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Research Collaboration and License Agreements | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2025
Research Collaboration And License Agreements [Abstract] |
Research Collaboration and License Agreements | Research Collaboration and License Agreements Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement In July 2021, the Company entered into a Collaboration Agreement with Pfizer Inc. (“Pfizer”) (the “Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company granted Pfizer worldwide co-exclusive rights to develop and commercialize products containing the Company’s proprietary compound vepdegestrant (the “Licensed Products”). Under the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront, non-refundable payment of $650.0 million. In addition, the Company is eligible to receive up to an additional $1.4 billion in contingent payments based on specific regulatory and sales-based milestones for the Licensed Products. Of the total contingent payments, $400.0 million in regulatory milestones are related to marketing approvals and $1.0 billion are related to sales-based milestones. There were no regulatory or sales-based milestone payments received through June 30, 2025. The Company and Pfizer share equally all development costs for the Licensed Products, subject to certain exceptions. Except for certain regions described below, the parties will also share equally all profits and losses in commercialization and medical affairs activities for the Licensed Products in all other countries, subject to certain exceptions. The Company will be the marketing authorization holder in the United States and, subject to marketing approval, book sales in the United States, while Pfizer will hold marketing authorizations outside the United States. The parties will determine which, if any, regions within the world will be solely commercialized by one party, and in such region the parties will adjust their share of profits and losses for the Licensed Products based on the role each party will be performing. As a direct result of the Company’s entry into the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement, the Company incurred direct and incremental costs to obtain the contract, paid to a financial advisor, totaling $12.9 million. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, the Company recognized an asset of $12.9 million in collaboration contract asset and other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet at inception of the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement, which is being amortized as general and administrative expense over the total estimated period of performance under the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement. Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement In December 2017, the Company entered into a Research Collaboration and License Agreement with Pfizer (the “Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement”). Under the terms of the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront, non-refundable payment and certain additional payments totaling $28.0 million in 2018 in exchange for use of the Company’s technology license and to fund Pfizer-related research as defined within the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement. These payments are being recognized over the total estimated period of performance. As of June 30, 2025, there remains a single target under the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement, and, in accordance with the terms of such Agreement, the Company is eligible to receive up to an additional $3.8 million in non-refundable option payments if Pfizer exercises its option for such target protein. The Company is also entitled to receive up to $225.0 million in development milestone payments and up to $550.0 million in sales-based milestone payments for all designated target proteins under the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement, as well as tiered royalties based on sales. There were no sales-based milestone payments or royalties received through June 30, 2025. Novartis License and Asset Agreements In April 2024, the Company entered into a transaction (the "Novartis Transaction"), including both a license agreement (the "Novartis License Agreement") and an asset purchase agreement (the "Novartis Asset Agreement") with Novartis Pharma AG ("Novartis") for the worldwide development, manufacture and commercialization of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766), the Company's second generation PROTAC androgen receptor (AR) degrader for patients with prostate cancer and for the sale of the Company's preclinical AR-V7 program. Under the terms of the agreements, Novartis is responsible for worldwide clinical development and commercialization of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766) and has all research, development, manufacturing, and commercialization rights with respect to the Company’s PROTAC protein degrader targeting AR-V7, a splice variant of the AR. In May 2024, the applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, expired with respect to the Novartis Transaction (the “HSR Termination”). As a result of the HSR Termination and satisfaction of other closing conditions, Novartis paid to the Company a one-time, upfront payment in the aggregate amount of $150.0 million in accordance with the terms of the Novartis License Agreement and the Novartis Asset Agreement. Under the terms of the Novartis License Agreement, the Company is eligible to receive up to an additional $1.01 billion as contingent payments based on specified development, regulatory and commercial milestones for luxdegalutamide (ARV-766) being met, as well as tiered royalties based on worldwide net sales of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766), subject to reduction under certain circumstances as provided in the Novartis License Agreement. There were no development, regulatory or commercial milestone payments, or sales-based royalties received through June 30, 2025. The Novartis License Agreement will continue on a country-by-country basis (or, in certain cases, a region-by-region basis) until the expiration of the applicable royalty term for such country (or region, as applicable). The Novartis License Agreement contains customary termination provisions, including that either party may terminate the Novartis License Agreement (a) upon the material breach of the other party or (b) in the event the other party experiences an insolvency event. Additionally, Novartis may terminate the Novartis License Agreement for convenience or upon a safety or regulatory issue. The Company determined that the Novartis License Agreement and the Novartis Asset Agreement entered into with Novartis concurrently should be accounted for as a combined contract in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company determined the fair value of the assets sold under the Novartis Asset Agreement to be $20.0 million, which was recognized at the time of sale as revenue, and the fair value of the Novartis License Agreement to be $130.0 million, which was recognized as revenue over the total estimated period of performance during the technology transfer period, as defined in the agreement, based on the cost incurred input method. Under the Novartis License Agreement, Novartis also reimbursed the Company for development costs incurred during the technology transfer period, which was recognized as revenue as costs were incurred. As of December 31, 2024, the technology transfer period ended as the Company completed the transition of its ongoing and planned clinical trials of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766) to Novartis. As a direct result of the Company’s entry into the Novartis Transaction, the Company incurred direct and incremental costs to obtain the contract, paid to a financial advisor, totaling $3.0 million. In accordance with ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, the Company recognized an asset of $3.0 million in collaboration contract asset and other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet at inception of the Novartis License Agreement and the Novartis Asset Agreement, which was amortized as general and administrative expense over the total estimated period of performance under the Novartis License Agreement and the Novartis Asset Agreement. Bayer Collaboration Agreement In June 2019, the Company and Bayer AG entered into a Collaboration and License Agreement (the “Bayer Collaboration Agreement”) setting forth the Company’s collaboration with Bayer AG to identify or optimize proteolysis targeting chimeras ("PROTAC targeted protein degraders") that mediate the degradation of target proteins. Under the terms of the Bayer Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront, non-refundable payment of $17.5 million in exchange for the use of the Company’s technology license. The Company also received an additional $12.0 million from Bayer AG from inception through 2023. These payments were recognized over the total estimated period of performance. Pursuant to notice from Bayer AG in accordance with the terms of the Bayer Collaboration Agreement, the Bayer Collaboration Agreement was terminated effective August 12, 2024. The Company was eligible to receive up to $197.5 million in development milestone payments and up to $490.0 million in sales-based milestone payments for all designated target proteins. In addition, the Company was eligible to receive, on net sales of PROTAC targeted protein degrader-related products, mid-single digit to low-double digit tiered royalties, which were subject to reductions. There were no development or sales-based milestone payments or royalties received through August 12, 2024, the termination date of the agreement. Restated Genentech Agreement In November 2017, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Option, License, and Collaboration Agreement (the “Restated Genentech Agreement”) with Genentech, Inc. and F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd. (together "Genentech"), amending a previous Genentech agreement entered into in September 2015. Under the Restated Genentech Agreement, the Company received additional upfront, non-refundable payments of $34.5 million (in addition to $11.0 million received under the previous agreement in 2015) to fund Genentech-related research. Upfront non-refundable payments were recognized as revenue over the performance period, which concluded during the first quarter of 2023. The Company is eligible to receive up to $44.0 million per target protein in development milestone payments, $52.5 million in regulatory milestone payments and $60.0 million in commercial milestone payments based on sales as well as tiered royalties based on sales. There were no development, regulatory or commercial milestone payments or royalties received through June 30, 2025. Changes in the Company's contract balances for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
(dollars in millions) | June 30, 2025 |  | June 30, 2024
Accounts receivable related to collaborations |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 5.7 |  |  | $ | — |
Additions | 0.1 |  |  | 1.8 |
Payments received | (5.3) |  |  | — |
Ending balance | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 1.8 |
Accounts payable related to collaborations |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | 13.1 |
Additions | 29.5 |  |  | 29.2 |
Payments made | (24.8) |  |  | (26.1) |
Ending balance | $ | 10.1 |  |  | $ | 16.2 |
Contract assets: Collaboration contract asset |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 7.8 |  |  | $ | 9.4 |
Additions | — |  |  | 3.0 |
Amortization | (3.7) |  |  | (1.7) |
Ending balance | $ | 4.1 |  |  | $ | 10.7 |
Contract liabilities: Deferred revenue |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 448.2 |  |  | $ | 549.2 |
Additions to collaboration agreements | — |  |  | 130.0 |
Revenue recognized from balances held at the beginning of the period | (211.2) |  |  | (56.3) |
Revenue recognized from new collaborations | — |  |  | (23.7) |
Ending balance | $ | 237.0 |  |  | $ | 599.2 |
During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company updated its estimate to satisfy the performance obligations under the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement due to the removal of the first-line Phase 3 combination trial with Pfizer’s novel investigational CDK4 inhibitor, atirmociclib, and the removal of the second-line Phase 3 combination trial with a CDK4/6 inhibitor from the development plan. The change in accounting estimate resulted in an increase in revenue of $150.2 million, an increase in operating expenses of $2.6 million, an increase in net income of $147.6 million, and an increase in basic and diluted earnings per share of $2.04 and $2.03, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2025. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company also changed its estimate of the duration of the performance period under the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement as a result of updated research timelines. The change in accounting estimate resulted in a decrease in revenue and net income of $2.5 million, respectively, and a decrease in basic and diluted earnings per share of $0.03 for the six months ended June 30, 2025. The reversed revenue will continue to be recognized in future periods as the Company continues to advance on the performance obligation under the updated collaboration timeline. During the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 and the six months ended June 30, 2024, no changes in accounting estimates related to the Company's collaborations were recorded. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied as of June 30, 2025 totaled $237.0 million, which is expected to be recognized in the following periods:
(dollars in millions) |
Remainder of 2025 | $ | 69.6 |
2026 | 66.6 |
2027 | 20.3 |
2028 | 80.5 |
Total | $ | 237.0 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for collaborative arrangements in which the entity is a participant, including a) information about the nature and purpose of such arrangements; b) its rights and obligations thereunder; c) the accounting policy for collaborative arrangements; and d) the income statement classification and amounts attributable to transactions arising from the collaborative arrangement between participants. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 808 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 808 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (b) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 808 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/808/tableOfContent + Details
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