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Long-Term Debt | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Long-Term Debt [Abstract] |
Long-Term Debt | 10. Long-Term Debt Credit Agreement On October 9, 2014, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with various financial institutions, and Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent. The Credit Agreement provides for a $127.5 million term loan facility, a 6.6 billion Japanese yen term loan facility and a $187.5 million revolving credit facility, each with a term of five years. On October 10, 2014, the Company drew the full amount of the term loan facilities, and as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, the Company had an outstanding balance of $47.5 million on the revolving credit facility. Any additional amounts drawn under the revolving credit facility will bear interest at rates that will be determined in accordance with the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement requires that the Company maintains a consolidated leverage ratio not exceeding 2.25 to 1.00 and a consolidated interest coverage ratio of no less than 3.00 to 1.00. The Company believes these covenants provide it with greater flexibility to pay dividends and repurchase stock. The Company is in compliance with its debt covenants. Convertible Note On June 16, 2016, the Company issued $210.0 million of convertible senior notes (the "Convertible Notes") in a private offering to a Chinese investor (the "Holder"). The Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations which will rank equal in right of payment to all senior unsecured indebtedness of the Company, and will rank senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the Convertible Notes. Interest on the Convertible Notes is payable semiannually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2016 at a rate of 4.75% per annum. The Convertible Notes mature on June 15, 2020, unless repurchased or converted prior to maturity. Prior to the stated maturity date, the Company may, at its option, redeem all or part of the Convertible Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, provided that its common stock share price is equal to or exceeds 180% of the applicable conversion price for 20 or more trading days (including the final three trading days) in the 30 consecutive trading days prior to the Company's exercise of such redemption right. The Holder of the Convertible Notes may, at its option, cause the Company to repurchase all of such Holder's Convertible Notes or any portion thereof that is equal to $1,000 in principal amount or multiples of $1,000 upon a change in control or a termination of trading of the Company's common stock, as those terms are defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Notes. In addition, each holder of the Convertible Notes shall have the right, at such holder's option, to convert all or any portion thereof that is equal to $1,000 in principal amount or multiples of $1,000 at any time beginning six calendar months following June 16, 2016, at the then-applicable conversion rate. Upon conversion by the Holder, the Convertible Notes will be settled in cash with respect to principal and any accrued and unpaid interest to such date and in the Company's common shares with respect to any additional amounts, based on the applicable conversion rate at such time. The Convertible Notes had an initial conversion rate of 21.5054 common shares per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes (which is equal to an initial conversion price of approximately $46.50 per common share). Throughout the term of the Convertible Notes, the conversion rate may be adjusted upon the occurrence of certain specified events. Of the $210.0 million in proceeds received from the issuance of the Convertible Notes, $199.1 million was allocated to long-term debt (the "Liability Component") and $10.9 million was allocated to additional paid-in-capital (the "Equity Component") within the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The Liability Component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar debt instrument that does not have an associated conversion feature. The amount allocated to the Equity Component, which represents the conversion option, was calculated by deducting the fair value of the Liability Component from the par value of the Convertible Notes. The Company determined that the conversion option does not require separate accounting treatment as a derivative instrument because it is both indexed to the Company's own stock and would be classified in stockholders' equity if freestanding. The Equity Component will not be remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The excess of the principal amount of the Liability Component over its carrying amount (the "Debt Discount") will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the Convertible Notes. As a result, the Liability Component will be accreted up to the Convertible Notes' $210.0 million face value, resulting in additional non-cash interest expense being recognized within the Company's consolidated statement of income. The effective interest rate on the Convertible Notes is approximately 7.1% per annum. The net carrying amount of the Liability Component is as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands):
|  | December 31, 2017 |
Principal |  | $ | 210,000 |
Unamortized debt discount (conversion option) |  |  | (7,078 | )
Total long-term debt, net |  |  | 202,922 |
Unamortized debt discount (issuance costs) |  |  | (4,050 | )
Net carrying amount |  | $ | 198,872 |
The net carrying amount of the Liability Component was recorded to long-term debt within the Company's consolidated balance sheet. The Company incurred approximately $6.6 million of issuance costs related to the issuance of the Convertible Notes. Of the $6.6 million in issuance costs incurred, $6.3 million and $0.3 million were recorded to deferred financing cost and additional paid-in capital, respectively, in proportion to the allocation of the proceeds of the Convertible Notes. The $6.3 million recorded to deferred financing cost on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as a reduction of long-term debt is being amortized over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes using the effective interest method. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recognized $14.0 million in interest expense related to the Convertible Notes, which included $10.0 million of contractual interest and $4.0 million in amortization of debt issuance costs and in amortization of the Debt Discount. The following table summarizes the Company's debt facilities as of December 31, 2016 and 2017:
Facility or Arrangement |  | Original Principal Amount |  | Balance as of December 31, 2016 |  | Balance as of December 31, 2017(1)(2) |  | Interest Rate |  | Repayment terms
Credit Agreement term loan facility: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. dollar denominated: |  | $127.5 million |  | $108.4 million |  | $94.8 million |  | Variable 30 day: 4.319% |  | One half of the principal amount payable in increasing quarterly installments over a five-year period beginning on December 31, 2014, with the remainder payable at the end of the five-year term.
Japanese yen denominated: |  | 6.6 billion yen |  | 5.6 billion yen ($47.9 million as of December 31, 2016) |  | 4.9 billion yen ($43.5 million as of December 31, 2017) |  | Variable 30 day: 2.75% |  | One half of the principal amount payable in increasing quarterly installments over a five-year period beginning on December 31, 2014, with the remainder payable at the end of the five-year term.
Credit Agreement revolving credit facility: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | $47.5 million |  | $47.5 million |  | Variable 30 day: 4.319% |  | Revolving line of credit expires October 2019.
South Korea subsidiary loan: |  | $20.0 million |  | $10.0 million |  | ─ |  | 1.12% |  | Loan was paid off in March 2017.
Japan subsidiary loan: |  | 2.0 billion yen |  | 1.3 billion yen ($11.4 million as of December 31, 2016) |  | 0.7 billion yen ($5.9 million as of December 31, 2017) |  | 0.66% |  | Payable in semi-annual installments over three years that began on January 31, 2016.
Convertible note |  | $210.0 million |  | $210.0 million |  | $210.0 million |  | 4.75% |  | Principal amount payable on June 15, 2020.
(1) | As of December 31, 2017, the current portion of the Company's debt (i.e. becoming due in the next 12 months) included $16.7 million of the balance of its U.S. dollar denominated debt under the Credit Agreement facility, $7.7 million of the balance of its Japanese yen-denominated debt under the Credit Agreement facility and $5.9 million of the Japan subsidiary loan. The Company has classified the $47.5 million borrowed under the revolving line of credit as short term because it is the Company's intention to use the line of credit to borrow and pay back funds over short periods of time.
(2) | The carrying value of the debt reflects the amounts stated in the above table less a debt discount of $9.1 million and debt issuance costs of $4.0 million (consisting of $11.1 million related to the Convertible Note and $2.0 million related to the credit agreement), which is not reflected in this table.
Interest expense relating to debt totaled $7.9 million, $15.6 million and $22.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Maturities of all long-term debt at December 31, 2017, based on the year-end exchange rate, are as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands):
Year Ending December 31, |  |  |
2018 |  | $ | 77,840 |
2019 |  |  | 113,928 |
2020 |  |  | 210,000 |
2021 |  | ─ |
2022 |  | ─ |
Thereafter |  | ─ |
Total(1) |  | $ | 401,768 |
(1) | The carrying value of the debt reflects the amounts stated in the above table less a debt discount of $13.1 million, which is not reflected in this table.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for long-term debt. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564 + Details
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