Debt

Total debt, net of debt issuance costs, is summarized in the following table ($ in millions):



	December 31, 2018			December 31, 2017
Revolving credit agreement - U.S. dollar borrowings	$	76.0		$	344.5
Revolving credit agreement - Euro borrowings	—			26.4
Term loan facility	199.5			—
Term loan A-1	—			60.0
Term loan A-2	—			244.4
6.875% senior unsecured notes due October 1, 2026, net of discount of $7.6 million	342.4			—
French employee profit sharing	6.6			9.1
Long-term capital lease obligations	4.7			4.1
Other	0.1			1.5
Debt issuance costs	(7.2		)	(5.8		)
Total debt	622.1			684.2
Less: Current debt	(3.3		)	(5.1		)
Long-term debt	$	618.8		$	679.1

New Credit Facility

On September 25, 2018, the Company entered into a $700.0 million credit agreement (the “New Credit Agreement”), which replaces the Company’s existing senior secured credit facilities and provides for a five-year $500.0 million revolving line of credit (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and a seven-year $200.0 million bank term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility”). Subject to certain conditions, including the absence of a default or event of default under the New Credit Agreement, the Company may request incremental loans to be extended under the Revolving Credit Facility or the Term Loan Facility so long as the Company is in pro forma compliance with the financial covenants set forth in the New Credit Agreement and the aggregate of such increases does not exceed $400.0 million.

Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility will initially bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either (i) 1.75% in excess of a reserve adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or (ii) 0.75% in excess of an alternative base rate. Borrowings under the Term Loan Facility will initially bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either (i) 2.00% in excess of a reserve adjusted LIBOR rate or (ii) 1.00% in excess of an alternative base rate. The Term Loan amortizes at the rate of 1.0% per year and will mature on September 25, 2025.

Under the terms of the New Credit Agreement, the Company will be required to maintain certain financial ratios and comply with certain financial covenants, including maintaining a net debt to EBITDA ratio, as defined in the New Credit Agreement, calculated on a trailing four fiscal quarter basis, not greater than 4.50 and an interest coverage ratio, also as defined in the New Credit Agreement, of not less than 3.00. In addition, borrowings and loans made under the New Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of the personal property of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries, while the obligations of the Luxembourg-based holding subsidiaries were secured by a pledge of certain of the equity interests held in their operating subsidiaries. The Company was in compliance with all of its covenants under the New Credit Agreement at December 31, 2018.

Also on September 25, 2018, the Company borrowed approximately $91.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and $200.0 million under the Term Loan Facility. The Company utilized these borrowings under the New Credit Agreement together with the net proceeds from the offering of the Senior Unsecured Notes discussed below to refinance all amounts outstanding under the Company’s Prior Credit Agreement and to pay related fees and expenses.

As of December 31, 2018, the average interest rate was 4.31% on outstanding US Revolving Credit Facility borrowings and 4.56% on outstanding Term Loan Facility borrowings.

Indenture for 6.875% Senior Unsecured Notes Due 2026

On September 25, 2018, the Company closed a private offering of $350.0 million of 6.875% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (the “Notes”). The Notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to a purchase agreement between the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as representative of the initial purchasers. The Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by each of the Company’s existing and future wholly-owned subsidiaries that is a borrower under or that guarantees obligations under the New Credit Agreement (as defined below) or that guarantees certain other indebtedness, subject to certain exceptions.

The Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture (the “Indenture”), dated as of September 25, 2018, by and among the Company, the guarantors listed therein and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee. The Indenture provides that interest on the Notes will accrue from September 25, 2018 and is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2019, and the Notes mature on October 1, 2026.

The Company may redeem some or all of the Notes at any time on or after October 1, 2021, at the redemption prices set forth in the Indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to October 1, 2021, the Company may redeem some or all of the Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus a “make-whole” premium as set forth in the Indenture. The Company may redeem up to 35% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes on or prior to October 1, 2021 with the proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 106.875% of the principal amount of the Notes. If the Company sells certain assets or consummates certain change of control transactions, the Company will be required to make an offer to repurchase the Notes, subject to certain conditions.

The Indenture contains certain covenants that, among other things, limit the Company’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness, make certain dividends, repurchase Company stock or make other distributions, make certain investments, create liens, transfer or sell assets, merge or consolidate and enter into transactions with the Company’s affiliates. Such covenants are subject to a number of exceptions and qualifications set forth in the Indenture. The Indenture also contains certain customary events of default, including failure to make payments in respect of the principal amount of the Notes, failure to make payments of interest on the Notes when due and payable, failure to comply with certain covenants and agreements and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency. The Company was in compliance with all of its covenants under the Indenture at December 31, 2018.

The effective interest rate on the 6.875% senior unsecured notes due 2026, taking into account all underwriter and original issue discounts, was 7.248%.

Prior Credit Agreement

On December 1, 2016, the Company entered into the First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("First Amendment") with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent. Under the terms of the First Amendment, and effective upon the closing of the Conwed acquisition on January 20, 2017, the Company's maximum net debt to EBITDA ratio, as defined in the First Amendment, calculated on a trailing four fiscal quarter basis, was required to be not greater than 4.25 at December 31, 2017, reducing to 4.00 after December 31, 2017, 3.75 after March 31, 2018, 3.50 after June 30, 2018 and 3.00 after December 31, 2018.

On October 28, 2015, the Company, together with two of its Luxembourg-based wholly-owned holding subsidiaries, entered into the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, or the Amended Credit Agreement, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, providing for credit facilities in the aggregate principal amount of $1 billion, consisting of a $650 million revolving credit facility, or Revolving Credit Facility available to the Company; a $100 million Term Loan A-1 (“Term Loan A-1”) made to the Company; and a $250 million Term Loan A-2 (“Term Loan A-2” and, together with Term Loan A-1, the “Term Loans”) made to the Company. The Revolving Credit Facility was to mature on October 28, 2020. The Term Loan A-1 amortized at the rate of 5.0% for the first two years, at the rate of 10.0% for the final three years and was to mature on October 28, 2020. The Term Loan A-2 amortizes at the rate of 1.0% per year and matures on October 28, 2022. The Term Loans were generally subject to mandatory repayment out of the net cash proceeds of asset sales which are not reinvested in operating assets. The credit facilities were secured by substantially all of the personal property of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries, while the obligations of the Luxembourg-based holding subsidiaries were secured by a pledge of certain of the equity interests held in their operating subsidiaries. In December 2015, the Company prepaid the full amount of amortization for Term Loan A-1, which totaled $40 million.

The interest rate margins applicable to the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loans under the Amended Credit Agreement were based on a fluctuating rate of interest measured by reference to either, at the Company's option, (i) a base rate, plus an applicable margin, which ranged from 0.25% to 1.50%, in the case of the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan A-1, and from 0.50% to 1.75%, in the case of Term Loan A-2, or (ii) an adjusted London interbank offered rate (adjusted for maximum reserves) (“LIBOR”), plus an applicable margin, which ranged from 1.25% to 2.50%, in the case of the Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan A-1, and from 1.50% to 2.75%, in the case of Term Loan A-2. The applicable margin, in each case, was adjusted from time to time based on the Company's ratio of net debt to EBITDA as defined by the Amended Credit Agreement.

French Employee Profit Sharing

At both December 31, 2018 and 2017, long-term debt other than the Amended Credit Agreement primarily consisted of obligations of the French operations related to government-mandated profit sharing. Each year, representatives of the workers at each of the French businesses can make an election for the profit sharing amounts from the most recent year ended to be invested in a financial institution or with their respective employer. To the extent that funds are invested with the Company, these amounts bear interest at 1.04% and 1.15% at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and are generally payable in the fifth year subsequent to the year in which the profit sharing is accrued.

Bank Overdrafts

The Company also had bank overdraft facilities of $6.1 million and $20.0 million, at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of which none was outstanding at either December 31, 2018 or 2017. Interest is incurred on outstanding amounts at market rates and was 0.26% and 0.24%, respectively, at December 31, 2018 and 2017. No commitment fees are paid on the unused portion of these facilities.

Rate Swap Agreements

From time to time, the Company enters into interest rate swap transactions to manage the Company's interest rate risk and cross-currency swaps designated as a hedge of a portion of the Company's net investment in certain Euro-denominated subsidiaries. See Note 15. Derivatives for additional information.

Principal Repayments

Under the New Credit Agreement, the Company selects an "interest period" for each of its borrowings from the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company can repay such borrowings and borrow again at a subsequent date if it chooses to do so, providing it flexibility and efficient use of any excess cash. The Company currently has the intent and ability to allow its debt balances to remain outstanding and expects to continue to file notices of continuation related to its borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2018 such that those amounts are not expected to be repaid prior to the September 2023 expiration of the Revolving Credit Facility. Following are the expected maturities for the Company's debt obligations as of December 31, 2018 ($ in millions):



2019	$	4.6
2020	3.2
2021	3.9
2022	3.8
2023	79.0
Thereafter	542.4
Total	$	636.9

Fair Value of Debt

At December 31, 2018, the fair market value of the Company's 6.875% senior unsecured notes was $331.6 million. The fair market value for the senior unsecured notes was determined using quoted market prices, which are directly observable Level 1 inputs. The fair market value of all other debt as of December 31, 2018 approximated the respective carrying amounts as the interest rates are variable and based on current market indices. At December 31, 2017, the estimated fair values of the Company’s current and long-term debt approximated the respective carrying amounts as the interest rates were variable and based on current market indices.

Debt Issuance Costs

In conjunction with the Indenture and New Credit Agreement, the Company capitalized approximately $3.6 million in deferred debt issuance costs during the year ended December 31, 2018 which will be amortized over the term of the related debt instruments. Additionally, the Company wrote-off $0.5 million in deferred debt issuance costs related to the prior debt facilities. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's total deferred debt issuance costs, net of accumulated amortization, were $7.2 million and $5.8 million, respectively.

Amortization expense of $1.7 million and $1.8 million was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and has been included as a component of Interest Expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. Following is the expected future amortization of the Company's deferred debt issuance costs as of December 31, 2018 ($ in millions):



2019	$	1.3
2020	1.3
2021	1.3
2022	1.3
2023	1.0
Thereafter	1.0
Total	$	7.2