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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of components of income tax expense (benefit) | he Company's (benefit) provision for income taxes comprises the following:
| For the year ended December 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Current: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 623,060 |  |  | $ | (5,093 | ) |  | $ | 439,934 |
State and local | 1,179 |  |  | (1,446 | ) |  | 946 |
Total current provision (benefit) | 624,239 |  |  | (6,539 | ) |  | 440,880 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | (2,724,371 | ) |  | 21,252 |  |  | 19,006 |
State and local | 6,342 |  |  | (829 | ) |  | 2,097 |
Total deferred (benefit) provision | (2,718,029 | ) |  | 20,423 |  |  | 21,103 |
Total (benefit) provision | $ | (2,093,790 | ) |  | $ | 13,884 |  |  | $ | 461,983 |
Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities | he Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities comprise the following:
| As of December 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Deferred income tax assets: |  |  |
Net operating losses | $ | 38,087,782 |  |  | $ | 72,726,440 |
Deferred research and development costs | 205,527 |  |  | 669,602 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 282,213 |  |  | 665,531 |
Share-based compensation | 1,001,662 |  |  | 1,687,243 |
Fixed assets | 417,085 |  |  | 667,008 |
Deferred revenue | 84,130,212 |  |  | 102,520,433 |
Alternative minimum tax credits | 2,652,250 |  |  | 2,029,190 |
Other | 1,024,082 |  |  | 1,337,941 |
Deferred income tax assets | 127,800,813 |  |  | 182,303,388 |
Less: valuation allowance | (102,556,657 | ) |  | (155,465,173 | )
Deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowance | $ | 25,244,156 |  |  | $ | 26,838,215 |
Deferred income tax liabilities: |  |  |
Amortization of goodwill | (193,458 | ) |  | (287,729 | )
Capitalized contract costs | (21,518,646 | ) |  | (25,854,435 | )
Other | (1,100,089 | ) |  | (982,117 | )
Deferred income tax asset (liability), net | $ | 2,431,963 |  |  | $ | (286,066 | )
Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation | The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate as follows:
| As of December 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Statutory federal income tax rate | (35.0 | )% |  | (35.0 | )% |  | (35.0 | )%
State tax benefit | (3.9 | )% |  | 0.6 | % |  | — | %
Increase in fair value of common stock warrants | 4.3 | % |  | 0.8 | % |  | — | %
Reorganization costs | — | % |  | 3.3 | % |  | 7.0 | %
Other | (1.8 | )% |  | 0.2 | % |  | 1.4 | %
U.S. federal tax law change | (5.1 | )% |  | — | % |  | — | %
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets | 36.0 | % |  | 30.1 | % |  | 27.8 | %
Effective tax rate | (5.5 | )% |  | — | % |  | 1.2 | %

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32537-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32687-109319 + Details
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