Stockholders' Equity


(a)	Dividends on Preferred Stock

The Company had 200,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, with 12,000,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

At December 31, 2018, the Company had designated 6,000,000 shares of 7.75% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”), 4,140,000 shares of 7.875% Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred Stock”), and 5,750,000 shares of 8.00% Series D Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”). On March 28, 2019, the Company classified and designated an additional 2,460,000 shares and 2,650,000 shares of the Company's authorized but unissued preferred stock as Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, respectively. At March 31, 2019, the Company had designated 6,000,000 shares, 6,600,000 shares and 8,400,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, and Series D Preferred Stock, respectively (collectively, the "Preferred Stock"). The Company had 3,000,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, 3,600,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock and 5,400,000 shares of Series D Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Each of the Series B Preferred Stock and the Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to receive a dividend at a rate of 7.75% and 7.875%, respectively, per year on its $25 liquidation preference. The Series D Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a fixed rate from and including the issue date to, but excluding, October 15, 2027 of 8.00% per year on its $25 liquidation preference. Beginning October 15, 2027, the Series D Preferred Stock is entitled to receive a dividend at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus a spread of 5.695% per year on its $25 liquidation preference. Each series of the Preferred Stock is senior to the common stock with respect to distributions upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

The Preferred Stock generally do not have any voting rights, subject to an exception in the event the Company fails to pay dividends on such stock for six or more quarterly periods (whether or not consecutive). Under such circumstances, holders of Preferred Stock voting together as a single class with the holders of all other classes or series of our preferred stock upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable and which are entitled to vote as a class with the Preferred Stock will be entitled to vote to elect two additional directors to the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) until all unpaid dividends have been paid or declared and set apart for payment. In addition, certain material and adverse changes to the terms of any series of the Preferred Stock cannot be made without the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the series of Preferred Stock whose terms are being changed.

The Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, and Series D Preferred Stock are not redeemable by the Company prior to June 4, 2018, April 22, 2020, and October 15, 2027, respectively, except under circumstances intended to preserve the Company’s qualification as a REIT and except upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (as defined in the Articles Supplementary designating the Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, and Series D Preferred Stock, respectively). On and after June 4, 2018, April 22, 2020, and October 15, 2027, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, and Series D Preferred Stock, respectively, in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, for cash at a redemption price equal to $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends.

In addition, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Preferred Stock in whole or in part, within 120 days after the first date on which such Change of Control occurred, for cash at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends.

The Preferred Stock has no stated maturity, is not subject to any sinking fund or mandatory redemption and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless repurchased or redeemed by the Company or converted into the Company’s common stock in connection with a Change of Control.

Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control, each holder of Preferred Stock will have the right (unless the Company has exercised its right to redeem the Preferred Stock) to convert some or all of the Preferred Stock held by such holder into a number of shares of our common stock per share of the applicable series of Preferred Stock determined by a formula, in each case, on the terms and subject to the conditions described in the applicable Articles Supplementary for such series.

From the time of original issuance of the Preferred Stock through March 31, 2019, the Company has declared and paid all required quarterly dividends on such series of stock. The following table presents the relevant dates with respect to such quarterly cash dividends declared on the Preferred Stock commencing January 1, 2018 through March 31, 2019:



			Cash Dividend Per Share
Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Series B Preferred Stock		Series C Preferred Stock		Series D Preferred Stock
March 19, 2019	April 1, 2019	April 15, 2019	$	0.484375	$	0.4921875	$	0.50
December 4, 2018	January 1, 2019	January 15, 2019	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50
September 17, 2018	October 1, 2018	October 15, 2018	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50
June 18, 2018	July 1, 2018	July 15, 2018	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50
March 19, 2018	April 1, 2018	April 15, 2018	0.484375		0.4921875		0.50


(b)	Dividends on Common Stock

The following table presents cash dividends declared by the Company on its common stock with respect to each of the quarterly periods commencing January 1, 2018 and ended March 31, 2019:



Period	Declaration Date	Record Date	Payment Date	Cash Dividend Per Share
First Quarter 2019	March 19, 2019	March 29, 2019	April 25, 2019	$	0.20
Fourth Quarter 2018	December 4, 2018	December 14, 2018	January 25, 2019	0.20
Third Quarter 2018	September 17, 2018	September 27, 2018	October 26, 2018	0.20
Second Quarter 2018	June 18, 2018	June 28, 2018	July 26, 2018	0.20
First Quarter 2018	March 19, 2018	March 29, 2018	April 26, 2018	0.20


(c)	Public Offering of Common Stock

On January 11, 2019, the Company issued 14,490,000 shares of its common stock through an underwritten public offering, at a public offering price of $5.96 per share, resulting in total net proceeds to the Company of $83.8 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

On March 1, 2019, the Company issued 15,000,000 shares of its common stock through an underwritten public offering, at a public offering price of $6.00 per share. On March 15, 2019, the Company issued 2,250,000 shares of its common stock upon exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase up to an additional 2,250,000 shares of the Company's common stock. The offering resulted in the Company issuing a total of 17,250,000 shares of its common stock for total net proceeds to the Company of $101.2 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses.


(d)	Equity Distribution Agreements

On August 10, 2017, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Common Equity Distribution Agreement”) with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC (“Credit Suisse”), as sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, having a maximum aggregate sales price of up to $100.0 million, from time to time through Credit Suisse. On September 10, 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the Common Equity Distribution Agreement that increased the maximum aggregate sales price to $177.1 million. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares of common stock issuable under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement.

The Common Equity Distribution Agreement replaced the Company’s prior equity distribution agreements with JMP Securities LLC and Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. dated as of March 20, 2015 and August 25, 2016, respectively (the “Prior Equity Distribution Agreements”), pursuant to which up to $39.3 million of aggregate value of the Company's common stock and Series B Preferred Stock remained available for issuance immediately prior to termination. The Prior Equity Distribution Agreements were terminated effective on August 7, 2017.

There were no shares of common stock issued under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018. As of March 31, 2019, approximately $86.4 million of common stock remains available for issuance under the Common Equity Distribution Agreement.

On March 29, 2019, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement (the "Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement") with JonesTrading Institutional Services LLC, as sales agent, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell shares of the Company's Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, having a maximum aggregate gross sales price of up to $50.0 million. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares of Preferred Stock issuable under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement and may at any time suspend solicitations and offers under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement. As of March 31, 2019, $50.0 million of Preferred Stock remains available for issuance under the Preferred Equity Distribution Agreement.