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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
For interim financial reporting, the Company estimates the annual tax rate based on projected taxable income for the full year and records a quarterly income tax provision in accordance with ASC 740-270, Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods. These interim estimates are subject to variation due to several factors, including the ability of the Company to accurately forecast pre-tax and taxable income and loss by jurisdiction, changes in laws or regulations, and expenses or losses for which tax benefits are not recognized. Jurisdictions with a projected loss for the year or an actual year-to-date loss where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate. The impact of including these jurisdictions on the quarterly effective tax rate calculations could result in a higher or lower effective tax rate during a quarter, based upon the mix and timing of actual earnings versus annual projections.

The Company's effective tax rate from continuing operations was 13.3% and (6.2)% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The net change was primarily due to mix of earnings, impact from valuation allowance changes in the current and prior periods, and a goodwill impairment not deductible for tax purposes in the prior period. The Company's effective tax rate from continuing operations was 20.8% and (6.5)% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The net change was primarily due to mix of earnings, impact from valuation allowance changes in the current and prior periods, and a goodwill impairment not deductible for tax purposes in the prior period.
Prior to the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("Tax Act"), the Company asserted that substantially all of the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries were considered indefinitely reinvested and accordingly, no deferred taxes were provided. Due to the Tax Act, the Company has significant previously taxed earnings and profits from its foreign subsidiaries, as a result of transition tax, that it is generally able to be repatriated free of U.S. federal tax. In addition, future earnings of foreign subsidiaries are generally expected to be able to be repatriated free of U.S. federal income tax because these earnings were taxed in the U.S. under the GILTI regime or would be eligible for a 100% dividends received deduction. As a result of the Company’s treasury policy to simplify and expediate its intercompany cash flows, as evidenced by the use of cash pooling, and in light of the Company’s demonstrated goal of driving growth though inorganic/acquisitional means, the Company does not assert indefinite reinvestment to the extent of each controlled foreign corporation's earnings and profits and to the extent of any foreign partnership’s U.S. tax capital accounts. As a result, the Company has provided for non-U.S. withholding taxes, U.S. federal tax related to currency movement on previously taxed earnings and profits, and U.S. state taxes on unremitted earnings.

All unrecognized tax positions could impact the Company's effective tax rate if recognized. There have been no material changes to the Company’s unrecognized tax positions for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. With respect to penalties and interest incurred from income tax assessments or related to unrecognized tax benefits, the Company’s policy is to classify penalties as provision for income taxes and interest as interest expense in its unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). There were no material income tax penalties or interest accrued during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 or 2023.
Many jurisdictions in which the Company operates have implemented Pillar Two legislation becoming effective in 2024, and others are considering implementation of Pillar Two rules. While such new rules introduce complexity into the Company’s calculation of income tax expense, Pillar Two does not have a material impact as of the third quarter of 2024. Due to the novelty and complexity of Pillar Two, the Company continues to monitor for advancements and further guidance in Pillar Two rules, considering impacts of such developments on its tax expense.