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INCOME TAXES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
INCOME TAXES [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
9. INCOME TAXES

Provision for income taxes for the first quarter of 2018 was $24.7 million, compared to $14.2 million for the prior-year period. The effective tax rate was 41.0% of pre-tax income during the first quarter of 2018 compared to 34.1% in the prior-year period. The increase in the effective tax rate reflects a $5.8 million change from increasing our income tax reserves following an assessment we received from the Indonesia tax authorities during the first quarter of 2018. This increase was partially offset by a $2.0 million benefit from a deduction in Japan related to Japan customs assessments that were affirmed by the Tokyo District Court in 2011; in the first quarter of 2018, the Japan and U.S. tax authorities reached resolution as to the amount that would be deductible in each jurisdiction.

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the Income Taxes Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Codification.  These standards establish financial accounting and reporting standards for the effects of income taxes that result from an enterprise's activities during the current and preceding years.  The Company takes an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes.  The Company pays income taxes in many foreign jurisdictions based on the profits realized in those jurisdictions, which can be significantly impacted by terms of intercompany transactions between the Company and its foreign affiliates.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are created in this process. The Company has netted these deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities by jurisdiction. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be ultimately realized.  As of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, the Company had net deferred tax liabilities of $5.4 million and $2.9 million, respectively.

In accordance with ASU 2018-05 and SAB 118, the Company recognized the provisional tax impacts related to the re-measurement of our deferred income tax assets and liabilities and the one-time, mandatory transition tax on deemed repatriation during the year ended December 31, 2017. As of March 31, 2018, we have not made any additional measurement-period adjustments related to these items. Such adjustments may be necessary in future periods due to, among other things, the significant complexity of the Act and anticipated additional regulatory guidance that may be issued by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"), changes in analysis, interpretations and assumptions the Company has made and actions the Company may take as a result of the Act. We are continuing to gather information to assess the application of the Act and expect to complete our analysis with the filing of our 2017 income tax returns during the third quarter of 2018.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to tax examinations from the IRS for all years for which tax returns have been filed before 2011. With a few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state and local income tax examination by tax authorities for the years before 2011. In 2009, the Company entered into a voluntary program with the IRS called Compliance Assurance Process ("CAP"). The objective of CAP is to contemporaneously work with the IRS to achieve federal tax compliance and resolve all or most of the issues prior to filing of the tax return. The Company has elected to participate in the CAP program for 2018 and may elect to continue participating in CAP for future tax years; the Company may withdraw from the program at any time. In major foreign jurisdictions, the Company is generally no longer subject to income tax examinations for years before 2011. However, statutes in certain countries may be as long as ten years for transfer pricing related issues. Along with the IRS examination of 2011, the Company is currently under examination in certain foreign jurisdictions; however, the outcomes of those reviews are not yet determinable.