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Table of Contents

​

.

​

United States Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

​

(Mark One)

​

​ | ​
☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

​

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024

​ | ​
​ | ​
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

​

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 001-37661

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

​

​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​
Tennessee |  | 62-1173944
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
5401 Kingston Pike, Suite 600 Knoxville, Tennessee |  | 37919
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)
865-437-5700 |  | Not Applicable
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) |  | (Former name, former address and former fiscal
|  | year, if changed since last report)

​

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

​

​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​
Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of Exchange on which Registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 | SMBK | The New York Stock Exchange

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or and emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

​

Large accelerated filer ☐ | Accelerated filer ☒ | Non-accelerated filer ☐ | Smaller reporting company ☐ | Emerging growth company ☐

​

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check market if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 05, 2024, there were 16,926,374 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share, issued and outstanding.

​

​

​

Table of Contents

​

TABLE OF CONTENTS

​

​ | ​ | ​
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ​
​ | ​ | ​
Item 1. | Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 3
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 | 3
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 | 4
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 | 5
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 | 6
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 | 7
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 8
​ | ​ | ​
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 40
​ | ​ | ​
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 56
​ | ​ | ​
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 56
​ | ​ | ​
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION | 57
​ | ​ | ​
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 57
​ | ​ | ​
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 57
​ | ​ | ​
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 57
​ | ​ | ​
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 57
​ | ​ | ​
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 58
​ | ​ | ​
Item 5. | Other Information | 58
​ | ​ | ​
Item 6. | Exhibits | 58

​

​

​

2

Table of Contents

PART I –FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands, except for share data)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | (Unaudited) |  | ​
​ |  | September 30, |  | December 31,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023*
ASSETS: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Cash and due from banks | ​ | $ | 65,109 | ​ | $ | 61,586
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | ​ |  | 125,298 | ​ |  | 233,237
Federal funds sold | ​ |  | 2,507 | ​ |  | 57,448
Total cash and cash equivalents | ​ |  | 192,914 | ​ |  | 352,271
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value | ​ |  | 501,336 | ​ |  | 408,410
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost | ​ | ​ | 127,779 | ​ | ​ | 281,236
Other investments | ​ |  | 20,352 | ​ |  | 13,662
Loans held for sale | ​ |  | 5,804 | ​ |  | 4,418
Loans and leases | ​ |  | 3,717,478 | ​ |  | 3,444,462
Less: Allowance for credit losses | ​ |  | (35,609) | ​ |  | (35,066)
Loans and leases, net | ​ |  | 3,681,869 | ​ |  | 3,409,396
Premises and equipment, net | ​ |  | 91,055 | ​ |  | 92,963
Other real estate owned | ​ |  | 179 | ​ |  | 517
Goodwill and other intangibles, net | ​ |  | 105,324 | ​ |  | 107,148
Bank owned life insurance | ​ |  | 105,025 | ​ |  | 83,434
Other assets | ​ |  | 77,297 | ​ |  | 75,932
Total assets | ​ | $ | 4,908,934 | ​ | $ | 4,829,387
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Deposits: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand | ​ | $ | 863,949 | ​ | $ | 898,044
Interest-bearing demand | ​ |  | 834,207 | ​ |  | 1,006,915
Money market and savings | ​ |  | 1,854,777 | ​ |  | 1,812,427
Time deposits | ​ |  | 769,558 | ​ |  | 550,468
Total deposits | ​ |  | 4,322,491 | ​ |  | 4,267,854
Borrowings | ​ |  | 8,997 | ​ |  | 13,078
Subordinated debt | ​ |  | 39,663 | ​ |  | 42,099
Other liabilities | ​ |  | 48,760 | ​ |  | 46,470
Total liabilities | ​ |  | 4,419,911 | ​ |  | 4,369,501
Commitments and contingent liabilities - see Note 8 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Shareholders' equity: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Preferred stock, $1 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; No shares issued and outstanding | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Common stock, $1 par value; 40,000,000 shares authorized; 16,926,374 and 16,988,879 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | ​ |  | 16,926 | ​ |  | 16,989
Additional paid-in capital | ​ |  | 293,909 | ​ |  | 295,699
Retained earnings | ​ |  | 195,537 | ​ |  | 173,105
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | (17,349) | ​ |  | (25,907)
Total shareholders' equity | ​ |  | 489,023 | ​ |  | 459,886
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | ​ | $ | 4,908,934 | ​ | $ | 4,829,387

​

* Derived from audited financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

​

3

Table of Contents

SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Interest income: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Loans and leases, including fees | ​ | $ | 54,738 | ​ | $ | 47,539 | ​ | $ | 155,611 | ​ | $ | 137,712
Securities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  |
Taxable | ​ |  | 5,233 | ​ |  | 4,335 | ​ |  | 15,101 | ​ |  | 12,322
Tax-exempt | ​ |  | 350 | ​ |  | 356 | ​ |  | 1,056 | ​ |  | 1,066
Federal funds sold and other earning assets | ​ |  | 3,635 | ​ |  | 3,045 | ​ |  | 13,255 | ​ |  | 9,448
Total interest income | ​ |  | 63,956 | ​ |  | 55,275 | ​ |  | 185,023 | ​ |  | 160,548
Interest expense: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Deposits | ​ |  | 27,350 | ​ |  | 23,433 | ​ |  | 81,824 | ​ |  | 59,333
Borrowings | ​ |  | 709 | ​ |  | 210 | ​ |  | 985 | ​ |  | 775
Subordinated debt | ​ |  | 865 | ​ |  | 626 | ​ |  | 2,647 | ​ |  | 1,877
Total interest expense | ​ |  | 28,924 | ​ |  | 24,269 | ​ |  | 85,456 | ​ |  | 61,985
Net interest income | ​ |  | 35,032 | ​ |  | 31,006 | ​ |  | 99,567 | ​ |  | 98,563
Provision for credit losses | ​ |  | 2,575 | ​ |  | 795 | ​ |  | 3,018 | ​ |  | 1,458
Net interest income after provision for credit losses | ​ |  | 32,457 | ​ |  | 30,211 | ​ |  | 96,549 | ​ |  | 97,105
Noninterest income: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Service charges on deposit accounts | ​ | ​ | 1,780 | ​ | ​ | 1,736 | ​ | ​ | 5,084 | ​ | ​ | 4,838
Loss on sale of securities | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (6,801) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (6,801)
Mortgage banking | ​ |  | 410 | ​ |  | 309 | ​ |  | 1,038 | ​ |  | 813
Investment services | ​ |  | 1,881 | ​ |  | 1,461 | ​ |  | 4,563 | ​ |  | 3,766
Insurance commissions | ​ | ​ | 1,477 | ​ | ​ | 1,153 | ​ | ​ | 3,865 | ​ | ​ | 3,551
Interchange and debit card transaction fees, net | ​ | ​ | 1,349 | ​ | ​ | 1,357 | ​ | ​ | 3,945 | ​ | ​ | 4,087
Other | ​ |  | 2,242 | ​ |  | 1,476 | ​ |  | 6,627 | ​ |  | 4,492
Total noninterest income | ​ |  | 9,139 | ​ |  | 691 | ​ |  | 25,122 | ​ |  | 14,746
Noninterest expense: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | ​ |  | 18,448 | ​ |  | 16,785 | ​ |  | 52,348 | ​ |  | 49,474
Occupancy and equipment | ​ |  | 3,423 | ​ |  | 3,547 | ​ |  | 10,144 | ​ |  | 10,073
FDIC insurance | ​ |  | 825 | ​ |  | 825 | ​ |  | 2,565 | ​ |  | 2,241
Other real estate and loan related expense | ​ |  | 460 | ​ |  | 603 | ​ |  | 1,582 | ​ |  | 1,616
Advertising and marketing | ​ |  | 327 | ​ |  | 346 | ​ |  | 924 | ​ |  | 1,006
Data processing and technology | ​ |  | 2,519 | ​ |  | 2,378 | ​ |  | 7,435 | ​ |  | 6,777
Professional services | ​ |  | 1,201 | ​ |  | 735 | ​ |  | 3,190 | ​ |  | 2,307
Amortization of intangibles | ​ |  | 604 | ​ |  | 647 | ​ |  | 1,824 | ​ |  | 1,981
Merger related and restructuring expenses | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 110 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 110
Other | ​ |  | 3,039 | ​ |  | 2,540 | ​ |  | 8,587 | ​ |  | 7,870
Total noninterest expense | ​ |  | 30,846 | ​ |  | 28,516 | ​ |  | 88,599 | ​ |  | 83,455
Income before income tax expense | ​ |  | 10,750 | ​ |  | 2,386 | ​ |  | 33,072 | ​ |  | 28,396
Income tax expense | ​ |  | 1,610 | ​ |  | 319 | ​ |  | 6,572 | ​ |  | 5,993
Net income | ​ | $ | 9,140 | ​ | $ | 2,067 | ​ | $ | 26,500 | ​ | $ | 22,403
Earnings per common share: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Basic | ​ | $ | 0.55 | ​ | $ | 0.12 | ​ | $ | 1.58 | ​ | $ | 1.33
Diluted | ​ | $ | 0.54 | ​ | $ | 0.12 | ​ | $ | 1.57 | ​ | $ | 1.33
Weighted average common shares outstanding: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Basic | ​ |  | 16,726,658 | ​ |  | 16,807,548 | ​ |  | 16,782,200 | ​ |  | 16,801,840
Diluted | ​ |  | 16,839,998 | ​ |  | 16,918,635 | ​ |  | 16,874,316 | ​ |  | 16,907,325

​

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

​

4

Table of Contents

SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 |  | 2023
Net income | ​ | $ | 9,140 | ​ | $ | 2,067 | ​ | $ | 26,500 | ​ | $ | 22,403
Other comprehensive income (loss): | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Investment securities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale | ​ |  | 12,193 | ​ |  | (5,830) | ​ |  | 11,084 | ​ |  | (5,178)
Tax effect | ​ |  | (3,150) | ​ |  | 1,505 | ​ |  | (2,863) | ​ |  | 1,337
Amortization of unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity | ​ | ​ | 33 | ​ | ​ | 37 | ​ | ​ | 101 | ​ | ​ | 115
Tax effect | ​ | ​ | (8) | ​ | ​ | (10) | ​ | ​ | (26) | ​ | ​ | (30)
Reclassification adjustment for realized losses (gains) included in net income | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 6,801 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 6,801
Tax effect | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (1,757) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (1,757)
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale, net of tax | ​ |  | 9,068 | ​ |  | 746 | ​ |  | 8,296 | ​ |  | 1,288
Fair value hedging activities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Unrealized gains (losses) on fair value municipal security hedges | ​ |  | (928) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (30) | ​ |  | —
Tax effect | ​ |  | 239 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 8 | ​ |  | —
Reclassification adjustment for realized losses (gains) included in net income | ​ | ​ | (142) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (391) | ​ | ​ | —
Tax effect | ​ | ​ | 38 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 102 | ​ | ​ | —
Unrealized gains (losses) on fair value hedged instruments arising during the period, net of tax | ​ |  | (793) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (311) | ​ |  | —
Cash flow hedging activities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges | ​ | ​ | 258 | ​ | ​ | 139 | ​ | ​ | 886 | ​ | ​ | (273)
Tax effect | ​ | ​ | (68) | ​ | ​ | (36) | ​ | ​ | (229) | ​ | ​ | 71
Reclassification adjustment for realized losses (gains) included in net income | ​ | ​ | (24) | ​ | ​ | 16 | ​ | ​ | (114) | ​ | ​ | 110
Tax effect | ​ | ​ | 8 | ​ | ​ | (4) | ​ | ​ | 30 | ​ | ​ | (28)
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedge instruments arising during the period, net of tax | ​ | ​ | 174 | ​ | ​ | 115 | ​ | ​ | 573 | ​ | ​ | (120)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total other comprehensive income | ​ |  | 8,449 | ​ |  | 861 | ​ |  | 8,558 | ​ |  | 1,168
Comprehensive income | ​ | $ | 17,589 | ​ | $ | 2,928 | ​ | $ | 35,058 | ​ | $ | 23,571

​

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

​

5

Table of Contents

SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY – (Unaudited)

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

(Dollars in thousands, except for share data)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Accumulated |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Other | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Common Stock |  | Additional |  | Retained |  | Comprehensive |  | ​
​ | ​ | Shares | ​ | Amount | ​ | Paid-in Capital | ​ | Earnings |  | Income (Loss) | ​ | Total
Balance, December 31, 2022 |  | 16,900,805 | ​ | $ | 16,901 | ​ | $ | 294,330 | ​ | $ | 156,545 | ​ | $ | (35,324) | ​ | $ | 432,452
Cumulative effect adjustment for adoption of ASU 2016-13, net of tax | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (6,606) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (6,606)
Balance, January 1, 2023, adjusted | ​ | 16,900,805 | ​ | ​ | 16,901 | ​ | ​ | 294,330 | ​ | ​ | 149,939 | ​ | ​ | (35,324) | ​ | ​ | 425,846
Net income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 22,403 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 22,403
Other comprehensive income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,168 | ​ |  | 1,168
Common stock issued pursuant to: |  | ​ | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​
Stock options exercised |  | 15,705 | ​ |  | 16 | ​ |  | 149 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 165
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures | ​ | 79,670 | ​ | ​ | 80 | ​ | ​ | (80) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Restricted stock withheld for taxes | ​ | (1,637) | ​ | ​ | (2) | ​ | ​ | (33) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (35)
Stock compensation expense |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,176 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,176
Common stock dividend ($0.24 per share) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (4,071) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (4,071)
Balance, September 30, 2023 |  | 16,994,543 | ​ | $ | 16,995 | ​ | $ | 295,542 | ​ | $ | 168,271 | ​ | $ | (34,156) | ​ | $ | 446,652
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Balance, December 31, 2023 | ​ | 16,988,879 | ​ | $ | 16,989 | ​ | $ | 295,699 | ​ | $ | 173,105 | ​ | $ | (25,907) | ​ | $ | 459,886
Net income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 26,500 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 26,500
Other comprehensive income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 8,558 | ​ |  | 8,558
Common stock issued pursuant to: |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​
Stock options exercised |  | 6,192 | ​ |  | 6 | ​ |  | 62 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 68
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures |  | 78,757 | ​ |  | 79 | ​ |  | (79) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Restricted stock withheld for taxes | ​ | (11,259) | ​ | ​ | (12) | ​ | ​ | (208) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (220)
Stock compensation expense |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,266 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,266
Common stock dividend ($0.24 per share) |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (4,068) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (4,068)
Repurchases of common stock | ​ | (136,195) | ​ | ​ | (136) | ​ | ​ | (2,831) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (2,967)
Balance, September 30, 2024 |  | 16,926,374 | ​ | $ | 16,926 | ​ | $ | 293,909 | ​ | $ | 195,537 | ​ | $ | (17,349) | ​ | $ | 489,023
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Balance, June 30, 2023 |  | 17,004,092 | ​ | $ | 17,004 | ​ | $ | 295,296 | ​ | $ | 167,564 | ​ | $ | (35,017) | ​ | $ | 444,847
Net income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,067 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,067
Other comprehensive income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 861 | ​ |  | 861
Common stock issued pursuant to: |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures |  | (7,912) | ​ |  | (7) | ​ |  | 7 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Restricted stock withheld for taxes | ​ | (1,637) | ​ | ​ | (2) | ​ | ​ | (33) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (35)
Stock compensation expense |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 272 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 272
Common stock dividend ($0.08 per share) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (1,360) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (1,360)
Balance, September 30, 2023 |  | 16,994,543 | ​ | $ | 16,995 | ​ | $ | 295,542 | ​ | $ | 168,271 | ​ | $ | (34,156) | ​ | $ | 446,652
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Balance, June 30, 2024 |  | 16,925,902 | ​ | $ | 16,926 | ​ | $ | 293,586 | ​ | $ | 187,751 | ​ | $ | (25,798) | ​ | $ | 472,465
Net income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 9,140 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 9,140
Other comprehensive income |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 8,449 | ​ |  | 8,449
Common stock issued pursuant to: |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Stock options exercised |  | 1,692 | ​ |  | 2 | ​ |  | 24 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 26
Restricted stock, net of forfeitures |  | 4,000 | ​ |  | 4 | ​ |  | (4) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Restricted stock withheld for taxes | ​ | (5,220) | ​ | ​ | (6) | ​ | ​ | (69) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (75)
Stock compensation expense |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 372 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 372
Common stock dividends ($0.08 per share) |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (1,354) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (1,354)
Balance, September 30, 2024 |  | 16,926,374 | ​ | $ | 16,926 | ​ | $ | 293,909 | ​ | $ | 195,537 | ​ | $ | (17,349) | ​ | $ | 489,023

​

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

​

6

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Cash flows from operating activities: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Net income | ​ | $ | 26,500 | ​ | $ | 22,403
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  |
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | 6,900 | ​ |  | 8,372
Amortization of intangible assets | ​ | ​ | 1,824 | ​ | ​ | 1,981
Provision for credit losses | ​ |  | 3,018 | ​ |  | 1,458
Stock compensation expense | ​ |  | 1,266 | ​ |  | 1,176
Loss on sale of securities available-for-sale | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 6,801
Deferred income tax expense | ​ |  | 628 | ​ |  | 1,801
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance | ​ |  | (1,591) | ​ |  | (1,445)
Net losses from sale and write-downs of other real estate owned and other repossessed assets | ​ |  | 569 | ​ |  | 12
Net gains from mortgage banking | ​ |  | (950) | ​ |  | (813)
Origination of loans held for sale | ​ |  | (41,010) | ​ |  | (28,585)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale | ​ |  | 40,574 | ​ |  | 28,416
Net (gain) loss from sale/disposal of fixed assets | ​ | ​ | (1,647) | ​ | ​ | 56
Net change in: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Accrued interest receivable | ​ |  | (198) | ​ |  | (919)
Accrued interest payable | ​ |  | 250 | ​ |  | 1,458
Other assets | ​ |  | 3,361 | ​ |  | (11,885)
Other liabilities | ​ |  | (3,478) | ​ |  | (2,278)
Net cash provided by operating activities | ​ |  | 36,016 | ​ |  | 28,009
Cash flows from investing activities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Available-for-sale: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Proceeds from sales | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 152,775
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns | ​ |  | 36,816 | ​ |  | 32,404
Purchases | ​ | ​ | (119,935) | ​ | ​ | (94,424)
Held-to-maturity: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns | ​ | ​ | 151,881 | ​ | ​ | 1,986
Proceeds from sales of other investments | ​ | ​ | 348 | ​ | ​ | 2,669
Purchases of other investments | ​ |  | (7,407) | ​ |  | (944)
Purchases of bank-owned life insurance | ​ | ​ | (20,000) | ​ | ​ | —
Net increase in loans and leases | ​ |  | (279,709) | ​ |  | (148,006)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets | ​ | ​ | 4,698 | ​ | ​ | 633
Purchases of premises and equipment | ​ |  | (5,072) | ​ |  | (4,016)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned and other repossessed assets | ​ |  | 2,083 | ​ |  | 326
Net cash used in investing activities | ​ |  | (236,297) | ​ |  | (56,597)
Cash flows from financing activities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Net increase in deposits | ​ |  | 54,693 | ​ |  | 169,521
Net (decrease) increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase | ​ |  | (1,082) | ​ |  | 1,342
Proceeds from borrowings | ​ |  | 155,000 | ​ |  | 26,000
Repayment of borrowings | ​ | ​ | (160,500) | ​ | ​ | (30,500)
Cash dividends paid | ​ |  | (4,068) | ​ |  | (4,071)
Issuance of common stock | ​ |  | 68 | ​ |  | 165
Restricted shares withheld for taxes | ​ | ​ | (220) | ​ | ​ | (35)
Repurchases of common stock | ​ |  | (2,967) | ​ |  | —
Net cash provided by financing activities | ​ |  | 40,924 | ​ |  | 162,422
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | ​ |  | (159,357) | ​ |  | 133,834
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | ​ |  | 352,271 | ​ |  | 266,424
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | ​ | $ | 192,914 | ​ | $ | 400,258
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Cash paid during the period for interest | ​ | $ | 85,207 | ​ | $ | 60,437
Net cash paid during the period for income taxes | ​ |  | 6,724 | ​ |  | 9,406
Noncash investing and financing activities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Recognition of operating lease assets in exchange for lease liabilities | ​ | ​ | 2,959 | ​ | ​ | 1,751
Acquisition of real estate through foreclosure | ​ |  | 179 | ​ |  | 272
Acquisition of other repossessed assets | ​ | ​ | 3,896 | ​ | ​ | —
Financed sales of other repossessed assets | ​ | ​ | 618 | ​ | ​ | —

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

​

​

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

Note 1. Presentation of Financial Information

Nature of Business:

SmartFinancial, Inc. (the “Company,” “SmartFinancial,” “we,” “our” or “us”) is a bank holding company whose principal activity is the ownership and management of its wholly owned subsidiary, SmartBank (the “Bank”). The Company provides a variety of financial services to individuals and corporate customers through its offices in East and Middle Tennessee, Alabama, and Florida. The Bank’s primary deposit products are noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing demand deposits, savings and money market deposits, and time deposits. Its primary lending products are commercial, residential, and consumer loans.

Basis of Presentation and Accounting Estimates:

The accounting and financial reporting policies of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and reporting guidelines of banking regulatory authorities and regulators. The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements for the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary have not been audited. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

In management’s opinion, all accounting adjustments necessary to accurately reflect the financial position and results of operations on the accompanying financial statements have been made. These adjustments are normal and recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair and accurate presentation. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses, the valuation of foreclosed assets and deferred taxes, the fair value of financial instruments, goodwill, and the fair value of assets acquired, and liabilities assumed in acquisitions. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year or any other interim periods. The following unaudited condensed financial statement notes have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures made are adequate to make the information not misleading. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements:

In June 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions, which clarifies that a contractual sale restriction should not be considered in measuring fair value. It also requires entities with investments in equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions to disclose certain qualitative and quantitative information about such securities. The guidance is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. All other entities have an extra year to adopt; early adoption is permitted. ASU 2022-03 did not have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

​

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-01, “Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements.” ASU 2023-01 requires entities to amortize leasehold improvements associated with common control leases over the useful life to the common control group. ASU 2023-01 also provides certain practical expedients applicable to private companies and not-for-profit organizations. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. ASU 2023-01 did not have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-02, “Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method.” ASU 2023-02 is intended to improve the accounting and disclosures for investments in tax credit structures. ASU 2023-02 allows entities to elect to account for qualifying tax equity investments using the proportional amortization method, regardless of the

8

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

program giving rise to the related income tax credits. Previously, this method was only available for qualifying tax equity investments in low-income housing tax credit structures. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. ASU 2023-02 did not have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently Issued Not Yet Effective Accounting Pronouncements:

During interim periods, the Company follows the accounting policies set forth in its annual audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC. The following is a summary of recent authoritative pronouncements issued but not yet effective that could impact the accounting, reporting, and/or disclosure of financial information by the Company.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” ASU 2023-07 expands segment disclosure requirements for public entities to require disclosure of significant segment expenses and other segment items on an annual and interim basis and to provide in interim periods all disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets that are currently required annually. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is assessing ASU 2023-07, and its adoption is not expected to have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

​

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” ASU 2023-09 requires public business entities to disclose in their rate reconciliation table additional categories of information about federal, state and foreign income taxes and to provide more details about the reconciling items in certain categories if items meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 also requires all entities to disclose income taxes paid, net of refunds, disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes for annual periods and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold, among other things. The guidance is effective for us for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, though early adoption is permitted. The Company is assessing ASU 2023-09, and its adoption is not expected to have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

​

In March 2024, the SEC adopted the final rule under SEC Release No. 33-11275, “The Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors”. This rule will require registrants to disclose certain climate-related information in registration statements and annual reports. Subsequent to adoption, a number of businesses and business groups filed petitions seeking a judicial review of the final rule, asserting that the SEC does not have the authority to promulgate it. In April 2024, the SEC issued an order staying its final rule pending completion of the judicial review of certain petitions consolidated in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. The Company will continue to monitor the outcome of this judicial review.

​

​

​

Note 2. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and dilutive common share equivalents using the treasury stock method. Dilutive common share equivalents include common shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and restricted stock. The effect from the stock options and restricted stock on incremental shares from the assumed conversions for net income per share-basic and net income per share-diluted are

9

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

presented below. There were no antidilutive shares for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023, respectively.

​

The following is a summary of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 |  | 2023 | ​ | 2024 |  | 2023
Basic earnings per share computation: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Net income available to common shareholders | ​ | $ | 9,140 | ​ | $ | 2,067 | ​ | $ | 26,500 | ​ | $ | 22,403
Average common shares outstanding – basic | ​ |  | 16,726,658 | ​ |  | 16,807,548 | ​ |  | 16,782,200 | ​ |  | 16,801,840
Basic earnings per share | ​ | $ | 0.55 | ​ | $ | 0.12 | ​ | $ | 1.58 | ​ | $ | 1.33
Diluted earnings per share computation: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Net income available to common shareholders | ​ | $ | 9,140 | ​ | $ | 2,067 | ​ | $ | 26,500 | ​ | $ | 22,403
Average common shares outstanding – basic | ​ |  | 16,726,658 | ​ |  | 16,807,548 | ​ |  | 16,782,200 | ​ |  | 16,801,840
Incremental shares from assumed conversions: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Stock options and restricted stock | ​ |  | 113,340 | ​ |  | 111,087 | ​ |  | 92,116 | ​ |  | 105,485
Average common shares outstanding - diluted | ​ |  | 16,839,998 | ​ |  | 16,918,635 | ​ |  | 16,874,316 | ​ |  | 16,907,325
Diluted earnings per common share | ​ | $ | 0.54 | ​ | $ | 0.12 | ​ | $ | 1.57 | ​ | $ | 1.33

​

​

Note 3. Securities

Available-for-sale securities (“AFS”), which include any security for which the Company has no immediate plan to sell, but which may be sold in the future, are carried at fair value. Realized gains and losses, based on specifically identified amortized cost of the individual security, are included in other income. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded, net of related income tax effects, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Premiums and discounts are amortized and accreted, respectively, to interest income using the constant effective yield method over the estimated life of the security. Prepayments are anticipated for mortgage-backed and Small Business Administration (“SBA”) securities. Premiums on callable securities are amortized to their earliest call date.

​

Held-to-maturity securities (“HTM”), which include any security for which the Company has both the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity, are carried at historical cost adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Premiums and discounts are amortized and accreted, respectively, to interest income using the constant effective yield method over the security’s estimated life. Prepayments are anticipated for mortgage-backed and SBA securities. Premiums on callable securities are amortized to their earliest call date.

​

​

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of securities AFS and HTM are summarized as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross |  | Gross |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Amortized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Fair
Available-for-sale: | ​ | Cost | ​ | Gains | ​ | Losses | ​ | Value
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | 83,576 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (5,665) | ​ | $ | 77,911
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | 41,964 | ​ | ​ | 710 | ​ | ​ | (108) | ​ | ​ | 42,566
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 18,319 | ​ |  | 78 | ​ |  | (300) | ​ |  | 18,097
Other debt securities | ​ |  | 42,254 | ​ |  | 243 | ​ |  | (2,265) | ​ |  | 40,232
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 337,205 | ​ |  | 2,886 | ​ |  | (17,561) | ​ |  | 322,530
Total | ​ | $ | 523,318 | ​ | $ | 3,917 | ​ | $ | (25,899) | ​ | $ | 501,336

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross |  | Gross |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Amortized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Fair
Held-to-maturity: | ​ | Cost | ​ | Gains | ​ | Losses | ​ | Value
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | $ | 48,423 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (5,643) | ​ | $ | 42,780
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 51,913 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (5,779) | ​ |  | 46,134
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 27,443 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (3,090) | ​ |  | 24,353
Total | ​ | $ | 127,779 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (14,512) | ​ | $ | 113,267

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross |  | Gross |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Amortized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Fair
Available-for-sale: | ​ | Cost | ​ | Gains | ​ | Losses | ​ | Value
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | 84,307 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (8,274) | ​ | $ | 76,033
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | 46,983 | ​ | ​ | 1,256 | ​ | ​ | (146) | ​ | ​ | 48,093
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 18,616 | ​ |  | 135 | ​ |  | (475) | ​ |  | 18,276
Other debt securities | ​ |  | 36,863 | ​ |  | 93 | ​ |  | (3,887) | ​ |  | 33,069
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 254,288 | ​ |  | 588 | ​ |  | (21,937) | ​ |  | 232,939
Total | ​ | $ | 441,057 | ​ | $ | 2,072 | ​ | $ | (34,719) | ​ | $ | 408,410

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross |  | Gross |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Amortized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | Fair
Held-to-maturity: | ​ | Cost | ​ | Gains | ​ | Losses | ​ | Value
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | 150,066 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (1,482) | ​ | $ | 148,584
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | 49,336 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (7,143) | ​ | ​ | 42,193
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 52,680 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (6,178) | ​ |  | 46,502
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 29,154 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (3,895) | ​ |  | 25,259
Total | ​ | $ | 281,236 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (18,698) | ​ | $ | 262,538

​

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, securities with a carrying value totaling approximately $452.5 million and $358.3 million, respectively, were pledged to secure public funds and securities sold under agreements to repurchase.

​

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, there were no gross gains or gross losses related to the sale of investment securities. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded gross losses of $6.8 million related to the sale of securities.

​

11

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities at September 30, 2024, by contractual maturity for non-mortgage-backed securities are shown below (in thousands). Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024
​ |  | Amortized |  | Fair
Available-for-sale: | ​ | Cost | ​ | Value
Due in one year or less | ​ | $ | 1,478 | ​ | $ | 1,451
Due from one year to five years | ​ |  | 94,342 | ​ |  | 88,500
Due from five years to ten years | ​ |  | 81,054 | ​ |  | 79,751
Due after ten years | ​ |  | 9,239 | ​ |  | 9,104
​ | ​ |  | 186,113 | ​ |  | 178,806
Mortgage-backed securities | ​ |  | 337,205 | ​ |  | 322,530
Total | ​ | $ | 523,318 | ​ | $ | 501,336
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Held-to-maturity: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Due in one year or less | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | —
Due from one year to five years | ​ |  | 736 | ​ |  | 706
Due from five years to ten years | ​ |  | 50,443 | ​ |  | 44,997
Due after ten years | ​ |  | 49,157 | ​ |  | 43,211
​ | ​ |  | 100,336 | ​ |  | 88,914
Mortgage-backed securities | ​ |  | 27,443 | ​ |  | 24,353
Total | ​ | $ | 127,779 | ​ | $ | 113,267

​

The following tables present the gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities AFS and HTM have been in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024
​ | ​ | Less than 12 Months | ​ | 12 Months or Greater | ​ | Total
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number
​ | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of
Available-for-sale: | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | 77,911 | ​ | $ | (5,665) | ​ | 9 | ​ | $ | 77,911 | ​ | $ | (5,665) | ​ | 9
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | 5,494 | ​ | ​ | (9) | ​ | 2 | ​ | ​ | 5,217 | ​ | ​ | (99) | ​ | 4 | ​ | ​ | 10,711 | ​ | ​ | (108) | ​ | 6
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 546 | ​ |  | (2) | ​ | 1 | ​ |  | 11,582 | ​ |  | (298) | ​ | 17 | ​ |  | 12,128 | ​ |  | (300) | ​ | 18
Other debt securities | ​ |  | 5,340 | ​ |  | (36) | ​ | 3 | ​ |  | 28,687 | ​ |  | (2,229) | ​ | 25 | ​ |  | 34,027 | ​ |  | (2,265) | ​ | 28
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 44,736 | ​ |  | (1,185) | ​ | 20 | ​ |  | 171,441 | ​ |  | (16,376) | ​ | 83 | ​ |  | 216,177 | ​ |  | (17,561) | ​ | 103
Total | ​ | $ | 56,116 | ​ | $ | (1,232) | ​ | 26 | ​ | $ | 294,838 | ​ | $ | (24,667) | ​ | 138 | ​ | $ | 350,954 | ​ | $ | (25,899) | ​ | 164
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024
​ | ​ | Less than 12 Months | ​ | 12 Months or Greater | ​ | Total
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number
​ | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of
Held-to-maturity: | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | 42,780 | ​ | $ | (5,643) | ​ | 13 | ​ | $ | 42,780 | ​ | $ | (5,643) | ​ | 13
Municipal securities | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | — | ​ |  | 46,134 | ​ |  | (5,779) | ​ | 35 | ​ |  | 46,134 | ​ |  | (5,779) | ​ | 35
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | — | ​ |  | 24,353 | ​ |  | (3,090) | ​ | 5 | ​ |  | 24,353 | ​ |  | (3,090) | ​ | 5
Total | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | 113,267 | ​ | $ | (14,512) | ​ | 53 | ​ | $ | 113,267 | ​ | $ | (14,512) | ​ | 53

​

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ | ​ | Less than 12 Months | ​ | 12 Months or Greater | ​ | Total
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number
​ | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of
Available-for-sale: | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | 76,033 | ​ | $ | (8,274) | ​ | 9 | ​ | $ | 76,033 | ​ | $ | (8,274) | ​ | 9
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | 9,743 | ​ | ​ | (137) | ​ | 3 | ​ | ​ | 1,482 | ​ | ​ | (9) | ​ | 3 | ​ | ​ | 11,225 | ​ | ​ | (146) | ​ | 6
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 2,786 | ​ |  | (2) | ​ | 2 | ​ |  | 9,849 | ​ |  | (473) | ​ | 17 | ​ |  | 12,635 | ​ |  | (475) | ​ | 19
Other debt securities | ​ |  | 2,986 | ​ |  | (17) | ​ | 2 | ​ |  | 29,057 | ​ |  | (3,870) | ​ | 26 | ​ |  | 32,043 | ​ |  | (3,887) | ​ | 28
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 16,401 | ​ |  | (229) | ​ | 8 | ​ |  | 176,351 | ​ |  | (21,708) | ​ | 88 | ​ |  | 192,752 | ​ |  | (21,937) | ​ | 96
Total | ​ | $ | 31,916 | ​ | $ | (385) | ​ | 15 | ​ | $ | 292,772 | ​ | $ | (34,334) | ​ | 143 | ​ | $ | 324,688 | ​ | $ | (34,719) | ​ | 158
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ | ​ | Less than 12 Months | ​ | 12 Months or Greater | ​ | Total
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number |  | ​ | ​ |  | Gross | ​ | Number
​ | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of | ​ | Fair | ​ | Unrealized | ​ | of
Held-to-maturity: | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities | ​ | Value | ​ | Losses | ​ | Securities
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | 148,584 | ​ | $ | (1,482) | ​ | 4 | ​ | $ | 148,584 | ​ | $ | (1,482) | ​ | 4
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 42,194 | ​ | ​ | (7,143) | ​ | 13 | ​ | ​ | 42,194 | ​ | ​ | (7,143) | ​ | 13
Municipal securities | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | — | ​ |  | 46,500 | ​ |  | (6,178) | ​ | 35 | ​ |  | 46,500 | ​ |  | (6,178) | ​ | 35
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | — | ​ |  | 25,258 | ​ |  | (3,895) | ​ | 5 | ​ |  | 25,258 | ​ |  | (3,895) | ​ | 5
Total | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | 262,536 | ​ | $ | (18,698) | ​ | 57 | ​ | $ | 262,536 | ​ | $ | (18,698) | ​ | 57

​

For any securities classified as available-for-sale that are in an unrealized loss position at the balance sheet date, the Company assesses whether it intends to sell the security, or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis which would require a write-down to fair value through net income. Because the Company currently does not intend to sell those available-for-sale securities that have an unrealized loss at September 30, 2024, and it is not likely that they we will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity, the Company has determined that no write-down is necessary. In addition, the Company evaluates whether any portion of the decline in fair value of available-for-sale securities is the result of credit deterioration, which would require the recognition of an allowance for credit losses. The unrealized losses associated with available-for-sale securities at September 30, 2024, are driven by changes in interest rates and are not due to the credit quality of the securities, and accordingly, no allowance for credit losses is considered necessary related to available-for-sale securities at September 30, 2024. Management evaluates the financial performance of the issuers on a quarterly basis to determine if it is probable that the issuers can make all contractual principal and interest payments.

​

The unrealized losses in the Company’s held-to-maturity portfolio were caused by changes in the interest rate environment. The Company has a zero-loss expectation for its U.S. Treasury securities in addition to U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) and mortgage-backed securities (GSEs), and accordingly, no allowance for credit losses is estimated for these securities. The held-to-maturity state and municipal securities are general obligation bonds, which have a very low historical default rate due to issuers generally having unlimited taxing authority to service the debt. All debt securities in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2024, continue to perform as scheduled and we do not believe an allowance for credit losses is necessary.

​

The Company utilizes bond credit ratings assigned by third party ratings agencies to monitor the credit quality of debt securities held-to-maturity. At September 30, 2024, all debt securities classified as held-to-maturity were rated AA- or higher by the ratings agencies. Updated credit ratings are obtained as they become available from the ratings agencies.

​

Allowance for Credit Losses (“ACL”)

There were no past due or nonaccrual AFS or HTM securities at September 30, 2024, or December 31, 2023. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from the estimate of credit losses and based on the analysis of the underlying risk

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characteristics of its AFS and HTM portfolios, including credit ratings and other qualitative factors, there was no provision for credit losses related to AFS or HTM securities recorded during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively, because the ACL was deemed immaterial.

Other Investments:

Our other investments consist of restricted non-marketable equity securities that have no readily determinable market value. Accordingly, when evaluating these securities for impairment, management considers the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than recognizing temporary declines in value. As of September 30, 2024, the Company determined that there was no impairment on its other investment securities.

The following is the amortized cost and carrying value of other investments (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Federal Reserve Bank stock | ​ | $ | 9,184 |  | $ | 9,526
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | ​ |  | 10,818 |  | ​ | 3,786
First National Bankers Bank stock | ​ |  | 350 |  | ​ | 350
Total | ​ | $ | 20,352 | ​ | $ | 13,662

​

​

Note 4. Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses

Portfolio Segmentation:

Major categories of loans and leases are summarized as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 1,899,785 | ​ | $ | 1,739,205
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 690,504 | ​ |  | 649,867
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 315,006 | ​ |  | 327,185
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 731,600 | ​ |  | 645,918
Leases | ​ | ​ | 67,052 | ​ | ​ | 68,752
Consumer and other | ​ |  | 13,531 | ​ |  | 13,535
Total loans and leases | ​ |  | 3,717,478 | ​ |  | 3,444,462
Less: Allowance for credit losses | ​ |  | (35,609) | ​ |  | (35,066)
Loans and leases, net | ​ | $ | 3,681,869 | ​ | $ | 3,409,396

​

The loan and lease portfolio is disaggregated into segments. There are six loan and lease portfolio segments which include commercial real estate, consumer real estate, construction and land development, commercial and industrial, leases, and consumer and other.

The following describe risk characteristics relevant to each of the portfolio segments:

Commercial Real Estate: Commercial real estate loans include owner-occupied commercial real estate loans and loans secured by income-producing properties. Owner-occupied commercial real estate loans to operating businesses are long-term financing of land and buildings. These loans are repaid by cash flow generated from the business operation. Real estate loans for income-producing properties such as apartment buildings, office and industrial buildings, and retail shopping centers are repaid from rent income derived from the properties. Loans within this portfolio segment are particularly sensitive to the valuation of real estate.

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Consumer Real Estate: Consumer real estate loans include real estate loans secured by first liens, second liens, or open end real estate loans, such as home equity lines. These are repaid by various means such as a borrower’s income, sale of the property, or rental income derived from the property. Loans within this portfolio segment are particularly sensitive to the valuation of real estate.

Construction and Land Development: Loans for real estate construction and development are repaid through cash flow related to the operations, sale or refinance of the underlying property. This portfolio segment includes extensions of credit to real estate developers or investors where repayment is dependent on the sale of the real estate or income generated from the real estate collateral. Loans within this portfolio segment are particularly sensitive to the valuation of real estate.

Commercial and Industrial: The commercial and industrial loan portfolio segment includes commercial and financial loans. These loans include those loans to commercial customers for use in normal business operations to finance working capital needs, equipment purchases, or expansion projects. Loans are repaid by business cash flows. Collection risk in this portfolio is driven by the creditworthiness of the underlying borrower, particularly cash flows from the customers’ business operations.

Leases: The lease portfolio segment includes leases to small and mid-size companies for equipment financing leases. These leases are secured by a secured interest in the equipment being leased.

​

Consumer and Other: The consumer loan portfolio segment includes direct consumer installment loans, overdrafts and other revolving credit loans, and educational loans. Loans in this portfolio are sensitive to unemployment and other key consumer economic measures.

The following tables detail the changes in the allowance for credit losses by loan and lease classification (in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Construction | ​ | Commercial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Commercial | ​ | Real | ​ | and Land | ​ | and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Real Estate | ​ | Estate |  | Development | ​ | Industrial | ​ | Leases | ​ | and Other | ​ | Total
Beginning balance |  | $ | 15,630 |  | $ | 7,543 |  | $ | 3,496 |  | $ | 7,234 |  | $ | 670 |  | $ | 117 |  | $ | 34,690
Charged-off loans and leases | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (430) | ​ |  | (924) | ​ |  | (72) | ​ |  | (1,426)
Recoveries of charge-offs | ​ |  | 1 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 40 | ​ |  | 8 | ​ |  | 23 | ​ |  | 72
Provision charged to expense (1) | ​ |  | (57) | ​ |  | (14) | ​ |  | 222 | ​ |  | 785 | ​ |  | 1,291 | ​ |  | 46 | ​ |  | 2,273
Ending balance | ​ | $ | 15,574 | ​ | $ | 7,529 | ​ | $ | 3,718 | ​ | $ | 7,629 | ​ | $ | 1,045 | ​ | $ | 114 | ​ | $ | 35,609

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Construction | ​ | Commercial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Commercial | ​ | Real | ​ | and Land | ​ | and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Real Estate | ​ | Estate |  | Development | ​ | Industrial | ​ | Leases | ​ | and Other | ​ | Total
Beginning balance |  | $ | 14,314 |  | $ | 6,748 |  | $ | 5,446 |  | $ | 5,504 |  | $ | 586 |  | $ | 149 |  | $ | 32,747
Charged-off loans and leases | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (9) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (179) | ​ |  | (143) | ​ |  | (86) | ​ |  | (417)
Recoveries of charge-offs | ​ |  | 2 | ​ |  | 4 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 48 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 19 | ​ |  | 73
Provision charged to expense (2) | ​ |  | 691 | ​ |  | 413 | ​ |  | (369) | ​ |  | 307 | ​ |  | 201 | ​ |  | 41 | ​ |  | 1,284
Ending balance | ​ | $ | 15,007 | ​ | $ | 7,156 | ​ | $ | 5,077 | ​ | $ | 5,680 | ​ | $ | 644 | ​ | $ | 123 | ​ | $ | 33,687

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Construction | ​ | Commercial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Commercial | ​ | Real | ​ | and Land | ​ | and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Real Estate | ​ | Estate |  | Development | ​ | Industrial | ​ | Leases | ​ | and Other | ​ | Total
Beginning balance |  | $ | 15,264 |  | $ | 7,249 |  | $ | 4,874 |  | $ | 6,924 |  | $ | 640 |  | $ | 115 |  | $ | 35,066
Charged-off loans and leases | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (441) | ​ |  | (853) | ​ |  | (1,246) | ​ |  | (263) | ​ |  | (2,803)
Recoveries of charge-offs | ​ |  | 34 | ​ |  | 4 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 136 | ​ |  | 8 | ​ |  | 73 | ​ |  | 255
Provision charged to expense (1) | ​ |  | 276 | ​ |  | 276 | ​ |  | (715) | ​ |  | 1,422 | ​ |  | 1,643 | ​ |  | 189 | ​ |  | 3,091
Ending balance | ​ | $ | 15,574 | ​ | $ | 7,529 | ​ | $ | 3,718 | ​ | $ | 7,629 | ​ | $ | 1,045 | ​ | $ | 114 | ​ | $ | 35,609

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​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | Construction | ​ | Commercial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Commercial | ​ | Real | ​ | and Land | ​ | and | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Consumer | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Real Estate | ​ | Estate |  | Development | ​ | Industrial | ​ | Leases | ​ | and Other | ​ | Total
Beginning balance |  | $ | 10,821 |  | $ | 4,028 |  | $ | 3,059 |  | $ | 3,997 |  | $ | 1,293 |  | $ | 136 |  | $ | 23,334
Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13 | ​ | ​ | 879 | ​ | ​ | 1,952 | ​ | ​ | 2,145 | ​ | ​ | 1,451 | ​ | ​ | (683) | ​ | ​ | 13 | ​ | ​ | 5,757
Purchased credit-deteriorated gross up | ​ | ​ | 2,652 | ​ | ​ | 166 | ​ | ​ | 25 | ​ | ​ | 27 | ​ | ​ | 28 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 2,898
Charged-off loans and leases | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (9) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (387) | ​ |  | (211) | ​ |  | (332) | ​ |  | (939)
Recoveries of charge-offs | ​ |  | 5 | ​ |  | 13 | ​ |  | 25 | ​ |  | 153 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 187 | ​ |  | 383
Provision charged to expense (2) | ​ |  | 650 | ​ |  | 1,006 | ​ |  | (177) | ​ |  | 439 | ​ |  | 217 | ​ |  | 119 | ​ |  | 2,254
Ending balance | ​ | $ | 15,007 | ​ | $ | 7,156 | ​ | $ | 5,077 | ​ | $ | 5,680 | ​ | $ | 644 | ​ | $ | 123 | ​ | $ | 33,687

​

| (1) | In the provision expense in the consolidated statements of income there was a provision of $302 thousand and a release of $73 thousand unfunded commitments through the provision for credit losses not reflected in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

| (2) | In the provision expense in the consolidated statements of income was a release of $489 thousand and $796 thousand of unfunded commitments through the provision for credit losses not reflected in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

​

We maintain the allowance for credit losses at a level that we deem appropriate to adequately cover the expected credit loss in the loan and lease portfolio. Our provision for credit losses on loan and lease for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, is $2.3 million and $3.1 million, respectively, and $1.3 million and $2.3 million, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, our allowance for credit losses was $35.6 million and $35.1 million, respectively, which we deemed to be adequate at each of the respective dates. Our allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans and leases was 0.96% at September 30, 2024, and 1.02% at December 31, 2023.

​

A description of the general characteristics of the risk grades used by the Company is as follows:

Pass: Loans and leases in this risk category involve borrowers of acceptable-to-strong credit quality and risk who have the apparent ability to satisfy their loan and lease obligations. Loans and leases in this risk grade would possess sufficient mitigating factors, such as adequate collateral or strong guarantors possessing the capacity to repay the debt if required, for any weakness that may exist.

Watch: Loans and leases in this risk category involve borrowers that exhibit characteristics, or are operating under conditions that, if not successfully mitigated as planned, have a reasonable risk of resulting in a downgrade within the next six to twelve months. Loans and leases may remain in this risk category for six months and then are either upgraded or downgraded upon subsequent evaluation.

Special Mention: Loans and leases in this risk grade are the equivalent of the regulatory definition of “Other Assets Especially Mentioned” classification. Loans and leases in this category possess some credit deficiency or potential weakness, which requires a high level of management attention. Potential weaknesses include declining trends in operating earnings and cash flows and /or reliance on the secondary source of repayment. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in noticeable deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Company’s credit position.

Substandard: Loans and leases in this risk grade are inadequately protected by the borrower’s current financial condition and payment capability or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans and leases so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly repayment of debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful: Loans and leases in this risk grade have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or orderly repayment in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain

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important and reasonably specific factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the exposure, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined.

Uncollectible: Loans and leases in this risk grade are considered to be non-collectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This does not mean the loan or lease has absolutely no recovery value, but rather it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off the loan or lease, even though partial recovery may be obtained in the future. Charge-offs against the allowance for credit losses are taken in the period in which the loan or lease becomes uncollectible. Consequently, the Company typically does not maintain a recorded investment in loans or leases within this category.

The Company evaluates the loan risk grading system definitions and allowance for credit loss methodology on an ongoing basis.

​

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The following tables outline the amount of each loan and lease classification and the amount categorized into each risk rating based on year of origination as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | September 30, 2024
​ | Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Revolving | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Revolving | ​ | Converted | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021 | ​ | 2020 | ​ | Prior | ​ | Loans | ​ | to Term | ​ | Total
Commercial real estate | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | $ | 236,517 | ​ | $ | 264,292 | ​ | $ | 599,952 | ​ | $ | 392,605 | ​ | $ | 158,693 | ​ | $ | 200,108 | ​ | $ | 14,092 | ​ | $ | 899 | ​ | $ | 1,867,158
Watch | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 7,293 | ​ | ​ | 5,192 | ​ | ​ | 1,883 | ​ | ​ | 2,600 | ​ | ​ | 6,911 | ​ | ​ | 557 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 24,436
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,153 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,153
Substandard | ​ | 485 | ​ | ​ | 342 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,317 | ​ | ​ | 303 | ​ | ​ | 591 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 5,038
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total commercial real estate | ​ | 237,002 | ​ | ​ | 271,927 | ​ | ​ | 608,297 | ​ | ​ | 397,805 | ​ | ​ | 161,596 | ​ | ​ | 207,610 | ​ | ​ | 14,649 | ​ | ​ | 899 | ​ | ​ | 1,899,785
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 85,179 | ​ | ​ | 112,549 | ​ | ​ | 159,602 | ​ | ​ | 85,817 | ​ | ​ | 49,505 | ​ | ​ | 68,295 | ​ | ​ | 122,522 | ​ | ​ | 1,463 | ​ | ​ | 684,932
Watch | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 82 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 250 | ​ | ​ | 110 | ​ | ​ | 105 | ​ | ​ | 1,157 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 1,704
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 51 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 51
Substandard | ​ | 189 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 176 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,225 | ​ | ​ | 227 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,817
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total consumer real estate | ​ | 85,368 | ​ | ​ | 112,631 | ​ | ​ | 159,602 | ​ | ​ | 86,243 | ​ | ​ | 49,615 | ​ | ​ | 71,676 | ​ | ​ | 123,906 | ​ | ​ | 1,463 | ​ | ​ | 690,504
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 150,971 | ​ | ​ | 79,728 | ​ | ​ | 48,854 | ​ | ​ | 6,443 | ​ | ​ | 2,222 | ​ | ​ | 9,956 | ​ | ​ | 8,618 | ​ | ​ | 983 | ​ | ​ | 307,775
Watch | ​ | 2,170 | ​ | ​ | 956 | ​ | ​ | 106 | ​ | ​ | 3,231 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 6,463
Special mention | ​ | 558 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 558
Substandard | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 72 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 138 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 210
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total construction and land development | ​ | 153,699 | ​ | ​ | 80,684 | ​ | ​ | 48,960 | ​ | ​ | 9,746 | ​ | ​ | 2,222 | ​ | ​ | 10,094 | ​ | ​ | 8,618 | ​ | ​ | 983 | ​ | ​ | 315,006
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (441) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (441)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 97,216 | ​ | ​ | 135,390 | ​ | ​ | 146,669 | ​ | ​ | 47,162 | ​ | ​ | 18,926 | ​ | ​ | 28,823 | ​ | ​ | 246,985 | ​ | ​ | 3,091 | ​ | ​ | 724,262
Watch | ​ | 109 | ​ | ​ | 125 | ​ | ​ | 127 | ​ | ​ | 4,209 | ​ | ​ | 13 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 1,600 | ​ | ​ | 92 | ​ | ​ | 6,275
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Substandard | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 159 | ​ | ​ | 455 | ​ | ​ | 200 | ​ | ​ | 129 | ​ | ​ | 76 | ​ | ​ | 20 | ​ | ​ | 24 | ​ | ​ | 1,063
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total commercial and industrial | ​ | 97,325 | ​ | ​ | 135,674 | ​ | ​ | 147,251 | ​ | ​ | 51,571 | ​ | ​ | 19,068 | ​ | ​ | 28,899 | ​ | ​ | 248,605 | ​ | ​ | 3,207 | ​ | ​ | 731,600
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (618) | ​ | ​ | (235) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (853)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 21,003 | ​ | ​ | 20,591 | ​ | ​ | 18,741 | ​ | ​ | 4,841 | ​ | ​ | 1,420 | ​ | ​ | 456 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 67,052
Watch | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Substandard | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total leases | ​ | 21,003 | ​ | ​ | 20,591 | ​ | ​ | 18,741 | ​ | ​ | 4,841 | ​ | ​ | 1,420 | ​ | ​ | 456 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 67,052
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | (29) | ​ | ​ | (602) | ​ | ​ | (585) | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​ | ​ | (28) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (1,246)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 3,966 | ​ | ​ | 2,585 | ​ | ​ | 1,121 | ​ | ​ | 470 | ​ | ​ | 282 | ​ | ​ | 243 | ​ | ​ | 4,853 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 13,520
Watch | ​ | 5 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 5
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Substandard | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 2 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 4 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 6
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total consumer and other | ​ | 3,971 | ​ | ​ | 2,585 | ​ | ​ | 1,123 | ​ | ​ | 470 | ​ | ​ | 282 | ​ | ​ | 247 | ​ | ​ | 4,853 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 13,531
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | (5) | ​ | ​ | (72) | ​ | ​ | (54) | ​ | ​ | (30) | ​ | ​ | (45) | ​ | ​ | (57) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (263)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total loans | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 594,852 | ​ | ​ | 615,135 | ​ | ​ | 974,939 | ​ | ​ | 537,338 | ​ | ​ | 231,048 | ​ | ​ | 307,881 | ​ | ​ | 397,070 | ​ | ​ | 6,436 | ​ | ​ | 3,664,699
Watch | ​ | 2,284 | ​ | ​ | 8,456 | ​ | ​ | 5,425 | ​ | ​ | 9,573 | ​ | ​ | 2,723 | ​ | ​ | 7,016 | ​ | ​ | 3,314 | ​ | ​ | 92 | ​ | ​ | 38,883
Special mention | ​ | 558 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,153 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 51 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,762
Substandard | ​ | 674 | ​ | ​ | 501 | ​ | ​ | 457 | ​ | ​ | 3,765 | ​ | ​ | 432 | ​ | ​ | 4,034 | ​ | ​ | 247 | ​ | ​ | 24 | ​ | ​ | 10,134
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total loans | $ | 598,368 | ​ | $ | 624,092 | ​ | $ | 983,974 | ​ | $ | 550,676 | ​ | $ | 234,203 | ​ | $ | 318,982 | ​ | $ | 400,631 | ​ | $ | 6,552 | ​ | $ | 3,717,478
Total YTD gross charge-offs | $ | (34) | ​ | $ | (1,292) | ​ | $ | (874) | ​ | $ | (31) | ​ | $ | (487) | ​ | $ | (85) | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | (2,803)

18

Table of Contents

SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | December 31, 2023
​ | Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Revolving | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Revolving | ​ | Converted | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021 | ​ | 2020 | ​ | 2019 | ​ | Prior | ​ | Loans | ​ | to Term | ​ | Total
Commercial real estate | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | $ | 237,110 | ​ | $ | 578,227 | ​ | $ | 433,505 | ​ | $ | 181,374 | ​ | $ | 134,495 | ​ | $ | 106,315 | ​ | $ | 15,132 | ​ | $ | 6,690 | ​ | $ | 1,692,848
Watch | ​ | 22,295 | ​ | ​ | 1,267 | ​ | ​ | 1,950 | ​ | ​ | 921 | ​ | ​ | 4,426 | ​ | ​ | 2,926 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,500 | ​ | ​ | 37,285
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,215 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,215
Substandard | ​ | 903 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,932 | ​ | ​ | 310 | ​ | ​ | 282 | ​ | ​ | 430 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 5,857
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total commercial real estate | ​ | 260,308 | ​ | ​ | 582,709 | ​ | ​ | 439,387 | ​ | ​ | 182,605 | ​ | ​ | 139,203 | ​ | ​ | 109,671 | ​ | ​ | 15,132 | ​ | ​ | 10,190 | ​ | ​ | 1,739,205
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 123,203 | ​ | ​ | 174,755 | ​ | ​ | 98,460 | ​ | ​ | 53,688 | ​ | ​ | 33,598 | ​ | ​ | 48,378 | ​ | ​ | 107,949 | ​ | ​ | 3,026 | ​ | ​ | 643,057
Watch | ​ | 171 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 258 | ​ | ​ | 116 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 55 | ​ | ​ | 1,581 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 2,181
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 53 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 53
Substandard | ​ | 196 | ​ | ​ | 824 | ​ | ​ | 176 | ​ | ​ | 253 | ​ | ​ | 164 | ​ | ​ | 2,850 | ​ | ​ | 113 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 4,576
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total consumer real estate | ​ | 123,570 | ​ | ​ | 175,579 | ​ | ​ | 98,894 | ​ | ​ | 54,057 | ​ | ​ | 33,762 | ​ | ​ | 51,336 | ​ | ​ | 109,643 | ​ | ​ | 3,026 | ​ | ​ | 649,867
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (9) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (9)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 113,752 | ​ | ​ | 115,032 | ​ | ​ | 23,823 | ​ | ​ | 2,749 | ​ | ​ | 5,056 | ​ | ​ | 6,595 | ​ | ​ | 40,667 | ​ | ​ | 7,489 | ​ | ​ | 315,163
Watch | ​ | 6,670 | ​ | ​ | 3,233 | ​ | ​ | 607 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 1 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 10,511
Special mention | ​ | 437 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 437
Substandard | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 35 | ​ | ​ | 620 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 419 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 1,074
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total construction and land development | ​ | 120,859 | ​ | ​ | 118,265 | ​ | ​ | 24,465 | ​ | ​ | 3,369 | ​ | ​ | 5,056 | ​ | ​ | 7,015 | ​ | ​ | 40,667 | ​ | ​ | 7,489 | ​ | ​ | 327,185
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 168,957 | ​ | ​ | 162,799 | ​ | ​ | 62,796 | ​ | ​ | 22,639 | ​ | ​ | 9,135 | ​ | ​ | 25,207 | ​ | ​ | 185,619 | ​ | ​ | 7,270 | ​ | ​ | 644,422
Watch | ​ | 54 | ​ | ​ | 15 | ​ | ​ | 13 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 120 | ​ | ​ | 83 | ​ | ​ | 285
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Substandard | ​ | 193 | ​ | ​ | 614 | ​ | ​ | 200 | ​ | ​ | 129 | ​ | ​ | 75 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 1,211
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total commercial and industrial | ​ | 169,204 | ​ | ​ | 163,428 | ​ | ​ | 63,009 | ​ | ​ | 22,768 | ​ | ​ | 9,210 | ​ | ​ | 25,207 | ​ | ​ | 185,739 | ​ | ​ | 7,353 | ​ | ​ | 645,918
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | (75) | ​ | ​ | (274) | ​ | ​ | (50) | ​ | ​ | (183) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (2) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (584)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 28,922 | ​ | ​ | 26,658 | ​ | ​ | 8,658 | ​ | ​ | 3,603 | ​ | ​ | 703 | ​ | ​ | 208 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 68,752
Watch | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Substandard | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total leases | ​ | 28,922 | ​ | ​ | 26,658 | ​ | ​ | 8,658 | ​ | ​ | 3,603 | ​ | ​ | 703 | ​ | ​ | 208 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 68,752
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | (122) | ​ | ​ | (193) | ​ | ​ | (18) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (12) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (345)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 5,926 | ​ | ​ | 2,049 | ​ | ​ | 841 | ​ | ​ | 373 | ​ | ​ | 132 | ​ | ​ | 206 | ​ | ​ | 3,931 | ​ | ​ | 67 | ​ | ​ | 13,525
Watch | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 10 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 10
Special mention | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Substandard | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total consumer and other | ​ | 5,926 | ​ | ​ | 2,049 | ​ | ​ | 841 | ​ | ​ | 373 | ​ | ​ | 142 | ​ | ​ | 206 | ​ | ​ | 3,931 | ​ | ​ | 67 | ​ | ​ | 13,535
YTD gross charge-offs | ​ | (40) | ​ | ​ | (135) | ​ | ​ | (74) | ​ | ​ | (54) | ​ | ​ | (33) | ​ | ​ | (89) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | (425)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total loans | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Pass | ​ | 677,870 | ​ | ​ | 1,059,520 | ​ | ​ | 628,083 | ​ | ​ | 264,426 | ​ | ​ | 183,119 | ​ | ​ | 186,909 | ​ | ​ | 353,298 | ​ | ​ | 24,542 | ​ | ​ | 3,377,767
Watch | ​ | 29,190 | ​ | ​ | 4,515 | ​ | ​ | 2,828 | ​ | ​ | 1,037 | ​ | ​ | 4,436 | ​ | ​ | 2,982 | ​ | ​ | 1,701 | ​ | ​ | 3,583 | ​ | ​ | 50,272
Special mention | ​ | 437 | ​ | ​ | 3,215 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 53 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 3,705
Substandard | ​ | 1,292 | ​ | ​ | 1,438 | ​ | ​ | 4,343 | ​ | ​ | 1,312 | ​ | ​ | 521 | ​ | ​ | 3,699 | ​ | ​ | 113 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 12,718
Doubtful | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Total loans | $ | 708,789 | ​ | $ | 1,068,688 | ​ | $ | 635,254 | ​ | $ | 266,775 | ​ | $ | 188,076 | ​ | $ | 193,643 | ​ | $ | 355,112 | ​ | $ | 28,125 | ​ | $ | 3,444,462
Total YTD gross charge-offs | $ | (237) | ​ | $ | (602) | ​ | $ | (142) | ​ | $ | (237) | ​ | $ | (45) | ​ | $ | (98) | ​ | $ | (2) | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | (1,363)

​

19

Table of Contents

SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

Past Due Loans and Leases:

A loan or lease is considered past due if any required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were required to be made under the terms of the loan or lease agreement. Generally, management places a loan or lease on nonaccrual when there is a clear indicator that the borrower’s cash flow may not be sufficient to meet payments as they become due, which is generally when a loan or lease is 90 days past due.

The following tables present an aging analysis of our loan and lease portfolio (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024 | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | 90 Days |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ |  | 30-59 Days |  | 60-89 Days |  | or More |  | Total |  | Loans Not | ​ | Total |
​ |  | Past Due |  | Past Due |  | Past Due | ​ | Past Due | ​ | Past Due | ​ | Loans | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 1,909 | ​ | $ | 37 | ​ | $ | 802 | ​ | $ | 2,748 | ​ | $ | 1,897,037 | ​ | $ | 1,899,785 | ​
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 596 | ​ |  | 709 | ​ |  | 387 | ​ |  | 1,692 | ​ |  | 688,812 | ​ | ​ | 690,504 | ​
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 41 | ​ |  | 41 | ​ |  | 314,965 | ​ | ​ | 315,006 | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 454 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,653 | ​ |  | 2,107 | ​ |  | 729,493 | ​ | ​ | 731,600 | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 1,814 | ​ | ​ | 812 | ​ | ​ | 1,601 | ​ | ​ | 4,227 | ​ | ​ | 62,825 | ​ | ​ | 67,052 | ​
Consumer and other | ​ |  | 85 | ​ |  | 18 | ​ |  | 16 | ​ |  | 119 | ​ |  | 13,412 | ​ | ​ | 13,531 | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 4,858 | ​ | $ | 1,576 | ​ | $ | 4,500 | ​ | $ | 10,934 | ​ | $ | 3,706,544 | ​ | $ | 3,717,478 | ​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2023 | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | 90 Days |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ |  | 30-59 Days |  | 60-89 Days |  | or More |  | Total |  | Loans Not | ​ | Total |
​ |  | Past Due |  | Past Due |  | Past Due | ​ | Past Due | ​ | Past Due | ​ | Loans | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 52 | ​ | $ | 270 | ​ | $ | 1,660 | ​ | $ | 1,982 | ​ | $ | 1,737,223 | ​ | ​ | 1,739,205 | ​
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 2,216 | ​ |  | 1,347 | ​ |  | 561 | ​ |  | 4,124 | ​ |  | 645,743 | ​ | ​ | 649,867 | ​
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 631 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 620 | ​ |  | 1,251 | ​ |  | 325,934 | ​ | ​ | 327,185 | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 956 | ​ |  | 330 | ​ |  | 2,286 | ​ |  | 3,572 | ​ |  | 642,346 | ​ | ​ | 645,918 | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 1,208 | ​ | ​ | 132 | ​ | ​ | 212 | ​ | ​ | 1,552 | ​ | ​ | 67,200 | ​ | ​ | 68,752 | ​
Consumer and other | ​ |  | 80 | ​ |  | 9 | ​ |  | 98 | ​ |  | 187 | ​ |  | 13,348 | ​ | ​ | 13,535 | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 5,143 | ​ | $ | 2,088 | ​ | $ | 5,437 | ​ | $ | 12,668 | ​ | $ | 3,431,794 | ​ | $ | 3,444,462 | ​

​

The table below presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing interest at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Also presented is the balance of loans on nonaccrual status at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, for which there was no related allowance for credit losses is recorded (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024 | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ |  | Total |  | Nonaccrual |  | Loans Past Due |  | Total |  | Nonaccrual |  | Loans Past Due
​ |  | Nonaccrual |  | With No Allowance |  | Over 90 Days | ​ | Nonaccrual | ​ | With No Allowance | ​ | Over 90 Days
​ |  | Loans |  | for Credit Losses |  | Still Accruing | ​ | Loans | ​ | for Credit Losses | ​ | Still Accruing
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 1,416 | ​ | $ | 802 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 2,044 | ​ | $ | 1,352 | ​ | $ | —
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 3,242 | ​ |  | 1,800 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,647 | ​ | ​ | 1,562 | ​ |  | —
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 41 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 620 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 1,990 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,480 | ​ | ​ | 160 | ​ |  | —
Leases | ​ | ​ | 2,626 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 156 | ​ | ​ | 140 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 72
Consumer and other | ​ |  | 4 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 16 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | 98
Total | ​ | $ | 9,319 | ​ | $ | 2,602 | ​ | $ | 172 | ​ | $ | 7,931 | ​ | $ | 3,074 | ​ | $ | 170

​

​

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024
​ |  | Real Estate |  | Other |  | Total
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 4,353 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 4,353
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 2,096 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,096
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 859 | ​ |  | 859
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 534 | ​ | ​ | 534
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Total | ​ | $ | 6,449 | ​ | $ | 1,393 | ​ | $ | 7,842
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ |  | Real Estate |  | Other |  | Total
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 5,155 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 5,155
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 2,756 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,756
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 1,411 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,411
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,018 | ​ |  | 1,018
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Total | ​ | $ | 9,322 | ​ | $ | 1,018 | ​ | $ | 10,340

​

​

Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty:

The table below shows the amortized cost of loans and leases made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (dollars in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Payment Delay | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Payment |  | Term |  | and Term | ​ | ​ | ​
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | Delay |  | Extension | ​ | Extension | ​ | Total
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | —
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 83 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 83
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 27 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 27
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | —
Total | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 110 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 110
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 226 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 226
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 83 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 83
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 27 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 27
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | —
Total | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 336 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 336

​

​

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Payment Delay | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Payment |  | Term |  | and Term | ​ | ​ | ​
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | Delay |  | Extension | ​ | Extension | ​ | Total
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 528 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 528
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 514 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 514
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 748 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 748
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | —
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | —
Total | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 1,790 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 1,790
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 403 | ​ | $ | 566 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 969
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 514 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 514
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 748 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 748
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 63 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 153 | ​ | ​ | 216
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | —
Total | ​ | $ | 466 | ​ | $ | 1,828 | ​ | $ | 153 | ​ | $ | 2,447

​

The following table summarizes the financial impacts of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (dollars in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Weighted-Average | ​ | ​
​ |  | Term |  | Weighted-Average
​ |  | Extension |  | Total Payment
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | (in months) |  | Delay
Commercial real estate | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | $ | —
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 62 | ​ |  | —
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 38 | ​ |  | —
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | ​ | 64 | ​ | $ | —
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 62 | ​ |  | —
Construction and land development | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 38 | ​ |  | —
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Weighted-Average | ​ | ​
​ |  | Term |  | Weighted-Average
​ |  | Extension |  | Total Payment
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | (in months) |  | Delay
Commercial real estate | ​ | ​ | 12 | ​ | $ | —
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 20 | ​ |  | —
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 9 | ​ |  | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | ​ | 23 | ​ | $ | 23
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 15 | ​ |  | —
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 9 | ​ |  | —
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 30 | ​ |  | 7
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —

​

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

​

The table below shows an age analysis of loans and leases made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified in the last twelve months, (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | 90 Days |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | 30-89 Days |  | or More |  | ​ |  | ​
​ |  | Current |  | Past Due |  | Past Due | ​ | Nonaccrual | ​ | Total
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 637 | ​ | $ | 55 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 398 | ​ | $ | 1,090
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 354 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 176 | ​ |  | 530
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 2,307 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,307
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 16 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 169 | ​ |  | 185
Leases | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Total | ​ | $ | 3,314 | ​ | $ | 55 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 743 | ​ | $ | 4,112

​

Foreclosure Proceedings and Balances:

As of September 30, 2024, there was no residential real estate property secured by real estate included in other real estate owned and there were no residential real estate loans in the process of foreclosure.

​

​

Note 5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

In accordance with FASB ASC No. 2021-03, “Goodwill and Other (Topic 350),” regarding testing goodwill for impairment provides an entity the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31 of each year.

The Company’s other intangible assets consist of core deposit intangibles, insurance agency customer relationships and insurance agency tradename. They are initially recognized based on a valuation performed as of the consummation date. The core deposit intangible is amortized over the average remaining life of the acquired customer deposits, the insurance agency customer relationships are amortized over 14 years and the insurance agency tradename is amortized over five years.

The carrying amount of goodwill at September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, was $96.1 million.

​

Other intangible assets as of the dates indicated is summarized below (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Core Deposit |  | Customer Relationships |  | Tradename | ​ | ​ |
Amortized other intangible assets: | ​ | Intangibles | ​ | Intangibles | ​ | Intangibles | ​ | Total | ​
September 30, 2024: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Beginning balance January 1, 2024, gross | ​ | $ | 17,470 | ​ | $ | 5,670 | ​ | $ | 63 | ​ | $ | 23,203 | ​
Less: accumulated amortization | ​ | ​ | (11,021) | ​ | ​ | (2,940) | ​ | ​ | (63) | ​ | ​ | (14,024) | ​
Balance, September 30, 2024, other intangible assets, net | ​ | $ | 6,449 | ​ | $ | 2,730 | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | 9,179 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Beginning balance January 1, 2023, gross | ​ | $ | 17,470 | ​ | $ | 5,670 | ​ | $ | 63 | ​ | $ | 23,203 | ​
Less: accumulated amortization | ​ | ​ | (9,758) | ​ | ​ | (2,379) | ​ | ​ | (63) | ​ | ​ | (12,200) | ​
Balance, December 31, 2023, other intangible assets, net | ​ | $ | 7,712 | ​ | $ | 3,291 | ​ | $ | - | ​ | $ | 11,003 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​

​

The aggregate amortization expense for other intangible assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $604 thousand and $1.8 million, respectively, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, was $647 thousand and $2.0 million, respectively.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

As of September 30, 2024, the estimated aggregate amortization expense for future periods for intangibles is as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Remainder of 2024 |  | $ | 600
2025 | ​ |  | 2,256
2026 | ​ |  | 2,086
2027 | ​ |  | 1,904
2028 | ​ | ​ | 1,139
Thereafter | ​ |  | 1,194
Total | ​ | $ | 9,179

​

​

Note 6. Borrowings, Line of Credit and Subordinated Debt

Borrowings:

At September 30, 2024, total borrowings were $9.0 million compared to $13.1 million at December 31, 2023. Borrowings consist of the following (in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Securities sold under customer repurchase agreements |  | $ | 3,997 | ​ | $ | 5,078
Other borrowings | ​ | ​ | 5,000 | ​ | ​ | 8,000
Total |  | $ | 8,997 | ​ | $ | 13,078

​

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase:

Securities sold under repurchase agreements, which are secured borrowings, generally mature within one to four days from the transaction date. Securities sold under repurchase agreements are reflected at the amount of cash received in connection with the transaction. The Company may be required to provide additional collateral based on the fair value of the underlying securities. The Company monitors the fair value of the underlying securities on a daily basis.

The Company had securities sold under agreements to repurchase with commercial checking customers which were secured by government agency securities. The carrying value of investment securities pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements was $6.6 million and $7.6 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The average balance of repurchase agreements during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, and 2023 was $4.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively. The maximum month-end outstanding balance for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, and 2023 was $5.8 million and $6.1 million, respectively.

Other Borrowings:

The Company has a revolving line of credit for an aggregate amount of $35 million. The maturity of the line of credit is February 1, 2025. At September 30, 2024, $5.0 million was outstanding under the line of credit, and $30.0 million of the line of credit remained available to the Company.

Subordinated Debt:

On September 28, 2018, the Company issued $40 million of 5.625% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes (the "Notes"), which were outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Unamortized debt issuance cost was $337 thousand and $401 thousand at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The Notes initially bore interest at a rate of 5.625% per annum from and including September 28, 2018, to but excluding October 2, 2023, with interest during this period payable semi-annually in arrears. As of October 2, 2023, to but excluding the maturity date or early redemption date, the interest rate has, with the sunset of the London Inter-bank Offered Rate,

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

reset quarterly to an annual floating rate equal to three-month Chicago Mercantile Exchange published term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), plus 281.161 basis points, with interest during this period payable quarterly in arrears. The Notes are redeemable by the Company, in whole or in part, on or after October 2, 2023, and at any time, in whole but not in part, upon the occurrence of certain events. The Notes have been structured to qualify initially as Tier 2 capital for the Company for regulatory capital purposes.

​

The Notes’ unamortized debt issuance costs totaled $337 thousand at September 30, 2024 and will be amortized through the Notes’ maturity date. Amortization expense totaled $21 thousand and $63 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

On September 1, 2021, the Company acquired $2.5 million of subordinated notes (“sub-debt”) from the acquisition of Sevier County Bancshares, Inc. The sub-debt bears interest at a rate of 6.75% per annum until August 14, 2024, with the interest during this period payable semi-annually in arrears. On August 14, 2024, the Company redeemed this sub-debt in whole.

​

Note 7. Employee Benefit Plans

401(k) Plan:

The Company provides a deferred salary reduction plan (“Plan”) under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code covering substantially all employees. After 90 days of service, the Company matches 100% of employee contributions up to 3% of compensation and 50% of employee contributions on the next 2% of compensation. The Company’s contribution to the Plan for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2024, was $504 thousand and $1.5 million, respectively. The Company’s contribution to the Plan for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, was $475 thousand and $1.4 million, respectively.

Equity Incentive Plans:

The Compensation Committee of the Company’s board of directors may grant or award eligible participants stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, and other stock-based awards or any combination of awards (collectively referred to herein as "Rights"). At September 30, 2024, the Company had one active equity incentive plan available for future grants, the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan, which has 1,595,020 Rights available for future grants or awards.

The Company’s 2015 Stock Incentive Plan has 10,148 Rights issued.

Stock Options:

A summary of the status of stock option plans is presented in the following table:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Weighted
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Exercisable
​ | ​ | Number | ​ | Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  | 16,340 | ​ | $ | 13.55
Granted |  | — | ​ |  | —
Exercised |  | (6,192) | ​ |  | 11.09
Forfeited |  | — | ​ |  | —
Outstanding at September 30, 2024 |  | 10,148 | ​ | $ | 15.05

​

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

Information pertaining to stock options outstanding at September 30, 2024, is as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Options Outstanding | ​ | Options Exercisable
​ | ​ |  | ​ |  | Weighted- |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | Weighted- | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted-
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Remaining | ​ | Average | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average
Exercise | ​ | Number | ​ | Contractual | ​ | Exercise | ​ | Number | ​ | Exercise
Prices | ​ | Outstanding | ​ | Life | ​ | Price | ​ | Exercisable | ​ | Price
$ | 15.05 |  | 10,148 |  | 1.00 years | ​ | $ | 15.05 |  | 10,148 | ​ | $ | 15.05
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Outstanding, end of period |  | 10,148 |  | 1.00 years | ​ | $ | 15.05 | ​ | 10,148 | ​ | $ | 15.05

​

The Company did not recognize any stock option-based compensation expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively, as all stock options issued are fully vested, and no future compensation cost will be recognized related to nonvested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the Plan.

​

Stock options of 1,692 and 6,192 shares were exercised during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024, respectively. No stock options were exercised during the three months ended September 30, 2023. Stock options of 15,705 shares were exercised during the nine month period ended September 30, 2023. The income tax benefit recognized for the exercise of options during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, was a benefit of $0 and $14 thousand, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, a benefit of $60 thousand.

The intrinsic value of options exercised during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $15 thousand and $69 thousand, respectively. No stock options were exercised during the three months ended September 30, 2023. The intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was $242 thousand. The aggregate intrinsic value of total options outstanding and exercisable options at September 30, 2024, was $143 thousand. Cash received from options exercised under all share-based payment arrangements for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $68 thousand.

Restricted Stock Awards:

A summary of the activity of the Company’s unvested restricted stock awards for the period ended September 30, 2024, is presented below:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Weighted
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Grant-Date
​ | ​ | Number | ​ | Fair Value
Balance at December 31, 2023 |  | 171,770 | ​ | $ | 22.22
Granted |  | 79,643 | ​ |  | 24.04
Vested |  | (51,236) | ​ |  | 21.74
Forfeited/expired |  | (3,309) | ​ |  | 24.75
Balance at September 30, 2024 |  | 196,868 | ​ | $ | 23.04

​

The Company measures the fair value of restricted stock awards based on the price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date, and compensation expense is recorded over the vesting period. The compensation expense for restricted stock awards during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $372 thousand and $1.3 million, respectively, and was $271 thousand and $1.2 million, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, there was $2.1 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock awards granted under the plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.15 years. The grant-date fair value of restricted stock awards vested was $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

​

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​

Stock Appreciation Rights (“SARs”):

A summary of the status of SARs plans is presented in the following table:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average
​ |  | Number |  | Exercisable Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 | ​ | 20,000 | ​ | $ | 20.70
Granted | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Exercised |  | (16,000) |  | ​ | 20.70
Forfeited |  | — |  | ​ | —
Outstanding at September 30, 2024 |  | 4,000 | ​ | $ | 20.70

​

Information pertaining to SARs outstanding at September 30, 2024, is as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | SARs Outstanding | ​ | SARs Exercisable
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted- | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | Weighted- | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Remaining | ​ | Average | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted- Average
Exercise | ​ | Number | ​ | Contractual | ​ | Exercise | ​ | Number | ​ | Exercise
Prices |  | Outstanding |  | Life | ​ | ​ | Price | ​ | Exercisable | ​ | Price
$ | 20.70 |  | 4,000 |  | 0.25 years | ​ | $ | 20.70 |  | 4,000 | ​ | $ | 20.70
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | Outstanding, end of period |  | 4,000 |  | 0.25 years | ​ | $ | 20.70 |  | 4,000 | ​ | $ | 20.70

​

SARs compensation expense of $41 thousand and $7 thousand was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $5 thousand and ($118) thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. The credit adjustment for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, was due to adjustments related to the fair value evaluation of SARs.

​

​

Note 8. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing and depository needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized on the balance sheet. The majority of all commitments to extend credit are variable rate instruments while the standby letters of credit are primarily fixed rate instruments. The Company’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

A summary of the Company’s total contractual amount for all off-balance sheet commitments are as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Commitments to extend credit |  | $ | 780,576 | ​ | $ | 716,951
Standby letters of credit | ​ |  | 29,280 | ​ |  | 7,611

​

At September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the allowance for credit losses for these off-balance sheet commitments was $2.3 million and $2.4 million, respectively. The expense (credit) related to the allowance for off-balance sheet commitments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $302 thousand and ($73) thousand,

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​

respectively, and was ($489) thousand and ($795) thousand, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property and equipment, residential real estate, and income-producing commercial properties.

Standby letters of credit issued by the Company are conditional commitments to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those letters of credit are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. Collateral held varies and is required in instances which the Company deems necessary. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying amount of liabilities related to the Company’s obligation to perform under standby letters of credit was insignificant.

The Company is subject in the normal course of business to various pending and threatened legal proceedings in which claims for monetary damages are asserted. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not anticipate that the aggregate ultimate liability arising out of litigation pending or threatened against the Company will be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position. On an on-going basis, the Company assesses any potential liabilities or contingencies in connection with such legal proceedings. For those matters where it is deemed probable that the Company will incur losses and the amount of the losses can be reasonably estimated, the Company would record an expense and corresponding liability in its consolidated financial statements.

​

Note 9. Fair Value Disclosures

Determination of Fair Value:

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. In accordance with the “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” ASC Topic 820, the fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.

ASC Topic 820 provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact business at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions.

Fair Value Hierarchy:

In accordance with this guidance, the Company groups its financial assets and financial liabilities generally measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value.

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Level 1 – Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 1 assets and liabilities generally include debt and equity securities that are traded in an active exchange market. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Valuation is based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. The valuation may be based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3 – Valuation is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following methodologies were used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments measured on a recurring basis:

Securities available-for-sale – The fair value of U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises, municipal securities, other debt securities and mortgage-backed securities, is estimated using a third-party pricing service. The third party provider evaluates securities based on comparable investments with trades and market data and will utilize pricing models that use a variety of inputs, such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids and offers as needed. These securities are generally classified as Level 2.

Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements – The fair value for derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements is determined based on market prices, broker-dealer quotations on similar products, or other related input parameters. The derivative financial instruments are generally classified Level 2.

​

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Recurring Measurements of Fair Value:

​

The tables below present the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Quoted Prices in |  | Significant |  | Significant
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Active Markets | ​ | Other | ​ | Other
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | for Identical | ​ | Observable | ​ | Unobservable
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Assets | ​ | Inputs | ​ | Inputs
Description | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | (Level 1) | ​ | (Level 2) | ​ | (Level 3)
September 30, 2024: |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Assets: |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Securities available-for-sale: |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | 77,911 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 77,911 | ​ | $ | —
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | 42,566 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 42,566 | ​ | ​ | —
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 18,097 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 18,097 | ​ |  | —
Other debt securities | ​ |  | 40,232 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 40,232 | ​ |  | —
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 322,530 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 322,530 | ​ |  | —
Total securities available-for-sale | ​ | ​ | 501,336 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 501,336 | ​ | ​ | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ | ​ | 12,387 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 12,387 | ​ | ​ | —
Total assets at fair value | ​ | $ | 513,723 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 513,723 | ​ | $ | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Liabilities: | ​ |  |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ | $ | 14,023 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 14,023 | ​ | $ | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Securities available-for-sale: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | 76,033 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 76,033 | ​ | $ | —
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) | ​ | ​ | 48,093 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 48,093 | ​ | ​ | —
Municipal securities | ​ |  | 18,276 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 18,276 | ​ |  | —
Other debt securities | ​ |  | 33,069 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 33,069 | ​ |  | —
Mortgage-backed securities (GSEs) | ​ |  | 232,939 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 232,939 | ​ |  | —
Total securities available-for-sale | ​ | ​ | 408,410 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 408,410 | ​ | ​ | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ | ​ | 12,821 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 12,821 | ​ | ​ | —
Total assets at fair value | ​ | $ | 421,231 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 421,231 | ​ | $ | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Liabilities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ | $ | 14,807 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 14,807 | ​ | $ | —

​

During the nine months ending September 30, 2024, and twelve months ended December 31, 2023, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 or into our out of Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

​

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Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis:

​

Under certain circumstances management adjusts fair value for assets and liabilities although they are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis. The following tables present the financial instruments carried on the consolidated balance sheets by caption and by level in the fair value hierarchy, for which a nonrecurring change in fair value has been recorded (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Quoted Prices in |  | Significant |  | Significant
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Active Markets | ​ | Other | ​ | Other
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | for Identical | ​ | Observable | ​ | Unobservable
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Assets | ​ | Inputs | ​ | Inputs
​ | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | (Level 1) | ​ | (Level 2) | ​ | (Level 3)
September 30, 2024: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Collateral-dependent loans | ​ | $ | 656 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 656
Other real estate owned | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Collateral-dependent loans | ​ | $ | 1,295 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 1,295
Other real estate owned | ​ |  | 279 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 279

​

​

For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements are presented below (dollars in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Weighted | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Valuation | ​ | Significant Other | ​ | Average of | ​
​ | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | Technique | ​ | Unobservable Input | ​ | Input | ​
September 30, 2024: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Collateral-dependent loans | ​ | $ | 656 |  | Appraisal |  | Appraisal discounts |  | 79 | %
Other real estate owned | ​ |  | — |  | Appraisal |  | Appraisal discounts |  | — | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Collateral-dependent loans | ​ | $ | 1,295 |  | Appraisal |  | Appraisal discounts |  | 73 | %
Other real estate owned | ​ |  | 279 |  | Appraisal |  | Appraisal discounts |  | 33 | %

​

Collateral-dependent loans: A collateral-dependent loan is measured based on the fair value of the collateral securing these loans, less selling costs. Collateral-dependent loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets including equipment, inventory, and/or accounts receivable. The Company determines the value of the collateral based on independent appraisals performed by qualified licensed appraisers. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Appraised values are discounted for costs to sell and may be discounted further based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the date of the most recent appraisal, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the customer and the customer’s business. Such discounts by management are subjective and are typically significant unobservable inputs for determining fair value. Collateral-dependent loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors discussed above. The amount of valuation allowance on all collateral-dependent loans was $3.2 million and $3.5 million as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Other real estate owned: Other real estate owned, consisting of properties obtained through foreclosure or in satisfaction of loans, are initially recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell upon transfer of the loans to other real estate. Subsequently, other real estate is carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell. Fair values are generally based on third-party appraisals of the property and are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The

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appraisals are sometimes further discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, and/or changes in market conditions from the date of the most recent appraisal, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the customer and the customer’s business. Such discounts are typically significant unobservable inputs for determining fair value. In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, the difference is recognized in noninterest expense.

Carrying value and estimated fair value:

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Fair Value Measurements Using
​ |  | Carrying |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | Estimated
​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Level 1 | ​ | Level 2 | ​ | Level 3 | ​ | Fair Value
September 30, 2024: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 192,914 |  | $ | 192,914 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — | ​ | $ | 192,914
Securities available-for-sale | ​ |  | 501,336 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 501,336 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 501,336
Securities held-to-maturity | ​ | ​ | 127,779 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 113,267 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 113,267
Other investments | ​ |  | 20,352 |  | ​ | N/A |  | ​ | N/A |  | ​ | N/A | ​ |  | N/A
Loans and leases, net and loans held for sale | ​ |  | 3,687,673 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 3,564,572 | ​ |  | 3,564,572
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ | ​ | 12,387 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 12,387 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 12,387
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Liabilities: | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​ |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits | ​ |  | 863,949 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 863,949 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 863,949
Interest-bearing demand deposits | ​ |  | 834,207 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 834,207 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 834,207
Money market and savings deposits | ​ |  | 1,854,777 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 1,854,777 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 1,854,777
Time deposits | ​ |  | 769,558 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 769,621 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 769,621
Borrowings | ​ | ​ | 8,997 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 8,997 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 8,997
Subordinated debt | ​ |  | 39,663 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 37,860 | ​ |  | 37,860
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ |  | 14,023 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 14,023 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 14,023
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023: |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​
Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 352,271 |  | $ | 352,271 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — | ​ | $ | 352,271
Securities available-for-sale | ​ |  | 408,410 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 408,410 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 408,410
Securities held-to-maturity | ​ | ​ | 281,236 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 262,538 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 262,538
Other investments | ​ |  | 13,662 |  | ​ | N/A |  | ​ | N/A |  | ​ | N/A | ​ |  | N/A
Loans and leases, net and loans held for sale | ​ |  | 3,413,814 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 3,308,980 | ​ |  | 3,308,980
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ | ​ | 12,821 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 12,821 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 12,821
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Liabilities: | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​ |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits | ​ |  | 898,044 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 898,044 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 898,044
Interest-bearing demand deposits | ​ |  | 1,006,915 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 1,006,915 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 1,006,915
Money market and savings deposits | ​ |  | 1,812,427 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 1,812,427 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 1,812,427
Time deposits | ​ |  | 550,468 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 548,397 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 548,397
Borrowings | ​ | ​ | 13,078 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 13,078 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 13,078
Subordinated debt | ​ |  | 42,099 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 39,822 | ​ |  | 39,822
Derivative financial instruments and interest rate swap agreements | ​ |  | 14,807 |  | ​ | — |  | ​ | 14,807 |  | ​ | — | ​ |  | 14,807

​

Limitations:

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.

​

​

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Note 10.Derivatives Financial Instruments

Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:

Financial derivatives are reported at fair value in other assets or other liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative net investment hedge instrument as well as the offsetting gain or loss on the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. The gain or loss on the derivative instrument is presented on the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The Company utilizes interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to mitigate the effect of changing interest rates on the fair values of certain fixed rate securities designated as available-for-sale. The hedging strategy converts the fixed interest rates to SOFR-based variable interest rates. These derivatives are designated as partial term hedges covering specified periods of time prior to the maturity date of the hedged securities. The Company adopted ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” in 2018, which allows such partial term hedge designations.

​

A summary of the Company’s fair value hedge relationships for the periods presented are as follows (dollars in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Weighted |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ | ​ | Balance | ​ | Remaining | ​ | Weighted | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ | ​ | Sheet | ​ | Maturity | ​ | Average | ​ | Receive | ​ | Notional | ​ | Estimated
Asset/Liability derivatives | ​ | Location | ​ | (In Years) | ​ | Pay Rate | ​ | Rate | ​ | Amount | ​ | Fair Value
September 30, 2024: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest rate swap agreements - securities | ​ | Other liabilities |  | 2.03 |  | 4.30 | % | SOFR | ​ | $ | 55,507 |  | $ | (955)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | ​
December 31, 2023: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest rate swap agreements - securities |  | Other liabilities |  | 3.40 |  | 4.25 | % | SOFR | ​ | $ | 27,050 |  | $ | (536)

​

​

The effects of the Company’s fair value hedge relationships reported in interest income on taxable securities on the consolidated income statement were as follows (in thousands):

​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Interest income on taxable securities |  | $ | 5,091 | ​ | $ | 4,335 | ​ | $ | 14,710 | ​ | $ | 7,986
Effects of fair value hedge relationships | ​ |  | 142 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 391 | ​ |  | —
Reported interest income on taxable securities | ​ | $ | 5,233 | ​ | $ | 4,335 | ​ | $ | 15,101 | ​ | $ | 7,986
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
Gain (loss) on fair value hedging relationship |  | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Interest rate swap agreements - securities: |  |  |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |  |  | ​ | ​ |
Hedged items |  | $ | (1,069) | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (955) | ​ | $ | —
Derivative designated as hedging instruments | ​ | ​ | 1,069 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 955 | ​ | ​ | —
Carry amount of hedged assets - mortgage-backed securities | ​ | ​ | 48,886 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 48,886 | ​ | ​ | —

​

​

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges:

​

The Company enters into interest rate derivative contracts on assets and liabilities that are designated as qualifying cash flow hedges. The Company hedges the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows attributable to changes in contractual specified interest rates. To qualify for hedge accounting, a formal assessment is prepared to determine whether the hedging relationship, both at inception and on an ongoing basis, is expected to be highly effective in offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. At inception, a statistical regression analysis is prepared to determine hedge effectiveness. At each reporting period thereafter, a statistical regression or qualitative analysis is performed. If it is determined that hedge effectiveness has not been or will not continue to be highly effective, then hedge accounting ceases and any gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) is recognized in earnings immediately. The cash flow hedges are recorded at fair value in other assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded in AOCI, net of tax, see – Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Amounts recorded to AOCI are reclassified into earnings in the same period in which the hedged asset or liability affects earnings and are presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged asset or liability, as future interest payments are made on the underlying assets. At September 30, 2024, the Company estimates that in the next 12 months an additional $126 thousand will be reclassified as a decrease in interest income and $634 thousand will be reclassified as an increase in interest expense.

​

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, cash flow hedges are as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024 | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ | ​ | Balance Sheet | ​ | Notional | ​ | Estimated | ​ | Balance Sheet | ​ | Notional | ​ | Estimated
​ | ​ | Location | ​ | Amount | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | Location | ​ | Amount | ​ | Fair Value
Cash flow hedges: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Assets | ​ | Other liabilities | ​ | $ | 50,000 | ​ | $ | (37) | ​ | Other liabilities | ​ | $ | 100,000 | ​ | $ | (556)
Assets | ​ | Other assets | ​ | ​ | 50,000 | ​ | ​ | 13 | ​ | Other assets | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | -
Liabilities | ​ | Other liabilities | ​ | ​ | 150,000 | ​ | ​ | (636) | ​ | Other liabilities | ​ | ​ | 150,000 | ​ | ​ | (881)
Liabilities | ​ | Other assets | ​ | ​ | 25,000 | ​ | ​ | 2 | ​ | Other assets | ​ | ​ | 25,000 | ​ | ​ | 7

​

The following table presents the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on AOCI (in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships: | ​ | ​ | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized on OCI on Derivative | ​ | Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized from AOCI into Income | ​ | ​ | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest rate swaps - Assets | ​ | $ | 1,177 | ​ | Interest income | ​ | $ | (203)
Interest rate swaps - Liabilities | ​ | ​ | (943) | ​ | Interest expense | ​ | ​ | 227
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest rate swaps - Assets | ​ | $ | (432) | ​ | Interest income | ​ | $ | (173)
Interest rate swaps - Liabilities | ​ | ​ | 587 | ​ | Interest expense | ​ | ​ | 157
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest rate swaps - Assets | ​ | $ | 532 | ​ | Interest income | ​ | $ | (610)
Interest rate swaps - Liabilities | ​ | ​ | 240 | ​ | Interest expense | ​ | ​ | 724
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest rate swaps - Assets | ​ | $ | (861) | ​ | Interest income | ​ | $ | (275)
Interest rate swaps - Liabilities | ​ | ​ | 698 | ​ | Interest expense | ​ | ​ | 165

​

​

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

The following table presents the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on the income statement (in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Total interest income |  | $ | 64,159 | ​ | $ | 55,448 | ​ | $ | 185,633 | ​ | $ | 160,823
Effects of cash flow hedge relationships | ​ |  | (203) | ​ |  | (173) | ​ |  | (610) | ​ |  | (275)
Reported total interest income | ​ | $ | 63,956 | ​ | $ | 55,275 | ​ | $ | 185,023 | ​ | $ | 160,548
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total interest expense |  | $ | 29,151 | ​ | $ | 24,426 | ​ | $ | 86,180 | ​ | $ | 62,150
Effects of cash flow hedge relationships | ​ |  | (227) | ​ |  | (157) | ​ |  | (724) | ​ |  | (165)
Reported total interest expense | ​ | $ | 28,924 | ​ | $ | 24,269 | ​ | $ | 85,456 | ​ | $ | 61,985

​

Non-hedged derivatives:

​

The Company provides a loan hedging program to certain loan customers. Through this program, the Company originates a variable rate loan with the customer. The Company and the customer will then enter into a fixed interest rate swap. Lastly, an identical offsetting swap is entered into by the Company with a dealer bank. These “back-to-back” swap arrangements are intended to offset each other and allow the Company to book a variable rate loan, while providing the customer with a contract for fixed interest payments. In these arrangements, the Company’s net cash flow is equal to the interest income received from the variable rate loan originated with the customer. These customer swaps are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value in other assets and other liabilities. Since the income statement impact of the offsetting positions is limited, any changes in fair value are recognized as other noninterest income in the current period.

​

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, interest rate swaps related to the Company’s loan hedging program that were outstanding are presented in the following table (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024 | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ | ​ | ​ | Notional | ​ | ​ | Estimated | ​ | ​ | Notional | ​ | ​ | Estimated
​ | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | ​ | Fair Value
Interest rate swap agreements: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Assets | ​ | $ | 360,003 | ​ | $ | 12,373 | ​ | $ | 294,133 | ​ | $ | 12,813
Liabilities | ​ | ​ | 360,003 | ​ | ​ | (12,373) | ​ | ​ | 294,133 | ​ | ​ | (12,813)

​

The Company establishes limits and monitors exposures for customer swap positions. Any fees received to enter the swap agreements at inception are recognized in earnings when received and is included in noninterest income. Such fees were as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Interest rate swap agreements |  | $ | 1,103 | ​ | $ | 326 | ​ | $ | 1,378 | ​ | $ | 823

​

Collateral requirements:

​

These derivative rate contracts have collateral requirements, both at inception of the trade and as the value of each derivative position changes. At September 30, 2024, collateral totaling $150 thousand and $390 thousand at December 31, 2023, was pledged to the derivative counterparties to comply with collateral requirements.

​

​

​

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

Note 11. Leases

A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company follows the guidance of ASU Topic 842.

Substantially all of the leases in which the Company is the lessee are comprised of real estate for branches and office space with terms extending through 2044. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. Operating lease agreements are required to be recognized on the consolidated balance sheet as a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a corresponding lease liability.

The following table represents the consolidated balance sheet classification of the Company’s ROU assets and lease liabilities. The Company elected not to include short-term leases (i.e., leases with initial terms of twelve months or less), or equipment leases (deemed immaterial) on the consolidated balance sheet (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  |  |  | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ | ​ | Classification | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Assets: |  |  |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | Other assets | ​ | $ | 11,741 | ​ | $ | 9,894
Liabilities: |  |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  |
Operating lease liabilities |  | Other liabilities | ​ | $ | 12,240 | ​ | $ | 10,303

​

The calculated amount of the ROU assets and lease liabilities in the table above are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to present value of the minimum lease payments. The Company’s lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company’s discretion. If, at lease inception, the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability. Regarding the discount rate, Topic 842 requires the use of the rate implicit in the lease whenever this rate is readily determinable. As this rate is rarely determinable, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate at lease inception, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term.

As of September 30, 2024, the weighted average remaining lease term was 10.57 years and the weighted average discount rate was 3.48%.

The following table represents lease costs and other lease information. As the Company elected, for all classes of underlying assets, not to separate lease and non-lease components and instead to account for them as a single lease component, the variable lease cost primarily represents variable payments such as common area maintenance (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023
Lease costs: |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |
Operating lease costs | ​ | $ | 492 | ​ | $ | 438 | ​ | $ | 1,411 | ​ | $ | 1,247
Variable lease costs | ​ |  | 16 | ​ |  | 30 | ​ |  | 72 | ​ |  | 87
Total | ​ | $ | 508 | ​ | $ | 468 | ​ | $ | 1,483 | ​ | $ | 1,334
Other information: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Operating cash flows from operating leases | ​ | $ | 462 | ​ | $ | 393 | ​ | $ | 1,322 | ​ | $ | 1,142

​

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

Future minimum payments for operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more as of September 30, 2024, were as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Amounts
Remainder of 2024 |  | $ | 452
2025 | ​ |  | 1,714
2026 | ​ |  | 1,599
2027 | ​ |  | 1,392
2028 | ​ |  | 1,388
Thereafter | ​ |  | 8,562
Total future minimum lease payments | ​ |  | 15,107
Amounts representing interest | ​ |  | (2,867)
Present value of net future minimum lease payments | ​ | $ | 12,240

​

​

Note 12. Regulatory Matters

Regulatory Capital Requirements:

The final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. banks (“Basel III Rules”) became effective January 1, 2015. In order to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments to executives, under the Basel III Rules, a covered banking organization is also required to maintain a “capital conservation buffer” in addition to its minimum risk-based capital requirements. This buffer is required to consist solely of common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”), and the buffer applies to all three risk-based measurements (CET1, Tier 1 capital and total capital). As of January 1, 2019, an additional amount of Tier 1 common equity equal to 2.5% of risk-weighted assets is required for compliance with the capital conservation buffer. The ratios for the Company and the Bank are currently sufficient to satisfy the fully phased-in conservation buffer. At September 30, 2024, the Company and the Bank exceeded the minimum regulatory requirements and exceeded the threshold for the “well capitalized” regulatory classification.

​

In December 2018, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”), Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) issued a final rule revising regulatory capital rules in anticipation of the adoption of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326), that provided an option to phase in over a three-year period on a straight line basis the day-one impact of the adoption on earnings and tier one capital. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023, and has chosen the three-year phase in option.

​

Regulatory Restrictions on Dividends:

Pursuant to Tennessee banking law, the Bank may not, without the prior consent of the Commissioner of the Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions (the “TDFI”), pay any dividends to the Company in a calendar year in excess of the total of the Bank’s retained net income for that year plus the retained net income for the preceding two years. Because this test involves a measure of net income, any charge on the Bank’s income statement, such as an impairment of goodwill, could impair the Bank’s ability to pay dividends to the Company. Under Tennessee corporate law, the Company is not permitted to pay dividends if, after giving effect to such payment, it would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business, or its total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus any amounts needed to satisfy any preferential rights if it were dissolving. In addition, in deciding whether to declare a dividend of any particular size, the Company’s board of directors must consider its and the Bank’s current and prospective capital, liquidity, and other needs. In addition to state law limitations on the Company’s ability to pay dividends, the Federal Reserve imposes limitations on the Company’s ability to pay dividends. Federal Reserve regulations limit dividends, stock repurchases and discretionary bonuses to executive officers if the Company’s regulatory capital is below the level of regulatory minimums plus the applicable capital conservation buffer.

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Bank paid $17.5 million in dividends to the Company, and the Company has paid a quarterly common stock dividend of $0.08 per share. The amount and timing of all future dividend payments by the Company, if any, is subject to discretion of the Company’s board of directors and will depend on the Company’s earnings, capital position, financial condition and other factors, including new regulatory capital requirements, as they become known to the Company.

Regulatory Capital Levels:

Actual and required capital levels at September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023 are presented below (dollars in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Minimum to be | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | well | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | capitalized under | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Minimum for | ​ | prompt | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | capital | ​ | corrective action | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Actual | ​ | adequacy purposes | ​ | provisions1 | ​
​ |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio | ​
September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
SmartFinancial: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ | $ | 469,276 |  | 11.62 | % | $ | 323,034 |  | 8.00 | % | ​ | N/A |  | N/A | ​
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 406,264 |  | 10.06 | % |  | 242,275 |  | 6.00 | % | ​ | N/A |  | N/A | ​
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 406,264 |  | 10.06 | % |  | 181,706 |  | 4.50 | % | ​ | N/A |  | N/A | ​
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)2 | ​ |  | 406,264 |  | 8.44 | % |  | 192,472 |  | 4.00 | % | ​ | N/A |  | N/A | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
SmartBank: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ | $ | 471,875 |  | 11.69 | % | $ | 322,834 |  | 8.00 | % | $ | 403,542 |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 440,593 |  | 10.92 | % |  | 242,125 |  | 6.00 | % |  | 322,834 |  | 8.00 | %
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 440,593 |  | 10.92 | % |  | 181,594 |  | 4.50 | % |  | 262,302 |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets)2 | ​ |  | 440,593 |  | 9.17 | % |  | 192,095 |  | 4.00 | % |  | 240,119 |  | 5.00 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
SmartFinancial: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ | $ | 448,050 |  | 11.80 | % | $ | 303,658 |  | 8.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A | ​
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 385,795 |  | 10.16 | % |  | 227,744 |  | 6.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A | ​
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 385,795 |  | 10.16 | % |  | 170,808 |  | 4.50 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A | ​
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) | ​ |  | 385,795 |  | 8.27 | % |  | 186,672 |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
SmartBank: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ | $ | 456,134 |  | 12.02 | % | $ | 303,680 |  | 8.00 | % | $ | 379,600 |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 427,559 |  | 11.26 | % |  | 227,760 |  | 6.00 | % |  | 303,680 |  | 8.00 | %
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets) | ​ |  | 427,559 |  | 11.26 | % |  | 170,820 |  | 4.50 | % |  | 246,740 |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets) | ​ |  | 427,559 |  | 9.18 | % |  | 186,363 |  | 4.00 | % |  | 232,954 |  | 5.00 | %

1The prompt corrective action provisions are applicable at the Bank level only.

2Average assets for the above calculations were based on the most recent quarter.

​

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​

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SMARTFINANCIAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

​

Note 13. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), presented net of tax, were as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | Accumulated
​ | ​ | Securities | ​ | Securities | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | ​ | ​ | Other
​ | ​ | Available-for- | ​ | Transferred to | ​ | Municipal | ​ | Cash Flow | ​ | Comprehensive
​ |  | Sale |  | Held-to-Maturity |  | Security Hedges |  | Hedges |  | Income (Loss)
Beginning balance, June 30, 2024 |  | $ | (24,640) | ​ | $ | (582) | ​ | $ | 85 | ​ | $ | (661) | ​ | $ | (25,798)
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | 9,043 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | (689) | ​ | ​ | 190 | ​ |  | 8,544
Reclassification of amounts included in net income | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 25 | ​ |  | (104) | ​ | ​ | (16) | ​ |  | (95)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period | ​ |  | 9,043 | ​ | ​ | 25 | ​ |  | (793) | ​ |  | 174 | ​ |  | 8,449
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Ending balance, September 30, 2024 | ​ | $ | (15,597) | ​ | $ | (557) | ​ | $ | (708) | ​ | $ | (487) | ​ | $ | (17,349)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | Accumulated
​ | ​ | Securities | ​ | Securities | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | ​ | ​ | Other
​ | ​ | Available-for- | ​ | Transferred to | ​ | Municipal | ​ | Cash Flow | ​ | Comprehensive
​ |  | Sale |  | Held-to-Maturity |  | Security Hedges |  | Hedges |  | Income (Loss)
Beginning balance, June 30, 2023 | ​ | $ | (33,132) | ​ | $ | (684) | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (1,201) | ​ | $ | (35,017)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | (4,325) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 115 | ​ |  | (4,210)
Reclassification of amounts included in net income | ​ |  | 5,044 | ​ | ​ | 27 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | 5,071
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period | ​ |  | 719 | ​ | ​ | 27 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 115 | ​ |  | 861
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Ending balance, September 30, 2023 | ​ | $ | (32,413) | ​ | $ | (657) | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (1,086) | ​ | $ | (34,156)

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | Accumulated
​ | ​ | Securities | ​ | Securities | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | ​ | ​ | Other
​ | ​ | Available-for- | ​ | Transferred to | ​ | Municipal | ​ | Cash Flow | ​ | Comprehensive
​ |  | Sale |  | Held-to-Maturity |  | Security Hedges |  | Hedges |  | Income (Loss)
Beginning balance, December 31, 2023 |  | $ | (23,818) | ​ | $ | (632) | ​ | $ | (397) | ​ | $ | (1,060) | ​ | $ | (25,907)
​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | 8,221 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | (22) | ​ | ​ | 657 | ​ |  | 8,856
Reclassification of amounts included in net income | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 75 | ​ |  | (289) | ​ | ​ | (84) | ​ |  | (298)
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period | ​ |  | 8,221 | ​ | ​ | 75 | ​ |  | (311) | ​ |  | 573 | ​ |  | 8,558
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Ending balance, September 30, 2024 | ​ | $ | (15,597) | ​ | $ | (557) | ​ | $ | (708) | ​ | $ | (487) | ​ | $ | (17,349)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | Accumulated
​ | ​ | Securities | ​ | Securities | ​ | Fair Value | ​ | ​ | ​ | Other
​ | ​ | Available-for- | ​ | Transferred to | ​ | Municipal | ​ | Cash Flow | ​ | Comprehensive
​ |  | Sale |  | Held-to-Maturity |  | Security Hedges |  | Hedges |  | Income (Loss)
Beginning balance, December 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | (33,616) | ​ | $ | (742) | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (966) | ​ | $ | (35,324)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | (3,841) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | (120) | ​ |  | (3,961)
Reclassification of amounts included in net income | ​ |  | 5,044 | ​ | ​ | 85 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | 5,129
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during period | ​ |  | 1,203 | ​ | ​ | 85 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (120) | ​ |  | 1,168
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Ending balance, September 30, 2023 | ​ | $ | (32,413) | ​ | $ | (657) | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | (1,086) | ​ | $ | (34,156)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​

​

​

​

​

​

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

SmartFinancial, Inc. (the “Company,” “SmartFinancial,” “we,” “our” or “us”) is a bank holding company whose principal activity is the ownership and management of its wholly owned subsidiary, SmartBank (the “Bank”). The Company provides a variety of financial services to individuals and corporate customers through its offices in East and Middle Tennessee, Alabama, and Florida. The Bank’s primary deposit products are noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing demand deposits, savings and money market deposits, and time deposits. Its primary lending products are commercial, residential, and consumer loans.

While we offer a wide range of commercial banking services, we focus on making loans secured primarily by commercial real estate and other types of secured and unsecured commercial loans to small and medium-sized businesses in a number of industries, as well as loans to individuals for a variety of purposes. Our principal sources of funds for loans and investing in securities are deposits and, to a lesser extent, borrowings. We offer a broad range of deposit products, including checking (“NOW”), savings, money market accounts and time deposits. We actively pursue business relationships by utilizing the business contacts of our senior management, other bank officers and our directors, thereby capitalizing on our knowledge of our local market areas.

Forward-Looking Statement

The Company may from time to time make written or oral statements, including statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “report”) and information incorporated by reference herein (including, without limitation, certain statements in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Item 2), that constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements are based on assumptions and estimates and are not guarantees of future performance. Any statements that do not relate to historical or current facts or matters are forward-looking statements. You can identify some of the forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking words (and their derivatives), such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “project,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “continue,” “potential,” “plan,” “forecast,” and the like, the negatives of such expressions, or the use of the future tense. Statements concerning current conditions may also be forward-looking if they imply a continuation of a current condition. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, financial condition, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to:

| ● | the impact of current and future economic and market conditions generally (including seasonality) and in the financial services industry, nationally and within our primary market areas (particularly Tennessee), including the effects of inflationary pressures, changes in interest rates, slowdowns in economic growth, and the potential for high unemployment rates, as well as the financial stress on borrowers and changes to customer and client behavior (including the velocity of loan repayment) and credit risk as a result of the foregoing;

| ● | the risks of changes in interest rates on the level and composition of deposits (as well as the cost of, and competition for, deposits), loan demand, liquidity and the values of loan collateral, securities and market fluctuations, and interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities;

| ● | adverse developments in the banking industry and the impact of such developments on customer confidence, liquidity and regulatory responses to these developments (including increases in the cost of our deposit insurance assessments), our ability to effectively manage our liquidity risk and any growth plans and the availability of capital and funding;

| ● | the possibility that our asset quality would decline or that we experience greater loan and lease losses than anticipated;

| ● | the impact of liquidity needs on our results of operations and financial condition;

| ● | competition from financial institutions and other financial service providers;

| ● | the impact of negative developments in the financial industry and U.S. and global capital and credit markets;

| ● | the impact of recently enacted and future legislation and regulation on our business;

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| ● | weakness in the real estate market, including the secondary residential mortgage market, which can affect, among other things, the value of collateral securing mortgage loans, mortgage loan originations and delinquencies, profits on sales of mortgage loans, and the value of mortgage servicing rights;

| ● | risks associated with our growth strategy, including a failure to implement our growth plans or an inability to manage our growth effectively;

| ● | claims and litigation arising from our business activities and from the companies we acquire, which may relate to contractual issues, environmental laws, fiduciary responsibility, and other matters;

| ● | the risks of mergers, acquisitions and divestitures, including our ability to continue to identify acquisition targets, successfully acquire and integrate desirable financial institutions and realize expected revenues and revenue synergies;

| ● | cyber-attacks, computer viruses or other malware that may breach the security of our websites or other systems we operate or rely upon for services to obtain unauthorized access to confidential information, destroy data, disable or degrade service, or sabotage our systems and negatively impact our operations and our reputation in the market, including as a result of increased remote working, which may be exacerbated by recent developments in generative artificial intelligence;

| ● | results of examinations by our primary regulators, the TDFI, the Federal Reserve, and other regulatory authorities, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, require us to increase our allowance for credit losses, write-down assets, require us to reimburse customers, change the way we do business, or limit or eliminate certain other banking activities;

| ● | government intervention in the U.S. financial system and the effects of and changes in trade and monetary and fiscal policies and laws (including as a result of the 2024 United States presidential election), including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve, as well as legislative, tax and regulatory changes that impact the money supply and inflation;

| ● | our inability to pay dividends at current levels, or at all, because of inadequate future earnings, impairments to goodwill, regulatory restrictions or limitations, and changes in the composition of qualifying regulatory capital and minimum capital requirements;

| ● | the relatively greater credit risk of commercial real estate loans and construction and land development loans in our loan and lease portfolio;

| ● | unanticipated credit deterioration in our loan and lease portfolio or higher than expected loan and lease losses within one or more segments of our loan and lease portfolio;

| ● | unexpected significant declines in the loan and lease portfolio due to the lack of economic expansion, increased competition, large prepayments, changes in regulatory lending guidance or other factors;

| ● | unanticipated loan and lease delinquencies, loss of collateral, decreased service revenues, and other potential negative effects on our business caused by severe weather, natural disasters, acts of war or terrorism and other external events;

| ● | changes in expected income tax expense or tax rates, including changes resulting from revisions in tax laws, regulations and case law;

| ● | our ability to retain the services of key personnel;

| ● | changes in accounting principles, policies, or guidelines, including the impact of ASU 2016-13, Current Expected Credit Loss;

| ● | political instability, acts of God, or of war or terrorism, natural disasters, including in the Company’s footprint, health emergencies, epidemics or pandemics, or other catastrophic events that may affect general economic conditions;

| ● | risks related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) strategies and initiatives, the scope and pace of which could alter our reputation and shareholder, associate, customer and third-party affiliations;

| ● | a deterioration of the credit rating for U.S. long-term sovereign debt, actions that the U.S. government may take to avoid exceeding the debt ceiling, and uncertainties surrounding the debt ceiling and the federal budget;

| ● | the risk that the regulatory environment may not be conducive to or may prohibit the consummation of future mergers and/or business combinations, may increase the length of time and amount of resources required to consummate such transactions, and may reduce the anticipated benefit; and

| ● | the impact of Tennessee’s anti-takeover statutes and certain of our charter provisions on potential acquisitions of us.

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These and other factors that could cause results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements can be found in SmartFinancial’s most recent annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and current reports on Form 8-K, in each case filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and available on the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov). Undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements. The Company disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this release, which speak only as of the date hereof, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and follow general practices within the industries in which we operate. The most significant accounting policies we follow are presented in Note 1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Application of these principles requires us to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Most accounting policies are not considered by management to be critical accounting policies. Several factors are considered in determining whether or not a policy is critical in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements. These factors include among other things, whether the policy requires management to make difficult, subjective, and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because it is likely that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. The accounting policies which we believe to be most critical in preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in the section titled “Critical Accounting Policies” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no other significant changes in the Company’s application of critical accounting policies since December 31, 2023.

​

Executive Summary

The following is a summary of the Company’s financial highlights and significant events during the third quarter and first nine months of 2024:

| ● | Net income totaled $9.1 million, or $0.54 per diluted common share, during the third quarter of 2024 compared to $2.1 million, or $0.12 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2023.

| ● | Net income totaled $26.5 million, or $1.57 per diluted common share, during the first nine months of 2024 compared to $22.4 million, or $1.33 per diluted common share, for the same period in 2023.

| ● | Annualized return on average assets for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023 was 0.74% and 0.17%, respectively.

| ● | Annualized return on average assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023 was 0.72% and 0.63%, respectively.

| ● | Net organic loan and lease increased year-to-date for 2024, with net loans and leases increasing $272.5 million from December 31, 2023.

| ● | Deposit growth of $54.6 million from December 31, 2023.

​

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Selected Financial Information

The following is a summary of certain financial information for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 and as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30, | ​
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | ​ | Change | ​ | 2024 | ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | ​ | Change | ​
Income Statement: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Interest income | ​ | $ | 63,956 | ​ | ​ | $ | 55,275 | ​ | $ | 8,681 | ​ | $ | 185,023 | ​ | ​ | $ | 160,548 | ​ | $ | 24,475 | ​
Interest expense | ​ | ​ | 28,924 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 24,269 | ​ | ​ | 4,655 | ​ | ​ | 85,456 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 61,985 | ​ | ​ | 23,471 | ​
Net interest income | ​ | ​ | 35,032 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 31,006 | ​ | ​ | 4,026 | ​ | ​ | 99,567 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 98,563 | ​ | ​ | 1,004 | ​
Provision for credit losses | ​ | ​ | 2,575 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 795 | ​ | ​ | 1,780 | ​ | ​ | 3,018 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,458 | ​ | ​ | 1,560 | ​
Net interest income after provision for credit losses | ​ | ​ | 32,457 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 30,211 | ​ | ​ | 2,246 | ​ | ​ | 96,549 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 97,105 | ​ | ​ | (556) | ​
Noninterest income | ​ | ​ | 9,139 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 691 | ​ | ​ | 8,448 | ​ | ​ | 25,122 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 14,746 | ​ | ​ | 10,376 | ​
Noninterest expense | ​ | ​ | 30,846 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 28,516 | ​ | ​ | 2,330 | ​ | ​ | 88,599 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 83,455 | ​ | ​ | 5,144 | ​
Income before income taxes | ​ | ​ | 10,750 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2,386 | ​ | ​ | 8,364 | ​ | ​ | 33,072 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 28,396 | ​ | ​ | 4,676 | ​
Income tax expense | ​ | ​ | 1,610 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 319 | ​ | ​ | 1,291 | ​ | ​ | 6,572 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 5,993 | ​ | ​ | 579 | ​
Net income | ​ | $ | 9,140 | ​ | ​ | $ | 2,067 | ​ | $ | 7,073 | ​ | $ | 26,500 | ​ | ​ | $ | 22,403 | ​ | $ | 4,097 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Per Share Data: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Basic income per common share | ​ | $ | 0.55 | ​ | ​ | $ | 0.12 | ​ | $ | 0.42 | ​ | $ | 1.58 | ​ | ​ | $ | 1.33 | ​ | $ | 0.25 | ​
Diluted income per common share | ​ | $ | 0.54 | ​ | ​ | $ | 0.12 | ​ | $ | 0.43 | ​ | $ | 1.57 | ​ | ​ | $ | 1.33 | ​ | $ | 0.26 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Performance Ratios: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Return on average assets | ​ | ​ | 0.74 | % | ​ | ​ | 0.17 | % | ​ | 0.58 | % | ​ | 0.72 | % | ​ | ​ | 0.63 | % | ​ | 0.09 | %
Return on average shareholders' equity | ​ | ​ | 7.60 | % | ​ | ​ | 1.84 | % | ​ | 5.76 | % | ​ | 7.55 | % | ​ | ​ | 6.80 | % | ​ | 0.76 | %

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | ​ | December 31, | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | ​ | Change
Balance Sheet: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Loans and leases, net | ​ | $ | 3,681,869 | ​ | ​ | $ | 3,409,396 | ​ | $ | 272,473
Deposits | ​ | ​ | 4,322,491 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 4,267,854 | ​ | ​ | 54,637

​

Analysis of Results of Operations

Third quarter of 2024 compared to 2023

Net income was $9.1 million, or $0.54 per diluted common share, for the third quarter of 2024, compared to $2.1 million, or $0.12 per diluted common share, for the third quarter of 2023. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, when compared to the comparable period in 2023, the increase in net income of $7.1 million was due to an increase in noninterest income of $8.4 million and net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses of $2.2 million, offset by an increase in noninterest expense of $2.3 million and income tax expense of $1.3 million. The increase in noninterest income was associated with a $6.8 million pre-tax loss on the sale of available-for-sale securities, as a result of a balance sheet optimization transaction in September 2023. The tax equivalent net interest margin was 3.11% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 2.81% for the third quarter of 2023. Noninterest income to average assets was 0.74% for the third quarter of 2024, increasing from 0.06% for the third quarter of 2023. Noninterest expense to average assets increased to 2.50% in the third quarter of 2024, from 2.37% in the third quarter of 2023.

First nine months of 2024 compared to 2023

Net income totaled $26.5 million, or $1.57 per diluted common share, for the nine months ended 2024, compared to $22.4 million, or $1.33 per diluted common share, for the nine months ended 2023. The increase in net income of $4.1 million for this period was primarily from the increase of $10.4 million in noninterest income, offset by an increase of $5.1 million in noninterest expense and $579 thousand in income tax expense. The increase in noninterest income was associated with a $6.8 million pre-tax loss on the sale of available-for-sale securities, as a result of a balance sheet optimization transaction in September 2023. The tax equivalent net interest margin was 2.97% for the first nine months of 2024, compared to 3.01% for the first nine months of 2023. Noninterest income to average assets was 0.69% for the first nine months of 2024,

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increasing from 0.41% for the first nine months of 2023. Noninterest expense to average assets increased to 2.42% in the first nine months of 2024, from 2.35% in the first nine months of 2023.

​

Net Interest Income and Yield Analysis

Third quarter of 2024 compared to 2023

Net interest income, taxable equivalent, increased to $35.4 million for the third quarter of 2024, up from $31.1 million for the third quarter of 2023. Net interest income was positively impacted by the increase in balances of loans and leases and the increase in yield/rate on these interest-earning assets, offset by the increase in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities. Average interest-earning assets increased from $4.40 billion for the third quarter of 2023, to $4.53 billion for the third quarter of 2024, primarily from the increase in our average loan and lease balances and average cash balances, which was offset by decreases in average securities. Over this period, average loan and lease balances increased by $274.1 million, average federal funds sold and other interest-earning assets increased by $37.8 million, average interest-bearing deposits increased by $129.3 million, and average borrowing increased by $37.4 million. Average securities decreased by $179.2 million and noninterest-bearing deposits decreased by $66.2 million. The tax equivalent net interest margin increased to 3.11% for the third quarter of 2024, compared to 2.81% for the third quarter of 2023. The yield on earning assets increased from 4.99% for the third quarter of 2023, to 5.65% for the third quarter of 2024, primarily due to the deployment of excess cash and cash equivalents into loans and leases and the increase in rates by the Federal Reserve. The cost of average interest-bearing deposits increased from 2.84% for the third quarter of 2023, to 3.20% for the third quarter of 2024, primarily due to the increase in rates by the Federal Reserve and increased pricing competition.

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The following tables summarizes the major components of net interest income and the related yields and costs for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended September 30,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​
​ |  | Average |  |  | ​ |  | Yield/ |  | Average |  |  | ​ |  | Yield/ |
​ | ​ | Balance | ​ | Interest | ​ | Rate | ​ | Balance | ​ | Interest | ​ | Rate | ​
Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |
Loans and leases, including fees1 | ​ | $ | 3,634,808 | ​ | $ | 54,993 |  | 6.02 | % | $ | 3,360,678 | ​ | $ | 47,539 |  | 5.61 | %
Taxable securities | ​ |  | 564,978 | ​ |  | 5,233 |  | 3.68 | % |  | 743,054 | ​ | ​ | 4,335 |  | 2.31 | %
Tax-exempt securities2 | ​ |  | 63,561 | ​ |  | 443 |  | 2.77 | % |  | 64,707 | ​ | ​ | 451 |  | 2.77 | %
Federal funds sold and other earning assets | ​ |  | 267,252 | ​ |  | 3,634 |  | 5.41 | % |  | 229,487 | ​ | ​ | 3,045 |  | 5.26 | %
Total interest-earning assets | ​ |  | 4,530,599 | ​ |  | 64,303 |  | 5.65 | % |  | 4,397,926 | ​ |  | 55,370 |  | 4.99 | %
Noninterest-earning assets | ​ |  | 381,306 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 379,456 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Total assets | ​ | $ | 4,911,905 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ | $ | 4,777,382 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Interest-bearing demand deposits | ​ | $ | 925,307 | ​ | ​ | 5,289 |  | 2.27 | % | $ | 969,122 | ​ | ​ | 5,463 |  | 2.24 | %
Money market and savings deposits | ​ |  | 1,917,301 | ​ |  | 16,608 |  | 3.45 | % |  | 1,753,671 | ​ |  | 13,744 |  | 3.11 | %
Time deposits | ​ |  | 560,699 | ​ |  | 5,453 |  | 3.87 | % |  | 551,191 | ​ |  | 4,226 |  | 3.04 | %
Total interest-bearing deposits | ​ |  | 3,403,307 | ​ |  | 27,350 |  | 3.20 | % |  | 3,273,984 | ​ |  | 23,433 |  | 2.84 | %
Borrowings | ​ |  | 53,592 | ​ |  | 709 |  | 5.26 | % |  | 16,228 | ​ |  | 210 |  | 5.13 | %
Subordinated debt | ​ |  | 40,846 | ​ |  | 865 |  | 8.42 | % |  | 42,065 | ​ |  | 626 |  | 5.90 | %
Total interest-bearing liabilities | ​ |  | 3,497,745 | ​ |  | 28,924 |  | 3.29 | % |  | 3,332,277 | ​ |  | 24,269 |  | 2.89 | %
Noninterest-bearing deposits | ​ |  | 884,938 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 951,179 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Other liabilities | ​ |  | 50,580 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 48,494 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Total liabilities | ​ |  | 4,433,263 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 4,331,950 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Shareholders' equity | ​ |  | 478,642 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 445,432 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | ​ | $ | 4,911,905 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ | $ | 4,777,382 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Net interest income, taxable equivalent | ​ |  |  | ​ | $ | 35,379 |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ | $ | 31,101 |  |  | ​
Interest rate spread | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 2.36 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 2.11 | %
Tax equivalent net interest margin | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 3.11 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 2.81 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Percentage of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | 129.53 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 131.98 | %
Percentage of average equity to average assets | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 9.74 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 9.32 | %

1Yields related to tax-exempt loans exempt from income taxes are stated on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a federal income tax rate of 21.0%. The taxable-equivalent adjustment was $255 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and $0 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2023.

2Yields related to investment securities exempt from income taxes are stated on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a federal income tax rate of 21.0%. The taxable-equivalent adjustment was $93 thousand and $95 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

​

First nine months of 2024 compared to 2023

Net interest income, taxable equivalent, increased to $100.4 million for the first nine months of 2024, up from $98.9 million for the first nine months of 2023. Net interest income was positively impacted, compared to the prior year, primarily by the increase in balances of loans and leases and the increase in yield/rate on interest-earning assets, offset by the increase in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities. Average interest-earning assets increased from $4.39 billion for the first nine months of 2023 to $4.51 billion for the first nine months of 2024, primarily because of the Company’s continued organic loan and lease growth and the increase in our average cash balances, offset by a decrease in our securities. Over this period, average loan and lease balances increased by $223.2 million, federal funds sold and other interest earning assets increased by $120.0 million, average interest-bearing deposits increased by $189.1 million and average borrowings increased by $6.6 million. Average securities decreased by $158.4 million and noninterest-bearing deposits decreased by $90.3 million. The tax equivalent net interest margin decreased to 2.97% for the first nine months of 2024, compared to 3.01% for the first nine months of 2023. The yield on earning assets increased from 4.90% for the first nine months of 2023, to 5.51% for the first nine months of 2024, primarily due to the deployment of excess cash and cash equivalents into loans and leases and the increase in rates by the Federal Reserve. The cost of average interest-bearing deposits increased from 2.45% for the first nine months of 2023 to 3.19% for the first nine months of 2024, primarily due to the increase in rates by the Federal Reserve and increased pricing competition.

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​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended September 30,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2023 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Average |  |  | ​ |  | Yield/ |  | Average |  |  | ​ |  | Yield/ |
​ | ​ | Balance | ​ | Interest | ​ | Cost | ​ | Balance | ​ | Interest | ​ | Cost | ​
Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |
Loans and leases, including fees1 | ​ | $ | 3,532,768 | ​ | $ | 156,123 |  | 5.90 | % | $ | 3,309,616 | ​ | $ | 137,712 |  | 5.56 | %
Taxable Securities | ​ |  | 588,679 | ​ |  | 15,101 |  | 3.43 | % |  | 745,694 | ​ |  | 12,322 |  | 2.21 | %
Tax-exempt securities2 | ​ |  | 63,804 | ​ |  | 1,336 |  | 2.80 | % |  | 65,170 | ​ |  | 1,349 |  | 2.77 | %
Federal funds and other earning assets | ​ |  | 322,339 | ​ |  | 13,255 |  | 5.49 | % |  | 267,124 | ​ |  | 9,448 |  | 4.73 | %
Total interest-earning assets | ​ |  | 4,507,590 | ​ |  | 185,815 |  | 5.51 | % |  | 4,387,604 | ​ |  | 160,831 |  | 4.90 | %
Noninterest-earning assets | ​ |  | 381,743 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 365,123 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Total assets | ​ | $ | 4,889,333 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ | $ | 4,752,727 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Interest-bearing demand deposits | ​ | $ | 968,139 | ​ |  | 17,299 |  | 2.39 | % | $ | 954,585 | ​ |  | 14,583 |  | 2.04 | %
Money market and savings deposits | ​ |  | 1,910,452 | ​ |  | 49,285 |  | 3.45 | % |  | 1,770,232 | ​ |  | 35,912 |  | 2.71 | %
Time deposits | ​ |  | 543,887 | ​ |  | 15,240 |  | 3.74 | % |  | 508,600 | ​ |  | 8,838 |  | 2.32 | %
Total interest-bearing deposits | ​ |  | 3,422,478 | ​ |  | 81,824 |  | 3.19 | % |  | 3,233,417 | ​ |  | 59,333 |  | 2.45 | %
Borrowings | ​ |  | 25,941 | ​ |  | 985 |  | 5.07 | % |  | 19,309 | ​ |  | 775 |  | 5.37 | %
Subordinated debt | ​ |  | 41,691 | ​ |  | 2,647 |  | 8.48 | % |  | 42,044 | ​ |  | 1,877 |  | 5.97 | %
Total interest-bearing liabilities | ​ |  | 3,490,110 | ​ |  | 85,456 |  | 3.27 | % |  | 3,294,770 | ​ |  | 61,985 |  | 2.52 | %
Noninterest-bearing deposits | ​ |  | 882,168 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 972,507 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Other liabilities | ​ |  | 48,299 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 44,703 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Total liabilities | ​ |  | 4,420,577 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 4,311,980 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Shareholders' equity | ​ |  | 468,756 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ |  | 440,747 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | ​ | $ | 4,889,333 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​ | $ | 4,752,727 | ​ |  |  |  |  | ​
Net interest income, taxable equivalent | ​ |  |  | ​ | $ | 100,359 |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ | $ | 98,846 |  |  | ​
Interest rate spread | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 2.24 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 2.39 | %
Tax equivalent net interest margin | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 2.97 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 3.01 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Percentage of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | 129.15 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 133.17 | %
Percentage of average equity to average assets | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 9.59 | % |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | 9.27 | %

1Yields related to tax-exempt loans exempt from income taxes are stated on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a federal income tax rate of 21.0%. The taxable-equivalent adjustment was $512 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $0 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

2Yields related to investment securities exempt from income taxes are stated on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a federal income tax rate of 21.0%. The taxable-equivalent adjustment was $280 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $283 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

​

Noninterest Income

The following table summarizes noninterest income by category (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | ​ | Change |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | ​ | Change
Service charges on deposit accounts | ​ | $ | 1,780 | ​ | $ | 1,736 | ​ | $ | 44 | ​ | $ | 5,084 | ​ | $ | 4,838 | ​ | $ | 246
Gain (loss) on sale of securities | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (6,801) | ​ | ​ | 6,801 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (6,801) | ​ | ​ | 6,801
Mortgage banking | ​ |  | 410 | ​ |  | 309 | ​ | ​ | 101 | ​ |  | 1,038 | ​ |  | 813 | ​ | ​ | 225
Investment services | ​ | ​ | 1,881 | ​ | ​ | 1,461 | ​ | ​ | 420 | ​ | ​ | 4,563 | ​ | ​ | 3,766 | ​ | ​ | 797
Insurance commissions | ​ | ​ | 1,477 | ​ | ​ | 1,153 | ​ | ​ | 324 | ​ | ​ | 3,865 | ​ | ​ | 3,551 | ​ | ​ | 314
Interchange and debit card transaction fees, net | ​ |  | 1,349 | ​ |  | 1,357 | ​ | ​ | (8) | ​ |  | 3,945 | ​ |  | 4,087 | ​ | ​ | (142)
Other | ​ |  | 2,242 | ​ |  | 1,476 | ​ | ​ | 766 | ​ |  | 6,627 | ​ |  | 4,492 | ​ | ​ | 2,135
Total noninterest income | ​ | $ | 9,139 | ​ | $ | 691 | ​ | $ | 8,448 | ​ | $ | 25,122 | ​ | $ | 14,746 | ​ | $ | 10,376

​

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Third quarter of 2024 compared to 2023

Noninterest income increased by $8.4 million during the third quarter of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. This quarterly change in total noninterest income primarily resulted from the following:

| ● | Loss on sale of securities during the third quarter of 2023 was associated with a pre-tax loss on the sale of $159.6 million of available-for-sale securities and moving into higher yielding assets;

| ● | Increase in investment services from a higher volume of investment activity;

| ● | Increase in insurance commissions, driven by organic growth; and

| ● | Increase in other, primarily related to fees from capital markets activity.

First nine months of 2024 compared to 2023

Noninterest income increased by $10.4 million during the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. This change in total noninterest income primarily resulted from the following:

| ● | Loss on sale of securities during the third quarter of 2023 was associated with a pre-tax loss on the sale of $159.6 million of available-for-sale securities and moving into higher yielding assets;

| ● | Increase in investment services from a higher volume of investment activity; and

| ● | Increase in other, primarily related to the $1.6 million gain on sale of bank-owned properties and $540 thousand from fees related to capital market activity.

Noninterest Expense

The following table summarizes noninterest expense by category (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | ​ | Change |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | ​ | Change
Salaries and employee benefits | ​ | $ | 18,448 | ​ | $ | 16,785 | ​ | $ | 1,663 | ​ | $ | 52,348 | ​ | $ | 49,474 | ​ | $ | 2,874
Occupancy and equipment | ​ |  | 3,423 | ​ |  | 3,547 | ​ | ​ | (124) | ​ |  | 10,144 | ​ |  | 10,073 | ​ |  | 71
FDIC insurance | ​ |  | 825 | ​ |  | 825 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | 2,565 | ​ |  | 2,241 | ​ |  | 324
Other real estate and loan-related expense | ​ |  | 460 | ​ |  | 603 | ​ | ​ | (143) | ​ |  | 1,582 | ​ |  | 1,616 | ​ |  | (34)
Advertising and marketing | ​ |  | 327 | ​ |  | 346 | ​ | ​ | (19) | ​ |  | 924 | ​ |  | 1,006 | ​ |  | (82)
Data processing and technology | ​ |  | 2,519 | ​ |  | 2,378 | ​ | ​ | 141 | ​ |  | 7,435 | ​ |  | 6,777 | ​ |  | 658
Professional services | ​ |  | 1,201 | ​ |  | 735 | ​ | ​ | 466 | ​ |  | 3,190 | ​ |  | 2,307 | ​ |  | 883
Amortization of intangibles | ​ |  | 604 | ​ |  | 647 | ​ | ​ | (43) | ​ |  | 1,824 | ​ |  | 1,981 | ​ |  | (157)
Merger-related and restructuring expenses | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 110 | ​ | ​ | (110) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 110 | ​ |  | (110)
Other | ​ |  | 3,039 | ​ |  | 2,540 | ​ | ​ | 499 | ​ |  | 8,587 | ​ |  | 7,870 | ​ |  | 717
Total noninterest expense | ​ | $ | 30,846 | ​ | $ | 28,516 | ​ | $ | 2,330 | ​ | $ | 88,599 | ​ | $ | 83,455 | ​ | $ | 5,144

​

Third quarter of 2024 compared to 2023

Noninterest expense increased by $2.3 million in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023. The quarterly increase in total noninterest expense primarily resulted from the following:

| ● | Increase in salary and employee benefits, related to an increase in incentive accruals, commissions and employee health insurance;

| ● | Increase in professional services, primarily due to increases in audit fees, advisory board fees and consulting expenses; and

| ● | Increase in other, related to overall franchise growth.

​

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First nine months of 2024 compared to 2023

Noninterest expense increased by $5.1 million in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023. The change in total noninterest expense primarily resulted from the following:

| ● | Increase in salary and employee benefits, related to an increase in incentive accrual, commissions, employee health insurance and overall franchise growth;

| ● | Increase in data processing and technology, primarily from continued infrastructure build;

| ● | Increase in professional services, primarily due to increases in audit fees, advisory board fees and consulting expenses; and

| ● | Increase in other, related to overall franchise growth.

​

Taxes

​

Third quarter of 2024 compared to 2023

In the third quarter of 2024 income tax expense totaled $1.6 million as compared to $319 thousand in same period of 2023. The effective tax rate was approximately 15.0% in the third quarter of 2024 compared to 13.4% in the second quarter of 2023. During the third quarter of 2024 the Bank established a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) subsidiary. The REIT subsidiary is expected to result in a lower effective tax rate during future periods by lowering the Bank’s state income tax expense.

First nine months of 2024 compared to 2023

In the first nine months of 2024 income tax expense totaled $6.6 million compared to $6.0 million in the first nine months of 2023. The effective tax rate was approximately 19.9% for first nine months of 2024 compared to 21.1% for the nine months ended 2023.

Loan and Lease Portfolio

​

The Company had total net loans and leases outstanding of approximately $3.68 billion at September 30, 2024, compared to $3.41 billion at December 31, 2023. Loans secured by real estate, consisting of commercial and residential property, are the principal component of our loan and lease portfolio.

The following table summarizes the composition of our loan and lease portfolio for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | % of | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | % of | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | Gross | ​ | ​ | December 31, | ​ | Gross | ​
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | Total | ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | Total |
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 1,899,785 | ​ | 51.0 | % | ​ | $ | 1,739,205 | ​ | 50.4 | %
Consumer real estate | ​ |  | 690,504 | ​ | 18.6 | % | ​ |  | 649,867 | ​ | 18.9 | %
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 315,006 | ​ | 8.5 | % | ​ |  | 327,185 | ​ | 9.5 | %
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 731,600 | ​ | 19.7 | % | ​ |  | 645,918 | ​ | 18.8 | %
Leases | ​ | ​ | 67,052 | ​ | 1.8 | % | ​ | ​ | 68,752 | ​ | 2.0 | %
Consumer and other | ​ |  | 13,531 | ​ | 0.4 | % | ​ |  | 13,535 | ​ | 0.4 | %
Total loans and leases | ​ |  | 3,717,478 | ​ | 100.0 | % | ​ |  | 3,444,462 | ​ | 100.0 | %
Less: Allowance for credit losses | ​ |  | (35,609) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | (35,066) | ​ | ​ | ​
Loans and leases, net | ​ | $ | 3,681,869 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 3,409,396 | ​ | ​ | ​

​

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Table of Contents

Loan and Lease Portfolio Maturities

The following table sets forth the maturity distribution of our loans and leases at September 30, 2024, including the interest rate sensitivity for loans and leases maturing after one year (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Rate Structure for Loans and Leases
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Maturing Over One Year
​ | ​ | One Year | ​ | One through | ​ | ​ | Five through | ​ | Over Fifteen | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Fixed | ​ | Floating
​ | ​ | or Less | ​ | Five Years | ​ | ​ | Fifteen Years | ​ | Years | ​ | Total | ​ | Rate | ​ | Rate
Commercial real estate-mortgage |  | $ | 73,492 |  | $ | 1,113,812 | ​ | $ | 656,393 |  | $ | 56,088 |  | $ | 1,899,785 |  | $ | 1,047,258 |  | $ | 779,035
Consumer real estate-mortgage | ​ |  | 35,597 | ​ |  | 201,756 | ​ | ​ | 101,646 | ​ |  | 351,505 | ​ |  | 690,504 | ​ |  | 267,094 | ​ |  | 387,813
Construction and land development | ​ |  | 73,806 | ​ |  | 154,284 | ​ | ​ | 39,415 | ​ |  | 47,501 | ​ |  | 315,006 | ​ |  | 90,508 | ​ |  | 150,692
Commercial and industrial | ​ |  | 203,073 | ​ |  | 429,444 | ​ | ​ | 75,356 | ​ |  | 23,727 | ​ |  | 731,600 | ​ |  | 361,518 | ​ |  | 167,009
Leases | ​ | ​ | 2,206 | ​ | ​ | 64,692 | ​ | ​ | 154 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 67,052 | ​ | ​ | 64,846 | ​ | ​ | —
Consumer and other | ​ |  | 7,637 | ​ |  | 5,594 | ​ | ​ | 269 | ​ |  | 31 | ​ |  | 13,531 | ​ |  | 5,639 | ​ |  | 255
Total loans and leases | ​ | $ | 395,811 | ​ | $ | 1,969,582 | ​ | $ | 873,233 | ​ | $ | 478,852 | ​ | $ | 3,717,478 | ​ | $ | 1,836,863 | ​ | $ | 1,484,804

​

Nonaccrual, Past Due, and Restructured Loans and Leases

Nonperforming loans and leases, as a percentage of total gross loans and leases, net of deferred fees, was 0.26% as of September 30, 2024, and 0.24% December 31, 2023, respectively. Total nonperforming assets, as a percentage of total assets, was 0.26% as of September 30, 2024, and 0.20% as of December 31, 2023, respectively.

The following table is a summary of our loans and leases that were past due at least 30 days but less than 89 days, and 90 days or more past due, excluding nonaccrual loans for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Accruing Loans | ​ | ​ | Accruing Loans | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 30-89 Days | ​ | ​ | 90 Days or More | ​ | ​ | Total Accruing | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Past Due | ​ | ​ | Past Due | ​ | ​ | Past Due Loans | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Percentage of | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Percentage of | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Percentage of | ​
​ | ​ | Total | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans in | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans in | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans in | ​
​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Category | ​ | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Category | ​ | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Category | ​
September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | $ | 1,899,785 | ​ | $ | 1,673 | ​ | 0.09 | % | ​ | $ | - | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | 1,673 | ​ | 0.09 | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | 690,504 | ​ | ​ | 740 | ​ | 0.11 | ​ | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 740 | ​ | 0.11 | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | 315,006 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | 731,600 | ​ | ​ | 454 | ​ | 0.06 | ​ | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 454 | ​ | 0.06 | ​
Leases | ​ | 67,052 | ​ | ​ | 1,446 | ​ | 2.16 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 156 | ​ | 0.23 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,602 | ​ | 2.39 | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | 13,531 | ​ | ​ | 99 | ​ | 0.73 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 16 | ​ | 0.12 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 115 | ​ | 0.85 | ​
Total | $ | 3,717,478 | ​ | $ | 4,412 | ​ | 0.12 | ​ | ​ | $ | 172 | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | $ | 4,584 | ​ | 0.12 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | $ | 1,739,205 | ​ | $ | 322 | ​ | 0.02 | % | ​ | $ | - | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | 322 | ​ | 0.02 | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | 649,867 | ​ | ​ | 2,229 | ​ | 0.34 | ​ | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2,229 | ​ | 0.34 | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | 327,185 | ​ | ​ | 631 | ​ | 0.19 | ​ | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 631 | ​ | 0.19 | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | 645,918 | ​ | ​ | 1,286 | ​ | 0.20 | ​ | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,286 | ​ | 0.20 | ​
Leases | ​ | 68,752 | ​ | ​ | 1,340 | ​ | 1.95 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 72 | ​ | 0.10 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,412 | ​ | 2.05 | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | 13,535 | ​ | ​ | 89 | ​ | 0.66 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 98 | ​ | 0.72 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 187 | ​ | 1.38 | ​
Total | $ | 3,444,462 | ​ | $ | 5,897 | ​ | 0.17 | ​ | ​ | $ | 170 | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | $ | 6,067 | ​ | 0.18 | ​

49

Table of Contents

​

The following table is a summary of our nonaccrual loans and leases for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | December 31, 2023
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Nonaccrual Loans | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Nonaccrual Loans | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Percentage of | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Percentage of | ​
​ | ​ | Total | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans in | ​ | ​ | ​ | Total | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans in | ​
​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Category | ​ | ​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Category | ​
Commercial real estate | $ | 1,899,785 | ​ | $ | 1,416 | ​ | 0.07 | % | ​ | $ | 1,739,205 | ​ | $ | 2,044 | ​ | 0.12 | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | 690,504 | ​ | ​ | 3,242 | ​ | 0.47 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 649,867 | ​ | ​ | 2,647 | ​ | 0.41 | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | 315,006 | ​ | ​ | 41 | ​ | 0.01 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 327,185 | ​ | ​ | 620 | ​ | 0.19 | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | 731,600 | ​ | ​ | 1,990 | ​ | 0.27 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 645,918 | ​ | ​ | 2,480 | ​ | 0.38 | ​
Leases | ​ | 67,052 | ​ | ​ | 2,626 | ​ | 3.92 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 68,752 | ​ | ​ | 140 | ​ | 0.20 | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | 13,531 | ​ | ​ | 4 | ​ | 0.03 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 13,535 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | - | ​
Total | $ | 3,717,478 | ​ | $ | 9,319 | ​ | 0.25 | ​ | ​ | $ | 3,444,462 | ​ | $ | 7,931 | ​ | 0.23 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 382.11% | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 424.75% | ​ | ​ | ​

​

Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses

​

We maintain the allowance at a level that we deem appropriate to adequately cover change in the loan and lease portfolio. Our provision for credit losses for loans and leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, is $3.1 million compared to $2.3 million in the same period of 2023, an increase of $837 thousand. As of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, our allowance for credit losses was $35.6 million and $35.1 million, respectively, which we deemed to be adequate at each of the respective dates. Our allowance for credit loss as a percentage of total loans and leases was 0.96% at September 30, 2024 and 1.02% at December 31, 2023, respectively.

​

The following table sets forth, based on management's best estimate, the allocation of the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases to categories of loans and leases and loan and lease balances by category and the percentage of loans and leases in each category to total loans and leases and allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans and leases within each loan and lease category for each period presented (dollars in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Percentage of Loans | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Ratio of Allowance | ​
​ | ​ | Amount of | ​ | in Each Category | ​ | ​ | Total | ​ | Allocated to Loans in | ​
​ | ​ | Allowance Allocated | ​ | to Total Loans | ​ | ​ | Loans | ​ | Each Category | ​
September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 15,574 | ​ | ​ | 51.0 | % | ​ | $ | 1,899,785 | ​ | ​ | 0.82 | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | 7,529 | ​ | ​ | 18.6 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 690,504 | ​ | ​ | 1.09 | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | 3,718 | ​ | ​ | 8.5 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 315,006 | ​ | ​ | 1.18 | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | 7,629 | ​ | ​ | 19.7 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 731,600 | ​ | ​ | 1.04 | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 1,045 | ​ | ​ | 1.8 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 67,052 | ​ | ​ | 1.56 | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | 114 | ​ | ​ | 0.4 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 13,531 | ​ | ​ | 0.84 | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 35,609 | ​ | ​ | 100.0 | % | ​ | $ | 3,717,478 | ​ | ​ | 0.96 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
December 31, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 15,264 | ​ | ​ | 50.4 | % | ​ | $ | 1,739,205 | ​ | ​ | 0.88 | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | 7,249 | ​ | ​ | 18.9 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 649,867 | ​ | ​ | 1.12 | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | 4,874 | ​ | ​ | 9.5 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 327,185 | ​ | ​ | 1.49 | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | 6,924 | ​ | ​ | 18.8 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 645,918 | ​ | ​ | 1.07 | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 640 | ​ | ​ | 2.0 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 68,752 | ​ | ​ | 0.93 | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | 115 | ​ | ​ | 0.4 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 13,535 | ​ | ​ | 0.85 | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 35,066 | ​ | ​ | 100.0 | % | ​ | $ | 3,444,462 | ​ | ​ | 1.02 | ​

​

The allowance associated with the individually evaluated loans and leases were approximately $3.2 million at September 30, 2024, compared to $3.5 million at December 31, 2023.

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Analysis of the Allowance for Credit Losses

The following is a summary of changes in the allowance for credit losses for the periods presented including the ratio of the allowance for credit losses to total loans and leases as of the end of each period (dollars in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Ratio of Net (charge-offs) | ​
​ | ​ | Provision for | ​ | Net (charge-offs) | ​ | Average | ​ | Recoveries to | ​
​ | ​ | Credit Losses | ​ | Recoveries | ​ | Loans | ​ | Average Loans | ​
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | (57) | ​ | $ | 1 | ​ | $ | 1,840,376 | ​ | ​ | - | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | (14) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 681,852 | ​ | ​ | - | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | 222 | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 321,734 | ​ | ​ | - | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | 785 | ​ | ​ | (390) | ​ | ​ | 707,005 | ​ | ​ | (0.06) | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 1,291 | ​ | ​ | (916) | ​ | ​ | 70,201 | ​ | ​ | (1.30) | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | 46 | ​ | ​ | (49) | ​ | ​ | 13,640 | ​ | ​ | (0.36) | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 2,273 | ​ | $ | (1,354) | ​ | $ | 3,634,808 | ​ | ​ | (0.04) | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 691 | ​ | ​ | 2 | ​ | $ | 1,655,592 | ​ | ​ | - | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | 413 | ​ | ​ | (5) | ​ | ​ | 632,102 | ​ | ​ | - | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | (369) | ​ | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | 384,166 | ​ | ​ | - | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | 307 | ​ | ​ | (131) | ​ | ​ | 606,183 | ​ | ​ | (0.02) | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 201 | ​ | ​ | (143) | ​ | ​ | 67,515 | ​ | ​ | (0.21) | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | 41 | ​ | ​ | (67) | ​ | ​ | 15,120 | ​ | ​ | (0.44) | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 1,284 | ​ | $ | (344) | ​ | $ | 3,360,678 | ​ | ​ | (0.01) | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 276 | ​ | $ | 34 | ​ | $ | 1,790,580 | ​ | ​ | - | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | 276 | ​ | ​ | 4 | ​ | ​ | 665,288 | ​ | ​ | - | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | (715) | ​ | ​ | (441) | ​ | ​ | 305,554 | ​ | ​ | (0.14) | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | 1,422 | ​ | ​ | (717) | ​ | ​ | 689,208 | ​ | ​ | (0.10) | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 1,643 | ​ | ​ | (1,238) | ​ | ​ | 68,646 | ​ | ​ | (1.80) | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | 189 | ​ | ​ | (190) | ​ | ​ | 13,492 | ​ | ​ | (1.41) | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 3,091 | ​ | $ | (2,548) | ​ | $ | 3,532,768 | ​ | ​ | (0.07) | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Commercial real estate | ​ | $ | 650 | ​ | ​ | 5 | ​ | $ | 1,636,661 | ​ | ​ | - | %
Consumer real estate | ​ | ​ | 1,006 | ​ | ​ | 4 | ​ | ​ | 618,883 | ​ | ​ | - | ​
Construction and land development | ​ | ​ | (177) | ​ | ​ | 25 | ​ | ​ | 382,005 | ​ | ​ | 0.01 | ​
Commercial and industrial | ​ | ​ | 439 | ​ | ​ | (234) | ​ | ​ | 590,088 | ​ | ​ | (0.04) | ​
Leases | ​ | ​ | 217 | ​ | ​ | (211) | ​ | ​ | 67,076 | ​ | ​ | (0.31) | ​
Consumer and other | ​ | ​ | 119 | ​ | ​ | (145) | ​ | ​ | 14,903 | ​ | ​ | (0.97) | ​
Total | ​ | $ | 2,254 | ​ | $ | (556) | ​ | $ | 3,309,616 | ​ | ​ | (0.02) | ​

​

Securities Portfolio

Our available-for-sale securities portfolio is carried at fair market value and our held-to-maturity securities portfolio is carried at amortized cost, and consists primarily of Federal agency bonds, mortgage-backed securities, state and municipal securities and other debt securities. Our securities portfolio decreased from $689.6 million at December 31, 2023, to $629.1 million at September 30, 2024, primarily as a result of Treasury securities maturities. Our securities to asset ratio has decreased from 14.3% at December 31, 2023, to 12.8% at September 30, 2024.

​

The following table presents the contractual maturity of the Company’s securities by contractual maturity date and average yields based on amortized cost (for all obligations on a fully taxable basis) at September 30, 2024 (dollars in thousands).

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The composition and maturity/repricing distribution of the securities portfolio is subject to change depending on rate sensitivity, capital and liquidity needs.

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | One Year | ​ | One through | ​ | Five through |  | Over Ten |  | ​ |
​ | ​ | or Less | ​ | Five Years | ​ | Ten Years | ​ | Years | ​ | Total | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Weighted | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Average | ​ | ​
Available-for-sale: | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Yield (1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Yield (1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Yield (1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Yield (1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | Amount | ​ | Yield (1) | ​ | ​
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | 83,576 | ​ | 1.27 | % | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | 83,576 | ​ | 1.27 | % | ​
U.S. Government agencies | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 130 | ​ | 6.59 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 41,834 | ​ | 6.70 | ​ | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 41,964 | ​ | 6.70 | ​ | ​
State and political subdivisions | ​ |  | 480 | ​ | 2.53 | ​ | ​ |  | 3,708 | ​ | 2.92 | ​ | ​ |  | 5,391 | ​ | 3.30 | ​ | ​ |  | 8,740 | ​ | 3.72 | ​ | ​ |  | 18,319 | ​ | 3.40 | ​ | ​
Other debt securities | ​ |  | 998 | ​ | 4.15 | ​ | ​ |  | 6,928 | ​ | 7.23 | ​ | ​ |  | 33,828 | ​ | 5.07 | ​ | ​ |  | 500 | ​ | 4.50 | ​ | ​ |  | 42,254 | ​ | 5.40 | ​ | ​
Mortgage-backed securities | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | 15,586 | ​ | 3.68 | ​ | ​ |  | 123,661 | ​ | 3.72 | ​ | ​ |  | 197,958 | ​ | 3.88 | ​ | ​ |  | 337,205 | ​ | 3.81 | ​ | ​
Total securities | ​ | $ | 1,478 | ​ | 3.62 | ​ | ​ | $ | 109,928 | ​ | 2.05 | ​ | ​ | $ | 204,714 | ​ | 4.54 | ​ | ​ | $ | 207,198 | ​ | 3.87 | ​ | ​ | $ | 523,318 | ​ | 3.75 | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Held-to-maturity: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
U.S. Treasury | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | % | ​
U.S. Government agencies | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | ​ | 42,155 | ​ | 1.84 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 6,268 | ​ | 2.01 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 48,423 | ​ | 1.86 | ​ | ​
State and political subdivisions | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | 736 | ​ | 1.32 | ​ | ​ |  | 8,288 | ​ | 1.99 | ​ | ​ |  | 42,889 | ​ | 2.18 | ​ | ​ |  | 51,913 | ​ | 2.14 | ​ | ​
Other debt securities | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​
Mortgage-backed securities | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ |  | 4,792 | ​ | 2.14 | ​ | ​ |  | 22,651 | ​ | 2.14 | ​ | ​ |  | 27,443 | ​ | 2.14 | ​ | ​
Total securities | ​ | $ | — | ​ | - | ​ | ​ | $ | 736 | ​ | 1.32 | ​ | ​ | $ | 55,235 | ​ | 1.89 | ​ | ​ | $ | 71,808 | ​ | 2.15 | ​ | ​ | $ | 127,779 | ​ | 2.03 | ​ | ​

| (1) | Based on amortized cost, taxable equivalent basis

Deposits

Deposits are the primary source of funds for the Company’s lending and investing activities. The Company provides a range of deposit services to businesses and individuals, including noninterest-bearing checking accounts, interest-bearing checking accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, IRAs and CDs. These accounts generally earn interest at rates the Company establishes based on market factors and the anticipated amount and timing of funding needs. The establishment or continuity of a core deposit relationship can be a factor in loan pricing decisions. While the Company’s primary focus is on establishing customer relationships to attract core deposits, at times, the Company uses brokered deposits and other wholesale deposits to supplement its funding sources. As of September 30, 2024, brokered deposits represented approximately 4.55% of total deposits.

The following tables summarize the average balances outstanding and average interest rates for each major category of deposits for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively (dollars in thousands):

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024 | ​ | September 30, 2023 | ​
​ |  | Average |  | % of |  | Average |  | Average |  | % of |  | Average |
​ | ​ | Balance | ​ | Total | ​ | Rate | ​ | Balance | ​ | Total | ​ | Rate | ​
Noninterest-bearing demand | ​ | $ | 884,938 |  | 20.6 | % | — | % | $ | 951,179 |  | 22.5 | % | — | %
Interest-bearing demand | ​ |  | 925,307 |  | 21.6 | % | 2.27 | % |  | 969,122 |  | 22.9 | % | 2.24 | %
Money market and savings | ​ |  | 1,917,301 |  | 44.7 | % | 3.45 | % |  | 1,753,671 |  | 41.5 | % | 3.11 | %
Time deposits | ​ |  | 560,699 |  | 13.1 | % | 3.87 | % |  | 551,191 |  | 13.0 | % | 3.04 | %
Total average deposits | ​ | $ | 4,288,245 |  | 100.0 | % | 2.54 | % | $ | 4,225,163 |  | 100.0 | % | 2.20 | %

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2024 | ​ | September 30, 2023 | ​
​ |  | Average |  | % of |  | Average |  | Average |  | % of |  | Average |
​ | ​ | Balance | ​ | Total | ​ | Rate | ​ | Balance | ​ | Total | ​ | Rate | ​
Noninterest-bearing demand | ​ | $ | 882,168 |  | 20.5 | % | — | % | $ | 972,507 |  | 23.1 | % | — | %
Interest-bearing demand | ​ |  | 968,139 |  | 22.5 | % | 2.39 | % |  | 954,585 |  | 22.7 | % | 2.04 | %
Money market and savings | ​ |  | 1,910,452 |  | 44.4 | % | 3.45 | % |  | 1,770,232 |  | 42.1 | % | 2.71 | %
Time deposits | ​ |  | 543,887 |  | 12.6 | % | 3.74 | % |  | 508,600 |  | 12.1 | % | 2.32 | %
Total average deposits | ​ | $ | 4,304,646 |  | 100.0 | % | 2.54 | % | $ | 4,205,924 |  | 100.0 | % | 1.89 | %

​

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The Company believes its deposit product offerings are properly structured to attract and retain core deposit relationships. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, was 3.20% and 2.84%, respectively. The cost increase was primarily attributable to the rate increases. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, was 3.19% and 2.45%, respectively. The cost increase was primarily attributable to the increases in rates and increased pricing competition.

Total deposits as of September 30, 2024, were $4.32 billion, which was an increase of $54.6 million from December 31, 2023. This overall increase was driven primarily by the issuance of brokered deposits of $174.8 million, increase in other time deposits of $44.3 million and savings deposits of $42.4 million, offset by a decline in interest-bearing demand deposits of $172.7 million and noninterest bearing deposits of $34 million. During the quarter, the Bank elected not to pursue a higher cost public funds depository relationship and utilized Federal Home Loan Advances temporarily, which was replaced with brokered deposits. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had outstanding time deposits under $250,000 with balances of $516.9 million and time deposits over $250,000 with balances of $252.7 million.

The following table summarizes the maturities of time deposits $250,000 or more (in thousands).

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | September 30,
​ | ​ | 2024
Three months or less | ​ | $ | 58,243
Three to six months | ​ |  | 71,861
Six to twelve months | ​ |  | 91,887
More than twelve months | ​ |  | 30,676
Total | ​ | $ | 252,667

The Company's estimated uninsured deposits totaled $1.86 billion at September 30, 2024, compared to $1.76 billion at December 31, 2023, representing 43.0% and 41.3% of total deposits at September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively. These estimates were derived using the same methodologies and assumptions used for the Bank's regulatory reporting.

​

Borrowings

The Company uses short-term borrowings and long-term debt to provide both funding and, to a lesser extent, regulatory capital using debt at the Company level which can be down-streamed as Tier 1 capital to the Bank. Borrowings totaled $9.0 million at September 30, 2024, and consisted of short-term borrowings of $5.0 million, and $4.0 million of securities sold under repurchase agreements. Long-term debt totaled $39.7 million and $42.1 million at September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively, and consisted entirely of subordinated debt. For more information regarding our borrowings, see “Part I - Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 6 – Borrowings, Line of Credit and Subordinated Debt” of this report.

Capital Resources

The Company uses leverage analysis to examine the potential of the institution to increase assets and liabilities using the current capital base. The key measurements included in this analysis are the Bank’s Common Equity Tier 1 capital, Tier 1 capital, leverage and total capital ratios. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our capital ratios, including our Bank’s capital ratios, exceeded regulatory minimum capital requirements. From time to time, we may be required to support the capital needs of our bank subsidiary. We believe we have various capital raising techniques available to us to provide for the capital needs of our bank, if necessary. For more information regarding our capital, leverage and total capital ratios, see “Part I - Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 12 – Regulatory Matters” of this report.

Liquidity and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing and depository needs of its customers. At September 30, 2024, we had $780.6 million of pre-approved but unused lines of credit and $29.3 million of standby letters of credit. These commitments generally have fixed expiration

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dates, and many will expire without being drawn upon. The total commitment level does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. If needed to fund these outstanding commitments, the Bank has the ability to liquidate federal funds sold or securities available-for-sale, or on a short-term basis to borrow and purchase federal funds from other financial institutions. For more information regarding our off-balance sheet arrangements, see “Part I - Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 8 – Commitments and Contingent Liabilities” of this report.

Market Risk and Liquidity Risk Management

The Bank’s Asset Liability Management Committee (“ALCO”) oversees market risk management and establishes risk measures, limits on policy guidelines for managing the amount of interest rate risk and its effect on net interest income and capital. A variety of measures are used to provide for a comprehensive overview of the Company’s magnitude of interest rate risk, the distribution of risk, the level of risk over time and the exposure to changes in certain interest rate relationships. We utilize an independent third-party earnings simulation model as the primary quantitative tool in measuring the amount of interest rate risk associated with changing market rates. The model quantifies the effects of various interest rate scenarios on projected net interest income and net income over the next 12-24 months. The model measures the impact on net interest income relative to a flat-rate case scenario of hypothetical fluctuations in interest rates over the next 12-24 months. These simulations incorporate assumptions regarding balance sheet growth and mix, pricing and the repricing and maturity characteristics of the existing and projected balance sheet. The impact of interest rate, caps and floors, is also included in the model. Other interest rate-related risks such as prepayment, basis and option risk are also considered. In addition, third parties will join the meetings of ALCO to provide feedback regarding future balance sheet structure, earnings and liquidity strategies. ALCO continuously monitors and manages the balance between interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities. The objective is to manage the impact of fluctuating market rates on net interest income within acceptable levels. In order to meet this objective, management may lengthen or shorten the duration of assets or liabilities.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

Interest rate sensitivity refers to the responsiveness of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities to changes in market interest rates. In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk arising from fluctuations in interest rates. ALCO measures and evaluates the interest rate risk so that we can meet customer demands for various types of loans and leases and deposits. ALCO determines the most appropriate amounts of on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet items. The primary measurements we use to help us manage interest rate sensitivity are an earnings simulation model and an economic value of equity model. These measurements are used in conjunction with competitive pricing analysis and are further described below.

Earnings Simulation Model We believe interest rate risk is effectively measured by our earnings simulation modeling. Earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities and off-balance sheet financial instruments are combined with simulated forecasts of interest rates for the next 12 months. To limit interest rate risk, we have guidelines for our earnings at risk which seek to limit the variance of net interest income in instantaneous changes to interest rates. We also periodically monitor simulations based on various rate scenarios such as non-parallel shifts in market interest rates over time. For changes up or down in rates from our static interest rate forecast over the next 12 months, limits in the decline in net interest income are as follows:

​

​

​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Estimated % Change in Net Interest Income Over 12 Months
September 30, 2024: |  | ​
Instantaneous, Parallel Change in Prevailing Interest Rates Equal to: | ​ | ​
100 basis points increase |  | (1.43)%
200 basis points increase |  | (2.81)%
100 basis points decrease |  | 0.80%
200 basis points decrease | ​ | 1.21%

​

Economic Value of Equity Our economic value of equity model measures the extent that estimated economic values of our assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items will change as a result of interest rate changes. Economic values are determined by discounting expected cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items, which establishes a base case economic value of equity.

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To help monitor our related risk, we’ve established the following policy limits regarding simulated changes in our economic value of equity:

​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Current Estimated Instantaneous Rate Change
September 30, 2024: | ​ | ​
Instantaneous, Parallel Change in Prevailing Interest Rates Equal to: |  |
100 basis points increase |  | (4.97)%
200 basis points increase |  | (10.00)%
100 basis points decrease | ​ | 5.32%
200 basis points decrease | ​ | 8.72%

​

At September 30, 2024, our model results indicated that we were within our policy limits.

​

Liquidity Risk Management

The purpose of liquidity risk management is to ensure that there are sufficient cash flows to satisfy loan and lease demand, deposit withdrawals, and our other needs. Traditional sources of liquidity for a bank include asset maturities and growth in core deposits. A bank may achieve its desired liquidity objectives from the management of its assets and liabilities and by internally generated funding through its operations. Funds invested in marketable instruments that can be readily sold and the continuous maturing of other earning assets are sources of liquidity from an asset perspective. The liability base provides sources of liquidity through attraction of increased deposits and borrowing funds from various other institutions.

Changes in interest rates also affect our liquidity position. We currently price deposits in response to market rates and intend to continue this policy. If deposits are not priced in response to market rates, a loss of deposits could occur which would negatively affect our liquidity position.

Scheduled loan and lease payments are a relatively stable source of funds, but loan and lease payoffs and deposit flows fluctuate significantly, being influenced by interest rates, general economic conditions and competition. Additionally, debt securities are subject to prepayment and call provisions that could accelerate their payoff prior to stated maturity. We attempt to price our deposit products to meet our asset/liability objectives consistent with local market conditions. Our ALCO is responsible for monitoring our ongoing liquidity needs. Our regulators also monitor our liquidity and capital resources on a periodic basis.

The Company has $1.5 million in securities that mature throughout the next 12 months. The Company also has unused borrowing capacity in the amount of $917.7 million available with the Federal Reserve, Federal Home Loan Bank, several correspondent banks and a line of credit. With these sources of funds, the Company currently anticipates adequate liquidity to meet the expected obligations of its customers.

​

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

The information presented in the Market Risk and Liquidity Risk Management section of the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section of this report is incorporated herein by reference.

​

​

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including SmartFinancial’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, SmartFinancial has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of September 30, 2024 (the “Evaluation Date”). Based on such evaluation, SmartFinancial’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, SmartFinancial’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by SmartFinancial in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) accumulated and communicated to SmartFinancial’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decision regarding the required disclosure and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

There were no changes in SmartFinancial’s internal control over financial reporting during SmartFinancial’s fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2024, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, SmartFinancial’s internal control over financial reporting.

​

​

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

SmartFinancial, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, SmartBank, are periodically involved as a plaintiff or a defendant in various legal actions in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these matters is not currently determinable, management does not expect the disposition of any of these matters to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, financial statements or results of operations.

​

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed under “Part I – Item 1A – Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. These factors could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and capital position, and could cause our actual results to differ materially from our historical results or the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. Please be aware that these risks may change over time and other risks may prove to be important in the future.

There are no material changes during the period covered by this report to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

| (a) | Not applicable

| (b) | Not applicable

| (c) | Issuer Purchases of Registered Equity Securities

On November 20, 2018, the Company announced that its board of directors had authorized a stock repurchase plan pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to $10.0 million in shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock. Stock repurchases under the plan will be made from time to time in the open market, at the discretion of the management of the Company, and in accordance with applicable legal requirements. The stock repurchase plan does not obligate the Company to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares, and the program may be extended, modified, amended, suspended, or discontinued at any time. As of September 30, 2024, we have purchased $8.5 million of the authorized $10.0 million and may purchase up to an additional $1.5 million in the Company’s outstanding common stock.

The following table summarizes the Company’s repurchase activity during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Maximum
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Number (or
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Approximate
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Dollar Value) of
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Shares That May
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Total Number of Shares | ​ | Yet Be Purchased
​ | ​ | Total Number of | ​ | Weighted | ​ | Purchased as Part of | ​ | Under the Plans
​ | ​ | Shares | ​ | Average Price Paid | ​ | Publicly Announced | ​ | or Programs (in
Period |  | Repurchased |  | Per Share |  | Plans or Programs |  | thousands)
July 1, 2024 to July 31, 2024 | ​ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | —
August 1, 2024 to August 31, 2024 |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
September 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024 |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | —
Total | ​ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | — | ​ | $ | —

​

​

​

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not Applicable.

​

Item 5. Other Information.

| (a) | Not applicable

| (b) | Not applicable

| (c) | Pursuant to Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K, none of the Company's directors or executive officers adopted, terminated or modified a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

​

Item 6. Exhibits

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Exhibit No. |  | Description |  | Location
3.1 | ​ | Second Amended and Restated Charter of SmartFinancial, Inc. | ​ | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Form 8-K filed September 2, 2015
3.2 | ​ | Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of SmartFinancial, Inc. | ​ | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed October 26, 2015
31.1 | ​ | Certification pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a)/15d-14(a) | ​ | Filed herewith.
31.2 | ​ | Certification pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a)/15d-14(a) | ​ | Filed herewith.
32.1 | ​ | Certification pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350 -Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ​ | Furnished herewith.
32.2 | ​ | Certification pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350 -Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | ​ | Furnished herewith.
101 | ​ | Interactive Data Files (formatted as Inline XBRL) | ​ | Filed herewith.
104 | ​ | Cover Page Interactive Data File (Formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | ​ | Filed herewith

* Certain schedules and similar attachments have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The registrant will furnish a copy of any omitted schedule to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

​

​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | SmartFinancial, Inc.
​ | ​ | ​
Date: | November 12, 2024 | /s/ William Y. Carroll, Jr.
​ | ​ | William Y. Carroll, Jr.
​ | ​ | President and Chief Executive Officer
​ | ​ | (principal executive officer)
​ | ​ | ​
Date: | November 12, 2024 | /s/ Ronald J. Gorczynski
​ | ​ | Ronald J. Gorczynski
​ | ​ | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
​ | ​ | (principal financial officer and accounting officer)

​

​

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