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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company determines its effective tax rate each quarter based upon its estimated annual effective tax rate. The Company records the tax impact of certain unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, in the interim period in which they occur. In addition,
jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate.
Income tax expense, (loss) income before income taxes and the corresponding effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Income tax expense$3,864 $2,861 $14,648 $15,072 
(Loss) income before income taxes(3,757)(8,032)7,156 (103,312)
Effective tax rate(103)%(36)%205 %(15)%
The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 varied from the effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily due to the geographic mix of pre-tax income and losses, and the inability to record a tax expense for pre-tax income and a benefit for pre-tax losses in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions due to valuation allowances and other permanent items.
The income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 varied from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the inability to record a tax expense for pre-tax income and a tax benefit for pre-tax losses in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions due to valuation allowances, tax credits, the impact of income taxes on foreign earnings taxed at rates varying from the U.S. statutory rate, and other permanent items.
The Company’s current and future provision for income taxes is impacted by changes in valuation allowances in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions. The Company’s future provision for income taxes will include no tax benefit with respect to losses incurred and, except for certain jurisdictions, no tax expense with respect to income generated in these countries until the respective valuation allowances are eliminated. Accordingly, income taxes are impacted by changes in valuation allowances and the mix of earnings among jurisdictions. The Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis. In completing this evaluation, the Company considers all available evidence in order to determine, based on the weight of the evidence, if a valuation allowance for its deferred tax assets is necessary. Such evidence includes historical results, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and expectations for future taxable income (exclusive of the reversal of temporary differences and carryforwards), as well as the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. If, based on the weight of the evidence, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded. If operating results improve or decline on a continual basis in a particular jurisdiction, the Company’s decision regarding the need for a valuation allowance could change, resulting in either the initial recognition or reversal of a valuation allowance in that jurisdiction, which could have a significant impact on income tax expense in the period recognized and subsequent periods. In determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes, the Company makes certain estimates and judgments, which affect its evaluation of the carrying value of its deferred tax assets, as well as its calculation of certain tax liabilities.
The Company, or one of its subsidiaries, files income tax returns in the United States and other foreign jurisdictions. During the examination of the Company’s 2015-2018 U.S. federal income tax filings, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) asserted that income earned by a Netherlands subsidiary from its Mexican branch operations should be categorized as foreign based company sales income under Section 954(d) of the Internal Revenue Code and should be recognized currently as taxable income on the Company’s 2015-2018 U.S. federal income tax filings. As a result of this assertion, the IRS issued a Notice of Proposed Adjustment. The Company believes the proposed adjustment is without merit and is in the process of contesting the matter. Currently, the protest with the IRS for the 2015-2018 tax years is with the IRS’s administrative appeals office (“IRS Appeals”). The Company does not anticipate reaching a resolution with IRS Appeals, but does plan to continue to challenge these proposed adjustments in the future through litigation, if necessary. The Company believes, after consultation with tax and legal counsel, that it is more likely than not that it will ultimately be successful in defending its position. As such, the Company has not recorded any impact of the IRS’s proposed adjustment in its condensed consolidated financial statements as of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. In the event the Company is not successful in defending its position, the potential income tax expense impact, including interest, related to tax years 2015 through September 30, 2025 is less than $10,000.
Numerous countries have agreed to a statement in support of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development model rules that propose a global minimum tax rate of 15%, and European Union member states have agreed to implement the global minimum tax. Certain countries, including European Union member states, enacted legislation in 2024, with widespread implementation of a global minimum tax expected in 2025. The Company has recorded the impact of the global minimum tax as currently enacted in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2025 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. As further legislation becomes effective in countries in which the
Company does business, the Company’s provision for income taxes could be impacted. The Company will continue to monitor pending legislation and implementation by individual countries and adjust its calculations accordingly.
On July 4, 2025, the United States enacted a budget reconciliation package known as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025 (“OBBBA”) into law. The OBBBA includes a broad range of tax reform provisions, including extending and modifying various provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and expanding certain incentives in the Inflation Reduction Act while accelerating the phase-out of other incentives. The legislation has multiple effective dates, with some provisions taking effect in 2025 and others being implemented through 2027. The Company has assessed the impact of the legislation and determined that the OBBBA will not materially affect our 2025 consolidated financial statements. Based on current guidance, we also do not anticipate a material impact on our consolidated financial statements for fiscal year 2026.