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Multi-family Loans, at Fair Value (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Receivables [Abstract] |
Schedule of Mezzanine Loans and Preferred Equity Investments | Multi-family loans consist of the following as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands):
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Investment amount | $ | 72,313 |  |  | $ | 90,485 |
Unrealized losses, net | (3,666) |  |  | (4,293) |
Total, at Fair Value | $ | 68,647 |  |  | $ | 86,192 |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company invested in subordinated securities issued by Freddie Mac-sponsored residential loan securitizations, resulting in the initial consolidation of the VIEs as shown below (dollar amounts in thousands):
|  | For the Nine Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |
Residential loans, at fair value |  | $ | 247,405 |  |  | $ | 285,057 |  |
Collateralized debt obligations, at fair value |  | (235,226) |  |  | (275,200) |  |
Net investment |  | $ | 12,179 |  |  | $ | 9,857 |  |
The following tables present condensed statements of operations for non-Company-sponsored VIEs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively (dollar amounts in thousands). The following tables include net (loss) income from assets and liabilities of disposal group held for sale and intercompany balances have been eliminated for purposes of this presentation.
|  | For the Three Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024
|  | Consolidated SLST |  | Consolidated Real Estate |  | Total |  | Consolidated SLST |  | Consolidated Real Estate |  | Total
Interest income |  | $ | 14,306 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,306 |  |  | $ | 11,002 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,002 |
Interest expense |  | 11,199 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,199 |  |  | 7,375 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,375 |
Total net interest income |  | 3,107 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,107 |  |  | 3,627 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,627 |
Income from real estate |  | — |  |  | 17,123 |  |  | 17,123 |  |  | — |  |  | 29,096 |  |  | 29,096 |
Expenses related to real estate |  | — |  |  | 19,943 |  |  | 19,943 |  |  | — |  |  | 36,024 |  |  | 36,024 |
Total net loss from real estate |  | — |  |  | (2,820) |  |  | (2,820) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,928) |  |  | (6,928) |
Unrealized gains, net |  | 2,440 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,440 |  |  | 6,753 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,753 |
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments, net |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | (179) |  |  | (179) |
Impairment of real estate |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,402) |  |  | (8,402) |
Other income |  | — |  |  | 138 |  |  | 138 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,266 |  |  | 16,266 |
Total other income (loss) |  | 2,440 |  |  | 146 |  |  | 2,586 |  |  | 6,753 |  |  | 7,685 |  |  | 14,438 |
Net income (loss) |  | 5,547 |  |  | (2,674) |  |  | 2,873 |  |  | 10,380 |  |  | 757 |  |  | 11,137 |
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs |  | — |  |  | 5,035 |  |  | 5,035 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,383 |  |  | 2,383 |
Net income attributable to Company |  | $ | 5,547 |  |  | $ | 2,361 |  |  | $ | 7,908 |  |  | $ | 10,380 |  |  | $ | 3,140 |  |  | $ | 13,520 |
|  | For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024
|  | Consolidated SLST |  | Consolidated Real Estate |  | Total |  | Consolidated SLST |  | Consolidated Real Estate |  | Total
Interest income |  | $ | 36,936 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 36,936 |  |  | $ | 28,284 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28,284 |
Interest expense |  | 26,592 |  |  | — |  |  | 26,592 |  |  | 19,928 |  |  | — |  |  | 19,928 |
Total net interest income |  | 10,344 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,344 |  |  | 8,356 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,356 |
Income from real estate |  | — |  |  | 53,999 |  |  | 53,999 |  |  | — |  |  | 97,725 |  |  | 97,725 |
Expenses related to real estate |  | — |  |  | 60,631 |  |  | 60,631 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,667 |  |  | 134,667 |
Total net loss from real estate |  | — |  |  | (6,632) |  |  | (6,632) |  |  | — |  |  | (36,942) |  |  | (36,942) |
Unrealized gains, net |  | 11,225 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,225 |  |  | 7,259 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,259 |
Gains on derivative instruments, net |  | — |  |  | 54 |  |  | 54 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,668 |  |  | 2,668 |
Impairment of real estate |  | — |  |  | (7,180) |  |  | (7,180) |  |  | — |  |  | (44,173) |  |  | (44,173) |
Loss on reclassification of disposal group |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,636) |  |  | (14,636) |
Other income |  | — |  |  | 141 |  |  | 141 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,272 |  |  | 16,272 |
Total other income (loss) |  | 11,225 |  |  | (6,985) |  |  | 4,240 |  |  | 7,259 |  |  | (39,869) |  |  | (32,610) |
Net income (loss) |  | 21,569 |  |  | (13,617) |  |  | 7,952 |  |  | 15,615 |  |  | (76,811) |  |  | (61,196) |
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest in Consolidated VIEs |  | — |  |  | 14,231 |  |  | 14,231 |  |  | — |  |  | 33,034 |  |  | 33,034 |
Net income (loss) attributable to Company |  | $ | 21,569 |  |  | $ | 614 |  |  | $ | 22,183 |  |  | $ | 15,615 |  |  | $ | (43,777) |  |  | $ | (28,162) |
Schedule of Preferred Equity and Mezzanine Loans, Fair Value Compared to Unpaid Principal | The table below presents the fair value and aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company's multi-family loan in non-accrual status as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (dollar amounts in thousands):
Days Late |  |  | Fair Value (1) |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
90 + |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,363 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(1)The Company has reduced the fair value of the multi-family loan to zero as a result of developments with respect to the property, its financing and market conditions.
Schedule of Geographic Concentration of Credit Risk Exceeding 5% of Balances | The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the unpaid principal balance of residential loans, at fair value as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, are as follows:
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
| Residential loans |  | Consolidated SLST |  | Residential loans held in securitization trusts |  | Residential loans |  | Consolidated SLST |  | Residential loans held in securitization trusts
California | 14.2 | % |  | 11.2 | % |  | 16.6 | % |  | 23.0 | % |  | 11.7 | % |  | 20.2 | %
Florida | 10.2 | % |  | 8.7 | % |  | 10.5 | % |  | 10.4 | % |  | 9.1 | % |  | 12.2 | %
New York | 7.2 | % |  | 10.7 | % |  | 6.7 | % |  | 6.6 | % |  | 10.8 | % |  | 6.6 | %
New Jersey | 7.1 | % |  | 6.2 | % |  | 6.1 | % |  | 8.0 | % |  | 6.8 | % |  | 5.2 | %
Pennsylvania | 6.1 | % |  | 3.8 | % |  | 5.5 | % |  | 5.1 | % |  | 3.9 | % |  | 3.8 | %
Ohio | 5.9 | % |  | 3.4 | % |  | 4.0 | % |  | 3.6 | % |  | 1.6 | % |  | 2.0 | %
Texas | 4.8 | % |  | 4.4 | % |  | 7.0 | % |  | 6.2 | % |  | 4.4 | % |  | 7.9 | %
Illinois | 4.1 | % |  | 7.4 | % |  | 3.3 | % |  | 2.2 | % |  | 6.3 | % |  | 3.1 | %
The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the unpaid principal balance of residential loans held for sale, at fair value as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:
| September 30, 2025 |
Ohio | 12.5 | % |
Pennsylvania | 12.0 | % |
New Jersey | 10.8 | % |
Illinois | 9.3 | % |
Tennessee | 8.4 | % |
The geographic concentrations of credit risk exceeding 5% of the total multi-family loan investment amounts as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, are as follows:
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Texas | 46.8 | % |  | 36.1 | %
Florida | 15.1 | % |  | 11.6 | %
Louisiana | 11.2 | % |  | 8.8 | %
North Carolina | 7.7 | % |  | 6.2 | %
Arkansas | 7.6 | % |  | 10.3 | %
Indiana | 7.0 | % |  | 5.6 | %

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5A -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-5A Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-9 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-4 Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-6 + Details
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