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Income taxes - Reconciliation between the income taxes expense computed by applying the PRC tax rate and the actual provision for income taxes (Details)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
CNY (¥)
Dec. 31, 2018
CNY (¥)
Dec. 31, 2017
CNY (¥)
Income taxes        
Income tax rate (as a percent) 25.00% 25.00%    
Expected tax at PRC rate $ 23,841,372 ¥ 165,978,862 ¥ 271,230,730 ¥ 119,643,817
Other expenses not deductible for tax purposes 3,913,314 27,243,710 226,076 119,376
Share based compensation expenses not deductible for tax purposes 5,616,527 39,101,140 42,959,121 18,502,393
Effect of tax holiday and preferential tax rate (40,194,099) (279,823,276) (104,548,726)  
Effect of different tax rate of subsidiary operation in other jurisdiction 409,886 2,853,547 3,164,192 (20,242)
Research and development tax deduction (1,818,120) (12,657,389) (32,720,713)  
Adjustment on income tax of the previous periods 138,099 961,418 (17,208,473)  
Tax on undistributed earnings/(loss) of VIEs (6,667,693) (46,419,145) 46,419,145  
Valuation allowance movement 639,387 4,451,281 399,836 2,883
Others 747,969 5,207,209    
Total $ (13,373,358) ¥ (93,102,643) ¥ 209,921,188 ¥ 138,248,227