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Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Notes to Financial Statements |
Basis of Accounting [Text Block] | Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation First Community Bankshares, Inc. (the “Company”), a financial holding company, was founded in 1989 and incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 2018. The Company is the successor to First Community Bancshares, Inc., a Nevada corporation, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reincorporation and Merger, the sole purpose of which was to change the Company’s state of incorporation from Nevada to Virginia. The Company’s principal executive office is located at One Community Place, Bluefield, Virginia. The Company provides banking products and services to individual and commercial customers through its wholly owned subsidiary First Community Bank (the “Bank”), a Virginia-chartered banking institution founded in 1874. The Bank operates as First Community Bank in Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina and People’s Community Bank, a Division of First Community Bank, in Tennessee. The Bank offers wealth management and investment advice through its Trust Division and wholly owned subsidiary First Community Wealth Management (“FCWM”). Unless the context suggests otherwise, the terms “First Community,” “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to First Community Bankshares, Inc. and its subsidiaries as a consolidated entity. Principles of Consolidation The Company’s accounting and reporting policies conform with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and prevailing practices in the banking industry. The consolidated financial statements include all accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries and eliminate all intercompany balances and transactions. The Company operates in one business segment, Community Banking, which consists of all operations, including commercial and consumer banking, lending activities, and wealth management. The Company maintains investments in variable interest entities (“VIEs”). VIEs are legal entities in which equity investors do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to independently finance its activities, or as a group, the holders of the equity investment at risk lack the power through voting or similar rights to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, or do not have the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or the right to receive expected residual returns of the entity. Consolidation of a VIE is required if a reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The Company periodically reviews its VIEs and has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of any VIE; therefore, the assets and liabilities of these entities are not consolidated into the financial statements. Reclassification Certain amounts reported in prior years have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position, or net cash flow. In accordance with the reincorporation, the Company reclassified cumulative treasury stock resulting in a $5.38 million reduction of common stock at par value and a $106.85 million reduction of additional paid in capital at the excess cost of the treasury stock over par value. Virginia code provides that reacquired shares return to the status of authorized but unissued; therefore, the concept of treasury shares is eliminated. Use of Estimates Preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that require the most subjective or complex judgments relate to fair value measurements, the allowance for loan losses, goodwill and other intangible assets, and income taxes. For additional information, see “Critical Accounting Policies” in Part II, Item 7 of this report. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. Market participants are buyers and sellers in the principal market that are independent, knowledgeable, able to transact, and willing to transact. The fair value hierarchy ranks the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
| ● | Level 1 – Observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets
| ● | Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability
| ● | Level 3 – Unobservable inputs with little or no market activity that require the Company to use reasonable inputs and assumptions
The Company uses fair value measurements to record adjustments to certain financial assets and liabilities on a recurring basis. The Company may be required to record certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in specific circumstances, such as evidence of impairment. Methodologies used to determine fair value might be highly subjective and judgmental in nature; therefore, valuations may not be precise. If the Company determines that a valuation technique change is necessary, the change is assumed to have occurred at the end of the respective reporting period. Cash and Cash Equivalent s Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, and interest-bearing balances on deposit with the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), and correspondent banks that are available for immediate withdrawal. Investment Securities Management classifies debt securities as held-to-maturity or available-for-sale based on the intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Debt securities that the Company has the intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities and carried at amortized cost. Debt securities not classified as held to maturity are classified as available-for-sale securities and carried at estimated fair value. Available-for-sale securities consist of securities the Company intends to hold for indefinite periods of time including securities to be used as part of the Company’s asset/liability management strategy and securities that may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, prepayment risk, or other similar factors. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”), net of income taxes, in stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses on calls, maturities, or sales of investment securities are recorded based on the specific identification method and included in noninterest income. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of a security into interest income. The Company reviews its investment portfolio quarterly for indications of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) using inputs from independent third parties to determine the fair value of investment securities, which are reviewed and corroborated by management. Unrealized losses are evaluated to determine whether the impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary in nature. For debt securities, management considers its intent to sell the securities, the evidence available to determine if it is more likely than not that the securities will have to be sold before recovery of amortized cost, and the probable credit losses. Probable credit losses are evaluated using the present value of expected future cash flows; the severity and duration of the impairment; the issuer’s financial condition and near-term prospects to service the debt; the cause of the decline, such as adverse conditions related to the issuer, the industry, or economic environment; the payment structure of the debt; the issuer’s failure to make scheduled interest or principal payments; and any change in the issuer’s credit rating by rating agencies. If the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the security's effective yield is less than the net book value, the difference is recognized as a credit-related OTTI in noninterest income. If management does not intend to sell and if we are not likely to be required to sell the security, the OTTI is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized as a charge to noninterest income, and the amount representing all other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income (“OCI”). Other Investments As a condition of membership in the FHLB and the FRB, the Company is required to hold a minimum level of stock in the FHLB of Atlanta and the FRB of Richmond. These securities are carried at cost and periodically reviewed for impairment. The total investment in FHLB and FRB stock, which is included in other assets, was $7.78 million as of December 31, 2018, and $9.90 million as of December 31, 2017. The Company owns certain long-term equity investments without readily determinable fair values, including certain tax credit limited partnerships and various limited liability companies that manage real estate investments, facilitate tax credits, and provide title insurance and other related financial services. These investments are accounted for at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment. The total carrying value in these investments, which is included other assets, totaled $602 thousand as of December 31, 2018, and $823 thousand as of December 31, 2017. Business Combinations The Company accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting as outlined in using Topic 805 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). Under this method, all identifiable assets acquired, including purchased loans, and liabilities assumed are recorded at fair value. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. In instances where the price of the acquired business is less than the net assets acquired, a gain on the purchase is recorded. Fair values are assigned based on quoted prices for similar assets, if readily available, or appraisals by qualified independent parties for relevant asset and liability categories. Certain financial assets and liabilities are valued using discount models that apply current discount rates to streams of cash flow. Valuation methods require assumptions, which can result in alternate valuations, varying levels of goodwill or bargain purchase gains, or amortization expense or accretion income. Management must make estimates for the useful or economic lives of certain acquired assets and liabilities that are used to establish the amortization or accretion of some intangible assets and liabilities, such as core deposits. Fair values are subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as additional information about the closing date fair values becomes available. Acquisition and divestiture activities are included in the Company’s consolidated results of operations from the closing date of the transaction. Acquisition and divestiture related costs are recognized in noninterest expense as incurred. For additional information, see “Purchased Credit Impaired Loans” and “Intangible Assets” below. Loans Held for Investment Loans classified as held for investment are originated with the intent to hold indefinitely, until maturity, or until pay-off. Loans held for investment are carried at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned income and any necessary write-downs to reduce individual loans to net realizable value. Interest income on performing loans is recognized as interest income at the contractual rate of interest. Loan origination fees, including loan commitment and underwriting fees, are reduced by direct costs associated with loan processing, including salaries, legal review, and appraisal fees. Net deferred loan fees are deferred and amortized over the life of the related loan or commitment period. Purchased Performing Loans . Purchased loans that are deemed to be performing at the acquisition date are accounted for using the contractual cash flow method of accounting, which results in the loans being recorded at fair value with a credit discount. The fair value discount is accreted as an adjustment to yield over the estimated contractual lives of the loans. No allowance for loan losses is recorded at acquisition for purchased loans because the fair values of the acquired loans incorporate credit risk assumptions. P urchased C redit I mpaired (“PCI”) Loans . When purchased loans exhibit evidence of credit deterioration after the acquisition date, and it is probable at acquisition the Company will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments, the loans are referred to as PCI loans. PCI loans are accounted for using Topic 310 - 30 of the FASB ASC. PCI loans are initially measured at fair value, which includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loans. Per the guidance, the Company groups PCI loans that have common risk characteristics into loan pools. Evidence of credit quality deterioration at acquisition may include measures such as nonaccrual status, credit scores, declines in collateral value, current loan to value percentages, and days past due. The Company considers expected prepayments and estimates the amount and timing of expected principal, interest, and other cash flows for each loan or pool of loans identified as credit impaired. If contractually required payments at acquisition exceed cash flows expected to be collected, the excess is the non-accretable difference, which is available to absorb credit losses on those loans or pools of loans. If the cash flows expected at acquisition exceed the estimated fair values, the excess is the accretable yield, which is recognized in interest income over the remaining lives of those loans or pools of loans when there is a reasonable expectation about the amount and timing of such cash flows. Impaired Loans and Nonperforming Assets . The Company maintains an active and robust problem credit identification system through its ongoing credit review function. When a credit is identified as exhibiting characteristics of weakening, the Company assesses the credit for potential impairment. Loans are considered impaired when, in the opinion of management and based on current information and events, the collection of principal and interest payments due under the contractual terms of the loan agreements are uncertain. The Company conducts quarterly reviews of loans with balances of $500 thousand or greater that are deemed to be impaired. Factors considered in determining impairment include, but are not limited to, the borrower’s cash flow and capacity for debt repayment, the valuation of collateral, historical loss percentages, and economic conditions. Impairment allowances allocated to individual loans, including individual credit relationships and loan pools grouped by similar risk characteristics, are reviewed quarterly by management. Interest income realized on impaired loans in nonaccrual status, if any, is recognized upon receipt. The accrual of interest, which is based on the daily amount of principal outstanding, on impaired loans is generally continued unless the loan becomes delinquent 90 days or more. Loans are considered past due when either principal or interest payments become contractually delinquent by 30 days or more. The Company’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest, if warranted, on loans based on the payment status, evaluation of the related collateral, and the financial strength of the borrower. Loans that are 90 days or more past due are placed on nonaccrual status. Management may elect to continue the accrual of interest when the loan is well secured and in process of collection. When interest accruals are discontinued, interest accrued and not collected in the current year is reversed from income, and interest accrued and not collected from prior years is charged to the allowance for loan losses. Nonaccrual loans may be returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due, including past due payments, are brought current; the ability of the borrower to repay the obligation is reasonably assured; and there is generally a period of at least six months of repayment performance by the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms. Seriously delinquent loans are evaluated for loss mitigation options. Closed-end retail loans are generally charged off against the allowance for loan losses when the loans become 120 days past due. Open-end retail loans and residential real estate secured loans are generally charged off when the loans become 180 days past due. Unsecured loans are generally charged off when the loans become 90 days past due. All other loans are charged off against the allowance for loan losses after collection attempts have been exhausted, which generally is within 120 days. Recoveries of loans previously charged off are credited to the allowance for loan losses in the period received. Loans are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) when the Company grants concessions, for legal or economic reasons, to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that would not otherwise be considered. The Company generally makes concessions in interest rates, loan terms, and/or amortization terms. All TDRs $250 thousand or greater are evaluated for a specific reserve based on either the collateral or net present value method, whichever is most applicable. TDRs under $250 thousand are subject to the reserve calculation for classified loans based primarily on the historical loss rate. At the date of modification, nonaccrual loans are classified as nonaccrual TDRs. TDRs classified as nonperforming at the date of modification are returned to performing status after six months of satisfactory payment performance; however, these loans remain identified as impaired until full payment or other satisfaction of the obligation occurs. Other real estate owned (“OREO”) acquired through foreclosure, or other settlement, is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. The fair value is generally based on current third -party appraisals. When a property is transferred into OREO, any excess of the loan balance over the net realizable fair value is charged against the allowance for loan losses. Operating expenses, gains, and losses on the sale of OREO are included in other noninterest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of income after any fair value write-downs are recorded as valuation adjustments. Allowance for Loan Losses Management performs quarterly assessments of the allowance for loan losses. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to operations and reduced by net charge-offs. The provision is calculated and charged to earnings to bring the allowance to a level that, through a systematic process of measurement, reflects the amount management estimates is needed to absorb probable losses in the portfolio. The Company’s allowance for loan losses is segmented into commercial, consumer real estate, and consumer and other loans with each segment divided into classes with similar characteristics, such as the type of loan and collateral. The allowance for loan losses includes specific allocations related to significant individual loans and credit relationships and general reserves related to loans not individually evaluated. Loans not individually evaluated are grouped into pools based on similar risk characteristics. A loan that becomes adversely classified or graded is moved into a group of adversely classified or graded loans with similar risk characteristics for evaluation. A provision for loan losses is recorded for any credit deterioration in purchased performing loans after the acquisition date. PCI loans are grouped into pools and evaluated separately from the non-PCI portfolio. The Company estimates cash flows to be collected on PCI loans and discounts those cash flows at a market rate of interest. If cash flows for PCI loans are expected to decline, generally a provision for loan losses is charged to earnings, resulting in an increase to the allowance for loan losses. If cash flows for PCI loans are expected to improve, any previously established allowance is first reversed to the extent of prior charges and then interest income is increased using the prospective yield adjustment over the remaining life of the loan, or pool of loans. Any provision established for PCI loans covered under the FDIC loss share agreements is offset by an adjustment to the FDIC indemnification asset to reflect the indemnified portion, 80%, of the post-acquisition exposure. While allocations are made to various portfolio segments, the allowance for loan losses is available for use against any loan loss management deems appropriate, excluding reserves allocated to specific loans and PCI loan pools. FDIC Indemnification Asset The FDIC indemnification asset represents the carrying amount of the right to receive payments from the FDIC for losses incurred on certain loans and OREO purchased from the FDIC that are covered by loss share agreements. The FDIC indemnification asset is measured separately from related covered assets because it is not contractually embedded in the assets or transferable should the assets be disposed. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the FDIC indemnification asset is recorded at fair value using projected cash flows based on expected reimbursements and applicable loss share percentages as outlined in the loss share agreements. The expected reimbursements do not include reimbursable amounts related to future covered expenditures. The cash flows are discounted to reflect the timing and receipt of reimbursements from the FDIC. The discount is accreted through noninterest income over future periods. Post-acquisition adjustments to the indemnification asset are measured on the same basis as the underlying covered assets. Increases in the cash flows of covered loans reduce the FDIC indemnification asset balance, which is recognized as amortization through noninterest income over the shorter of the remaining life of the FDIC indemnification asset or the underlying loans. Decreases in the cash flows of covered loans increase the FDIC indemnification asset balance, which is recognized as accretion through noninterest income. Certain expenses related to covered assets are reimbursable from the FDIC through monthly and quarterly claims. Estimated reimbursements from the FDIC are netted against covered expenses in the consolidated statements of income. Premises and Equipment Premises, equipment, and capital leases are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Useful lives range from 5 to 10 years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment; 3 to 5 years for computer software, hardware, and data handling equipment; and 7 to 40 years for buildings and building improvements. Land improvements are amortized over a period of 20 years and leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the term of the respective leases plus the first optional renewal period, when renewal is reasonably assured, or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. The Company leases various properties within its branch network. Leases generally have initial terms of up to 20 years and most contain options to renew with increases in rent. All leases are accounted for as operating leases. Maintenance and repairs are charged to current operations while improvements that extend the economic useful life of the underlying asset are capitalized. Disposition gains and losses are reflected in current operations. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist of goodwill, core deposit intangible assets, and other identifiable intangible assets that result from business combinations. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired that is allocated to the appropriate reporting unit when acquired. Core deposit intangible assets represent the future earnings potential of acquired deposit relationships that are amortized over their estimated remaining useful lives. Other identifiable intangible assets primarily represent the rights arising from contractual arrangements that are amortized using the straight-line method. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate there may be impairment, using either a qualitative or quantitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the Company elects to perform a qualitative assessment, it evaluates economic, industry, and company-specific factors in assessing the fair value of its reporting unit. If the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative test is performed; otherwise, no further resting is required. The quantitative test consists of comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its book value, no goodwill impairment exists. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit is greater than its fair value, a goodwill impairment charge is recognized for the difference, but limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Other identifiable intangible assets are evaluated for impairment if events or changes in circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are generally accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recognized as short-term borrowings in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Securities, generally U.S. government and federal agency securities, pledged as collateral under these arrangements can be sold or repledged only if replaced by the secured party. The fair value of the collateral provided to a third party is continually monitored and additional collateral is provided as appropriate. Derivative Instruments The Company primarily uses derivative instruments to protect against the risk of adverse price or interest rate movements on the value of certain assets and liabilities and on future cash flows. Derivative instruments represent contracts between parties that usually require little or no initial net investment and result in one party delivering cash or another asset to the other party based on a notional amount and an underlying asset as specified in the contract such as interest rates, equity security prices, currencies, commodity prices, or credit spreads. These derivative instruments may consist of interest rate swaps, floors, caps, collars, futures, forward contracts, and written and purchased options. Derivative contracts often involve future commitments to exchange interest payment streams or currencies based on a notional or contractual amount, such as interest rate swaps or currency forwards, or to purchase or sell other financial instruments at specified terms on a specified date, such as options to buy or sell securities or currencies. Derivative instruments are subject to counterparty credit risk due to the possibility that the Company will incur a loss because a counterparty, which may be a bank, a broker-dealer or a customer, fails to meet its contractual obligations. This risk is measured as the expected positive replacement value of contracts. Derivative contracts may be executed only with exchanges or counterparties approved by the Company’s Asset/Liability Management Committee. If certain conditions are met, a derivative may be designated as a hedge related to fair value, cash flow, or foreign exposure risk. The recognition of changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument varies depending on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. The Company accounts for hedges of customer loans as fair value hedges. The change in fair value of the hedging derivative and the change in fair value of the hedged exposure are recorded in earnings. Any hedge ineffectiveness is also reflected in current earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are recognized as a gain or loss in earnings. The Company formally documents any relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking each hedged transaction. All derivative instruments are reported at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets. Equity-Based Compensation The cost of employee services received in exchange for equity instruments, including stock options and restricted stock awards, is generally measured at fair value on the grant date. The Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model is used to estimate the fair value of stock options at the grant date while the fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The Black-Scholes-Merton model incorporates the following assumptions: the expected volatility is based on the weekly historical volatility of the Company’s common stock price over the expected term of the option; the expected term is generally calculated using the shortcut method; the risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s (“Treasury”) yield curve on the grant date with a term comparable to the grant; and the dividend yield is based on the Company’s dividend yield using the most recent dividend rate paid per share and trading price of the Company’s common stock. Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period for stock option awards and as the restriction period for restricted stock awards. For awards with graded vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. Revenue Recognition Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (“ASC 606” ), “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the Company's contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied. The great majority of the Company’s revenue-generating transactions are not subject to ASC 606, including revenue generated from financial instruments, such as loans, letters of credit, and derivatives and investment securities, as these activities are subject to other GAAP discussed elsewhere within our disclosures. Descriptions of the Company’s revenue-generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606, which are discussed below, are presented in the Company’s consolidated statements of income as components of noninterest income. Wealth management . Wealth management income represents monthly fees due from wealth management customers in consideration for managing and administrating the customers' assets. Wealth management and trust services include custody of assets, investment management, escrow services, fees for trust services and similar fiduciary activities. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is completed each month, which is generally the time that payment is received. Income also includes fees received from a third party broker-dealer as part of a revenue-sharing agreement for fees earned from customers that are referred to the third party. These fees are paid to the Company by the third party on a quarterly basis and recognized ratably throughout the quarter as the performance obligation is satisfied. Service charges on deposits and other service charges and fees . Service charges on deposits and other service charges and fees represent general service fees for account maintenance and activity and transaction-based fees that consist of transaction-based revenue, time-based revenue (service period), item-based revenue, or some other individual attribute-based revenue. Revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is completed, which is generally monthly for account maintenance services or when a transaction has been completed. Payment for such performance obligations is generally received at the time the performance obligations are satisfied. Other service charges and fees include interchange income from debit and credit card transaction fees. Other operating income. Other operating income consists primarily of third -party incentive payments, income on life insurance contracts, and dividends received, which are not subject to the requirements of ASC 606. Advertising Expenses Advertising costs are generally expensed as incurred. The Company may establish accruals for expected advertising expenses in the course of a fiscal year. Income Taxes Income tax expense is comprised of the current and deferred tax consequences of events and transactions already recognized. The Company includes interest and penalties related to income tax liabilities in income tax expense. The effective tax rate, income tax expense as a percent of pre-tax income, may vary significantly from statutory rates due to tax credits and permanent differences. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes as changes in tax laws or rates are enacted. Per Share Results Basic earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share includes the dilutive effect of potential common stock that could be issued by the Company. Under the treasury stock method of accounting, potential common stock may be issued for stock options, non-vested restricted stock awards, performance based stock awards, and convertible preferred stock. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period plus the number of dilutive potential common shares. The calculation of diluted earnings per common share excludes potential common shares that have an exercise price greater than the average market value of the Company’s common stock because the effect would be antidilutive. Recent Accounting Standard s Standards to be Adopted in 201 9 In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018 - 09, “Codification Improvements.” This ASU makes changes to a variety of topics to clarify, correct errors in, or make minor improvements to the Accounting Standards Codification. The majority of the amendments in ASU 2018 - 09 will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company adopted ASU 2018 - 09 in the first quarter of 2019. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017 - 12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815 ): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” This ASU intends to improve the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements and simplify the application of hedge accounting guidance. ASU 2017 - 12 will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company adopted ASU 2017 - 12 in the first quarter of 2019. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 02, “Leases (Topic 842 ).” This ASU increases transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and requiring more disclosures related to leasing transactions. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018 - 10, “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases,” which updates narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2016 - 02. ASU 2016 - 02 will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2016 - 02 in the first quarter of 2019 and elected practical expedients where it would not reassess ( 1 ) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, ( 2 ) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and ( 3 ) initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company leases certain banking offices under lease agreements classified as operating leases and recognized a right-of-use asset and related lease liability of $915 thousand as of January 1, 2019. Standards Adopted in 2018 In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Updated (“ASU”) 2018 - 02, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220 ): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” This ASU allows a reclassification from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform Act”) and requires certain new disclosures. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2018 - 02 in the first quarter of 2018 on a retrospective basis. The effect of the adoption of the standard was a decrease in AOCI of $244 thousand with the offset to retained earnings as recorded in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and statement of changes in stockholders’ equity for the year ended December 31, 2017. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017 - 09, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718 ): Scope of Modification Accounting.” This ASU clarifies when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the change in terms or conditions. The Company adopted ASU 2017 - 09 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017 - 08, “Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310 - 20 ): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Securities.” This ASU amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities. The Company early adopted ASU 2017 - 08 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements since securities held at a premium were already being amortized to the earliest call date. In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017 - 07, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715 ): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.” This ASU intends to improve the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit costs in the income statement and to narrow the amounts eligible for capitalization in assets. The Company adopted ASU 2017 - 07 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In accordance with the standard, the Company reclassified the non-service components of the net periodic benefit costs from salaries and employee benefits to other expense on a retrospective basis, which totaled $543 thousand in 2017 and $523 thousand in 2016. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230 ): Restricted Cash.” This ASU requires that a statement of cash flows explains the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016 - 18 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230 ): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” This ASU makes eight targeted changes to how cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The update should be applied on a retrospective basis, if practicable. The Company adopted ASU 2016 - 15 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In accordance with the standard, the Company reclassified proceeds from bank owned life insurance from operating activities to investing activities on a retrospective basis, which totaled $2.64 million in 2017. In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 01, “Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825 - 10 ): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This ASU significantly revises how entities account for and disclose financial assets and liabilities. The guidance ( 1 ) requires most equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; ( 2 ) simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without a readily determinable fair value; ( 3 ) eliminates the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; ( 4 ) requires public business entities to use exit price notion, rather than entry prices, when measuring fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; ( 5 ) requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial assets on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements; ( 6 ) requires separate presentation in other comprehensive income of the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the organization has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments; and ( 7 ) states that a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets related to available-for-sale securities should be evaluated in combination with other deferred tax assets. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018 - 03, which included technical corrections and improvements to clarify the guidance in ASU 2016 - 01. The Company adopted ASU 2016 - 01 in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In accordance with the prospective application of the standard, the Company began measuring the fair value of loans using an exit price notion as of March 31, 2018. For additional information, see Note 13, “Fair Value” to the Consolidated Financial Statements of this report. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014 - 09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606 ).” This ASU’s core principle is that an entity will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In doing so, companies will need to use more judgment and make more estimates than under existing guidance. These may include identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015 - 14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” deferring the effective date of ASU 2014 - 09 for the Company until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company adopted Topic 606, and related updates, in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective method. The Company’s primary source of revenue is interest income, which is excluded from the scope of this guidance; however, the Company evaluated the impact on other income; which includes fees for services, commissions on sales, and various deposit service charges; revenue contracts; and disclosures and determined that no cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings was necessary. The adoption of the standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements. In accordance with the standard, the Company reclassified interchange expense, which was previously a component of noninterest expense, to net against interchange income on a retrospective basis, which totaled $1.68 million in 2017 and $1.53 million in 2016. Standards Not Yet Adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326 ): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU intends to improve financial reporting by requiring timelier recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations. This ASU requires an organization to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. In addition, the update amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASU 2016 - 13 will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2016 - 13 in the first quarter of 2020 and recognize a cumulative adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption. The Company has established a working group to prepare for, and implement changes related to, the standard and has engaged a third -party vendor solution to assist in the application of the standard. The Company is currently unable to reasonably estimate the impact of adopting ASU 2016 - 13, but expects that the impact of adoption could be significantly influenced by the composition, characteristics, and quality of the Company’s loan and securities portfolios as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts as of the adoption date. The adoption of the standard could result in significant changes to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, which may include changes in the level of the allowance for credit losses that will be considered adequate, a reduction in shareholders’ equity and regulatory capital, differences in the timing of recognizing changes to the allowance for credit losses, expanded disclosures about the allowance for credit losses, and the Company’s internal control over financial reporting related to the allowance for credit losses. The Company does not expect other recent accounting standards issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

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