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Note 9 - Stockholders' Equity | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements |
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block] | NOTE 9: STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY a. Common stock: Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the Company’s stockholders. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in all of the Company’s assets. The Board of Directors may declare a dividend out of funds legally available therefore and the holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably any such dividends. Holders of common stock have no preemptive rights or other subscription rights to convert their shares into any other securities. b. Preferred stock: The Company is authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. Such preferred stock may be issued by the Board of Directors from time to time in one or more series. These series may have designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, exchange rights, voting rights, redemption rights (including sinking and purchase fund provisions), and dissolution preferences as may be determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. c. Share repurchase program: In August 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program for up to one million shares of common stock which was further extended by an additional five million shares in 2010, 2013 and 2014. In May 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase by the Company of an additional 700,000 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2019, there were no shares of common stock available for repurchase under the Company’s share repurchase program. In 2017, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock. In 2018, the Company repurchased 655,876 shares of common stock at an average purchase price of $30.51 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $20,008. In 2019, the Company repurchased 355,180 shares of common stock at an average purchase price of $25.66 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $9,113. d. Employee and non-employee stock plans: The Company grants a mix of stock options, SARs capped with a ceiling and RSUs to employees and non-employee directors of the Company and its subsidiaries under the Company’s equity plans and provides the right to purchase common stock pursuant to the Company’s 2002 employee stock purchase plan to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. The SAR unit confers the holder the right to stock appreciation over a preset price of the Company’s common stock during a specified period of time. When the unit is exercised, the appreciation amount is paid through the issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock. The ceiling limits the maximum income for each SAR unit. SARs are considered an equity instrument as it is a net share settled award capped with a ceiling ( 400% for all SAR grants made in years prior to 2016. Starting in 2016, the Company ceased to grant SAR units). The options and SARs granted under the Company’s stock incentive plans have been granted at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. Options and SARs granted to employees under stock incentive plans vest at a rate of 25% of the shares underlying the option after one year and the remaining shares vest in equal portions over the following 36 months, such that all shares are vested after four years. Options granted to non-employee directors vest 25% of the shares underlying the option on each anniversary of the option grant. In connection with the Company’s acquisition of RivieraWaves, on July 7, 2014, the Company issued an aggregate of 113,000 SARs to 27 employees of RivieraWaves who joined the Company in connection with the acquisition. The value of these grants was not included in the acquisition price of RivieraWaves. The SARs were granted outside of the Company’s existing equity plans and were granted as a material inducement to such individuals entering into employment with the Company, in accordance with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635 (c)( 4 ). All of the SARs were priced at $15.17, the fair market value on the grant date, and vest over four years, with 25% of the SARs vesting after one year and the remaining vest in equal portions over the following 36 months, such that all such SARs vested as of December 31, 2018, subject to the employee's continuous service through each vesting date. The SARs have a ceiling limit for maximum income capped at 400%, expire seven years from the grant date and are subject to the terms and condition of the individual SAR agreements. The SAR grants were approved by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. A summary of the Company’s stock option and SARs activities and related information for the year ended December 31, 2019, is as follows:
|  | Number of options and SAR units (1) |  |  | Weighted average exercise price |  |  | Weighted average remaining contractual term |  |  | Aggregate intrinsic-value |
Outstanding at the beginning of the year |  |  | 702,817 |  |  | $ | 19.88 |  |  |  | 4.3 |  |  | $ | 2,708 |
Granted |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (54,834 | ) |  |  | 16.71 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited or expired |  |  | (5,730 | ) |  |  | 20.08 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at the end of the year (2) |  |  | 642,253 |  |  | $ | 20.14 |  |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | $ | 4,718 |
Exercisable at the end of the year (3) |  |  | 616,253 |  |  | $ | 19.80 |  |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | $ | 4,718 |
| ( 1 ) | The SAR units are convertible for a maximum number of shares of the Company’s common stock equal to 75% of the SAR units subject to the grant.
| ( 2 ) | Due to the ceiling imposed on the SAR grants, the outstanding amount equals a maximum of 596,877 shares of the Company's common stock issuable upon exercise.
| ( 3 ) | Due to the ceiling imposed on the SAR grants, the exercisable amount equals a maximum of 570,877 shares of the Company's common stock issuable upon exercise.
In 2017, 2018 and 2019, the Company did not grant options and/or SARs. The total intrinsic value of options and SARs exercised during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 was $15,188, $384 and $629, respectively. The options and SARs granted to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries and the options granted to non-employee directors of the Company which were outstanding as of December 31, 2019 have been classified into a range of exercise prices as follows:
|  |  |  | Outstanding |  |  | Exercisable |
Exercise price (range) |  | Number of options and SARs |  |  | Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) |  |  | Weighted average exercise price |  |  | Number of options and SARs |  |  | Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) |  |  | Weighted average exercise price |
14.16 | - | 18.62 |  |  | 299,836 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | $ | 15.64 |  |  |  | 299,836 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | $ | 15.64 |
19.36 | - | 19.83 |  |  | 172,166 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  | $ | 19.42 |  |  |  | 172,166 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  | $ | 19.42 |
24.86 | - | 30.60 |  |  | 170,251 |  |  | 4.8 |  |  | $ | 28.81 |  |  |  | 144,251 |  |  | 4.4 |  |  | $ | 28.88 |
|  |  |  |  | 642,253 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | $ | 20.14 |  |  |  | 616,253 |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | $ | 19.80 |
A RSU award is an agreement to issue shares of the Company’s common stock at the time the award or a portion thereof vests. RSUs granted to employees generally vest in three equal annual installments starting on the first anniversary of the grant date. Until the end of 2017, RSUs granted to non-employee directors would generally vest in full on the first anniversary of the grant date. Starting in 2018, RSUs granted to non-employee directors would generally vest in two equal annual installments starting on the first anniversary of the grant date. On May 7, 2019, the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company approved, effective immediately, an amendment to the RSU award granted to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”) on February 19, 2019, consisting of 30,000 RSUs that vest in a three -year period (the “Prior RSU Award”). The Committee and the CEO mutually agreed to amend the Prior RSU Award. In lieu of the Prior RSU Award, the CEO received ( 1 ) 10,000 time-based RSUs with the same original three -year vesting schedule starting with 1/3 on February 19, 2020, and ( 2 ) an opportunity to receive up to 24,000 performance-based PSUs shares based on the Company’s achievement of the 2019 license and related revenue goal approved by the Board of Directors (the “2019 License Revenue Target”). If the Company’s results equal 100% of the 2019 License Revenue Target, the CEO would receive 20,000 PSUs. If the Company’s results were between 90% to 99% of the 2019 License Revenue Target, the CEO would receive the same proportion of the 20,000 PSUs. If the Company’s results exceeded 100% of the 2019 License Revenue Target, every 1% increase of the 2019 License Revenue Target, up to 120%, would result in an increase of 1% of the 20,000 PSUs to be awarded to the CEO. In 2019, the Company achieved 116% of the 2019 License Revenue Target, so based on the PSU award conditions, the CEO received 23,200 PSUs. The PSUs vest in a three -year period, with 1/3 of the PSUs vested on February 19, 2020, and thereafter 1/3 of the remaining PSUs would vest on each of February 19, 2021 and February 19, 2022. On July 19, 2019, the Company issued a total of 52,000 RSUs to 22 employees who joined the Company in connection with the Company's acquisition of the Hillcrest Labs business. The RSUs were granted outside of the Company’s existing equity plans and were granted as inducements to employment in accordance with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635 (c)( 4 ). The RSUs were priced at $25.41, the fair market value on the grant date, and would vest over three years, with 34% of the RSUs vesting after one year and the remaining vest in equal portions over the following 24 months, such that all RSUs vest after three years, subject to the employee's continuous service through each vesting date. A summary of the Company’s RSU and PSU activities and related information for the year ended December 31, 2019, is as follows:
|  | Number of RSUs and PSUs |  |  | Weighted average Grant-Date fair value |
Unvested as at the beginning of the year |  |  | 564,390 |  |  | $ | 32.28 |
Granted |  |  | 509,309 |  |  |  | 27.74 |
Vested |  |  | (282,557 | ) |  |  | 29.94 |
Forfeited |  |  | (58,578 | ) |  |  | 31.18 |
Unvested at the end of the year |  |  | 732,564 |  |  | $ | 30.11 |
Stock Plans As of December 31, 2019, the Company maintains the Company’s 2003 Director Stock Option Plan (the “Director Plan”) and the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan” and together with the Director Plan, the “Stock Plans”). As of December 31, 2019, options, SARs, RSUs and PSUs to purchase 671,132 shares of common stock were available for grant under the Stock Plans. 2011 Stock Incentive Plan The 2011 Plan was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors in February 2011 and stockholders on May 17, 2011. Up to 2,350,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of future stock splits, future stock dividends or other similar changes in the common stock or the Company’s capital structure), plus the number of shares that remain available for grant of awards under the Company’s 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Plan), plus any shares that would otherwise return to the 2002 Plan as a result of forfeiture, termination or expiration of awards previously granted under the 2002 plan (subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits and other similar events), are reserved for issuance under the 2011 Plan. The 2002 Plan was automatically terminated and replaced and superseded by the 2011 Plan, except that any awards previously granted under the 2002 Plan shall remain in effect pursuant to their term. As of December 31, 2019, there were no outstanding equity awards remaining in the 2002 Plan. The 2011 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options intended to qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, nonqualified stock options, restricted stock, RSUs, dividend equivalent rights and stock appreciation rights. Officers, employees, directors, outside consultants and advisors of the Company and those of the Company’s present and future parent and subsidiary corporations are eligible to receive awards under the 2011 Plan. Under current U.S. tax laws, incentive stock options may only be granted to employees. The 2011 Plan permits the Company's Board of Directors or a committee thereof to determine how grantees may pay the exercise or purchase price of their awards. Unless sooner terminated, the 2011 Plan is effective until February 2021. The Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof has authority to administer the 2011 Plan. The Company’s Board of Directors has the authority to adopt, amend and repeal the administrative rules, guidelines and practices relating to the 2011 Plan and to interpret its provisions. 2003 Director Stock Option Plan Under the Director Plan, 1,350,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of future stock splits, future stock dividends or other similar changes in the common stock or the Company’s capital structure) are authorized for issuance. The Director Plan provides for the grant of nonqualified stock options to non-employee directors. Options must be granted at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. Options may not be granted for a term in excess of ten years. Under the original terms of the Director Plan, (a) any person who becomes a non-employee director of the Company was automatically granted an option to purchase 38,000 shares of common stock, (b) on June 30 of each year, beginning in 2004, each non-employee director who had served on the Company’s Board of Directors for at least six ( 6 ) months as of such date was automatically granted an option with the exercise price being the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of July 1 st of each year to purchase 13,000 shares of common stock, and each non-employee director would receive an option with the exercise price being the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of July 1 st of each year to purchase 13,000 shares of common stock for each committee on which he or she had served as chairperson for at least six months prior to such date, and (c) the Chairman of the Board was granted an additional option with the exercise price being the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of July 1 st of each year to purchase 15,000 shares of common stock on an annual basis. In February 2015, the Board suspended the automatic grant of stock options to each non-employee director and the Chairman of the Board under the Director Plan. In lieu of the automatic stock option grants under the Director Plan, the Board approved an equity award to all current directors of the Company consisting solely of RSUs granted under the 2011 Plan. From February 2015 to 2017, the Chairman of the Board of Directors would receive a RSU award with an annualized value of $268,520, directors with a chairperson position on any committee of the Board of Directors would receive a RSU award with an annualized value of $249,340 and all other directors would receive a RSU award with an annualized value of $124,670. In response to market trends, in lieu of the prior annualized values of the RSU awards to directors, starting in July 2018, each director was granted shares of RSUs based on an annualized value of $124,670, which vest 50% on the first year anniversary of the grant date and the remaining 50% on the second year anniversary of the grant date. In July 2018 and 2019, based on the new parameters, the directors of the Company received a grant of RSUs in the aggregate amount of 28,896 RSUs and 35,399 RSUs, respectively. In February 2019, the Board determined that each new director of the Company, in lieu of an option to purchase 38,000 shares of common stock, would receive a RSU award with an annualized value of $124,670. The Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof may grant additional options to purchase common stock with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board of Directors in recognition of services provided by a non-employee director in his or her capacity as a director. The Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof has authority to administer the Director Plan. The Company’s Board of Directors or a committee thereof has the authority to adopt, amend and repeal the administrative rules, guidelines and practices relating to the Director Plan and to interpret its provisions. 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) The ESPP was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholder in July 2002. The ESPP is intended to qualify as an “Employee Stock Purchase Plan” under Section 423 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code and is intended to provide the Company’s employees with an opportunity to purchase shares of common stock through payroll deductions. An aggregate of 2,700,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of future stock splits, future stock dividends or other similar changes in the common stock or the Company’s capital structure) are reserved for issuance. As of December 31, 2019, 109,123 shares of common stock were available for future issuance under the ESPP. All of the Company’s employees who are regularly employed for more than five months in any calendar year and work 20 hours or more per week are eligible to participate in the ESPP. Non-employee directors, consultants, and employees subject to the rules or laws of a foreign jurisdiction that prohibit or make impractical their participation in an employee stock purchase plan are not eligible to participate in the ESPP. The ESPP designates offer periods, purchase periods and exercise dates. Offer periods generally will be overlapping periods of 24 months. Purchase periods generally will be six -month periods. Exercise dates are the last day of each purchase period. In the event the Company merges with or into another corporation, sells all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, or enters into other transactions in which all of the Company’s stockholders before the transaction own less than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Company’s outstanding securities following the transaction, the Company’s Board of Directors or a committee designated by the Board may elect to shorten the offer period then in progress. The price per share at which shares of common stock may be purchased under the ESPP during any purchase period is the lesser of:
| ● | 85% of the fair market value of common stock on the date of grant of the purchase right, which is the commencement of an offer period; or
| ● | 85% of the fair market value of common stock on the exercise date, which is the last day of a purchase period.
The participant’s purchase right is exercised in the above noted manner on each exercise date arising during the offer period unless, on the first day of any purchase period, the fair market value of common stock is lower than the fair market value of common stock on the first day of the offer period. If so, the participant’s participation in the original offer period will be terminated, and the participant will automatically be enrolled in the new offer period effective the same date. The ESPP is administered by the Board of Directors or a committee designated by the Board, which will have the authority to terminate or amend the plan, subject to specified restrictions, and otherwise to administer and resolve all questions relating to the administration of the plan. e. Dividend policy: The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its capital stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208762 + Details
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