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Note 13 - Fair Value
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Measurement and Measurement Inputs, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Text Block]
Note
1
3
.  Fair Value
 
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value
 
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The fair value hierarchy ranks the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
 
 
Level
1
– Observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets
 
Level
2
– Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level
1
that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability
 
Level
3
– Unobservable inputs with little or
no
market activity that require the Company to use reasonable inputs and assumptions
 
The Company uses fair value measurements to record adjustments to certain financial assets and liabilities on a recurring basis. The Company
may
be required to record certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in specific circumstances, such as evidence of impairment. Methodologies used to determine fair value might be highly subjective and judgmental in nature; therefore, valuations
may
not
be precise. If the Company determines that a valuation technique change is necessary, the change is assumed to have occurred at the end of the respective reporting period. The following discussion describes the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments under the valuation hierarchy.
 
Assets and Liabilities Reported at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
 
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
. Debt Securities available for sale are reported at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of Level
1
securities is based on quoted market prices in active markets, if available. If quoted market prices are
not
available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are primarily derived from or corroborated by observable market data. Level
2
securities use fair value measurements from independent pricing services obtained by the Company. These fair value measurements consider observable data that
may
include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and bond terms and conditions. The Company’s Level
2
securities include U.S. Agency and Treasury securities, municipal securities, single issue trust preferred securities, and mortgage-backed securities. Securities are based on Level
3
inputs when there is limited activity or less transparency to the valuation inputs. In the absence of observable or corroborated market data, internally developed estimates that incorporate market-based assumptions are used when such information is available.
 
Fair value models
may
be required when trading activity has declined significantly or does
not
exist, prices are
not
current, or pricing variations are significant. For Level
3
securities, the Company obtains the cash flow of specific securities from
third
parties that use modeling software to determine cash flows based on market participant data and knowledge of the structures of each individual security. The fair values of Level
3
securities are determined by applying proper market observable discount rates to the cash flow derived from
third
-party models. Discount rates are developed by determining credit spreads above a benchmark rate, such as LIBOR, and adding premiums for illiquidity, which are based on a comparison of initial issuance spread to LIBOR versus a financial sector curve for recently issued debt to LIBOR. Securities with increased uncertainty about the receipt of cash flows are discounted at higher rates due to the addition of a deal specific credit premium based on assumptions about the performance of the underlying collateral. Finally, internal fair value model pricing and external pricing observations are combined by assigning weights to each pricing observation. Pricing is reviewed for reasonableness based on the direction of specific markets and the general economic indicators.
 
Equity Securities.
  Equity securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company uses Level
1
inputs to value equity securities that are traded in active markets. Equity securities that are
not
actively traded are classified in Level
2.
 
Loans Held for Investment
. Loans held for investment are reported at fair value using the exit price notion, which is derived from
third
-party models. Loans related to fair value hedges are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.
 
Deferred Compensation Assets and Liabilities
. Securities held for trading purposes are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. These securities include assets related to employee deferred compensation plans, which are generally invested in Level
1
equity securities. The liability associated with these deferred compensation plans is carried at the fair value of the obligation to the employee, which corresponds to the fair value of the invested assets.
 
Derivative Assets and Liabilities
. Derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company obtains dealer quotes, Level
2
inputs, based on observable data to value derivatives.
 
The following tables summarize financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, by the level of valuation inputs in the fair value hierarchy, as of the dates indicated:
 
   
March 31, 2018
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Available-for-sale debt securities
                               
U.S. Agency securities
  $
11,224
    $
-
    $
11,224
    $
-
 
U.S. Treasury securities
   
19,942
     
-
     
19,942
     
-
 
Municipal securities
   
100,339
     
-
     
100,339
     
-
 
Single issue trust preferred securities
   
8,991
     
-
     
8,991
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed Agency securities
   
23,641
     
-
     
23,641
     
-
 
Total available-for-sale debt securities
   
164,137
     
-
     
164,137
     
-
 
Equity securities    
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Fair value loans
   
5,825
     
-
     
-
     
5,825
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
4,070
     
4,070
     
-
     
-
 
Derivative assets
   
45
     
-
     
45
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
4,070
     
4,070
     
-
     
-
 
 
   
December 31, 2017
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Available-for-sale debt securities
                               
U.S. Agency securities
  $
11,296
    $
-
    $
11,296
    $
-
 
U.S. Treasury securities
   
19,971
     
-
     
19,971
     
-
 
Municipal securities
   
103,648
     
-
     
103,648
     
-
 
Single issue trust preferred securities
   
8,884
     
-
     
8,884
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed Agency securities
   
21,726
     
-
     
21,726
     
-
 
Total available-for-sale debt securities
   
165,525
     
-
     
165,525
     
-
 
Equity securities    
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Fair value loans
   
5,739
     
-
     
5,739
     
-
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
4,002
     
4,002
     
-
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
4,002
     
4,002
     
-
     
-
 
Derivative liabilities
   
90
     
-
     
90
     
-
 
 
As of
March 31, 2018,
the Company measured the fair value of loans held for investment using an exit price notion in accordance with the adoption of ASU
2016
-
01.
Prior to
March 31, 2018,
loans held for investment were reported at fair value using discounted future cash flows that apply current interest rates for loans with similar terms and borrower credit quality. As a result of using the exit price, certain loans were transferred from Level
2
into Level
3
of the fair value hierarchy during the
three
months ended
March 31, 2018.
No
transfers into or out of Level
3
of the fair value hierarchy occurred during the
three
months ended
March 31, 2017.
 
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
 
Impaired Loans
. Impaired loans are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when repayment is expected solely from the sale of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is based on appraised value adjusted for customized discounting criteria, Level
3
inputs.
 
The Company maintains an active and robust problem credit identification system. The impairment review includes obtaining
third
-party collateral valuations to help management identify potential credit impairment and determine the amount of impairment to record. The Company’s Special Assets staff manages and monitors all impaired loans. Internal collateral valuations are generally performed within
two
to
four
weeks of identifying the initial potential impairment. The internal valuation compares the original appraisal to current local real estate market conditions and considers experience and expected liquidation costs. The Company typically receives a
third
-party valuation within
thirty
to
forty-five
days of completing the internal valuation. When a
third
-party valuation is received, it is reviewed for reasonableness. Once the valuation is reviewed and accepted, discounts are applied to fair market value, based on, but
not
limited to, our historical liquidation experience for like collateral, resulting in an estimated net realizable value. The estimated net realizable value is compared to the outstanding loan balance to determine the appropriate amount of specific impairment reserve.
 
Specific reserves are generally recorded for impaired loans while
third
-party valuations are in process and for impaired loans that continue to make some form of payment. While waiting to receive the
third
-party appraisal, the Company regularly reviews the relationship to identify any potential adverse developments and begins the tasks necessary to gain control of the collateral and prepare it for liquidation, including, but
not
limited to, engagement of counsel, inspection of collateral, and continued communication with the borrower. Generally, the only difference between the current appraised value, less liquidation costs, and the carrying amount of the loan, less the specific reserve, is any downward adjustment to the appraised value that the Company deems appropriate, such as the costs to sell the property. Impaired loans that do
not
meet certain criteria and do
not
have a specific reserve have typically been written down through partial charge-offs to net realizable value. Based on prior experience, the Company rarely returns loans to performing status after they have been partially charged off. Credits identified as impaired move quickly through the process towards ultimate resolution, except in cases involving bankruptcy and various state judicial processes that
may
extend the time for ultimate resolution.
 
OREO
. OREO is recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using Level
3
inputs. The Company calculates the fair value of OREO from current or prior appraisals that have been adjusted for valuation declines, estimated selling costs, and other proprietary qualitative adjustments that are deemed necessary.
 
The following tables present assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, by the level of valuation inputs in the fair value hierarchy, as of the dates indicated:
 
   
March 31, 2018
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans, non-covered
  $
4,954
    $
-
    $
-
    $
4,954
 
OREO, non-covered
   
3,032
     
-
     
-
     
3,032
 
OREO, covered
   
59
     
-
     
-
     
59
 
 
   
December 31, 2017
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans, non-covered
  $
5,015
    $
-
    $
-
    $
5,015
 
OREO, non-covered
   
2,359
     
-
     
-
     
2,359
 
OREO, covered
   
105
     
-
     
-
     
105
 
 
Quantitative Information about Level
3
Fair Value Measurements
 
The following table provides quantitative information for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using Level
3
valuation inputs as of the dates indicated:
 
 
Valuation
 
Unobservable
 
Discount Range (Weighted Average)
 
 
Technique
 
Input
 
March 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
                             
Impaired loans, non-covered
Discounted appraisals
(1)
 
Appraisal adjustments
(2)
 
 7%
to
100%
(37%)
 
 6%
to
79%
(34%)
 
OREO, non-covered
Discounted appraisals
(1)
 
Appraisal adjustments
(2)
 
 10%
to
61%
(23%)
 
 8%
to
47%
(32%)
 
OREO, covered
Discounted appraisals
(1)
 
Appraisal adjustments
(2)
 
 26%
to
49%
(44%)
 
 0%
to
65%
(52%)
 
                             
(
1
)
Fair value is generally based on appraisals of the underlying collateral.
(
2
)
Appraisals
may
be adjusted by management for customized discounting criteria, estimated sales costs, and proprietary qualitative adjustments.
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
The Company uses various methodologies and assumptions to estimate the fair value of certain financial instruments. A description of valuation methodologies used for instruments
not
previously discussed is as follows:
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
. Cash and cash equivalents are reported at their carrying amount, which is considered a reasonable estimate due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
 
Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities
. Securities held to maturity are reported at fair value using quoted market prices or dealer quotes.
 
FDIC Indemnification Asset
. The FDIC indemnification asset is reported at fair value using discounted future cash flows that apply current discount rates.
 
Accrued Interest Receivable/Payable
. Accrued interest receivable/payable is reported at its carrying amount, which is considered a reasonable estimate due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
 
Deposits and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase
. Deposits and repurchase agreements with fixed maturities and rates are reported at fair value using discounted future cash flows that apply interest rates available in the market for instruments with similar characteristics and maturities.
 
FHLB and Other Borrowings
. FHLB and other borrowings are reported at fair value using discounted future cash flows that apply interest rates available to the Company for borrowings with similar characteristics and maturities. Trust preferred obligations are reported at fair value using current credit spreads in the market for similar issues.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Instruments
. The Company believes that fair values of unfunded commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees are
not
meaningful; therefore, off-balance sheet instruments are
not
addressed in the fair value disclosures. The Company believes it is
not
feasible or practical to accurately disclose the fair values of off-balance sheet instruments due to the uncertainty and difficulty in assessing the likelihood and timing of advancing available proceeds, the lack of an established market for these instruments, and the diversity in fee structures. For additional information about the unfunded, contractual value of off-balance sheet financial instruments, see Note
14,
“Litigation, Commitments, and Contingencies,” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this report.
 
The following tables present the carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments, by the level of valuation inputs in the fair value hierarchy, as of the dates indicated:
 
   
March 31, 2018
 
   
Carrying
   
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Amount
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $
205,140
    $
205,140
    $
205,140
    $
-
    $
-
 
Debt securities available for sale
   
164,137
     
164,137
     
-
     
164,137
     
-
 
Debt securities held to maturity
   
25,115
     
24,987
     
-
     
24,987
     
-
 
Equity securities    
55
     
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Loans held for investment, net of allowance
   
1,773,609
     
1,758,212
     
-
     
-
     
1,758,212
 
FDIC indemnification asset
   
6,884
     
3,630
     
-
     
-
     
3,630
 
Interest receivable
   
5,155
     
5,155
     
-
     
5,155
     
-
 
Derivative financial assets
   
45
     
45
     
-
     
45
     
-
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
4,070
     
4,070
     
4,070
     
-
     
-
 
                                         
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time deposits
   
485,648
     
475,605
     
-
     
475,605
     
-
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
   
29,115
     
29,300
     
-
     
29,300
     
-
 
Interest payable
   
1,072
     
1,072
     
-
     
1,072
     
-
 
FHLB and other borrowings
   
50,000
     
51,845
     
-
     
51,845
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
4,070
     
4,070
     
4,070
     
-
     
-
 
 
   
December 31, 2017
 
   
Carrying
   
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Amount
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $
157,951
    $
157,951
    $
157,951
    $
-
    $
-
 
Debt securities available for sale
   
165,525
     
165,525
     
-
     
165,525
     
-
 
Debt securities held to maturity
   
25,149
     
25,084
     
-
     
25,084
     
-
 
Equity securities    
55
     
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Loans held for investment, net of allowance
   
1,797,908
     
1,760,606
     
-
     
5,739
     
1,754,867
 
FDIC indemnification asset
   
7,161
     
3,927
     
-
     
-
     
3,927
 
Interest receivable
   
5,778
     
5,778
     
-
     
5,778
     
-
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
4,002
     
4,002
     
4,002
     
-
     
-
 
                                         
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
   
454,143
     
454,143
     
-
     
454,143
     
-
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
   
465,407
     
465,407
     
-
     
465,407
     
-
 
Savings deposits
   
512,795
     
512,795
     
-
     
512,795
     
-
 
Time deposits
   
497,546
     
490,628
     
-
     
490,628
     
-
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
   
30,086
     
30,449
     
-
     
30,449
     
-
 
Interest payable
   
1,104
     
1,104
     
-
     
1,104
     
-
 
FHLB and other borrowings
   
50,000
     
52,702
     
-
     
52,702
     
-
 
Derivative financial liabilities
   
90
     
90
     
-
     
90
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
4,002
     
4,002
     
4,002
     
-
     
-