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Research Collaboration and License Agreements | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2026
Research Collaboration And License Agreements [Abstract] |
Research Collaboration and License Agreements | Research Collaboration and License Agreements Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement In July 2021, the Company entered into a Collaboration Agreement with Pfizer Inc. (“Pfizer”) (the “Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company granted Pfizer worldwide co-exclusive rights to develop and commercialize products containing the Company’s proprietary compound vepdegestrant (the “Licensed Products”). Under the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront, non-refundable payment of $650.0 million. In addition, the Company is eligible to receive up to an additional $1.4 billion in contingent payments based on specific regulatory and sales-based milestones for the Licensed Products. Of the total contingent payments, $400.0 million in regulatory milestones are related to marketing approvals and $1.0 billion are related to sales-based milestones. There were no regulatory or sales-based milestone payments received through March 31, 2026. The Company and Pfizer share equally all development costs for the Licensed Products, including costs of conducting clinical trials, subject to certain exceptions. The Company and Pfizer share equally all development costs for the Licensed Products, including costs of conducting clinical trials, subject to certain exceptions. Except for certain regions described below, the parties will also share equally all profits and losses in commercialization and medical affairs activities for the Licensed Products in all other countries, subject to certain exceptions. As a direct result of the Company’s entry into the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement, the Company incurred direct and incremental costs to obtain the contract, paid to a financial advisor, totaling $12.9 million. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, the Company recognized an asset of $12.9 million in collaboration contract asset and other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet at inception of the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement, which is being amortized as general and administrative expense over the total estimated period of performance under the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement. In the second quarter of 2026, the Company announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") has granted approval for VEPPANU™ (vepdegestrant) for the treatment of adults with estrogen receptor-positive (“ER+”)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (“HER2-”), estrogen receptor 1 (“ESR1”)-mutated advanced or metastatic breast cancer, as detected by an FDA-authorized test, with disease progression following at least one line of endrocrine-based therapy. Pursuant to the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement, the Company will receive $50.0 million as a development milestone payment in connection with the FDA’s approval of VEPPANU (the “Milestone Payment”). The Milestone Payment will be offset by certain amounts that the Company will owe to Yale University ("Yale") pursuant to the amended and restated license agreement, dated June 18, 2024, by and between the Company, one of its subsidiaries, and Yale (the "Yale Agreement"). In September 2025, the Company announced that the Company and Pfizer have agreed to jointly select a third party for the commercialization and potential further development of vepdegestrant. The Company and its collaborator, Pfizer Inc., remain on track to announce selection of a third party to commercialize VEPPANU. Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement In December 2017, the Company entered into a Research Collaboration and License Agreement with Pfizer (the “Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement”). Under the terms of the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront, non-refundable payment and certain additional payments totaling $28.0 million in 2018 in exchange for use of the Company’s technology license and to fund Pfizer-related research as defined within the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement. These payments are being recognized over the total estimated period of performance. As of March 31, 2026, there remains a single target under the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement, and, in accordance with the terms of such Agreement, the Company is eligible to receive up to an additional $3.8 million in non-refundable option payments if Pfizer exercises its option for such target protein under the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement. The Company is also entitled to receive up to $225.0 million in development milestone payments and up to $550.0 million in sales-based milestone payments for all designated target proteins under the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement, as well as tiered royalties based on sales, which may be subject to reductions. There were no sales-based milestone payments or royalties received through March 31, 2026. Novartis License and Asset Agreements In April 2024, the Company entered into a transaction (the "Novartis Transaction"), including both a license agreement (the "Novartis License Agreement") and an asset purchase agreement (the "Novartis Asset Agreement") with Novartis Pharma AG ("Novartis") for the worldwide development, manufacture and commercialization of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766), the Company's second generation PROTAC androgen receptor (AR) degrader for patients with prostate cancer and for the sale of the Company's preclinical AR-V7 program. Under the terms of the agreements, Novartis is responsible for worldwide clinical development and commercialization of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766) and has all research, development, manufacturing, and commercialization rights with respect to the Company’s PROTAC protein degrader targeting AR-V7, a splice variant of the AR. In May 2024, Novartis paid to the Company a one-time, upfront payment in the aggregate amount of $150.0 million in accordance with the terms of the Novartis License Agreement and the Novartis Asset Agreement. The u pfront payment was recognized as revenue over the performance period, which concluded a s of December 31, 2024 as the technology transfer period ended as the Company completed the transition of its ongoing and planned clinical trials of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766) to Novartis. Under the terms of the Novartis License Agreement, the Company is eligible to receive up to an additional $1.01 billion as contingent payments based on specified development, regulatory and commercial milestones for luxdegalutamide (ARV-766) being met, as well as tiered royalties based on worldwide net sales of luxdegalutamide (ARV-766), subject to reduction under certain circumstances as provided in the Novartis License Agreement. There were no development, regulatory or commercial milestone payments, or sales-based royalties received during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The Novartis License Agreement will continue on a country-by-country basis (or, in certain cases, a region-by-region basis) until the expiration of the applicable royalty term for such country (or region, as applicable). The Novartis License Agreement contains customary termination provisions, including that either party may terminate the Novartis License Agreement (a) upon the material breach of the other party or (b) in the event the other party experiences an insolvency event. Additionally, Novartis may terminate the Novartis License Agreement for convenience or upon a safety or regulatory issue. Restated Genentech Agreement In November 2017, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Option, License, and Collaboration Agreement (the “Restated Genentech Agreement”) with Genentech, Inc. and F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd. (together "Genentech"), amending a previous Genentech agreement entered into in September 2015. Under the Restated Genentech Agreement, the Company received additional upfront, non-refundable payments of $34.5 million (in addition to $11.0 million received under the previous agreement in 2015) to fund Genentech-related research. Upfront non-refundable payments were recognized as revenue over the performance period, which concluded during the first quarter of 2023. The research phase of the collaboration with Genentech has ended. As such, Genentech is no longer able to nominate new targets into the collaboration. The only target that remains part of the collaboration is the PROTAC targeted protein degrader for which Genentech exercised its exclusive option upon amendment and restatement of the agreement. The Company is eligible to receive up to $44.0 million per target protein in development milestone payments, $52.5 million in regulatory milestone payments and $60.0 million in commercial milestone payments based on sales as well as tiered royalties based on sales. There were no development, regulatory or commercial milestone payments or royalties received through March 31, 2026. During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company's sources of revenue were as follows:
(dollars in millions) | March 31, 2026 |  | March 31, 2025
Revenue |  |  |
Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement | $ | 14.4 |  |  | $ | 189.9 |
Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement | 1.2 |  |  | (1.1) |
Total Revenue | $ | 15.6 |  |  | $ | 188.8 |
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company updated its estimate to satisfy the performance obligations under the Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) Collaboration Agreement due to the removal of the first-line Phase 3 combination trial with Pfizer’s novel investigational CDK4 inhibitor, atirmociclib, and the removal of the second-line Phase 3 combination trial with a CDK4/6 inhibitor from the development plan. The change in accounting estimate resulted in an increase in revenue of $150.2 million, an increase in operating expenses of $2.6 million, a decrease in net loss of $147.6 million, and an increase in basic and diluted earnings per share of $2.04 and $2.03, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2025. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company also changed its estimate of the duration of the performance period under the Pfizer Research Collaboration Agreement as a result of updated research timelines. The change in accounting estimate resulted in a decrease in revenue and net income of $2.5 million , and a decrease in basic and diluted loss per share of $0.03 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The reversed revenue will continue to be recognized in future periods as the Company continues to advance on the performance obligation under the updated collaboration timeline. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, no changes in accounting estimates related to the Company's collaborations were recorded. Changes in the Company's contract balances for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 were as follows:
(dollars in millions) | March 31, 2026 |  | March 31, 2025
Accounts receivable related to collaborations |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 5.7 |
Additions | 0.8 |  |  | — |
Payments received | — |  |  | (5.3) |
Ending balance | $ | 1.8 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |
Accounts payable related to collaborations |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 16.8 |  |  | $ | 5.4 |
Additions | 9.1 |  |  | 19.4 |
Payments made | — |  |  | (5.4) |
Ending balance | $ | 25.9 |  |  | $ | 19.4 |
Contract assets: Collaboration contract asset |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 3.5 |  |  | $ | 7.8 |
Amortization | (0.3) |  |  | (3.3) |
Ending balance | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | 4.5 |
Contract liabilities: Deferred revenue |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 205.6 |  |  | $ | 448.2 |
Revenue recognized from balances held at the beginning of the period | (15.6) |  |  | (188.8) |
Ending balance | $ | 190.0 |  |  | $ | 259.4 |
The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied as of March 31, 2026 totaled $190.0 million, which is expected to be recognized in the following periods:
(dollars in millions) |
Remainder of 2026 | $ | 46.7 |
2027 | 20.3 |
2028 | 20.3 |
2029 | 102.7 |
Total | $ | 190.0 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for collaborative arrangements in which the entity is a participant, including a) information about the nature and purpose of such arrangements; b) its rights and obligations thereunder; c) the accounting policy for collaborative arrangements; and d) the income statement classification and amounts attributable to transactions arising from the collaborative arrangement between participants. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 808 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 808 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (b) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 808 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/808/tableOfContent + Details
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