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Table of Contents

​

​

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

​

FORM 10-Q

​

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

​

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2025

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

​

Commission File Number: 001-32657

​

NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

​

​ | ​ | ​
Bermuda | ​ | 98-0363970
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | ​ | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

​

Crown House

Second Floor

4 Par-la-Ville Road

Hamilton, HM08

Bermuda

(Address of principal executive office)

(441) 292-1510

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

​

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

​

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common shares, $.05 par value per share | NBR | NYSE

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

​

​ | ​ | ​
Large Accelerated Filer ☒ | ​ | Accelerated Filer ☐
​ | ​ | ​
Non-accelerated Filer ☐ | ​ | Smaller reporting company ☐
​ | Emerging growth company ☐ | ​

​

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

​

The number of common shares, par value $.05 per share, outstanding as of October 27, 2025 was 14,561,171, excluding 1,161,283 common shares held by our subsidiaries, or 15,722,454 in the aggregate.

​

​

Table of Contents

NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

​

Index

​

​ | ​ | ​
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
​ | ​ | ​
Item 1. | Financial Statements | ​
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 | 3
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 | 4
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 | 5
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 | 6
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 | 7
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 9
​ | ​ | ​
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 28
​ | ​ | ​
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 39
​ | ​ | ​
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 39
​ | ​ | ​
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
​ | ​ | ​
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 39
​ | ​ | ​
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 39
​ | ​ | ​
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 40
​ | ​ | ​
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 41
​ | ​ | ​
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 41
​ | ​ | ​
Item 5. | Other Information | 41
​ | ​ | ​
Item 6. | Exhibits | 42
​ | ​ | ​
Signatures | 43
​ | ​ | ​

​

​

2

Table of Contents

NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31, | ​
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |
​ | ​ | (In thousands, except for |
​ | ​ | share amounts) |
ASSETS | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Current assets: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 428,051 | ​ | $ | 389,652 | ​
Short-term investments | ​ |  | 28 | ​ |  | 7,647 | ​
Notes receivable | ​ |  | 250,035 | ​ |  | — | ​
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $58,497 and $57,225, respectively | ​ |  | 487,062 | ​ |  | 387,970 | ​
Inventory, net | ​ |  | 108,303 | ​ |  | 129,979 | ​
Other current assets | ​ |  | 150,948 | ​ |  | 84,289 | ​
Total current assets | ​ |  | 1,424,427 | ​ |  | 999,537 | ​
Property, plant and equipment, net | ​ |  | 2,931,290 | ​ |  | 2,830,957 | ​
Restricted cash held in trust | ​ |  | 154,159 | ​ |  | 331,781 | ​
Deferred income taxes | ​ |  | 180,091 | ​ |  | 216,296 | ​
Other long-term assets | ​ |  | 143,537 | ​ |  | 125,730 | ​
Total assets (1) | ​ | $ | 4,833,504 | ​ | $ | 4,504,301 | ​
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Current liabilities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Trade accounts payable | ​ | $ | 352,415 | ​ | $ | 321,030 | ​
Accrued liabilities | ​ | ​ | 290,751 | ​ |  | 223,759 | ​
Income taxes payable | ​ |  | 25,618 | ​ |  | 20,360 | ​
Current lease liabilities | ​ |  | 11,430 | ​ |  | 6,768 | ​
Total current liabilities | ​ |  | 680,214 | ​ |  | 571,917 | ​
Long-term debt | ​ |  | 2,347,984 | ​ |  | 2,505,217 | ​
Other long-term liabilities | ​ |  | 233,455 | ​ |  | 218,343 | ​
Deferred income taxes | ​ |  | 3,681 | ​ |  | 2,486 | ​
Total liabilities (1) | ​ |  | 3,265,334 | ​ |  | 3,297,963 | ​
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary | ​ | ​ | 629,261 | ​ |  | 785,091 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Shareholders’ equity: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Common shares, par value $0.05 per share: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Authorized common shares 32,000; issued 15,718 and 10,661, respectively | ​ |  | 787 | ​ |  | 533 | ​
Capital in excess of par value | ​ |  | 3,744,970 | ​ |  | 3,552,756 | ​
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | (10,962) | ​ |  | (10,414) | ​
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | ​ |  | (1,839,268) | ​ |  | (2,092,128) | ​
Less: treasury shares, at cost, 1,161 and 1,161 common shares, respectively | ​ |  | (1,315,751) | ​ |  | (1,315,751) | ​
Total shareholders’ equity | ​ |  | 579,776 | ​ |  | 134,996 | ​
Noncontrolling interest | ​ |  | 359,133 | ​ |  | 286,251 | ​
Total equity | ​ |  | 938,909 | ​ |  | 421,247 | ​
Total liabilities and equity | ​ | $ | 4,833,504 | ​ | $ | 4,504,301 | ​

(1) | The condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 include assets and liabilities of variable interest entities. See Note 4—Joint Ventures and Note 14—Special Purpose Acquisition Company for additional information.

​

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

​

3

Table of Contents

NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ |  | September 30, |  | September 30,
​ | ​ | ​ | 2025 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2025 | ​ | 2024
​ | (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues and other income: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenues | ​ | ​ | $ | 818,190 | ​ | $ | 731,805 | ​ | $ | 2,387,164 | ​ | $ | 2,200,307
Investment income (loss) | ​ | ​ |  | 7,323 | ​ |  | 11,503 | ​ |  | 20,048 | ​ |  | 29,885
Total revenues and other income | ​ | ​ | ​ | 825,513 | ​ | ​ | 743,308 | ​ | ​ | 2,407,212 | ​ | ​ | 2,230,192
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Costs and other deductions: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Direct costs | ​ | ​ | ​ | 491,828 | ​ | ​ | 431,705 | ​ | ​ | 1,428,009 | ​ | ​ | 1,309,007
General and administrative expenses | ​ | ​ | ​ | 77,076 | ​ | ​ | 63,976 | ​ | ​ | 228,308 | ​ | ​ | 187,881
Research and engineering | ​ | ​ |  | 12,978 | ​ |  | 14,404 | ​ |  | 39,735 | ​ |  | 42,629
Depreciation and amortization | ​ | ​ |  | 160,347 | ​ |  | 159,234 | ​ |  | 490,046 | ​ |  | 477,060
Interest expense | ​ | ​ | ​ | 54,334 | ​ | ​ | 55,350 | ​ | ​ | 164,741 | ​ | ​ | 157,222
Gain on disposition of Quail Tools | ​ | ​ | ​ | (415,557) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (415,557) | ​ | ​ | —
Gain on bargain purchase | ​ | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (116,499) | ​ | ​ | —
Other, net | ​ | ​ | ​ | 24,470 | ​ | ​ | 41,608 | ​ | ​ | 75,334 | ​ | ​ | 69,795
Total costs and other deductions | ​ | ​ | ​ | 405,476 | ​ | ​ | 766,277 | ​ | ​ | 1,894,117 | ​ | ​ | 2,243,594
Income (loss) before income taxes | ​ | ​ |  | 420,037 | ​ |  | (22,969) | ​ |  | 513,095 | ​ |  | (13,402)
Income tax expense (benefit): | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Current | ​ | ​ |  | 26,250 | ​ |  | 10,581 | ​ |  | 52,089 | ​ |  | 30,940
Deferred | ​ | ​ |  | 91,321 | ​ |  | (463) | ​ |  | 103,566 | ​ |  | 10,776
Total income tax expense (benefit) | ​ | ​ |  | 117,571 | ​ |  | 10,118 | ​ |  | 155,655 | ​ |  | 41,716
Net income (loss) | ​ | ​ |  | 302,466 | ​ |  | (33,087) | ​ |  | 357,440 | ​ |  | (55,118)
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | ​ | ​ |  | (28,268) | ​ |  | (22,738) | ​ |  | (81,164) | ​ |  | (67,295)
Net income (loss) attributable to Nabors | ​ | ​ | $ | 274,198 | ​ | $ | (55,825) | ​ | $ | 276,276 | ​ | $ | (122,413)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Earnings (losses) per share: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Basic | ​ | ​ | $ | 18.25 | ​ | $ | (6.86) | ​ | $ | 18.99 | ​ | $ | (15.69)
Diluted | ​ | ​ | $ | 16.85 | ​ | $ | (6.86) | ​ | $ | 17.54 | ​ | $ | (15.69)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Basic | ​ | ​ |  | 14,098 | ​ |  | 9,213 | ​ |  | 12,880 | ​ |  | 9,199
Diluted | ​ | ​ |  | 15,321 | ​ |  | 9,213 | ​ |  | 14,092 | ​ |  | 9,199

​

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

​

4

Table of Contents

NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended |
​ |  | September 30, |  | September 30, |
​ | ​ | 2025 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2025 | ​ | 2024 | ​
​ | ​ | (in thousands) |
Net income (loss) attributable to Nabors | ​ | $ | 274,198 | ​ | $ | (55,825) | ​ | $ | 276,276 | ​ | $ | (122,413) | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Translation adjustment attributable to Nabors | ​ | ​ | (334) | ​ | ​ | 48 | ​ | ​ | (669) | ​ | ​ | (133) | ​
Pension liability amortization and adjustment | ​ |  | 52 | ​ |  | 52 | ​ |  | 157 | ​ |  | 157 | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax | ​ |  | (282) | ​ |  | 100 | ​ |  | (512) | ​ |  | 24 | ​
Income tax expense (benefit) related to items of other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | 12 | ​ |  | 12 | ​ |  | 36 | ​ |  | 36 | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ​ |  | (294) | ​ |  | 88 | ​ |  | (548) | ​ |  | (12) | ​
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Nabors | ​ |  | 273,904 | ​ |  | (55,737) | ​ |  | 275,728 | ​ |  | (122,425) | ​
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest | ​ |  | 28,268 | ​ |  | 22,738 | ​ |  | 81,164 | ​ |  | 67,295 | ​
Comprehensive income (loss) | ​ | $ | 302,172 | ​ | $ | (32,999) | ​ | $ | 356,892 | ​ | $ | (55,130) | ​

​

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

​

5

Table of Contents

NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ​
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 | ​
​ | ​ | (In thousands) | ​
Cash flows from operating activities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income (loss) | ​ | $ | 357,440 | ​ | $ | (55,118) | ​
Adjustments to net income (loss): | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | 490,046 | ​ |  | 477,060 | ​
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) | ​ |  | 103,566 | ​ |  | 10,776 | ​
Impairments and other charges | ​ |  | 31,102 | ​ |  | 15,379 | ​
Amortization of debt discount and deferred financing costs | ​ | ​ | 6,681 | ​ |  | 6,757 | ​
Bargain purchase gain | ​ | ​ | (116,499) | ​ |  | — | ​
Losses (gains) on debt buyback | ​ |  | 1,948 | ​ |  | 14,857 | ​
Losses (gains) on sale of long-lived assets, net | ​ |  | (13,362) | ​ |  | 17,109 | ​
Share-based compensation | ​ |  | 14,623 | ​ |  | 11,825 | ​
Foreign currency transaction losses (gains), net | ​ |  | 5,347 | ​ |  | 21,317 | ​
Mark-to-market (gain) loss on warrants | ​ | ​ | (7,424) | ​ |  | (12,538) | ​
Gain on disposition of Quail Tools | ​ | ​ | (415,557) | ​ |  | — | ​
Other | ​ |  | 3,974 | ​ |  | 5,445 | ​
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Accounts receivable | ​ |  | (15,813) | ​ |  | (38,163) | ​
Inventory | ​ |  | 19,904 | ​ |  | 4,337 | ​
Other current assets | ​ |  | (22,651) | ​ |  | (6,900) | ​
Other long-term assets | ​ |  | 15,596 | ​ |  | (1,311) | ​
Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities | ​ |  | (4,553) | ​ |  | 583 | ​
Income taxes payable | ​ |  | 1,980 | ​ |  | (24,912) | ​
Other long-term liabilities | ​ |  | (8,923) | ​ |  | (13,990) | ​
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities | ​ |  | 447,425 | ​ |  | 432,513 | ​
Cash flows from investing activities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Purchase of investments | ​ |  | (4,336) | ​ |  | (7,681) | ​
Cash acquired in stock based business combination, net of cash paid | ​ |  | 84,429 | ​ |  | — | ​
Proceeds from disposition of Quail Tools | ​ |  | 371,319 | ​ |  | — | ​
Capital expenditures | ​ |  | (553,886) | ​ |  | (359,873) | ​
Proceeds from sales of assets | ​ |  | 50,609 | ​ |  | 9,667 | ​
Other | ​ |  | 7,502 | ​ |  | 4,671 | ​
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities | ​ |  | (44,363) | ​ |  | (353,216) | ​
Cash flows from financing activities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 550,000 | ​
Reduction in debt | ​ | ​ | (343,036) | ​ |  | (1,197,024) | ​
Debt issuance costs | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (11,045) | ​
Proceeds from revolving credit facilities | ​ |  | 398,000 | ​ |  | 225,000 | ​
Reduction in revolving credit facilities | ​ | ​ | (398,000) | ​ |  | (225,000) | ​
Payment of dividend to former Parker shareholders | ​ | ​ | (6,052) | ​ |  | — | ​
Payments for employee taxes on net settlement of equity awards | ​ | ​ | (2,151) | ​ |  | (2,634) | ​
Dividends to common and preferred shareholders | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (87) | ​
Distributions to noncontrolling interest | ​ | ​ | (1,625) | ​ |  | (950) | ​
Special purpose acquisition company redemptions by non-controlling redeemable shareholders | ​ | ​ | (186,655) | ​ |  | — | ​
Other | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | (282) | ​
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities | ​ |  | (539,519) | ​ |  | (662,022) | ​
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | ​ | ​ | (2,669) | ​ |  | (10,446) | ​
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | ​ |  | (139,126) | ​ | ​ | (593,171) | ​
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | ​ | ​ | 722,960 | ​ |  | 1,374,182 | ​
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | ​ | $ | 583,834 | ​ | $ | 781,011 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
RECONCILIATION OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | ​ | ​ | 389,652 | ​ |  | 1,057,487 | ​
Restricted cash, beginning of period | ​ | ​ | 333,308 | ​ |  | 316,695 | ​
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | ​ | $ | 722,960 | ​ | $ | 1,374,182 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | ​ | ​ | 428,051 | ​ |  | 451,649 | ​
Restricted cash, end of period | ​ | ​ | 155,783 | ​ |  | 329,362 | ​
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | ​ | $ | 583,834 | ​ | $ | 781,011 | ​

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Unaudited)

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​

​

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​

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Capital | ​ | Accumulated | ​ | Retained | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Common Shares | ​ | in Excess | ​ | Other | ​ | Earnings | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Non- | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Par |  | of Par |  | Comprehensive |  | (Accumulated |  | Treasury |  | controlling |  | Total | ​
(In thousands) | ​ | Shares | ​ | Value | ​ | Value | ​ | Income (Loss) | ​ | Loss) | ​ | Shares | ​ | Interest | ​ | Equity | ​
As of June 30, 2024 | ​ | 10,711 | ​ | $ | 535 | ​ | $ | 3,543,986 | ​ | $ | (10,932) | ​ | $ | (1,967,467) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 251,229 | ​ | $ | 501,600 | ​
Net income (loss) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (55,825) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 22,738 | ​ | ​ | (33,087) | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 88 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 88 | ​
Share-based compensation | ​ | (2) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 4,093 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 4,093 | ​
Noncontrolling interest contributions (distributions) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (4,746) | ​ | ​ | (4,746) | ​
Accrued distribution on redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (7,363) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (7,363) | ​
Other | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​
As of September 30, 2024 | ​ | 10,709 | ​ | $ | 535 | ​ | $ | 3,548,079 | ​ | $ | (10,844) | ​ | $ | (2,030,656) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 269,221 | ​ | $ | 460,584 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
As of June 30, 2025 | ​ | 15,733 | ​ | $ | 787 | ​ | $ | 3,738,989 | ​ | $ | (10,668) | ​ | $ | (2,105,373) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 332,344 | ​ | $ | 640,328 | ​
Net income (loss) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 274,198 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 28,268 | ​ | ​ | 302,466 | ​
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (294) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (294) | ​
Share-based compensation | ​ | 11 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 5,981 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 5,981 | ​
Noncontrolling interest contributions (distributions) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (1,479) | ​ | ​ | (1,479) | ​
Accrued distribution on redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (7,344) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (7,344) | ​
Other | ​ | (26) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (749) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (749) | ​
As of September 30, 2025 | ​ | 15,718 | ​ | $ | 787 | ​ | $ | 3,744,970 | ​ | $ | (10,962) | ​ | $ | (1,839,268) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 359,133 | ​ | $ | 938,909 | ​

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​

​

​

​

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​

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Capital | ​ | Accumulated | ​ | Retained | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Common Shares | ​ | in Excess | ​ | Other | ​ | Earnings | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Non- | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Par |  | of Par |  | Comprehensive |  | (Accumulated |  | Treasury |  | controlling |  | Total
(In thousands) | ​ | Shares | ​ | Value | ​ | Value | ​ | Income (Loss) | ​ | Loss) | ​ | Shares | ​ | Interest | ​ | Equity
As of December 31, 2023 | ​ | 10,556 | ​ | $ | 527 | ​ | $ | 3,538,896 | ​ | $ | (10,832) | ​ | $ | (1,886,226) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 215,396 | ​ | $ | 542,010
Net income (loss) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (122,413) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 67,295 | ​ | ​ | (55,118)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (12) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (12)
Share-based compensation | ​ | 185 | ​ | ​ | 9 | ​ | ​ | 11,825 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 11,834
Noncontrolling interest contributions (distributions) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (13,470) | ​ | ​ | (13,470)
Accrued distribution on redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (21,929) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (21,929)
Other | ​ | (32) | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​ | ​ | (2,642) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (88) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (2,731)
As of September 30, 2024 | ​ | 10,709 | ​ | $ | 535 | ​ | $ | 3,548,079 | ​ | $ | (10,844) | ​ | $ | (2,030,656) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 269,221 | ​ | $ | 460,584
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
As of December 31, 2024 | ​ | 10,661 | ​ | $ | 533 | ​ | $ | 3,552,756 | ​ | $ | (10,414) | ​ | $ | (2,092,128) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 286,251 | ​ | $ | 421,247
Net income (loss) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 276,276 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 81,164 | ​ | ​ | 357,440
Share issuance related to Parker acquisition | ​ | 4,800 | ​ | ​ | 239 | ​ | ​ | 179,741 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 179,980
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (548) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (548)
Noncontrolling interest contributions (distributions) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (8,282) | ​ | ​ | (8,282)
Share-based compensation | ​ | 328 | ​ | ​ | 16 | ​ | ​ | 14,623 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 14,639
Accrued distribution on redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (21,792) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (21,792)
Other | ​ | (71) | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​ | ​ | (2,150) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (1,624) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (3,775)
As of September 30, 2025 | ​ | 15,718 | ​ | $ | 787 | ​ | $ | 3,744,970 | ​ | $ | (10,962) | ​ | $ | (1,839,268) | ​ | $ | (1,315,751) | ​ | $ | 359,133 | ​ | $ | 938,909

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​

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Nabors Industries Ltd. and Subsidiaries

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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Note 1 General

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Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this report to “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company,” or “Nabors” mean Nabors Industries Ltd., together with our subsidiaries. References in this report to “Nabors Delaware” mean Nabors Industries, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Nabors.

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Our business portfolio is comprised of our global land-based and offshore drilling rig operations and other rig related services and technologies. We provide performance tools, tubular running services, directional drilling services, and innovative technologies for our own rig fleet and those operated by third parties. In addition, we design and manufacture advanced drilling equipment and provide drilling rig instrumentation. Also, we have a portfolio of technologies designed to drive energy efficiency and emissions reductions for both ourselves and third-party customers.

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With operations in over 20 countries, we are a global provider of drilling and drilling-related services for land-based and offshore oil and natural gas wells, with a fleet of rigs and drilling-related equipment which, as of September 30, 2025 included:

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| ● | 283 actively marketed rigs for land-based drilling operations in the United States and various countries throughout the world; and

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| ● | 26 actively marketed rigs for offshore platform drilling operations in the United States and multiple international markets.

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The short- and long-term implications of the military hostilities between Russia and Ukraine, which began in early 2022, remain difficult to predict. We continue to actively monitor this dynamic situation and evaluate the potential impact to our operations from sanctions that have been imposed against Russia by the United States, United Kingdom, the European Union, and other governments. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, 0.0% and 0.7% of our property, plant and equipment, net was located in Russia, respectively. For the three months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, 0.0% and 1.1% of our operating revenues were from operations in Russia, respectively. For the nine months ending September 30, 2025 and 2024, 0.2% and 0.9% of our operating revenues were from operations in Russia, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized impairment charges of approximately $26.5 million related to the net carrying value of International Drilling and Rig Technologies assets located in Russia. The impairment charges are included in Other, net in our consolidated statements of income (loss). We currently have no assets or operations in Ukraine.

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Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

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Interim Financial Information

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The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Nabors have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) applicable to interim reporting. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC” or “Commission”), certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been omitted. Therefore, these financial statements should be read together with our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (“2024 Annual Report”). In management’s opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to state fairly our financial position as of September 30, 2025 and the results of operations, comprehensive income (loss), cash flows and changes in equity for the periods presented herein. Interim results for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 may not be indicative of results that will be realized for the full year ending December 31, 2025. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

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Principles of Consolidation

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Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Nabors, as well as all majority-owned and non-majority owned subsidiaries consolidated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

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In addition to the consolidation of our majority owned subsidiaries, we also consolidate variable interest entities (“VIE”) when we are determined to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Determination of the primary beneficiary of a VIE is based on whether an entity has (a) the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and (b) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Our determination of the primary beneficiary of a VIE considers all relationships between us and the VIE. Our joint venture, SANAD, which is equally owned by Saudi Aramco and Nabors, has been consolidated. As we have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact SANAD’s economic performance, including operations, maintenance and certain sourcing and procurement, we have determined Nabors to be the primary beneficiary. See Note 4—Joint Ventures. Also, we are the co-sponsor of a special purpose acquisition company (the “SPAC”) and have determined it is a VIE. Nabors is the primary beneficiary of the SPAC as we have the power to direct activities, the right to receive benefits and the obligation to absorb losses. Therefore, the SPAC has been consolidated. See Note 14—Special Purpose Acquisition Company.

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On March 11, 2025, we completed our acquisition (the “Parker acquisition”) of Parker Drilling Company (“Parker”) resulting in Parker becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Nabors. Parker provides drilling services across global energy markets. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the results of Parker from March 12, 2025 to September 30, 2025. On August 20, 2025, we sold Quail Tools, LLC (“Quail Tools”), a subsidiary of the Company, to Superior Energy Services, Inc. Quail Tools was part of the Company’s acquisition of Parker. See Note 3—Acquisitions and Dispositions for additional details on the acquisition and merger.

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Inventory

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Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out or weighted-average cost methods and includes the cost of materials, labor and manufacturing overhead. Inventory included the following:

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31, | ​
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |
​ | ​ | (In thousands) |
Raw materials | ​ | $ | 98,996 | ​ | $ | 124,711 | ​
Work-in-progress | ​ |  | 8,905 | ​ |  | 2,768 | ​
Finished goods | ​ |  | 402 | ​ |  | 2,500 | ​
​ | ​ | $ | 108,303 | ​ | $ | 129,979 | ​

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​

Recent accounting pronouncements

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Adopted

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In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280), which enhances prior reportable segment disclosure requirements in part by requiring entities to disclose significant expenses related to their reportable segments that are regularly provided to the chief operation decision maker (“CODM”) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount and description of its composition for other segment items to reconcile to segment profit or loss. The guidance also requires disclosure of the CODM’s position for each segment and detail of how the CODM uses financial reporting to access their segment’s performance. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. We adopted this ASU as required for the year ended December 31, 2024. The adoption requires us to provide additional disclosures related to our segments, but otherwise it does not materially impact our financial statements.

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Not Yet Adopted

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In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvement to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. This provides qualitative and

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quantitative updates to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures, including consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and disaggregation by jurisdiction of income taxes paid. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on our financial statements and related disclosures.

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In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization and depreciation, depletion and amortization recognized as part of oil and gas producing activities. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026. The adoption of ASU 2024-03 requires us to provide additional disclosures but will otherwise not materially impact our financial statements.

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We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. We assessed ASUs not listed above and determined that they either were not applicable or do not have a material impact on our financial statements.

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Note 3 Acquisitions and Dispositions

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Parker Acquisition

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As discussed in Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, on March 11, 2025, we completed the Parker acquisition. Total consideration for the acquisition included cash consideration of $0.6 million and the issuance of 4.8 million shares of our common stock, which based on the closing price of our common stock of $37.50 on March 11, 2025, valued the purchase price consideration of the transaction at approximately $180.6 million.

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The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the fair value of the consideration transferred is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The fair value of the net assets acquired amounted to approximately $297.1 million at the date of acquisition, and as a result, we recorded a gain of $116.5 million related to the excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired over the acquisition price. The excess is referred to as a “bargain purchase gain.” This bargain purchase gain indicated that the fair value of the net assets acquired (which represents the price at which the assets would be exchanged between a willing buyer and seller) was in excess of the amount for which we acquired such net assets. Before recognizing the bargain purchase gain, we reassessed the methods used in the acquisition accounting and verified that we had identified all of the assets acquired and all of the liabilities assumed, and that there were no additional assets or liabilities to be considered. We also reassessed the process used to measure amounts recognized on the closing date of the merger to ensure that the measurements reflected all consideration transferred based on available information.

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The bargain purchase gain was due to the decrease in the share price of our stock from the date the merger agreement was signed, to the closing date while the agreed upon purchase price of 4.8 million of our common shares, as stipulated in the merger agreement, remained the same. On October 14, 2024, the date the merger agreement was signed, and on March 11, 2025, the closing date of the merger, the closing prices of our common stock were $77.52 and $37.50, respectively. Pursuant to the merger agreement, the precise number of shares to be issued to Parker stockholders was determined based upon the volume weighted average price of Nabors common shares on the NYSE for the 15 trading days ending the fifth day before the closing of the merger (“Closing Price”) and, if that Closing Price was below $42.70, Parker stockholders would also receive a cash component as consideration for their shares of Parker stock. This resulted in a $0.6 million aggregate cash payment.

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The aggregate purchase price noted above was allocated to the major categories of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on preliminary estimated fair values as of the date of the business combination. We applied significant judgement in estimating the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their fair values due to their nature or the short-term maturity of instruments. The fair value of property and equipment was determined using the cost approach which includes assumptions related to replacement cost, physical deterioration, economic obsolescence, and floor value. The remaining assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on inputs that are not observable in the market, such as unobservable lease terms, and thus represent Level 3 inputs. Assessing the overall business enterprise value, which was compared to market multiples for market participants, involved the use of

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assumptions with respect to future rig counts, operation and capital cost estimates and a weighted average cost of capital reflecting the cost of capital for market participants. Certain data necessary to complete the purchase price allocation is not yet available, including final tax returns that provide the underlying tax basis of Parker’s assets and liabilities. We will complete the purchase price allocation during the 12-month period following the acquisition date.

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We recorded the preliminary allocation of the purchase price consideration during the three months ended March 31, 2025. During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company recorded a measurement period adjustment which resulted in a decrease in property, plant and equipment, an increase in net lease assets and an increase in bargain purchase gain of $3.5 million. The adjustment primarily related to additional information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date.

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The table below presents the allocation of the estimated fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and the resulting gain on bargain purchase as of the closing date:

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Fair Value |
(In thousands) | ​ | at Acquisition |
Assets: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 84,995 | ​
Accounts receivable | ​ |  | 132,084 | ​
Inventory | ​ |  | 4,576 | ​
Other current assets | ​ |  | 37,664 | ​
Property, plant and equipment | ​ |  | 264,500 | ​
Deferred income taxes | ​ |  | 66,828 | ​
Other assets | ​ |  | 43,910 | ​
Total assets acquired | ​ | ​ | 634,557 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Liabilities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Trade accounts payable | ​ | $ | 43,774 | ​
Accrued liabilities | ​ | ​ | 66,808 | ​
Income taxes payable | ​ | ​ | 4,027 | ​
Other short-term liabilities | ​ | ​ | 6,462 | ​
Long-term debt | ​ | ​ | 177,755 | ​
Deferred income taxes | ​ | ​ | 2,594 | ​
Other liabilities | ​ | ​ | 36,076 | ​
Total liabilities assumed | ​ | ​ | 337,496 | ​
Net assets acquired | ​ | ​ | 297,061 | ​
Gain on bargain purchase | ​ | ​ | 116,499 | ​
Total consideration transferred | ​ | $ | 180,562 | ​

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Approximately $126.3 million of revenue and $337.3 million of net income attributable to Parker are included in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2025. Approximately $303.6 million of revenue and $359.8 million of net income attributable to Parker are included in the consolidated statements of operations for the period from the closing date on March 12, 2025 through September 30, 2025. The net income attributable to Parker is primarily related to the sale of Quail Tools which is discussed below. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we incurred costs related to the Parker acquisition totaling $19.1 million, which are included in Other, net in our consolidated statements of income (loss), respectively.

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Pro Forma

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The following pro forma condensed combined financial information was derived from our and Parker’s historical financial statements and gives effect to the acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2024. The below information reflects pro forma adjustments based on available information and certain assumptions we believe are reasonable, including the estimated tax impact of the pro forma adjustments.

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The pro forma results of operations do not include any anticipated cost savings or other synergies that may result from the Parker acquisition nor do they include any estimated costs that will be incurred to integrate Parker operations.

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The pro forma results of operations include our merger and acquisition expenses of $25.9 million as if they had been incurred in the first quarter of 2024.

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The pro forma condensed combined financial information has been included for comparative purposes and is not necessarily indicative of the results that might have actually occurred had the Parker acquisition taken place on January 1, 2024. Furthermore, the financial information is not intended to be a projection of future results. The following table summarizes our selected financial information on a pro forma basis:

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, |  | September 30,
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Operating revenues (1) | ​ | $ | 818,190 | ​ | $ | 874,410 | ​ | $ | 2,490,283 | ​ | $ | 2,659,395
Net income (loss) (2) | ​ |  | 302,466 | ​ |  | (23,815) | ​ |  | 270,034 | ​ |  | 53,737

(1) | Includes operating revenue from Quail Tools of $34.2 million and $154.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 respectively, and $64.4 million and $193.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 respectively.

​

(2) | Net income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 includes the gain on disposition of Quail Tools of $415.6 million.

​

Quail Tools Disposition

​

On August 20, 2025, Nabors entered into a definitive agreement to sell Quail Tools to Superior Energy Services, Inc. Quail Tools was part of the Company’s acquisition of Parker. Net consideration for the sale totaled $600.0 million plus adjustments for net working capital. Consideration comprised of cash of $375.0 million and a seller note of $250.0 million. The seller note is included in notes receivable in our consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2025. On October 9, 2025, Nabors received prepayment in full of the $250.0 million seller note, including accrued and unpaid interest.

​

In connection with the sale, we recognized a gain of $415.6 million which is included in Gain on disposition of Quail Tools in our consolidated statements of income (loss). The gain on disposition of Quail Tools resulted in an increase of $101.1 million to the provision for income taxes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.

​

This transaction did not represent a strategic shift in our operations and will not have a major effect on our operations and financial results going forward.

​

​

Note 4 Joint Ventures

​

During 2016, we entered into an agreement with Saudi Aramco to form a joint venture known as SANAD to own, manage and operate onshore drilling rigs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. SANAD is equally owned by Saudi Aramco and Nabors.

​

During 2017, Nabors and Saudi Aramco each contributed $20 million in cash for the purpose of capitalizing the joint venture upon formation. In addition, since inception Nabors and Saudi Aramco have each contributed a combination of drilling rigs, drilling rig equipment and other assets, including cash, with each of the party’s contributions having a value of approximately $394 million to the joint venture. The contributions were received in exchange for redeemable ownership interests that accrue interest annually, have a twenty-five year maturity and are required to be converted to authorized capital should certain events occur, including the accumulation of specified losses. In the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet, Nabors has reported Saudi Aramco’s share of authorized capital as a component of noncontrolling interest in equity and Saudi Aramco’s share of the redeemable ownership interests as redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary, classified as mezzanine equity. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the amount included in redeemable noncontrolling interest was $475.1 million and $453.3 million, respectively. The accrued interest on the redeemable ownership interest is a non-cash financing activity and is reported as an increase in the redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary line in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. The assets and liabilities included in the condensed balance sheet below are (a) assets that can either be used to settle obligations of the VIE or be made available in the future to the equity owners through dividends,

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distributions or in exchange of the redeemable ownership interests (upon mutual agreement of the owners) or (b) liabilities for which creditors do not have recourse to other assets of Nabors.

​

The condensed balance sheet of SANAD, as included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet, is presented below.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Assets: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 216,686 | ​ | $ | 229,442
Accounts receivable | ​ |  | 106,468 | ​ |  | 111,497
Other current assets | ​ |  | 12,821 | ​ |  | 12,122
Property, plant and equipment, net | ​ |  | 1,044,566 | ​ |  | 862,031
Other long-term assets | ​ |  | 14,569 | ​ |  | 12,404
Total assets | ​ | $ | 1,395,110 | ​ | $ | 1,227,496
Liabilities: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Accounts payable | ​ | $ | 117,224 | ​ | $ | 112,373
Accrued liabilities | ​ |  | 31,093 | ​ |  | 12,447
Other liabilities | ​ | ​ | 60,318 | ​ | ​ | 47,254
Total liabilities | ​ | $ | 208,635 | ​ | $ | 172,074

​

​

​

​

Note 5 Accounts Receivable Purchase and Sales Agreements

​

The Company entered into an accounts receivable sales agreement (the “A/R Sales Agreement”) and an accounts receivable purchase agreement (the “A/R Purchase Agreement,” and, together with the A/R Sales Agreement, the “A/R Agreements”). As part of the A/R Agreements, the Company continuously sells designated eligible pools of receivables as they are originated by it and certain of its U.S. subsidiaries to a separate, bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entity (“SPE”) pursuant to the A/R Sales Agreement. Pursuant to the A/R Purchase Agreement, the SPE in turn sells, transfers, conveys and assigns to unaffiliated third-party financial institutions (the “Purchasers”) all the rights, title and interest in and to its pool of eligible receivables (the “Eligible Receivables”). The sale of the Eligible Receivables qualifies for sale accounting treatment in accordance with ASC 860 – Transfers and Servicing. During the period of this program, cash receipts from the Purchasers at the time of the sale are classified as operating activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows and the associated receivables are derecognized from the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at the time of the sale. The remaining receivables held by the SPE were pledged to secure the collectability of the sold Eligible Receivables. Subsequent collections on the pledged receivables, which have not been sold, will be classified as operating cash flows in our consolidated statement of cash flows at the time of collection. The amount of receivables pledged as collateral as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is approximately $62.9 million and $44.6 million, respectively.

​

In June 2022, we entered into the Third Amendment to the A/R Purchase Agreement, which extended the term of the A/R Purchase Agreement to August 13, 2024 and increased the commitments of the Purchasers under the A/R Purchase Agreement from $150 million to $250 million. Subject to Purchaser approval, the commitments of the Purchasers may be increased to $300 million.

​

In April 2024, we entered into the Fourth Amendment to the A/R Purchase Agreement, which, among other things, extended the term of the A/R Purchase Agreement to the earliest of (i) April 1, 2027 and (ii) the date that is ninety (90) calendar days prior to the occurrence of the maturity date under and as defined in the 2024 Credit Agreement.

​

In August 2025, we entered into the First Amendment to the A/R Sales Agreement and the Fifth Amendment to the A/R Purchase Agreement. The First Amendment to the A/R Sales Agreement amends the agreement to, among other things, add certain subsidiaries of Parker, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as originators (the “Additional Originators”). The Fifth Amendment to the A/R Purchase Agreement amends the agreement to make changes to reflect the joinder of the Additional Originators.

​

The amount available for sale to the Purchasers under the A/R Purchase Agreement fluctuates over time based on the total amount of Eligible Receivables generated during the normal course of business after excluding excess

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concentrations and certain other ineligible receivables. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately $137.0 million and $130.0 million had been sold to and as yet uncollected by the Purchasers, respectively.

​

Note 6 Debt

​

Debt consisted of the following:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31, | ​
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |
​ | ​ | (In thousands) |
7.375% senior priority guaranteed notes due May 2027 | ​ | $ | 546,050 | ​ | $ | 700,000 | ​
7.50% senior guaranteed notes due January 2028 | ​ | ​ | 379,146 | ​ |  | 389,609 | ​
1.75% senior exchangeable notes due June 2029 | ​ |  | 250,000 | ​ | ​ | 250,000 | ​
9.125% senior priority guaranteed notes due January 2030 | ​ |  | 650,000 | ​ | ​ | 650,000 | ​
8.875% senior guaranteed notes due August 2031 | ​ |  | 550,000 | ​ | ​ | 550,000 | ​
​ | ​ | $ | 2,375,196 | ​ | $ | 2,539,609 | ​
Less: deferred financing costs | ​ | ​ | 27,212 | ​ | ​ | 34,392 | ​
Long-term debt | ​ | $ | 2,347,984 | ​ | $ | 2,505,217 | ​

​

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we repurchased $164.4 million aggregate principal amount of outstanding Nabors Delaware’s notes for approximately $169.7 million in cash, including $4.5 million in accrued and unpaid interest. In connection with these repurchases, we recognized a $1.9 million loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 which is included in Other, net in our condensed consolidated statement of income (loss).

​

Parker Term Loan

​

On March 11, 2025, the Parker acquisition was completed. Prior to the acquisition, Parker was a party to a Second Lien Term Loan Credit Agreement (“Parker Term Loan”), dated March 26, 2019 (as amended in March 2021 and January 2023). The Parker Term Loan bears interest at a rate of 13% per annum, payable quarterly and matures on September 26, 2025.

​

The Parker Term Loan carries a customary change of control provision, which was triggered by the closing of the Parker acquisition. The change of control, when triggered, required that the Parker Term Loan be repaid or refinanced within 30 days of the Closing Date or that Parker make a change of control repayment offer pursuant to which it will offer to repurchase the term loans outstanding under the facility at 101% of the principal amount of such term loans. On March 25, 2025, the outstanding balance of $177.8 million was repaid utilizing our credit agreement, which is discussed below.

​

Credit Agreement

​

On June 17, 2024, Nabors Delaware amended and restated its existing credit agreement (as amended and restated, the “2024 Credit Agreement”). Under the 2024 Credit Agreement, the lenders have committed to provide to Nabors Delaware an aggregate principal amount of revolving loans at any time outstanding not in excess of $350.0 million, and the issuing banks have committed to provide a standalone letter of credit tranche that permits Nabors Delaware to issue reimbursement obligations under letters of credit in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding not in excess of $125.0 million. Letters of credit issued do not affect revolving loan capacity and vice versa. The 2024 Credit Agreement contains a $200.0 million uncommitted accordion feature that can be applied to increase the commitments under either the revolving loans or the letter of credit tranche, or both.

​

On September 4, 2025, Nabors Delaware entered into the first amendment to the 2024 Credit Agreement to revise the restricted payments covenant to permit Nabors Delaware to repurchase up to $100.0 million of equity of either Nabors Delaware or any parent entity in any fiscal year. Usage of this provision will reduce Nabors Delaware’s ability to make dividends on a dollar-for-dollar basis; any dividends distributed by Nabors Delaware will likewise reduce Nabors Delaware’s ability to make buybacks of equity on a dollar-for-dollar basis.

​

The Company is required to maintain an interest coverage ratio (EBITDA/interest expense) of 2.75:1.00, and a minimum guarantor value, requiring the guarantors (other than the Company) and their subsidiaries to own at least 90% of the consolidated property, plant and equipment of the Company. The facility matures on the earlier of (a) June 17, 2029 and (b) to the extent 10% or more of the respective principal amount of any of the 7.375% Senior Priority

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Guaranteed Notes due May 2027 or 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Notes due January 2028 or 50% or more of the principal amount of the 1.75% Senior Exchangeable Notes due June 2029 remains outstanding on the date that is 90 days prior to the applicable maturity date for such indebtedness, then such 90th day.

Additionally, the Company is subject to covenants, which are subject to certain exceptions and include, among others, (a) a covenant restricting our ability to incur liens (subject to the additional liens basket of up to $150.0 million), (b) a covenant restricting its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions with respect to its capital stock and to repurchase certain indebtedness and (c) a covenant restricting the ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to incur debt (subject to the grower debt basket of up to $100.0 million). The agreement also includes a collateral coverage requirement that the collateral rig fair value is to be no less than the collateral coverage threshold, as defined in the agreement. This requirement includes an independent appraisal report to be delivered every six months following the closing date.

As of September 30, 2025, we had no borrowings and $75.2 million of letters of credit outstanding under our 2024 Credit Agreement. The weighted average interest rate on borrowings under the 2024 Credit Agreement at September 30, 2025 was 7.21%. In order to make any future borrowings under the 2024 Credit Agreement, Nabors and certain of its wholly owned subsidiaries are subject to compliance with the conditions and covenants contained therein, including compliance with applicable financial ratios.

​

As of the date of this report, we were in compliance with all covenants under the 2024 Credit Agreement. We expect to remain in compliance with all covenants under the 2024 Credit Agreement during the twelve-month period following the date of this report based on our current operational and financial projections. However, we can make no assurance of continued compliance if our current projections or material underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect. If we fail to comply with the covenants, the revolving credit commitment could be terminated, and any outstanding borrowings under the facility could be declared immediately due and payable.

​

Note 7 Shareholders’ Equity

​

Common share issuance

​

On March 11, 2025, in connection with the completion of the Parker acquisition, we issued 4.8 million common shares to the former stockholders of Parker. See further discussion on the transaction in Note 3—Acquisitions and Dispositions.

​

Common share warrants

​

On May 27, 2021, the Board declared a distribution of warrants to purchase its common shares (the “Warrants”) to holders of the Company’s common shares. Holders of Nabors common shares received two-fifths of a warrant per common share held as of the record date (rounded down for any fractional warrant). Nabors issued approximately 3.2 million Warrants on June 11, 2021 to shareholders of record as of June 4, 2021. As of September 30, 2025, 2.5 million Warrants remain outstanding and 1.1 million common shares have been issued as a result of exercises of Warrants.

​

Each Warrant represents the right to purchase one common share at an initial exercise price of $166.66667 per Warrant, subject to certain adjustments (the “Exercise Price”). Payment of the exercise price may be in cash at this time. The Exercise Price and the number of common shares issuable upon exercise are subject to anti-dilution adjustments, including for share dividends, splits, subdivisions, spin-offs, consolidations, reclassifications, combinations, noncash distributions, cash dividends (other than regular quarterly cash dividends not exceeding a permitted threshold amount), certain pro rata shares repurchases, and similar transactions, including certain issuances of common shares (or securities exercisable or convertible into or exchangeable for common shares) at a price (or having a conversion price) that is less than 95% of the market price of the common shares. The Warrants expire on June 11, 2026, but the expiration date may be accelerated at any time by the Company upon 20-days’ prior notice. The Warrants are traded on the over-the-counter market.

​

The Warrants are recognized as derivative liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the Warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s statement of operations. On September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair

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value of the Warrants was approximately $1.6 million and $9.0 million, respectively. During the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2025, approximately $25 thousand and $7.4 million of gain has been recognized for the change in the liability and included in Other, net in our consolidated statements of income (loss), respectively. During the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2024, approximately $2.9 million and $12.5 million of gain has been recognized for the change in the liability and included in Other, net in our consolidated statements of income (loss), respectively.

​

Note 8 Fair Value Measurements

​

Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid upon transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). We utilize market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in the inputs to the valuation technique. These inputs can be readily observable, market-corroborated, or generally unobservable. We primarily apply the market approach for recurring fair value measurements and endeavor to utilize the best information available. Accordingly, we employ valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

​

The use of unobservable inputs is intended to allow for fair value determinations in situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. We are able to classify fair value balances utilizing a fair value hierarchy based on the observability of those inputs.

​

Under the fair value hierarchy:

​

| ● | Level 1 measurements include unadjusted quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market;

​

| ● | Level 2 measurements include quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that have been adjusted for items such as effects of restrictions for transferability and those that are not quoted but are observable through corroboration with observable market data, including quoted market prices for similar assets; and

​

| ● | Level 3 measurements include those that are unobservable and of a subjective nature.

​

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

​

Our financial assets that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of short-term investments and restricted cash held in trust. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, there were no transfers of our financial assets between Level 1 and Level 2 measures. Our financial assets are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our restricted cash held in trust was carried at fair market value and totaled $154.2 million and $331.8 million, respectively, and consisted of Level 1 measurements. Our short-term investments were primarily held at fair market value and totaled $28 thousand and $7.6 million, respectively and primarily consisted of Level 2 measurements. No material Level 3 measurements existed for our financial assets for any of the periods presented.

​

Our financial liabilities that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the Warrants which are included in other short-term liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and other long-term liabilities as of December 31, 2024 in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Warrants were carried at fair market value using their trading price and totaled $1.6 million and $9.0 million, respectively.

​

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

​

We applied fair value measurements to our nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured on a nonrecurring basis, which consist of measurements primarily related to equity method investments, other long-lived assets and assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Based upon our review of the fair value hierarchy, the inputs used in these fair value measurements generally include Level 3 inputs but could include Level 1 and 2 inputs.

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​

Fair Value of Debt Instruments

​

We estimate the fair value of our debt financial instruments in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The fair value of our long-term debt and revolving credit facilities is estimated based on quoted market prices or prices quoted from third-party financial institutions. The fair value of our debt instruments is determined using Level 2 measurements. The carrying and fair values of these liabilities were as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, 2025 | ​ | December 31, 2024
​ | ​ | Carrying | ​ | Fair | ​ | Carrying | ​ | Fair
​ | ​ | Value | ​ | Value | ​ | Value | ​ | Value
​ | (In thousands)
7.375% senior priority guaranteed notes due May 2027 | ​ | $ | 546,050 | ​ | $ | 555,049 |  | $ | 700,000 | ​ | $ | 699,916
7.50% senior guaranteed notes due January 2028 | ​ |  | 379,146 | ​ |  | 379,529 |  |  | 389,609 | ​ |  | 362,823
1.75% senior exchangeable notes due June 2029 |  |  | 250,000 | ​ |  | 193,560 |  |  | 250,000 | ​ |  | 179,548
9.125% senior priority guaranteed notes due January 2030 |  |  | 650,000 | ​ |  | 676,715 |  |  | 650,000 | ​ |  | 661,401
8.875% senior guaranteed notes due August 2031 |  |  | 550,000 | ​ |  | 512,644 |  |  | 550,000 | ​ |  | 511,104
​ | ​ | $ | 2,375,196 | ​ | $ | 2,317,497 | ​ | $ | 2,539,609 | ​ | $ | 2,414,792
Less: deferred financing costs | ​ | ​ | 27,212 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 34,392 | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | $ | 2,347,984 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 2,505,217 | ​ | ​ | ​

​

The fair values of our cash equivalents, notes receivables, trade receivables and trade payables approximate their carrying values due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

​

​

Note 9 Commitments and Contingencies

​

Contingencies

​

Income Tax

​

We operate in a number of countries and our tax returns filed in those jurisdictions are subject to review and examination by tax authorities within those jurisdictions. We do not recognize the benefit of income tax positions we believe are more likely than not to be disallowed upon challenge by a tax authority. If any tax authority successfully challenges our operational structure, intercompany pricing policies or the taxable presence of our subsidiaries in certain countries, if the terms of certain income tax treaties are interpreted in a manner that is adverse to our structure, or if we lose a material tax dispute in any country, our effective tax rate on our worldwide earnings could change substantially.

​

In certain jurisdictions we have recognized deferred tax assets and liabilities. Judgment and assumptions are required in determining whether deferred tax assets will be fully or partially utilized. When we estimate that all or some portion of certain deferred tax assets such as net operating loss carryforwards will not be utilized, we establish a valuation allowance for the amount we determine to be more likely than not unrealizable. We continually evaluate strategies that could allow for future utilization of our deferred assets. Any change in the ability to utilize such deferred assets will be accounted for in the period of the event affecting the valuation allowance. If facts and circumstances cause us to change our expectations regarding future tax consequences, the resulting adjustments could have a material effect on our financial results or cash flow. At this time, we consider it more likely than not that we will have sufficient taxable income in the future that will allow us to realize the deferred tax assets that we have recognized. However, it is possible that some of our recognized deferred tax assets, relating to net operating loss carryforwards and tax credits, could expire unused or could carryforward indefinitely without utilization. Therefore, unless we are able to generate sufficient taxable income from our component operations, a substantial valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets may be required, which would materially increase our tax expense in the period the allowance is recognized and materially adversely affect our results of operations and statement of financial condition.

​

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act was signed into law in the United States on July 4, 2025. We are currently evaluating the income tax impacts of the law, but we do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial statements.

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​

Litigation

​

Nabors and its subsidiaries are defendants or otherwise involved in a number of lawsuits in the ordinary course of business. We estimate the range of our liability related to pending litigation when we believe the amount and range of loss can be estimated. We record our best estimate of a loss when the loss is considered probable. When a liability is probable and there is a range of estimated loss with no best estimate in the range, we record the minimum estimated liability related to the lawsuits or claims. As additional information becomes available, we assess the potential liability related to our pending litigation and claims and revise our estimates. Due to uncertainties related to the resolution of lawsuits and claims, the ultimate outcome may differ from our estimates. For matters where an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible and significant, we disclose the nature of the matter and a range of potential exposure, unless an estimate cannot be made at the time of disclosure. In the opinion of management and based on liability accruals provided, our ultimate exposure with respect to these pending lawsuits and claims is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or cash flows, although they could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations for a particular reporting period.

​

In March 2011, the Court of Ouargla entered a judgment of approximately $21.8 million (at September 30, 2025 exchange rates) against us relating to alleged violations of Algeria’s foreign currency exchange controls, which require that goods and services provided locally be invoiced and paid in local currency. The case relates to certain foreign currency payments made to us by CEPSA, a Spanish operator, for wells drilled in 2006. Approximately $7.5 million of the total contract amount was paid offshore in foreign currency, and approximately $3.2 million was paid in local currency. The judgment includes fines and penalties of approximately four times the amount at issue. We have appealed the ruling based on our understanding that the law in question applies only to resident entities incorporated under Algerian law. An intermediate court of appeals upheld the lower court’s ruling, and we appealed the matter to the Supreme Court. On September 25, 2014, the Supreme Court overturned the verdict against us, and the case was reheard by the Ouargla Court of Appeals on March 22, 2015 in light of the Supreme Court’s opinion. On March 29, 2015, the Ouargla Court of Appeals reinstated the initial judgment against us. We appealed this decision again to the Supreme Court, which again overturned the appeals court’s decision. The case was moved back to the court of appeals, which, once again, reinstated the verdict, failing to abide by the Supreme Court’s ruling. Accordingly, we appealed once more to the Supreme Court to try to get a final ruling on the matter. On April 10, 2025, the Supreme Court cancelled the judgment of the Ouargla Court of Appeals, ruled in our favor and sent the case back to a different court, the Algiers Court of Appeals. While our payments were consistent with our historical operations in the country, and, we believe, those of other multinational corporations there, as well as interpretations of the law by the Central Bank of Algeria, the ultimate resolution of this matter could result in a loss of up to $13.8 million in excess of amounts accrued.

​

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements (Including Guarantees)

​

We are a party to some transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements defined as “off-balance sheet arrangements” that could have a material future effect on our financial position, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. The most significant of these off-balance sheet arrangements include the A/R Facility (see Note 5—Accounts Receivable Purchase and Sales Agreements) and certain agreements and obligations under which we provide financial or performance assurance to third parties. Certain of these financial or performance assurances serve as guarantees, including standby letters of credit issued on behalf of insurance carriers in conjunction with our workers’ compensation insurance program and other financial surety instruments such as bonds. In addition, we have provided indemnifications, which serve as guarantees, to some third parties. These guarantees include indemnification provided by Nabors to our share transfer agent and our insurance carriers. We are not able to estimate the potential future maximum payments that might be due under our indemnification guarantees.

​

Management believes the likelihood that we would be required to perform or otherwise incur any material losses associated with any of these guarantees is remote. The following table summarizes the total maximum amount of financial guarantees issued by Nabors:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Maximum Amount |
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |
​ | ​ | (In thousands) |
Financial standby letters of credit and other financial surety instruments | ​ | $ | 8,094 |  | 28,967 |  | 20 |  | 14,525 | ​ | $ | 51,606 | ​

​

​

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Note 10 Earnings (Losses) Per Share

​

ASC 260, Earnings per Share, requires companies to treat unvested share-based payment awards that have nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings (losses) per share. We have granted and expect to continue to grant to employees restricted stock grants that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends. Such grants are considered participating securities under ASC 260. As such, we are required to include these grants in the calculation of our basic earnings (losses) per share and calculate basic earnings (losses) per share using the two-class method. The two-class method of computing earnings per share is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The participating security holders are not contractually obligated to share in losses. Therefore, losses are not allocated to the participating security holders.

​

Basic earnings (losses) per share is computed utilizing the two-class method and is calculated based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented.

​

Diluted earnings (losses) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the periods utilizing the two-class method for stock options and unvested restricted shares and the if-converted method for the 1.75% senior exchangeable notes due June 2029 as the instrument contains a provision for share settlement.

​

A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share computations is as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In thousands, except per share amounts)
BASIC EPS: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income (loss) (numerator): | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Income (loss), net of tax | ​ | $ | 302,466 | ​ | $ | (33,087) | ​ | $ | 357,440 | ​ | $ | (55,118)
Less: net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest | ​ |  | (28,268) | ​ |  | (22,738) | ​ |  | (81,164) | ​ |  | (67,295)
Less: deemed dividends to SPAC public shareholders | ​ |  | (750) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (750) | ​ |  | —
Less: accrued distribution on redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary | ​ | ​ | (7,344) | ​ | ​ | (7,363) | ​ | ​ | (21,792) | ​ | ​ | (21,929)
Less: distributed and undistributed earnings allocated to unvested shareholders | ​ | ​ | (8,828) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (9,106) | ​ | ​ | —
Numerator for basic earnings per share: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Adjusted income (loss), net of tax - basic | ​ | $ | 257,276 | ​ | $ | (63,188) | ​ | $ | 244,628 | ​ | $ | (144,342)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding - basic | ​ |  | 14,098 | ​ |  | 9,213 | ​ |  | 12,880 | ​ |  | 9,199
Earnings (losses) per share: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total Basic | ​ | $ | 18.25 | ​ | $ | (6.86) | ​ | $ | 18.99 | ​ | $ | (15.69)
DILUTED EPS: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Adjusted income (loss), net of tax - basic | ​ | $ | 257,276 | ​ | $ | (63,188) | ​ | $ | 244,628 | ​ | $ | (144,342)
Add: after tax interest expense of convertible notes | ​ | ​ | 848 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 2,544 | ​ | ​ | —
Add: effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders | ​ | ​ | 28 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 24 | ​ | ​ | —
Adjusted income (loss), net of tax - diluted | ​ | $ | 258,152 | ​ | $ | (63,188) | ​ | $ | 247,196 | ​ | $ | (144,342)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding - basic | ​ |  | 14,098 | ​ |  | 9,213 | ​ |  | 12,880 | ​ |  | 9,199
Add: if converted dilutive effect of convertible notes | ​ | ​ | 1,176 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1,176 | ​ | ​ | —
Add: dilutive effect of potential common shares | ​ | ​ | 47 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 36 | ​ | ​ | —
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding - diluted | ​ | ​ | 15,321 | ​ | ​ | 9,213 | ​ | ​ | 14,092 | ​ | ​ | 9,199
Earnings (losses) per share: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total Diluted | ​ | $ | 16.85 | ​ | $ | (6.86) | ​ | $ | 17.54 | ​ | $ | (15.69)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​

​

For all periods presented, the computation of diluted earnings (losses) per share excludes shares related to outstanding stock options with exercise prices greater than the average market price of Nabors’ common shares and shares related to the outstanding Warrants when their exercise price or exchange price is higher than the average market price of Nabors’ common shares, because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive and because they are not considered participating securities.

​

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In any period during which the average market price of Nabors’ common shares exceeds the exercise prices of the stock options, such stock options or warrants will be included in our diluted earnings (losses) per share computation using the if-converted method of accounting. Restricted stock is included in our basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share computation using the two-class method of accounting in all periods because such stock is considered participating securities. For periods in which we experience a net loss, all potential common shares have been excluded from the calculation of weighted-average shares outstanding, because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

​

The average number of shares from options and shares related to outstanding Warrants that were excluded from diluted earnings (losses) per share that would potentially dilute earnings per share in the future were as follows (in thousands):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ | ​ | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Potentially dilutive securities excluded as anti-dilutive | ​ | ​ | 3,477 | ​ | ​ | 3,383 | ​ | ​ | 3,500 | ​ | ​ | 3,390

​

Additionally, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we excluded 1.2 million common shares from the computation of diluted shares related to the conversion of the 1.75% senior exchangeable notes due June 2029, because their effect would be anti-dilutive under the if-converted method.

​

​

Note 11 Supplemental Balance Sheet and Income Statement Information

​

Accrued liabilities included the following:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Accrued compensation | ​ | $ | 87,231 | ​ | $ | 68,776
Deferred revenue | ​ |  | 67,408 | ​ | ​ | 30,902
Other taxes payable | ​ |  | 32,856 | ​ | ​ | 33,446
Workers’ compensation liabilities | ​ |  | 8,146 | ​ |  | 6,588
Interest payable | ​ |  | 38,073 | ​ |  | 66,300
Litigation reserves | ​ |  | 11,295 | ​ |  | 10,493
Accrued professional fees | ​ |  | 2,900 | ​ |  | 2,490
Accrued transaction related costs | ​ |  | 15,000 | ​ |  | —
Other accrued liabilities | ​ |  | 27,842 | ​ |  | 4,764
​ | ​ | $ | 290,751 | ​ | $ | 223,759

​

Investment income (loss) includes the following:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Interest and dividend income | ​ | $ | 7,325 | ​ | $ | 11,479 | ​ | $ | 20,317 | ​ | $ | 30,265
Gains (losses) on marketable securities | ​ |  | (2) | ​ |  | 24 | ​ |  | (269) | ​ |  | (380)
​ | ​ | $ | 7,323 | ​ | $ | 11,503 | ​ | $ | 20,048 | ​ | $ | 29,885

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​

Other, net included the following:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ |  | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ | ​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | ​ | (In thousands)
(Gains) losses on sales, disposals and involuntary conversions of long-lived assets | ​ | ​ | $ | 2,469 | ​ | $ | 6,000 | ​ | $ | (13,360) | ​ | $ | 15,542
Asset impairment | ​ | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 26,456 | ​ | ​ | —
Transaction related costs | ​ | ​ | ​ | 743 | ​ | ​ | 1,194 | ​ | ​ | 19,858 | ​ | ​ | 1,194
Other than temporary impairment on securities | ​ | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 15,380 | ​ | ​ | 3,847 | ​ | ​ | 15,380
Severance and reorganization costs | ​ | ​ | ​ | 9,823 | ​ | ​ | 1,734 | ​ | ​ | 21,978 | ​ | ​ | 2,882
Warrant and derivative valuation | ​ | ​ | ​ | (25) | ​ | ​ | (2,944) | ​ | ​ | (7,424) | ​ | ​ | (12,538)
Litigation expenses and reserves | ​ | ​ |  | 2,389 | ​ | ​ | 879 | ​ | ​ | 3,768 | ​ | ​ | 5,197
Foreign currency transaction losses | ​ | ​ |  | 3,260 | ​ | ​ | 3,423 | ​ | ​ | 5,395 | ​ | ​ | 21,317
Loss (gain) on debt buyback | ​ | ​ | ​ | 3,863 | ​ | ​ | 12,281 | ​ | ​ | 1,948 | ​ | ​ | 14,857
Other losses (gains) | ​ | ​ |  | 1,948 | ​ | ​ | 3,661 | ​ | ​ | 12,868 | ​ | ​ | 5,964
​ | ​ | ​ | $ | 24,470 | ​ | $ | 41,608 | ​ | $ | 75,334 | ​ | $ | 69,795

​

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), by component, included the following:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Gains | ​ | Defined | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | (losses) on | ​ | benefit | ​ | Foreign | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | cash flow | ​ | pension plan | ​ | currency | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | hedges |  | items |  | items |  | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands (1) )
As of January 1, 2024 | ​ | $ | 2 | ​ | $ | (3,606) | ​ | $ | (7,228) | ​ | $ | (10,832)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ |  | (133) | ​ | ​ | (133)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 121 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 121
Net other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 121 | ​ |  | (133) | ​ |  | (12)
As of September 30, 2024 | ​ | $ | 2 | ​ | $ | (3,485) | ​ | $ | (7,361) | ​ | $ | (10,844)

(1) | All amounts are net of tax.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Gains | ​ | Defined | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | (losses) on | ​ | benefit | ​ | Foreign | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | cash flow | ​ | pension plan | ​ | currency | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | hedges |  | items |  | items |  | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands (1) )
As of January 1, 2025 | ​ | $ | 2 | ​ | $ | (3,444) | ​ | $ | (6,972) | ​ | $ | (10,414)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (669) | ​ |  | (669)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 121 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 121
Net other comprehensive income (loss) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 121 | ​ |  | (669) | ​ |  | (548)
As of September 30, 2025 | ​ | $ | 2 | ​ | $ | (3,323) | ​ | $ | (7,641) | ​ | $ | (10,962)

(1) | All amounts are net of tax.

​

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The line items that were reclassified to net income included the following:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ | ​ |  | September 30, | ​ | September 30,
​ | ​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | (In thousands)
General and administrative expenses | ​ | ​ | $ | 52 | ​ | $ | 52 | ​ | $ | 157 | ​ | $ | 157
Total income (loss) before income tax | ​ | ​ |  | (52) | ​ |  | (52) | ​ |  | (157) | ​ |  | (157)
Tax expense (benefit) | ​ | ​ | ​ | (12) | ​ | ​ | (12) | ​ | ​ | (36) | ​ | ​ | (36)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains)/ losses included in net income (loss) | ​ | ​ | $ | (40) | ​ | $ | (40) | ​ | $ | (121) | ​ | $ | (121)

​

​

Note 12 Segment Information

​

Our business consists of four reportable segments: U.S. Drilling, International Drilling, Drilling Solutions and Rig Technologies. Our reportable segments include operating segments that have been aggregated based on the nature of the products and services provided. Results of Parker’s operations have been included within U.S. Drilling, International Drilling and Drilling Solutions segments. Prior to its sale, Quail Tools’ operations were included within the Drilling Solutions segment. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Inter-segment sales are recorded at cost or cost plus a profit margin. Management’s determination of our reporting segments was made on the basis of our strategic priorities within each segment and the differences in the products and services we provide. The reportable segments results are reviewed regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), who is our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. Our CODM evaluates the segments’ operating performance based on adjusted operating income (loss), defined as net income (loss) before income taxes, interest expense, earnings (losses) from unconsolidated affiliates, investment income (loss), gain on disposition of Quail Tools, gain on bargain purchase and other, net.

​

The following table sets forth financial information with respect to our reportable operating segments:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, 2025
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Total Reportable Segments | ​ | ​ | Other items (1) | ​ | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 249,836 | ​ | $ | 407,235 | ​ | $ | 141,942 | ​ | $ | 35,597 | ​ | $ | 834,610 | ​ | $ | (16,420) | ​ | $ | 818,190
Direct costs | ​ |  | (149,156) | ​ |  | (260,004) | ​ |  | (69,186) | ​ |  | (25,449) | ​ |  | (503,795) | ​ |  | 11,967 | ​ | ​ | (491,828)
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | (62,732) | ​ |  | (82,075) | ​ |  | (10,684) | ​ |  | (2,893) | ​ |  | (158,384) | ​ |  | (1,963) | ​ | ​ | (160,347)
Other segment expenses (2) | ​ |  | (6,519) | ​ | ​ | (19,680) | ​ | ​ | (12,090) | ​ | ​ | (6,378) | ​ | ​ | (44,667) | ​ | ​ | (45,387) | ​ |  | (90,054)
Total adjusted operating income (loss) | ​ | $ | 31,429 | ​ | $ | 45,476 | ​ | $ | 49,982 | ​ | $ | 877 | ​ | $ | 127,764 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures | ​ | $ | 39,238 | ​ | $ | 132,678 | ​ | $ | 16,186 | ​ | $ | 517 | ​ | $ | 188,619 | ​ | $ | (566) | ​ | $ | 188,053

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​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended | ​
​ |  | September 30, 2025 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Total Reportable Segments | ​ | ​ | Other items (1) | ​ | ​ | Total | ​
​ | ​ | (In thousands) | ​
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 736,020 | ​ | $ | 1,173,923 | ​ | $ | 405,404 | ​ | $ | 116,289 | ​ | $ | 2,431,636 | ​ | $ | (44,472) | ​ | $ | 2,387,164 | ​
Direct costs | ​ |  | (428,372) | ​ |  | (756,390) | ​ |  | (193,891) | ​ |  | (81,478) | ​ |  | (1,460,131) | ​ |  | 32,122 | ​ | ​ | (1,428,009) | ​
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | (185,877) | ​ |  | (246,210) | ​ |  | (44,760) | ​ |  | (7,574) | ​ |  | (484,421) | ​ |  | (5,625) | ​ | ​ | (490,046) | ​
Other segment expenses (2) | ​ |  | (18,955) | ​ | ​ | (56,838) | ​ | ​ | (33,493) | ​ | ​ | (20,304) | ​ | ​ | (129,590) | ​ | ​ | (138,453) | ​ |  | (268,043) | ​
Total adjusted operating income (loss) (2) | ​ | $ | 102,816 | ​ | $ | 114,485 | ​ | $ | 133,260 | ​ | $ | 6,933 | ​ | $ | 357,494 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures | ​ | $ | 107,137 | ​ | $ | 368,189 | ​ | $ | 57,772 | ​ | $ | 1,268 | ​ | $ | 534,366 | ​ | $ | 2,732 | ​ | $ | 537,098 | ​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, 2024
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Total Reportable Segments | ​ | ​ | Other items (1) | ​ | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 254,773 | ​ | $ | 368,594 | ​ | $ | 79,544 | ​ | $ | 45,809 | ​ | $ | 748,720 | ​ | $ | (16,915) | ​ | $ | 731,805
Direct costs | ​ |  | (139,702) | ​ |  | (235,402) | ​ |  | (37,353) | ​ |  | (31,702) | ​ |  | (444,159) | ​ |  | 12,454 | ​ | ​ | (431,705)
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | (66,966) | ​ |  | (83,769) | ​ |  | (5,080) | ​ |  | (3,343) | ​ |  | (159,158) | ​ |  | (76) | ​ | ​ | (159,234)
Other segment expenses (2) | ​ |  | (6,411) | ​ | ​ | (17,241) | ​ | ​ | (7,880) | ​ | ​ | (8,003) | ​ | ​ | (39,535) | ​ | ​ | (38,845) | ​ |  | (78,380)
Total adjusted operating income (loss) | ​ | $ | 41,694 | ​ | $ | 32,182 | ​ | $ | 29,231 | ​ | $ | 2,761 | ​ | $ | 105,868 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures | ​ | $ | 25,778 | ​ | $ | 81,903 | ​ | $ | 4,857 | ​ | $ | 586 | ​ | $ | 113,124 | ​ | $ | 4,785 | ​ | $ | 117,909

​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended | ​
​ |  | September 30, 2024 | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Total Reportable Segments | ​ | ​ | Other items (1) | ​ | ​ | Total | ​
​ | ​ | (In thousands) | ​
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 786,485 | ​ | $ | 1,074,686 | ​ | $ | 238,079 | ​ | $ | 145,511 | ​ | $ | 2,244,761 | ​ | $ | (44,454) | ​ | $ | 2,200,307 | ​
Direct costs | ​ |  | (425,182) | ​ |  | (699,863) | ​ |  | (116,645) | ​ |  | (99,909) | ​ |  | (1,341,599) | ​ |  | 32,592 | ​ | ​ | (1,309,007) | ​
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | (205,775) | ​ |  | (246,490) | ​ |  | (15,123) | ​ |  | (8,405) | ​ |  | (475,793) | ​ |  | (1,267) | ​ | ​ | (477,060) | ​
Other segment expenses (2) | ​ |  | (18,220) | ​ | ​ | (50,003) | ​ | ​ | (22,868) | ​ | ​ | (25,367) | ​ | ​ | (116,458) | ​ | ​ | (114,052) | ​ |  | (230,510) | ​
Total adjusted operating income (loss) (2) | ​ | $ | 137,308 | ​ | $ | 78,330 | ​ | $ | 83,443 | ​ | $ | 11,830 | ​ | $ | 310,911 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures | ​ | $ | 87,597 | ​ | $ | 251,163 | ​ | $ | 12,273 | ​ | $ | 4,158 | ​ | $ | 355,191 | ​ | $ | 13,365 | ​ | $ | 368,556 | ​

​

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | Nine Months Ended | ​
​ |  | September 30, | ​ | September 30, | ​
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |
​ | ​ | (In thousands) | ​
Reconciliation of segment adjusted operating income (loss) to net income (loss): | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net income (loss) | ​ | $ | 302,466 | ​ | $ | (33,087) | ​ | $ | 357,440 | ​ | $ | (55,118) | ​
Income tax expense (benefit) | ​ | ​ | 117,571 | ​ | ​ | 10,118 | ​ | ​ | 155,655 | ​ | ​ | 41,716 | ​
Income (loss) before income taxes | ​ | ​ | 420,037 | ​ | ​ | (22,969) | ​ | ​ | 513,095 | ​ | ​ | (13,402) | ​
Investment (income) loss | ​ |  | (7,323) | ​ | ​ | (11,503) | ​ |  | (20,048) | ​ | ​ | (29,885) | ​
Interest expense | ​ | ​ | 54,334 | ​ | ​ | 55,350 | ​ | ​ | 164,741 | ​ | ​ | 157,222 | ​
Gain on disposition of Quail Tools | ​ | ​ | (415,557) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (415,557) | ​ | ​ | — | ​
Gain on bargain purchase | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (116,499) | ​ | ​ | — | ​
Other, net | ​ | ​ | 24,470 | ​ | ​ | 41,608 | ​ | ​ | 75,334 | ​ | ​ | 69,795 | ​
Other reconciling items (1) | ​ | ​ | 51,803 | ​ | ​ | 43,382 | ​ | ​ | 156,428 | ​ | ​ | 127,181 | ​
Total segment adjusted operating income (loss) (3) | ​ | $ | 127,764 | ​ | $ | 105,868 | ​ | $ | 357,494 | ​ | $ | 310,911 | ​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | December 31,
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Total assets: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
U.S. Drilling | ​ | $ | 1,012,063 | ​ | $ | 1,049,650
International Drilling | ​ |  | 2,494,424 | ​ |  | 2,348,590
Drilling Solutions | ​ |  | 221,598 | ​ |  | 79,065
Rig Technologies | ​ |  | 166,351 | ​ |  | 215,225
Total reportable segments | ​ | ​ | 3,894,436 | ​ | ​ | 3,692,530
Other reconciling items (4) | ​ |  | 939,068 | ​ |  | 811,771
Total | ​ | $ | 4,833,504 | ​ | $ | 4,504,301

(1) | Represents the elimination of inter-segment transactions related to our Rig Technologies operating segment and unallocated corporate expenses, assets and capital expenditures.

​

(2) | Other segment expenses represent general and administrative expenses and research and engineering expenses.

​

(3) | Management evaluates the performance of our operating segments using adjusted operating income (loss), which is our segment performance measure, because it believes that this financial measure reflects our ongoing profitability and performance. In addition, securities analysts and investors use this measure as one of the metrics on which they analyze our performance. A reconciliation to income (loss) is provided in the above table.

​

(4) | Represents corporate-related assets.

​

Note 13 Revenue Recognition

​

We recognize revenue when control of a good or service promised in a contract (i.e., performance obligation) is transferred to a customer. Control is obtained when a customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from that good or service. Contract drilling revenues are recorded over time utilizing the input method based on time elapsed. The measurement of progress considers the transfer of the service to the customer as we provide daily drilling services. We receive payment after the services have been performed by billing customers periodically (typically monthly). However, a portion of our revenues are recognized at a point-in-time as control is transferred at a distinct point in time such as with the sale of our top drives and other capital equipment. Within our drilling contracts, we have identified one performance obligation in which the transaction price is allocated.

​

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Disaggregation of revenue

​

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by geographical region. The table also includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue with the reportable segments:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, 2025
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Other | ​ | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Lower 48 | ​ | $ | 185,404 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 71,336 | ​ | $ | 21,844 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 278,584
U.S. Offshore | ​ |  | 30,802 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,843 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 33,645
Alaska | ​ |  | 33,630 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,182 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 35,812
Canada | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 15,633 | ​ |  | 575 | ​ |  | 1,177 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 17,385
Middle East & Asia | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 270,003 | ​ |  | 34,549 | ​ |  | 12,207 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 316,759
Latin America | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 91,050 | ​ |  | 21,917 | ​ |  | 306 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 113,273
Europe, Africa & CIS | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 30,549 | ​ |  | 8,540 | ​ |  | 63 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 39,152
Eliminations & other | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (16,420) | ​ |  | (16,420)
Total | ​ | $ | 249,836 | ​ | $ | 407,235 | ​ | $ | 141,942 | ​ | $ | 35,597 | ​ | $ | (16,420) | ​ | $ | 818,190

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, 2025
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Other | ​ | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Lower 48 | ​ | $ | 563,898 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 219,707 | ​ | $ | 59,633 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 843,238
U.S. Offshore | ​ |  | 85,989 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 6,902 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 92,891
Alaska | ​ |  | 86,133 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 5,778 | ​ |  | 4 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 91,915
Canada | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 30,676 | ​ |  | 1,648 | ​ |  | 4,584 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 36,908
Middle East & Asia | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 780,429 | ​ |  | 87,006 | ​ |  | 48,176 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 915,611
Latin America | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 276,279 | ​ |  | 65,458 | ​ |  | 2,580 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 344,317
Europe, Africa & CIS | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 86,539 | ​ |  | 18,905 | ​ |  | 1,312 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 106,756
Eliminations & other | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (44,472) | ​ |  | (44,472)
Total | ​ | $ | 736,020 | ​ | $ | 1,173,923 | ​ | $ | 405,404 | ​ | $ | 116,289 | ​ | $ | (44,472) | ​ | $ | 2,387,164

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, 2024
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Other | ​ | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Lower 48 | ​ | $ | 217,138 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 42,161 | ​ | $ | 20,661 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 279,960
U.S. Offshore | ​ |  | 25,510 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,969 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 27,479
Alaska | ​ |  | 12,125 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 501 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 12,626
Canada | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 416 | ​ |  | 936 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 1,352
Middle East & Asia | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 250,740 | ​ |  | 13,321 | ​ |  | 19,067 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 283,128
Latin America | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 94,140 | ​ |  | 20,735 | ​ |  | 3,361 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 118,236
Europe, Africa & CIS | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 23,714 | ​ |  | 441 | ​ |  | 1,784 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 25,939
Eliminations & other | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (16,915) | ​ |  | (16,915)
Total | ​ | $ | 254,773 | ​ | $ | 368,594 | ​ | $ | 79,544 | ​ | $ | 45,809 | ​ | $ | (16,915) | ​ | $ | 731,805

​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended
​ |  | September 30, 2024
​ | ​ | ​ | U.S. Drilling | ​ | ​ | International Drilling | ​ | ​ | Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | Other | ​ | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Lower 48 | ​ | $ | 670,060 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 134,296 | ​ | $ | 66,735 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 871,091
U.S. Offshore | ​ |  | 82,555 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 7,429 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 89,984
Alaska | ​ |  | 33,870 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,856 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 35,726
Canada | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,282 | ​ |  | 4,051 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 5,333
Middle East & Asia | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 751,271 | ​ |  | 37,363 | ​ |  | 57,748 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 846,382
Latin America | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 266,416 | ​ |  | 54,789 | ​ |  | 12,064 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 333,269
Europe, Africa & CIS | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 56,999 | ​ |  | 1,064 | ​ |  | 4,913 | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | 62,976
Eliminations & other | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (44,454) | ​ |  | (44,454)
Total | ​ | $ | 786,485 | ​ | $ | 1,074,686 | ​ | $ | 238,079 | ​ | $ | 145,511 | ​ | $ | (44,454) | ​ | $ | 2,200,307

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Contract balances

​

We perform our obligations under a contract with a customer by transferring goods or services in exchange for consideration from the customer. We recognize a contract asset or liability when we transfer goods or services to a customer and bill an amount which differs from the revenue allocated to the related performance obligations.

​

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers and these timing differences result in receivables, contract assets, or contract liabilities (deferred revenue) on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. In general, we receive payments from customers based on dayrates as stipulated in our contracts (e.g., operating rate, standby rate, etc.). The invoices billed to the customer are based on the varying rates applicable to the operating status on each rig. Accounts receivable are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional.

​

Dayrate contracts also may contain fees charged to the customer for up-front rig modifications, mobilization and demobilization of equipment and personnel. These fees are associated with contract fulfillment activities, and the related revenue (subject to any constraint on estimates of variable consideration) is allocated to a single performance obligation and recognized ratably over the initial term of the contract. Mobilization fees are generally billable to the customer in the initial phase of a contract and generate contract liabilities until they are recognized as revenue. Demobilization fees are generally received at the end of the contract and generate contract assets when they are recognized as revenue prior to becoming receivables from the customer.

​

We receive reimbursements from our customers for the purchase of supplies, equipment, personnel services and other services provided at their request. Reimbursable revenues are variable and subject to uncertainty as the amounts received and timing thereof are dependent on factors outside of our influence. Accordingly, these revenues are constrained and not recognized until the uncertainty is resolved, which typically occurs when the related costs are incurred on behalf of the customer. We are generally considered a principal in these transactions and record the associated revenues at the gross amounts billed to the customer.

​

The opening and closing balances of our receivables, contract assets and current and long-term contract liabilities are as follows:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Contract | ​ | Contract | ​ | Contract | ​ | Contract
​ | ​ | Contract | ​ | Assets | ​ | Assets | ​ | Liabilities | ​ | Liabilities
​ |  | Receivables |  | (Current) |  | (Long-term) |  | (Current) |  | (Long-term)
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
As of December 31, 2024 | ​ | $ | 433,562 | ​ | $ | 17,510 | ​ | $ | 9,742 | ​ | $ | 24,002 | ​ | $ | 13,424
As of September 30, 2025 | ​ | $ | 542,567 | ​ | $ | 19,649 | ​ | $ | 9,467 | ​ | $ | 55,586 | ​ | $ | 14,001

​

Approximately 42% of the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period is expected to be recognized as revenue during 2025, of which 36% was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and 17% is expected to be recognized during 2026. The remaining 41% of the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period is expected to be recognized as revenue during 2027 or thereafter.

​

Additionally, 44% of the contract asset balance at the beginning of the period is expected to be recognized as expense during 2025, of which 34% was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and 23% is expected to be recognized during 2026. The remaining 33% of the contract asset balance at the beginning of the period is expected to be recognized as expense during 2027 or thereafter. This disclosure does not include variable consideration allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation.

​

Note 14 Special Purpose Acquisition Company

​

Nabors Energy Transition Corp. II (“NETC II”) is our SPAC co-sponsored by Nabors and Greens Road Energy II LLC. Greens Road Energy II LLC is owned by certain members of Nabors’ management team and board members. In July 2023, NETC II completed its initial public offering of 30,500,000 units at $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of approximately $305.0 million. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, NETC II completed the private sale of an aggregate of 9,540,000 warrants for an aggregate value of $9.5 million and issued unsecured promissory notes for an aggregate amount of $3.1 million. As part of the initial public offering of NETC II and subsequent private placement warrant transactions, $308.1 million was deposited in an interest-bearing U.S. based trust account (“Trust Account”) on July 18, 2023.

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In February 2025, NETC II entered into a definitive agreement for a business combination with e2Companies LLC, a leading provider of integrated solutions for on-site power generation, distribution and energy cost-optimization. Completion of the proposed transaction is subject to closing conditions.

​

On July 11, 2025, NETC II and Merger Sub, LLC (“Merger Sub”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Nabors Energy Transition Sponsor II LLC (the “Sponsor”), filed a complaint against e2 in the Delaware Court of Chancery (the “Complaint”) alleging that e2 breached the business combination agreement by, among other things, delaying in completing its obligations to assist with required regulatory filings and otherwise delaying in completing the business combination, engaging in non-ordinary course transactions without NETC II’s consent, and failing to provide required financials to NETC II. On October 14, 2025, NETC II, e2, the Sponsor and Merger Sub entered into the Settlement Agreement and Release pursuant to which (i) e2 issued a secured promissory note to NETC II in an aggregate principal amount of $29.23 million and (ii) the parties agreed to dismiss the Complaint with prejudice.

​

In July 2025, NETC II held an extraordinary general meeting which approved, among other things, a proposal to extend the date NETC II has to consummate an initial business combination to July 18, 2026. In connection with the meeting, $186.7 million of the holdings held in the Trust Account were redeemed.

​

The SPAC’s funds held in a Trust Account are invested in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, which invests only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. The funds in the Trust Account will only be released to the SPAC upon completion of a business combination or in connection with redemptions of any of the redeemable common shares, except with respect to interest earned on the funds which may be withdrawn to pay the SPAC’s taxes.

​

The company accounts for the non-controlling interest in the SPAC as subject to possible redemption in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” The SPAC’s common stock features certain redemption rights, which are considered to be outside the company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Nabors will recognize any future changes in redemption value immediately as they occur – i.e., adjusting the carrying amount of the instrument to its current redemption amount at each reporting period.

​

The SPAC is a consolidated VIE included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements under Restricted cash held in trust and Redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Trust Account balance and non-controlling interest subject to possible redemption was $154.2 million and $331.8 million, respectively. NETC II’s non-controlling interest subject to possible redemption is presented at full redemption value as mezzanine equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

​

The following table summarizes NETC II’s effects on changes in non-controlling interest subject to possible redemption.

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year | ​ | $ | 331,781 | ​ | $ | 315,488
Redemptions | ​ | ​ | (186,655) | ​ | ​ | —
Net earnings | ​ |  | 8,283 | ​ | ​ | 12,521
Nabors deemed dividends to SPAC public shareholders | ​ |  | 750 | ​ | ​ | —
Balance as of September 30 | ​ | $ | 154,159 | ​ | $ | 328,009

​

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

​

We often discuss expectations regarding our future markets, demand for our products and services, and our performance in our annual, quarterly and current reports, press releases, and other written and oral statements. Statements relating to matters that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These “forward-looking statements” are based on an analysis of currently available competitive, financial and economic data and our operating plans. They are inherently uncertain and investors should recognize that events and actual results could turn out to be significantly different from our expectations. By way of illustration, when used in this document, words such as “anticipate,”

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“believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “predict” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

​

You should consider the following key factors when evaluating these forward-looking statements:

​

| ● | geopolitical events, pandemics, global and regional conflicts and other macro-events and their respective and collective impact on our operations as well as oil and gas markets and prices;

​

| ● | fluctuations and volatility in worldwide prices of and demand for oil and natural gas;

​

| ● | fluctuations in levels of oil and natural gas exploration and development activities;

​

| ● | fluctuations in the demand for our services;

​

| ● | competitive and technological changes and other developments in the oil and gas and oilfield services industries;

​

| ● | our ability to renew customer contracts in order to maintain competitiveness;

​

| ● | the existence of operating risks inherent in the oil and gas and oilfield services industries;

​

| ● | the possibility of the loss of one or a number of our large customers;

​

| ● | the amount and nature of our future capital expenditures and how we expect to fund our capital expenditures;

​

| ● | the occurrence of cybersecurity incidents, attacks or other breaches to our information technology systems;

​

| ● | the impact of our long-term indebtedness and other financial commitments on our financial and operating flexibility;

​

| ● | our access to, and the cost of, capital, including the impact of a downgrade in our credit rating, covenant restrictions, availability under our secured revolving credit facility, future issuances of debt or equity securities and the global interest rate environment;

​

| ● | our dependence on our operating subsidiaries and investments to meet our financial obligations;

​

| ● | our ability to retain skilled employees;

​

| ● | our ability to realize the expected benefits of our acquisition of Parker Drilling Company (“Parker”) as well as other strategic transactions we may undertake;

​

| ● | changes in tax laws and the possibility of changes in other laws and regulations;

​

| ● | the possibility of political or economic instability, civil disturbance, war or acts of terrorism in any of the countries in which we do business;

​

| ● | global views on and the regulatory environment related to energy transition and our ability to implement our energy transition initiatives;

​

| ● | potential long-lived asset impairments;

​

| ● | the possibility of changes to trade policies and regulations, including the imposition of trade embargoes, sanctions or tariffs, by either the U.S. or any other country in which we operate or have supply lines;

​

| ● | general economic conditions, including the capital and credit markets;

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​

| ● | potential adverse reactions or changes to business relationships resulting from the completion of the merger with Parker;

​

| ● | our ability to retain key personnel of Nabors and Parker;

​

| ● | the significant costs required to integrate Parker’s operations with our own;

​

| ● | our ability to successfully integrate Parker’s business with our own and to realize the expected benefits of the merger with Parker, including expected synergies; and

​

| ● | the combined company’s ability to utilize NOLs.

​

Our business depends, to a large degree, on the level of spending by oil and gas companies for exploration, development and production activities. Therefore, a sustained increase or decrease in the price of oil or natural gas, that has a material impact on exploration, development and production activities, could also materially affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

​

The above description of risks and uncertainties is by no means all-inclusive but highlights certain factors that we believe are important for your consideration. For a more detailed description of risk factors that may affect us or our industry, please refer to Item 1A. — Risk Factors in our 2024 Annual Report.

​

Management Overview

​

This section is intended to help you understand our results of operations and our financial condition. The results of operations discussed below include amounts pertaining to Parker after the merger closed on March 11, 2025. This information is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto.

​

We are a leading provider of advanced technology for the energy industry. With operations in over 20 countries, Nabors has established a global network of people, technology and equipment to deploy solutions that deliver safe, efficient and sustainable energy production. By leveraging its core competencies, particularly in drilling, engineering, automation, data science and manufacturing, Nabors aims to innovate the future of energy and enable the transition to a lower carbon world.

​

Outlook

​

The demand for our services and products is a function of the level of spending by oil and gas companies for exploration, development and production activities. The level of exploration, development and production activities is to a large extent tied to the prices of oil and natural gas, which can fluctuate significantly, are highly volatile and tend to be highly sensitive to factors including supply and demand cycles and geopolitical uncertainties particularly those impacting large hydrocarbon-producing countries. Certain oil and gas companies may also intentionally limit their capital spending as they focus on generating returns to shareholders as opposed to maximizing hydrocarbon production. Additionally, there has recently been an increasing number of customer consolidations within the industry especially in the United States. In some cases, these transactions may have an impact on overall rig demand, as the acquiring company may apply criteria that results in a different level of demand for drilling rigs than the previous two companies would have had on a stand-alone basis.

​

Since late 2022 and continuing through the third quarter of 2025, global energy commodity markets have experienced sustained volatility driven by evolving geopolitical dynamics, and more recently, domestic policy changes. In the U.S., operators generally reacted to these market conditions with caution by reducing their drilling activity – particularly in the natural gas basins. This trend appears to be shifting with the expectation for higher natural gas demand in the future. Meanwhile, a number of operators in oil-driven basins, especially the Permian Basin, have reduced drilling activity as they have realized efficiency gains and achieved their production goals.

​

Economic sentiment, which in early 2023 and again in early 2025 had been clouded by fears of a global recession, has gradually improved. The U.S. Federal Reserve’s extended period of elevated interest rates through late 2024

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constrained capital access for energy producers. However, with rate cuts beginning in late 2024 and continuing in 2025, there is evidence that the capital markets are beginning to loosen. The full impact of these monetary policy changes on energy sector investment should become more apparent in the coming quarters. Despite the reduction in rig count, pricing discipline for drilling rigs remained intact, and generally supportive of rig dayrates and daily rig margins.

​

Oil prices have been impacted by recent production actions announced by certain large international oil producers. Natural gas prices, particularly in the United States, have generally increased, in part as demand increased as LNG export facilities ramped throughput.

​

U.S. oil and gas production has proved resilient in the face of reduced drilling activity aided by efficiency gains. Internationally, we generally see an expansion of production capacity as well as the widespread development of unconventional resources driving an expected increase in oilfield activity broadly across those markets. In Saudi Arabia specifically, the operating rig fleet has declined even as unconventional gas development there proceeds.

​

Recent Developments

​

Acquisition of Parker Drilling Company

​

On March 11, 2025, Nabors completed its merger with Parker Drilling Company. At the effective time of the Merger, each share of common stock of Parker, par value $0.01 per share outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger was converted into the right to receive (without interest) a pro rata share of the merger consideration, which consisted of 4.8 million Nabors common shares, par value $0.05 per share and cash payment of $0.6 million.

​

Sale of Quail Tools, LLC

​

On August 20, 2025, Nabors entered into a definitive agreement to sell Quail Tools to Superior Energy Services, Inc. Quail Tools was part of Nabors’ acquisition of Parker. Net consideration for the sale totals $625.0 million inclusive of a net working capital adjustment. Consideration comprised of cash of $375.0 million and a seller note of $250.0 million. On October 9, 2025, Nabors received prepayment in full of the $250.0 million seller note, including accrued and unpaid interest.

​

Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

​

Operating revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2025 totaled $818.2 million, representing an increase of $86.4 million, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. For a more detailed description of operating results, see Segment Results of Operations below.

​

Net income attributable to Nabors totaled $274.2 million ($16.85 per diluted share) for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to a net loss attributable to Nabors of $55.8 million ($6.86 per diluted share) for the three months ended September 30, 2024, or a $330.0 million increase in net income. $415.6 million of the increase in net income was due to the gain on the disposition of Quail Tools. See Segment Results of Operations and Other Financial Information below for additional discussion.

​

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 totaled $77.1 million, representing an increase of $13.1 million, or 20%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. This is reflective of increases in workforce costs and general operating costs as a result of the Parker acquisition, along with inflationary pressures as market conditions have changed.

​

Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $160.3 million, representing an increase of $1.1 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase is a result of the additional assets obtained in the Parker acquisition.

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Segment Results of Operations

​

The following tables set forth certain information with respect to our reportable segments and rig activity:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | Three Months Ended | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ | September 30, | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | 2025 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | Increase/(Decrease) |
​ | (In thousands, except percentages and rig activity) | ​
U.S. Drilling | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |
Operating revenues | $ | 249,836 | ​ | $ | 254,773 | ​ | $ | (4,937) | ​ | (2) | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | $ | 31,429 | ​ | $ | 41,694 | ​ | $ | (10,265) | ​ | (25) | %
Average rigs working (2) |  | 69.2 | ​ |  | 74.0 | ​ |  | (4.8) | ​ | (6) | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
International Drilling | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenues | $ | 407,235 | ​ | $ | 368,594 | ​ | $ | 38,641 | ​ | 10 | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | $ | 45,476 | ​ | $ | 32,182 | ​ | $ | 13,294 | ​ | 41 | %
Average rigs working (2) |  | 89.2 | ​ |  | 84.7 | ​ |  | 4.5 | ​ | 5 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenues | $ | 141,942 | ​ | $ | 79,544 | ​ | $ | 62,398 | ​ | 78 | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | $ | 49,982 | ​ | $ | 29,231 | ​ | $ | 20,751 |  | 71 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenues | $ | 35,597 | ​ | $ | 45,809 | ​ | $ | (10,212) | ​ | (22) | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | $ | 877 | ​ | $ | 2,761 | ​ | $ | (1,884) |  | (68) | %

​

(3) | Adjusted operating income (loss) is our measure of segment profit and loss. See Note 12—Segment Information to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of the report.

​

(4) | Represents a measure of the average number of rigs operating during a given period. For example, one rig operating 45 days during a quarter represents approximately 0.5 average rigs working for the quarter. On an annual period, one rig operating 182.5 days represents approximately 0.5 average rigs working for the year.

​

U.S. Drilling

​

Operating revenues for our U.S. Drilling segment decreased by $4.9 million or 2% during the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the corresponding prior year period. Decreases in the Lower 48 land rig market for both average number of rigs working and dayrates, more than offset the incremental revenue from acquired Parker rig operations in the Alaska and U.S. Offshore markets.

​

International Drilling

​

Operating revenues for our International Drilling segment during the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $38.6 million or 10% compared to the corresponding prior year period. Incremental revenue from acquired Parker rig operations in international markets and the contribution of recently deployed rigs in other international markets comprise the majority of the increase.

​

Drilling Solutions

​

Operating revenues for this segment increased by $62.4 million or 78% during the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the corresponding prior year period. The increase in revenue is related to acquired Parker operations. This increase from Parker operations was slightly offset by a decline in results in the U.S. markets, which was driven by the reduction in drilling activity.

​

Rig Technologies

​

Operating revenues for our Rig Technologies segment decreased by $10.2 million or 22% during the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the corresponding prior year period due to the overall decline in activity as mentioned previously.

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Other Financial Information

​

Interest expense

​

Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $54.3 million, representing a decrease of $1.0 million, or 2%, compared to three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in our average outstanding debt balance throughout the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024.

​

Gain on disposition of Quail Tools

​

Gain on disposition of Quail Tools for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $415.6 million and zero, respectively. The gain on disposition of Quail Tools was related to the sale of Quail Tools in the third quarter of 2025.

​

Other, net

​

Other, net for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was a loss of $24.5 million compared to $41.6 million loss for the three months ended September 30, 2024 representing a $17.1 million increase in income. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the amount primarily consisted of $3.3 million in foreign currency transaction losses, $9.8 million related to severance and reorganization costs, $3.9 million of loss recognized for debt buybacks and $2.5 million in loss on sales of assets. In comparison, the amount during the three months ended September 30, 2024 primarily consisted of $3.4 million in foreign currency transaction losses, $6.0 million in losses on sales of assets, $15.4 million in other than temporary impairment on securities and $12.3 million of loss recognized for debt buybacks which was offset by $2.9 million of mark-to-market gains on the common share warrants.

​

Income tax

​

Our worldwide tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $117.6 million compared to $10.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in tax expense was primarily attributable to the sale of Quail Tools, as well as the change in amount and geographic mix of our pre-tax earnings (losses).

​

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

​

Operating revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 totaled $2.4 billion, representing an increase of $186.9 million, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. For a more detailed description of operating results, see Segment Results of Operations below.

​

Net income attributable to Nabors totaled $276.3 million ($17.54 per diluted share) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to a net loss attributable to Nabors of $122.4 million ($15.69 per diluted share) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, or a $398.7 million increase in net income. $116.5 million of the increase is due to the gain on bargain purchase related to the Parker acquisition and $415.6 million was due to the disposition of Quail Tools. These gains were partially offset by $26.5 million of asset impairments related to assets held in Russia and $19.9 million of transaction related costs. See Segment Results of Operations and Other Financial Information below for additional discussion.

​

General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 totaled $228.3 million, representing an increase of $40.4 million, or 22%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This is reflective of increases in workforce costs and general operating costs as a result of the Parker acquisition, along with inflationary pressures as market conditions have changed.

​

Depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $490.0 million, representing an increase of $13.0 million, or 3%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase is a result of the additional assets obtained in the Parker acquisition.

​

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Segment Results of Operations

​

The following tables set forth certain information with respect to our reportable segments and rig activity:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Nine Months Ended | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ | ​ | September 30, | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 2025 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | Increase/(Decrease) |
​ | ​ | (In thousands, except percentages and rig activity)
U.S. Drilling |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  |
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 736,020 | ​ | $ | 786,485 | ​ | $ | (50,465) | ​ | (6) | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | ​ | $ | 102,816 | ​ | $ | 137,308 | ​ | $ | (34,492) | ​ | (25) | %
Average rigs working (2) | ​ |  | 69.9 | ​ |  | 75.9 | ​ |  | (6.0) | ​ | (8) | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
International Drilling | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 1,173,923 | ​ | $ | 1,074,686 | ​ | $ | 99,237 | ​ | 9 | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | ​ | $ | 114,485 | ​ | $ | 78,330 | ​ | $ | 36,155 | ​ | 46 | %
Average rigs working (2) | ​ |  | 86.7 | ​ |  | 83.4 | ​ |  | 3.3 | ​ | 4 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Drilling Solutions | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 405,404 | ​ | $ | 238,079 | ​ | $ | 167,325 | ​ | 70 | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | ​ | $ | 133,260 | ​ | $ | 83,443 | ​ | $ | 49,817 |  | 60 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Rig Technologies | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Operating revenues | ​ | $ | 116,289 | ​ | $ | 145,511 | ​ | $ | (29,222) | ​ | (20) | %
Adjusted operating income (loss) (1) | ​ | $ | 6,933 | ​ | $ | 11,830 | ​ | $ | (4,897) |  | (41) | %

​

(1) | Adjusted operating income (loss) is our measure of segment profit and loss. See Note 12—Segment Information to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of the report.

​

(2) | Represents a measure of the average number of rigs operating during a given period. For example, one rig operating 45 days during a quarter represents approximately 0.5 average rigs working for the quarter. On an annual period, one rig operating 182.5 days represents approximately 0.5 average rigs working for the year.

​

U.S. Drilling

​

Operating revenues for our U.S. Drilling segment decreased by $50.5 million or 6% during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the corresponding prior year period. Decreases in the Lower 48 land rig market for both average number of rigs working and dayrates, more than offset the incremental revenue from acquired Parker rig operations in the Alaska and U.S. Offshore markets.

​

International Drilling

​

Operating revenues for our International Drilling segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $99.2 million or 9% compared to the corresponding prior year period. Incremental revenue from acquired Parker rig operations in international markets and the contribution of recently deployed rigs in other international markets comprise the majority of the increase.

​

Drilling Solutions

​

Operating revenues for this segment increased by $167.3 million or 70% during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the corresponding prior year period. The increase in revenue is related to acquired Parker operations. This increase from Parker operations was slightly offset by a decline in results in the U.S. markets, which was driven by the reduction in drilling activity.

​

Rig Technologies

​

Operating revenues for our Rig Technologies segment decreased by $29.2 million or 20% during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the corresponding prior year period due to the overall decline in activity as mentioned previously.

​

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Other Financial Information

​

Interest expense

​

Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $164.7 million, representing an increase of $7.5 million, or 5%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to an increase in our effective interest rate levels and an increase in our average outstanding debt balance throughout the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

​

Gain on disposition of Quail Tools

​

Gain on disposition of Quail Tools for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $415.6 million and zero, respectively. The gain on disposition of Quail Tools was related to the sale of Quail Tools in the third quarter of 2025.

​

Gain on bargain purchase

​

Gain on bargain purchase for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $116.5 million and zero, respectively. The gain on bargain purchase was related to the Parker acquisition in the first quarter of 2025.

​

Other, net

​

Other, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was a loss of $75.3 million compared to $69.8 million loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 representing a $5.5 million increase in loss. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the amount primarily consisted of $26.5 million in asset impairments related to assets held in Russia, $19.9 million of transaction related costs, $22.0 million related to severance and reorganization costs and $5.4 million in foreign currency transaction losses which was offset by $7.4 million of mark-to-market gains on the common share warrants and $13.4 million in gain on sales of assets. In comparison, the amount during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily consisted of $21.3 million in foreign currency transaction losses, $15.5 million in loss on sales of assets, $15.4 million in other than temporary impairment on securities, $5.2 million from increases in litigation reserves, and $14.9 million of loss recognized for debt buybacks which was offset by $12.5 million of mark-to-market gains on the common share warrants.

​

Income tax

​

Our worldwide tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $155.7 million compared to $41.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in tax expense was primarily attributable to the Parker acquisition and sale of Quail Tools, as well as the change in amount and geographic mix of our pre-tax earnings (losses).

​

Liquidity and Capital Resources

​

Financial Condition and Sources of Liquidity

​

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash and investments, availability under the 2024 Credit Agreement and cash generated from operations. As of September 30, 2025, we had cash and short-term investments of $428.1 million and working capital of $744.2 million. As of December 31, 2024, we had cash and short-term investments of $397.3 million and working capital of $427.6 million.

​

On September 30, 2025, we had no borrowings and $75.2 million of letters of credit outstanding under the 2024 Credit Agreement, which has a total borrowing capacity of $350.0 million and a separate letter of credit tranche that permits us to issue letters of credit with total reimbursement obligations not to exceed $125 million. Letters of credit issued do not affect revolving loan capacity and vice versa.

​

The 2024 Credit Agreement requires us to maintain an interest coverage ratio (EBITDA/interest expense of 2.75:1.00) and a minimum guarantor value, requiring the guarantors (other than the Company) and their subsidiaries to own at least 90% of the consolidated property, plant and equipment of the Company. Additionally, the Company is

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subject to certain covenants (which are subject to certain exceptions) and include, among others, (a) a covenant restricting our ability to incur liens (subject to the additional liens basket of up to $150.0 million, among other exceptions), (b) a covenant restricting its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions with respect to its capital stock and to repurchase certain indebtedness, and (c) a covenant restricting the ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to incur debt (subject to the grower debt basket of up to $100.0 million). The facility matures on the earlier of (a) June 17, 2029 and (b) to the extent 10% or more of the respective principal amount of any of the 7.375% Senior Priority Guaranteed Notes due May 2027 or 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Notes due January 2028 or 50% or more of the principal amount of the 1.75% Senior Exchangeable Notes due June 2029 remains outstanding on the date that is 90 days prior to the applicable maturity date for such indebtedness, then such 90th day.

​

As of the date of this report, we were in compliance with all covenants under the 2024 Credit Agreement, including those regarding the required interest coverage ratio and minimum guarantor value, which were 4.05:1.00 and 99.8%, respectively, as of September 30, 2025. If we fail to perform our obligations under the covenants, the revolving credit commitments under the 2024 Credit Agreement could be terminated, and any outstanding borrowings under the facilities could be declared immediately due and payable. If necessary, we have the ability to manage our covenant compliance by taking certain actions including reductions in discretionary capital or other types of controllable expenditures, monetization of assets, amending or renegotiating the revolving credit agreement, accessing capital markets through a variety of alternative methods, or any combination of these alternatives. We expect to remain in compliance with all covenants under the 2024 Credit Agreement during the twelve-month period following the date of this report based on our current operational and financial projections, including after giving effect to the Parker acquisition. However, we can make no assurance of continued compliance if our current projections or material underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect. If we fail to comply with the covenants, the revolving credit commitment could be terminated, and any outstanding borrowings under the facility could be declared immediately due and payable.

​

Our ability to access capital markets or to otherwise obtain sufficient financing may be affected by our senior unsecured debt ratings as provided by the major credit rating agencies in the United States and our historical ability to access these markets as needed. While there can be no assurances that we will be able to access these markets in the future, we believe that we will be able to access capital markets or otherwise obtain financing in order to satisfy any payment obligation that might arise upon maturity, exchange or purchase of our notes and our debt facilities, loss of availability of our revolving credit facilities and our A/R Agreements (see—Accounts Receivable Purchase and Sales Agreements, below), and that any cash payment due, in addition to our other cash obligations, would not ultimately have a material adverse impact on our liquidity or financial position. The major U.S. credit rating agencies have previously downgraded our senior unsecured debt rating to non-investment grade. These and any further ratings downgrades could adversely impact our ability to access debt markets in the future, increase the cost of future debt, and potentially require us to post letters of credit for certain obligations.

​

We had seven letter-of-credit facilities with various banks as of September 30, 2025. Availability under these facilities as of September 30, 2025 was as follows:

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | September 30,
​ | ​ | 2025
​ | ​ | (In thousands)
Credit available | ​ | $ | 283,667
Less: Letters of credit outstanding, inclusive of financial and performance guarantees | ​ |  | 122,415
Remaining availability | ​ | $ | 161,252

​

As of September 30, 2025, approximately 26%, 24% and 14% of our net accounts receivable balance was related to our operations in Mexico, Saudi Arabia and U.S., respectively. Our largest customer in Mexico has a history of making late payments and, in more recent periods, has utilized third-party financial institutions to pay certain of our receivables. The balances due are not in dispute, however, additional or continued delays in customer payments in the future could differ from historical practice and management’s current expectations.

​

Accounts Receivable Purchase and Sales Agreements

​

On September 13, 2019, we entered into an accounts receivables sales agreement (the “A/R Sales Agreement”) and an accounts receivables purchase agreement (the “A/R Purchase Agreement” and, together with the A/R Sales Agreement, the “A/R Agreements”), whereby the originators, all of whom are our subsidiaries, sold or contributed, and will on an ongoing basis continue to sell or contribute, certain of their domestic trade accounts receivables to a wholly-

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owned, bankruptcy-remote special purpose entity (“SPE”). The SPE in turn, sells, transfers, conveys and assigns to third-party financial institutions (“Purchasers”), all the rights, title and interest in and to its pool of eligible receivables.

​

Over the term of the facility, we entered into a number of amendments. Most recently, in August 2025, we entered into the First Amendment to the A/R Sales Agreement and the Fifth Amendment to the A/R Purchase Agreement. The First Amendment to the A/R Sales Agreement amends the agreement to, among other things, add certain subsidiaries of Parker Drilling Company, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, as originators (the “Additional Originators”). The Fifth Amendment to the A/R Purchase Agreement amends the agreement to make changes to reflect the joinder of the Additional Originators.

​

The amount available for purchase under the A/R Agreements fluctuates over time based on the total amount of eligible receivables generated during the normal course of business after excluding excess concentrations and certain other ineligible receivables. The maximum purchase commitment of the Purchasers under the A/R Agreements is $250.0 million and the amount of receivables purchased by the third-party Purchasers as of September 30, 2025 was $137.0 million.

​

The originators, Nabors Delaware, the SPE, and the Company provide representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities under the A/R Agreements and the Indemnification Guarantee. See further details at Note 5—Accounts Receivable Purchase and Sales Agreements.

​

Other Indebtedness

​

See Note 6—Debt, for further details about our financing arrangements, including our debt securities.

​

Future Cash Requirements

​

Our current cash and investments, projected cash flows from operations, proceeds from equity or debt issuances, the A/R Agreements and the facilities under our 2024 Credit Agreement are expected to adequately finance our purchase commitments, capital expenditures, acquisitions, scheduled debt service requirements, and all other expected cash requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we can make no assurances that our current operational and financial projections will prove to be correct. A sustained period of highly depressed oil and natural gas prices could have a significant effect on our customers’ capital expenditure spending and therefore our operations, cash flows and liquidity.

​

Purchase commitments outstanding at September 30, 2025 totaled approximately $464.9 million, primarily for capital expenditures, other operating expenses and purchases of inventory. We can reduce planned expenditures if necessary or increase them if market conditions and new business opportunities warrant it. The level of our outstanding purchase commitments and our expected level of capital expenditures over the next 12 months represent a number of capital programs that are currently underway or planned.

​

See our discussion of guarantees issued by Nabors that could have a potential impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows in future periods included below under “Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements (Including Guarantees).”

​

There have been no material changes to the contractual cash obligations that were included in our 2024 Annual Report.

​

We may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases or exchanges for equity securities, both in open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors and may involve material amounts.

​

Cash Flows

​

Our cash flows depend, to a large degree, on the level of spending by oil and gas companies for exploration, development and production activities. Sustained decreases in the price of oil or natural gas could have a material impact on these activities and could also materially affect our cash flows. Certain sources and uses of cash, such as the level of

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discretionary capital expenditures or acquisitions, purchases and sales of investments, dividends, loans, issuances and repurchases of debt and of our common shares are within our control and are adjusted as necessary based on market conditions. We discuss our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 below.

​

Operating Activities. Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $447.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to net cash provided of $432.5 million during the corresponding 2024 period. Operating cash flows are our primary source of capital and liquidity. Cash from operating results (before working capital changes) was $461.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease of $51.0 million when compared to $512.9 million in the corresponding 2024 period. This was due to the decrease in activity across our business for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Changes in working capital items such as collection of receivables, other deferred revenue arrangements and payments of operating payables are also significant factors affecting operating cash flows and can be highly volatile in periods of increasing or decreasing activity levels. Changes in working capital items used $14.5 million in cash flows during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, a $65.9 million favorable change as compared to the $80.4 million in cash flows used by working capital in the corresponding 2024 period.

​

Investing Activities. Net cash used by investing activities totaled $44.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to net cash used of $353.2 million during the corresponding 2024 period. Our primary use of cash for investing activities is capital expenditures for rig-related enhancements, new construction and equipment, and sustaining capital expenditures. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we used cash for capital expenditures totaling $553.9 million and $359.9 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we received $84.4 million in cash acquired in the Parker acquisition, net of cash paid and $371.3 million from the sale of Quail Tools.

​

Financing Activities. Net cash used by financing activities totaled $539.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we paid off the Parker term loan of $177.8 million and repaid $164.4 million of outstanding long-term debt. Also, we made distributions of $186.7 million from the Trust Account to NETC II stockholders. Cash in the Trust Account can only be used in connection to the SPAC and is not available to use for general operations.

​

Net cash used by financing activities totaled $662.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repaid $1.2 billion of outstanding long-term debt and received proceeds of $550.0 million from the issuance of the 8.875% Senior Guaranteed Notes due August 2031.

​

​

Other Matters

​

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

​

See Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

​

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements (Including Guarantees)

​

We are a party to transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements defined as “off-balance sheet arrangements” that could have a material future effect on our financial position, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources. The most significant of these off-balance sheet arrangements include the A/R Agreements (see —Accounts Receivable Purchase and Sales Agreements, above) and certain agreements and obligations under which we provide financial or performance assurance to third parties. Certain of these financial or performance assurances serve as guarantees, including standby letters of credit issued on behalf of insurance carriers in conjunction with our workers’ compensation insurance program and other financial surety instruments such as bonds. In addition, we have provided indemnifications, which serve as guarantees, to some third parties. These guarantees include indemnification provided by us to our share transfer agent and our insurance carriers. We are not able to estimate the potential future maximum payments that might be due under our indemnification guarantees. Management believes the likelihood that we would be required to perform or otherwise incur any material losses associated with any of these guarantees is remote.

​

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The following table summarizes the total maximum amount of financial guarantees issued by Nabors:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Maximum Amount |
​ |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |
​ | ​ | (In thousands) |
Financial standby letters of credit and other financial surety instruments | ​ | $ | 8,094 |  | 28,967 |  | 20 |  | 14,525 | ​ | $ | 51,606 | ​

​

​

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

​

We may be exposed to market risks arising from the use of financial instruments in the ordinary course of business as discussed in our 2024 Annual Report. There were no material changes in our exposure to market risk during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from those disclosed in our 2024 Annual Report.

​

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

​

We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

​

The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

​

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

​

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

​

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

​

See Note 9 — Commitments and Contingencies — Litigation for information regarding our legal proceedings.

​

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

​

In addition to the information set forth elsewhere in this report, the risk factors set forth in Part 1, Item 1A, of our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K should be carefully considered when evaluating us. These risks are not the only risks we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business. There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in Part 1, Item 1A, or our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K other than those listed in this section.

​

Voting power in some of our common shares held or controlled by our Board of Directors (“Board”) could limit a shareholder’s ability to influence our actions.

​

In connection with the Parker acquisition, we entered into voting and lock-up agreements (the “Voting & Lock-Up Agreements”) with certain shareholders of Parker (the “Supporting Shareholders”) that became shareholders of ours upon consummation of the acquisition. Among other things, the Voting & Lock-Up Agreements require the Supporting Shareholders to vote shares received as consideration in the acquisition and any other shares they may own in favor of any candidate nominated as a director to our Board by the Board itself or the appropriate committee, vote in favor of any other proposals to the shareholders that the Board recommends shareholders at-large vote in favor of or the Board has already approved and vote against any Board candidate not recommended or approved by the Board. The Voting & Lock-Up Agreements also contain standstill provisions.

​

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Significant changes or developments in U.S. or other national trade policies, including tariffs, and the reactions of other countries thereto, may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

​

We operate in various countries across the world and source a wide range of raw materials and components from the international market. Significant changes or developments in U.S. or other national laws and policies, such as laws and policies surrounding international trade, foreign affairs, manufacturing and development and investment in the territories and countries where we or our customers operate, can materially adversely affect our business and results of operations. Policies affecting international trade, foreign investment, and energy production—such as tariffs, export controls, import restrictions and similar protectionist measures—can impact supply chain costs, the availability of key components, and overall industry profitability.

​

For instance, the United States has recently proposed and instituted numerous trade policies—including the termination of trade agreements, imposition of ad valorum tariffs on certain imports into the United States, and other regulations affecting trade between the United States and countries in which we conduct business and source components. In response to the measures taken by the United States, a number of other nations have proposed and implemented retaliatory tariffs and trade restrictions. While the impact of such measures, both pending and threatened, is unknown at this time, these measures could increase the cost of components and raw materials in our supply chain and, consequently, our costs. We may not be able to pass along these increased costs to our customers.

​

As a result of these developments, and any similar measures threatened or implemented in the future, there may be economic disincentives on international trade that could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

​

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

​

We withheld the following shares of our common shares to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with grants of share awards during the three months ended September 30, 2025 from the distributions described below. These shares may be deemed to be “issuer purchases” of shares that are required to be disclosed pursuant to this Item, but were not purchased as part of a publicly announced program to purchase common shares:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  |  | Approximated |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Total Number | ​ | Dollar Value of |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | of Shares | ​ | Shares that May |
​ | ​ | Total | ​ | Average | ​ | Purchased as | ​ | Yet Be |
​ | ​ | Number of | ​ | Price | ​ | Part of Publicly | ​ | Purchased |
Period | ​ | Shares | ​ | Paid per | ​ | Announced | ​ | Under the |
(In thousands, except per share amounts) |  | Repurchased |  | Share (1) |  | Program |  | Program (2) |
July 1 - July 31 | ​ | — | ​ | $ | 31.76 | ​ | — | ​ | 278,914 | ​
August 1 - August 31 | ​ | 1 | ​ | $ | 35.48 | ​ | — | ​ | 278,914 | ​
September 1 - September 30 | ​ | 26 | ​ | $ | 40.87 | ​ | — | ​ | 278,914 | ​

​

(1) | Shares were withheld from employees and directors to satisfy certain tax withholding obligations due in connection with grants of shares under our 2016 Stock Plan. Each of the 2016 Stock Plan and the 1999 Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors provide for the withholding of shares to satisfy tax obligations, but do not specify a maximum number of shares that can be withheld for this purpose. These shares were not purchased as part of a publicly announced program to purchase common shares.

​

(2) | In August 2015, our Board authorized a share repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to $400.0 million of our common shares in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The program was reaffirmed by the Board in February 2019 and in May 2025. Through September 30, 2025, we repurchased 0.3 million of our common shares for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $121.1 million under this program. As of September 30, 2025, we had $278.9 million that remained authorized under the program that may be used to repurchase shares. The repurchased shares, which are held by our subsidiaries, are registered and tradable subject to applicable securities law limitations and have the same rights as other outstanding shares. As of September 30, 2025, our subsidiaries held 1.2 million of our common shares.

​

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ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

​

None.

​

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

​

Not applicable.

​

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

​

| (a) | None.

​

| (b) | None.

​

(c) During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

​

​

​

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

| ​ |
​ | ​ | ​
Exhibit No. |  | Description
10.1† | ​ | Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 20, 2025, by and among PD Dutch, LLC, PD ITS, LLC, Quail Tools LLC, Covey Holdings, LLC and Nabors Industries Ltd. (solely for the purposes of Section 6.7(e), Section 6.9 and Section 6.14) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on August 22, 2025).
10.2† | ​ | Seller Note and Security Agreement, dated as of August 20, 2025, by and among Covey Holdings, LLC, Quail Tools, LLC, Superior Energy Services, Inc. and PD ITS, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on August 22, 2025).
10.3† | ​ | Guaranty Agreement, dated as of August 20, 2025, by Superior Energy Services, Inc. and Quail Tools, LLC in favor of PD ITS, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on August 22, 2025).
10.4† | ​ | Fifth Amendment to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 29, 2025, by and among Nabors A.R.F., LLC, Nabors Industries, Inc., Arab Banking Corporation B.S.C. New York Branch, Nomura Corporate Funding Americas, LLC, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on September 2, 2025).
10.5† | ​ | First Amendment and Joinder to the Receivables Sale Agreement, dated as of August 29, 2025, by and among Nabors A.R.F., LLC, Nabors Industries, Inc., Arab Banking Corporation B.S.C. New York Branch, Nomura Corporate Funding Americas, LLC, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A, the existing originators party thereto, and the additional originators party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on September 2, 2025).
10.6 | ​ | A&R Indemnification Agreement, dated as of August 29, 2025, between Nabors Industries Ltd. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on September 2, 2025).
10.7 | ​ | Amendment No. 1 to Amended & Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of September 4, 2025, among Nabors Industries, Inc., as Borrower, Nabors Industries Ltd., as Holdings, the other Guarantors from time to time party thereto, the Issuing Banks and other Lenders party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on September 4, 2025).
10.8(+) | ​ | Separation Agreement and Release of Claims, dated as of September 30, 2025, among Nabors Industries Ltd., Nabors Industries, Inc., and William Restrepo.*
31.1 | ​ | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Anthony G. Petrello, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer*
31.2 | ​ | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Miguel Rodriguez, Chief Financial Officer*
32.1 | ​ | Certifications required by Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350), executed by Anthony G. Petrello, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Miguel Rodriguez, Chief Financial Officer.*
101.INS | ​ | Inline XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH | ​ | Inline XBRL Schema Document*
101.CAL | ​ | Inline XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.LAB | ​ | Inline XBRL Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE | ​ | Inline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF | ​ | Inline XBRL Definition Linkbase Document*
104 | ​ | Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document)

*Filed herewith.

† | Certain schedules and exhibits have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule and/or exhibit will be furnished supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

(+)Management contract or compensation plan or arrangement.

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

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Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

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​ |  |
​ | NABORS INDUSTRIES LTD.
​ | ​
​ | By: | /s/ ANTHONY G. PETRELLO
​ | ​ | Anthony G. Petrello
​ | ​ | Chairman, President and
​ | ​ | Chief Executive Officer
​ | ​ | (Principal Executive Officer)
​ | ​ | ​
​ | By: | /s/ MIGUEL RODRIGUEZ
​ | ​ | Miguel Rodriguez
​ | ​ | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Accounting Officer)
​ | ​ | ​
​ | Date: | October 31, 2025

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