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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q

☑ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2021

OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _____________ TO _____________

Commission File Number: 001-12421

| NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC. |
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |

Delaware |  | 87-0565309
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (IRS Employer Identification No.)

| 75 West Center Street Provo, Utah 84601 |
| (Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) |

| (801) 345-1000 |
| (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) |

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, $.001 par value |  | NUS |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☑ | Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐ | Smaller reporting company ☐
| Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
As of August 1, 2021, 50,134,741 shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock, $.001 par value per share, were outstanding.

NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q – SECOND QUARTER 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
Part I. | Financial Information |
| Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited): |
|  | Consolidated Balance Sheets | 3
|  | Consolidated Statements of Income | 4
|  | Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | 5
|  | Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity | 6
|  | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 8
|  | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 9
| Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 20
| Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 28
| Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 28
Part II. | Other Information |
| Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 29
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 29
| Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 31
| Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 31
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 31
| Item 5. | Other Information | 31
| Item 6. | Exhibits | 32
| Signature | 33

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, references to “dollars” and “$” are to United States (“U.S.”) dollars.
Nu Skin, Pharmanex, and ageLOC are our trademarks. The italicized product names used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are product names and also, in certain cases, our trademarks.
2

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)

|  | June 30, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 354,759 |  |  | $ | 402,683 |
Current investments |  |  | 24,499 |  |  |  | 21,216 |
Accounts receivable, net |  |  | 64,701 |  |  |  | 63,370 |
Inventories, net |  |  | 390,977 |  |  |  | 314,366 |
Prepaid expenses and other |  |  | 126,586 |  |  |  | 101,563 |
Total current assets |  |  | 961,522 |  |  |  | 903,198 |
Property and equipment, net |  |  | 474,167 |  |  |  | 468,181 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  |  | 136,738 |  |  |  | 155,104 |
Goodwill |  |  | 215,582 |  |  |  | 202,979 |
Other intangible assets, net |  |  | 98,955 |  |  |  | 89,532 |
Other assets |  |  | 163,016 |  |  |  | 138,082 |
Total assets |  | $ | 2,049,980 |  |  | $ | 1,957,076 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 60,632 |  |  | $ | 66,174 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 403,165 |  |  |  | 446,682 |
Current portion of long-term debt |  |  | 152,500 |  |  |  | 30,000 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 616,297 |  |  |  | 542,856 |
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | 100,826 |  |  |  | 112,275 |
Long-term debt |  |  | 288,343 |  |  |  | 305,393 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 126,688 |  |  |  | 102,281 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 1,132,154 |  |  |  | 1,062,805 |
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 5 and 11) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Class A common stock – 500 million shares authorized, $0.001 par value, 90.6 million shares issued |  |  | 91 |  |  |  | 91 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 586,976 |  |  |  | 579,801 |
Treasury stock, at cost – 40.4 million and 39.7 million shares |  |  | (1,509,867 | ) |  |  | (1,461,593 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (68,553 | ) |  |  | (64,768 | )
Retained earnings |  |  | 1,909,179 |  |  |  | 1,840,740 |
Total stockholders’ equity |  |  | 917,826 |  |  |  | 894,271 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 2,049,980 |  |  | $ | 1,957,076 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Revenue |  | $ | 704,055 |  |  | $ | 612,366 |  |  | $ | 1,381,081 |  |  | $ | 1,130,394 |
Cost of sales |  |  | 171,975 |  |  |  | 154,110 |  |  |  | 342,541 |  |  |  | 279,903 |
Gross profit |  |  | 532,080 |  |  |  | 458,256 |  |  |  | 1,038,540 |  |  |  | 850,491 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling expenses |  |  | 277,893 |  |  |  | 248,628 |  |  |  | 551,639 |  |  |  | 454,670 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 168,811 |  |  |  | 151,554 |  |  |  | 338,612 |  |  |  | 301,182 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 446,704 |  |  |  | 400,182 |  |  |  | 890,251 |  |  |  | 755,852 |
Operating income |  |  | 85,376 |  |  |  | 58,074 |  |  |  | 148,289 |  |  |  | 94,639 |
Other income (expense), net |  |  | (4,012 | ) |  |  | 1,581 |  |  |  | (2,430 | ) |  |  | (4,593 | )
Income before provision for income taxes |  |  | 81,364 |  |  |  | 59,655 |  |  |  | 145,859 |  |  |  | 90,046 |
Provision for income taxes |  |  | 22,026 |  |  |  | 17,804 |  |  |  | 39,091 |  |  |  | 28,465 |
Net income |  | $ | 59,338 |  |  | $ | 41,851 |  |  | $ | 106,768 |  |  | $ | 61,581 |
Net income per share (Note 6): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 1.18 |  |  | $ | 0.81 |  |  | $ | 2.12 |  |  | $ | 1.15 |
Diluted |  | $ | 1.15 |  |  | $ | 0.81 |  |  | $ | 2.06 |  |  | $ | 1.15 |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (000s): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 50,115 |  |  |  | 51,872 |  |  |  | 50,409 |  |  |  | 53,466 |
Diluted |  |  | 51,557 |  |  |  | 51,925 |  |  |  | 51,850 |  |  |  | 53,502 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Net income |  | $ | 59,338 |  |  | $ | 41,851 |  |  | $ | 106,768 |  |  | $ | 61,581 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes of $3 and $8 for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $1 and $6 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively |  |  | 3,653 |  |  |  | 6,848 |  |  |  | (6,266 | ) |  |  | (8,149 | )
Net unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax benefit of $168 and zero for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $(671) and zero for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively |  |  | (610 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,430 |  |  |  | — |
Reclassification adjustment for realized losses/(gains) in current earnings on cash flow hedges, net of taxes of $(8) and zero for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively and $(14) and zero for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | — |
|  |  | 3,073 |  |  |  | 6,848 |  |  |  | (3,785 | ) |  |  | (8,149 | )
Comprehensive income |  | $ | 62,411 |  |  | $ | 48,699 |  |  | $ | 102,983 |  |  | $ | 53,432 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)

|  | For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Class A Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Total |
Balance at April 1, 2021 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 579,204 |  |  | $ | (1,505,076 | ) |  | $ | (71,626 | ) |  | $ | 1,868,881 |  |  | $ | 871,474 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 59,338 |  |  |  | 59,338 |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,073 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,073 |
Repurchase of Class A common stock (Note 6) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10,004 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10,004 | )
Exercise of employee stock options (0.2 million shares)/vesting of stock awards |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,192 |  |  |  | 5,213 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,405 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,580 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,580 |
Cash dividends |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (19,040 | ) |  |  | (19,040 | )
Balance at June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 586,976 |  |  | $ | (1,509,867 | ) |  | $ | (68,553 | ) |  | $ | 1,909,179 |  |  | $ | 917,826 |

|  | For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 |
|  | Class A Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Total |
Balance at April 1, 2020 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 557,916 |  |  | $ | (1,384,036 | ) |  | $ | (100,289 | ) |  | $ | 1,726,816 |  |  | $ | 800,498 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41,851 |  |  |  | 41,851 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,848 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,848 |
Repurchase of Class A common stock (Note 6) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (46,481 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (46,481 | )
Exercise of employee stock options (0.2 million shares)/vesting of stock awards |  |  | — |  |  |  | 330 |  |  |  | 3,453 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,783 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,869 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,869 |
Cash dividends |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (19,356 | ) |  |  | (19,356 | )
Balance at June 30, 2020 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 563,115 |  |  | $ | (1,427,064 | ) |  | $ | (93,441 | ) |  | $ | 1,749,311 |  |  | $ | 792,012 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)

|  | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
|  | Class A Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Total |
Balance at January 1, 2021 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 579,801 |  |  | $ | (1,461,593 | ) |  | $ | (64,768 | ) |  | $ | 1,840,740 |  |  | $ | 894,271 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 106,768 |  |  |  | 106,768 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,785 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,785 | )
Repurchase of Class A common stock (Note 6) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (60,410 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (60,410 | )
Exercise of employee stock options (0.5 million shares)/vesting of stock awards |  |  | — |  |  |  | (6,208 | ) |  |  | 12,136 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,928 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13,383 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13,383 |
Cash dividends |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (38,329 | ) |  |  | (38,329 | )
Balance at June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 586,976 |  |  | $ | (1,509,867 | ) |  | $ | (68,553 | ) |  | $ | 1,909,179 |  |  | $ | 917,826 |

|  | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 |
|  | Class A Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  |  | Retained Earnings |  |  | Total |
Balance at January 1, 2020 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 557,544 |  |  | $ | (1,324,826 | ) |  | $ | (85,292 | ) |  | $ | 1,727,772 |  |  | $ | 875,289 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 61,581 |  |  |  | 61,581 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (8,149 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (8,149 | )
Repurchase of Class A common stock (Note 6) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (107,367 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (107,367 | )
Exercise of employee stock options (0.3 million shares)/vesting of stock awards |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2,753 | ) |  |  | 5,129 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,376 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,324 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,324 |
Cash dividends |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (40,042 | ) |  |  | (40,042 | )
Balance at June 30, 2020 |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 563,115 |  |  | $ | (1,427,064 | ) |  | $ | (93,441 | ) |  | $ | 1,749,311 |  |  | $ | 792,012 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(U.S. dollars in thousands)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 106,768 |  |  | $ | 61,581 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 37,925 |  |  |  | 37,359 |
Non-cash lease expense |  |  | 26,879 |  |  |  | 22,238 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 13,383 |  |  |  | 8,324 |
Foreign currency losses |  |  | 2,415 |  |  |  | 1,347 |
Loss on disposal of assets |  |  | 2,189 |  |  |  | 2,580 |
Deferred taxes |  |  | 3,007 |  |  |  | 506 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net |  |  | (2,789 | ) |  |  | (13,343 | )
Inventories, net |  |  | (80,224 | ) |  |  | 9,951 |
Prepaid expenses and other |  |  | (33,061 | ) |  |  | (5,025 | )
Other assets |  |  | (19,897 | ) |  |  | (41,168 | )
Accounts payable |  |  | (4,930 | ) |  |  | 13,063 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | (55,429 | ) |  |  | 62,932 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 5,623 |  |  |  | 5,736 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 1,859 |  |  |  | 166,081 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property and equipment |  |  | (36,849 | ) |  |  | (28,692 | )
Proceeds on investment sales |  |  | 7,550 |  |  |  | 4,234 |
Purchases of investments |  |  | (6,973 | ) |  |  | (4,031 | )
Acquisitions (net of cash acquired) |  |  | (18,963 | ) |  |  | — |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (55,235 | ) |  |  | (28,489 | )
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercise of employee stock options and taxes paid related to the net shares settlement of stock awards |  |  | 5,928 |  |  |  | 2,376 |
Payment of cash dividends |  |  | (38,329 | ) |  |  | (40,042 | )
Repurchases of shares of common stock |  |  | (60,410 | ) |  |  | (107,367 | )
Finance lease principal payments |  |  | (956 | ) |  |  | — |
Payments of debt |  |  | (25,000 | ) |  |  | (62,500 | )
Proceeds from debt |  |  | 130,000 |  |  |  | 115,000 |
Net cash provided by /(used in) financing activities |  |  | 11,233 |  |  |  | (92,533 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |  |  | (5,781 | ) |  |  | (5,177 | )
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (47,924 | ) |  |  | 39,882 |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |  |  | 402,683 |  |  |  | 335,630 |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |  | $ | 354,759 |  |  | $ | 375,512 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. | The Company

Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc. (the “Company”) is a holding company, with Nu Skin being the primary operating unit. Nu Skin develops and distributes premium-quality, innovative beauty and wellness products that are sold worldwide under the Nu Skin, Pharmanex and ageLOC brands and a small number of other products and services. The Company reports revenue from ten segments, consisting of its seven geographic Nu Skin segments—Mainland China; Americas/Pacific, which includes Australia, Canada, Latin America, New Zealand and the United States; South Korea; Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”), which includes markets in Europe as well as Israel, Russia and South Africa; Japan; Southeast Asia, which includes Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam; and Hong Kong/Taiwan, which also includes Macau—and three Rhyz Investments segments—Manufacturing, which includes manufacturing and packaging subsidiaries it has acquired; Grow Tech, which focuses on developing controlled-environment agriculture technologies and Rhyz other, which includes other investments by its Rhyz strategic investment arm (the Company’s subsidiaries operating within each segment are collectively referred to as the “Subsidiaries”).

2. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its Subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial information as of June 30, 2021, and for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. The results of operations of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the fiscal year. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 has been prepared using information from the audited financial statements at that date. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, the FASB issued, ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. The guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying US GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. ASU 2020-04 applies only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022. The amendments in ASU 2020-04 are elective and are effective upon issuance for all entities. The Company elected to apply the hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives. Application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the guidance and may apply other elections as applicable as additional changes in the market occur.
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Inventory
Inventories consist of the following (U.S. dollars in thousands):

|  | June 30, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 172,411 |  |  | $ | 118,877 |
Finished goods |  |  | 218,566 |  |  |  | 195,489 |
Total Inventory, net |  | $ | 390,977 |  |  | $ | 314,366 |

Revenue Recognition
Contract Liabilities – Customer Loyalty Programs
Contract liabilities, recorded as deferred revenue within the accrued expenses line in the consolidated balance sheets, include loyalty point program deferrals with certain customers which are accounted for as a reduction in the transaction price and are generally recognized as points are redeemed for additional products.
The balance of deferred revenue related to contract liabilities as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $23.8 million and $18.2 million, respectively. The contract liabilities impact to revenue for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2021, and 2020 was a decrease of $4.0 million and a decrease of $4.1 million, respectively. The impact to revenue for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021, and 2020 was a decrease of $5.6 million and a decrease of $3.5 million, respectively.

3. | Goodwill

The Company’s reporting units for goodwill are its operating segments, which are also its reportable segments.
The following table presents goodwill allocated to the Company’s reportable segments for the periods ended June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (U.S. dollars in thousands):

|  | June 30, 2021 |  |  | December 31, 2020 |
Nu Skin |  |  |  |  |  |
Mainland China |  | $ | 32,179 |  |  | $ | 32,179 |
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 9,449 |  |  |  | 9,449 |
South Korea |  |  | 29,261 |  |  |  | 29,261 |
EMEA |  |  | 2,875 |  |  |  | 2,875 |
Southeast Asia |  |  | 18,537 |  |  |  | 18,537 |
Japan |  |  | 16,019 |  |  |  | 16,019 |
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 6,634 |  |  |  | 6,634 |
Rhyz Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing |  |  | 78,875 |  |  |  | 78,875 |
Grow Tech |  |  | 9,150 |  |  |  | 9,150 |
Rhyz Other |  |  | 12,603 |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 215,582 |  |  | $ | 202,979 |

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4. | Debt

Credit Agreement
On April 18, 2018, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with several financial institutions as lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent. The Credit Agreement provides for a $400 million term loan facility and a $350 million revolving credit facility, each with a term of five years. Both facilities bear interest at LIBOR, plus a margin based on the consolidated leverage ratio. The term loan facility amortizes in quarterly installments in amounts resulting in an annual amortization of 5.0% during the first and second years, 7.5% during the third and fourth years and 10.0% during the fifth year after the closing date of the Credit Agreement, with the remainder payable at final maturity. The Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain a consolidated leverage ratio not exceeding 2.25 to 1.00 and a consolidated interest coverage ratio of no less than 3.00 to 1.00. As of June 30, 2021, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement.
The following table summarizes the Company’s debt facilities as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

Facility or Arrangement |  | Original Principal Amount |  | Balance as of June 30, 2021 (1)(2) |  | Balance as of December 31, 2020 (1)(2) |  | Interest Rate |  | Repayment Terms
Credit Agreement term loan facility |  | $ | 400.0 million |  | $ | 322.5 million |  | $ | 337.5 million |  | Variable 30 day: 1.85% |  | 35% of the principal amount is payable in increasing quarterly installments over a five-year period that began on June 30, 2018, with the remainder payable at the end of the five-year term.
Credit Agreement revolving credit facility |  |  |  |  | $ | 120.0 million |  |  | — |  | Variable 30 day: 1.84% |  | Revolving line of credit expires April 18, 2023.

(1) | As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the current portion of the Company’s debt (i.e. becoming due in the next 12 months) included $32.5 million and $30.0 million, respectively, of the balance of its term loan under the Credit Agreement.

(2) | The carrying value of the debt reflects the amounts stated in the above table, less debt issuance costs of $1.7 million and $2.1 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, related to the Credit Agreement, which are not reflected in this table.

5. | Leases

As of June 30, 2021, the weighted average remaining lease term was 6.6 and 4.2 years for operating and finance leases, respectively. As of June 30, 2021, the weighted average discount rate was 4.0% and 3.8% for operating and finance leases, respectively.
The components of lease expense were as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Operating lease expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease cost |  | $ | 12,400 |  |  | $ | 12,869 |  |  | $ | 25,215 |  |  | $ | 26,005 |
Variable lease cost |  |  | 1,656 |  |  |  | 410 |  |  |  | 3,024 |  |  |  | 1,384 |
Short-term lease cost |  |  | 238 |  |  |  | 95 |  |  |  | 577 |  |  |  | 140 |
Sublease income |  |  | (1,828 | ) |  |  | (1,058 | ) |  |  | (3,812 | ) |  |  | (2,189 | )
Finance lease expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of right-of-use assets |  |  | 606 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,217 |  |  |  | — |
Interest on lease liabilities |  |  | 83 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | — |
Total lease expense |  | $ | 13,155 |  |  | $ | 12,316 |  |  | $ | 26,392 |  |  | $ | 25,340 |

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Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands):

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Operating cash outflow from operating leases |  | $ | 27,470 |  |  | $ | 25,955 |
Operating cash outflow from finance leases |  | $ | 173 |  |  | $ | — |
Financing cash outflow from finance leases |  | $ | 956 |  |  | $ | — |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations |  | $ | 13,729 |  |  | $ | 31,178 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for finance lease obligations |  | $ | 59 |  |  | $ | — |

Maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (U.S. dollars in thousands):

Year Ending December 31 |  | Operating Leases |  |  | Finance Leases |
2021 |  | $ | 24,079 |  |  | $ | 1,109 |
2022 |  |  | 34,753 |  |  |  | 2,230 |
2023 |  |  | 24,074 |  |  |  | 2,148 |
2024 |  |  | 18,965 |  |  |  | 2,035 |
2025 |  |  | 14,237 |  |  |  | 1,436 |
Thereafter |  |  | 41,227 |  |  |  | 262 |
Total |  |  | 157,335 |  |  |  | 9,220 |
Less: Finance charges |  |  | 19,479 |  |  |  | 722 |
Total principal liability |  | $ | 137,856 |  |  | $ | 8,498 |

The Company has additional lease liabilities of $3.6 million which have not yet commenced as of June 30, 2021, and as such, have not been recognized on the consolidated balance sheets.

6. | Capital Stock

Net income per share
Net income per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. Additionally, diluted earnings per share data gives effect to all potentially dilutive common shares that were outstanding during the periods presented. For the three-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, stock options of 0.1 million and 1.0 million, respectively, and for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, stock options of 0.1 million and 0.9 million, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive.
Dividends
In February and May 2021, the Company’s board of directors declared quarterly cash dividends of $0.38 per share. These quarterly cash dividends of $19.3 million and $19.0 million were paid on March 10, 2021 and June 9, 2021 to stockholders of record on February 26, 2021 and May 28, 2021. In August 2021, the Company’s board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.38 per share to be paid on September 8, 2021 to stockholders of record on August 27, 2021.
Repurchase of common stock
During the three-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company repurchased 0.2 million and 1.7 million shares of its Class A common stock under its stock repurchase plan for $10.0 million and $46.5 million, respectively. During the six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company repurchased 1.2 million shares and 4.4 million shares of its Class A common stock under its stock repurchase plan for $60.4 million and $107.4 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2021, $265.4 million was available for repurchases under the Company’s stock repurchase plan.
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7. | Fair Value

The carrying value of financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximates fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of debt approximates fair value due to the variable 30-day interest rate. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information.
The FASB Codification defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. On a quarterly basis, the Company measures at fair value certain financial assets, including cash equivalents. Accounting standards specify a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. These two types of inputs have created the following fair-value hierarchy:

| ◾ | Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

| ◾ | Level 2 – inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly;

| ◾ | Level 3 – unobservable inputs based on the Company’s own assumptions.

Accounting standards permit companies, at their option, to measure certain financial instruments and other eligible items at fair value. The Company has elected not to apply the fair value option to existing eligible items beyond what is required by US GAAP.
The following tables present the fair value hierarchy for those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (U.S. dollars in thousands):

|  | Fair Value at June 30, 2021 |
|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
Financial assets (liabilities): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents and current investments |  | $ | 69,414 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 69,414 |
Derivative financial instruments asset |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,304 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,304 |
Life insurance contracts |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 49,061 |  |  |  | 49,061 |
Derivative financial instruments liability |  |  | — |  |  |  | (97 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (97 | )
Contingent consideration |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12,030 | ) |  |  | (12,030 | )
Total |  | $ | 69,414 |  |  | $ | 4,207 |  |  | $ | 37,031 |  |  | $ | 110,652 |

|  | Fair Value at December 31, 2020 |
|  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
Financial assets (liabilities): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents and current investments |  | $ | 56,628 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 56,628 |
Derivative financial instruments asset |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,145 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,145 |
Life insurance contracts |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 45,453 |  |  |  | 45,453 |
Derivative financial instruments liability |  |  | — |  |  |  | (105 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (105 | )
Contingent consideration |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,125 | ) |  |  | (3,125 | )
Total |  | $ | 56,628 |  |  | $ | 1,040 |  |  | $ | 42,328 |  |  | $ | 99,996 |

The following table provides a summary of changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 life insurance contracts (U.S. dollars in thousands):

Beginning balance at January 1, 2021 |  | $ | 45,453 |
Actual return on plan assets |  |  | 3,608 |
Purchase and issuances |  |  | 7,016 |
Sales and settlements |  |  | (7,016 | )
Transfers into Level 3 |  |  | — |
Ending balance at June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 49,061 |

Life insurance contracts: ASC 820 preserves practicability exceptions to fair value measurements provided by other applicable provisions of U.S. GAAP. The guidance in ASC 715-30-35-60 allows a reporting entity, as a practical expedient, to use cash surrender value or conversion value as an expedient for fair value when it is present. Accordingly, the Company determines the fair value of its life insurance contracts as the cash-surrender value of life insurance policies held in its Rabbi Trust
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The following table provides a summary of changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 contingent consideration (U.S. dollars in thousands):

Beginning balance at January 1, 2021 |  | $ | (3,125 | )
Additions from acquisitions |  |  | (8,702 | )
Changes in fair value of contingent consideration |  |  | (203 | )
Ending balance at June 30, 2021 |  | $ | (12,030 | )

Contingent consideration: Contingent consideration represents the obligations incurred in connection with acquisitions. The estimate of fair value of the contingent consideration obligations requires subjective assumptions to be made regarding the future business results, discount rates, discount periods and probabilities assigned to various potential business result scenarios and was determined using probability assessments with respect to the likelihood of reaching various targets or of achieving certain milestones. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs unobservable in the market and thus represents a level 3 measurement. Changes in current expectations of progress could change the probability of achieving the targets within the measurement periods and result in an increase or decrease in the fair value of the contingent consideration obligation.

8. | Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes for the three- and six-month periods of 2021 was $22.0 million and $39.1 million, compared to $17.8 million and $28.5 million for the prior-year periods. The effective tax rates for the three- and six-month periods were 27.1% and 26.8% of pre-tax income compared to 29.8% and 31.6% in the prior-year periods.
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740 “Income Taxes.” These standards establish financial accounting and reporting standards for the effects of income taxes that result from an enterprise’s activities during the current and preceding years. The Company takes an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. The Company pays income taxes in many foreign jurisdictions based on the profits realized in those jurisdictions, which can be significantly impacted by terms of intercompany transactions between the Company and its foreign affiliates. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are created in this process. The Company has netted these deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities by jurisdiction. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be ultimately realized. The Company had net deferred tax assets of $27.1 million and $34.8 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
The Company evaluates its indefinite reinvestment assertions with respect to foreign earnings for each quarter. For all foreign earnings, the Company accrues the applicable foreign income taxes. For the earnings that have been indefinitely reinvested, the Company does not accrue foreign withholding taxes. Undistributed earnings that the Company has indefinitely reinvested, for which no foreign withholding taxes have been provided, aggregate to $60.0 million as of December 31, 2020. If the amount designated as indefinitely reinvested as of December 31, 2020 was repatriated to the United States, the amount of incremental taxes would be approximately $6.0 million. The Company intends to utilize the indefinitely reinvested offshore earnings to fund foreign investments, specifically capital expenditures.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to tax examinations from the IRS for all years for which tax returns have been filed before 2020. With a few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state and local income tax examination by tax authorities for the years before 2017. In 2009, the Company entered into a voluntary program with the IRS called Compliance Assurance Process (“CAP”). The objective of CAP is to contemporaneously work with the IRS to achieve federal tax compliance and resolve all or most of the issues prior to filing of the tax return. The Company has elected to participate in CAP for 2021 and may elect to continue participating in CAP for future tax years; the Company may withdraw from the program at any time. In major foreign jurisdictions, the Company is generally no longer subject to income tax examinations for years before 2015. However, statutes of limitations in certain countries may be as long as ten years. The Company is currently under examination in certain foreign jurisdictions; however, the outcomes of those reviews are not yet determinable. The Company’s unrecognized tax benefits relate to multiple jurisdictions. Due to potential increases in unrecognized tax benefits from the multiple jurisdictions in which the Company operates, as well as the expiration of various statutes of limitations, it is reasonably possible that the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits, net of foreign currency adjustments, may decrease in the next 12 months by approximately $0.1 to $1.0 million.
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9. | Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives
The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to the Company’s borrowings.
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of fixed-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. During 2021, such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable-rate debt.
For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income and subsequently reclassified into interest expense/income in the same period(s) during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense/income as interest payments are made/received on the Company’s variable-rate debt. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that an additional $97 thousand will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had four outstanding interest rate derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk with a total notional amount of $200 million.
Fair Values of Derivative Instruments on the Balance Sheet
The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the Balance Sheet:

|  |  |  | Fair Values of Derivative Instruments
Derivatives in Cash flow Hedging Relationships: |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | June 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Interest Rate Swap - Asset |  | Other Assets |  | $ | 4,304 |  | $ | 1,145
Interest Rate Swap - Liability |  | Accrued Expenses |  | $ | 97 |  | $ | 105

Effect of Cash Flow Hedge Accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The tables below present the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.

|  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative
|  | Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended
Derivatives in Cash flow |  | June 30, |  | June 30,
Hedging Relationships: |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Interest Rate Swaps |  | $ | (778) |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,101 |  | $ | —

|  |  |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into Income
|  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended
Derivatives in Cash flow |  | Income Statement |  | June 30, |  | June 30,
Hedging Relationships: |  | Location |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Interest Rate Swaps |  | Other Income |  | $ | (38) |  | $ | — |  | $ | (65) |  | $ | —

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10. | Segment Information

The Company reports revenue from ten segments, consisting of its seven geographic Nu Skin segments—Mainland China, Americas/Pacific, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Japan, EMEA, and Hong Kong/Taiwan—and three Rhyz Investments segments -Manufacturing, Grow Tech and Rhyz other. The Nu Skin other category includes miscellaneous corporate revenue and related adjustments. The Rhyz other category includes other investments by our Rhyz strategic investment arm. These segments reflect the way the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company’s business performance and allocates resources. Reported revenue includes only the revenue generated by sales to external customers.
Profitability by segment as determined under US GAAP is driven primarily by the Company’s transfer pricing policies. Segment contribution, which is the Company’s segment profitability metric presented in the table below, excludes certain intercompany charges, specifically royalties, license fees, transfer pricing, discrete charges and other miscellaneous items. These charges have been included in Corporate and other expenses. Corporate and other expenses also include costs related to the Company’s executive and administrative offices, information technology, research and development, and marketing and supply chain functions not recorded at the segment level.
In the first quarter of 2021, as a result of a change in the Company’s transfer pricing policies in the Americas/Pacific, the segment contribution calculation has been adjusted. The prior year Americas/Pacific and Corporate and other has been recast to conform with the new policy.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The Company evaluates the performance of its segments based on revenue and segment contribution. Each segment records direct expenses related to its employees and its operations.
Summarized financial information for the Company’s reportable segments is shown in the following tables. Asset information is not reviewed or included with the Company’s internal management reporting. Therefore, the Company has not disclosed asset information for each reportable segment.
Revenue by Segment

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
(U.S. dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Nu Skin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mainland China |  | $ | 154,182 |  |  | $ | 146,332 |  |  | $ | 303,775 |  |  | $ | 284,028 |
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 151,730 |  |  |  | 127,919 |  |  |  | 301,195 |  |  |  | 202,492 |
South Korea |  |  | 88,604 |  |  |  | 76,915 |  |  |  | 169,735 |  |  |  | 152,634 |
EMEA |  |  | 83,115 |  |  |  | 50,776 |  |  |  | 159,295 |  |  |  | 86,179 |
Southeast Asia |  |  | 70,751 |  |  |  | 66,829 |  |  |  | 138,336 |  |  |  | 136,415 |
Japan |  |  | 68,020 |  |  |  | 68,291 |  |  |  | 137,884 |  |  |  | 129,591 |
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 38,529 |  |  |  | 37,161 |  |  |  | 74,874 |  |  |  | 72,988 |
Nu Skin other |  |  | 755 |  |  |  | (85 | ) |  |  | 1,460 |  |  |  | 688 |
Total Nu Skin |  |  | 655,686 |  |  |  | 574,138 |  |  |  | 1,286,554 |  |  |  | 1,065,015 |
Rhyz Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing (1) |  |  | 48,140 |  |  |  | 37,918 |  |  |  | 94,125 |  |  |  | 65,065 |
Grow Tech |  |  | 191 |  |  |  | 310 |  |  |  | 364 |  |  |  | 314 |
Rhyz other |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | — |
Total Rhyz Investments |  |  | 48,369 |  |  |  | 38,228 |  |  |  | 94,527 |  |  |  | 65,379 |
Total |  | $ | 704,055 |  |  | $ | 612,366 |  |  | $ | 1,381,081 |  |  | $ | 1,130,394 |

(1) | The Manufacturing segment had $23.2 million and $6.9 million of intersegment revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $40.6 million and $13.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Intersegment revenue is eliminated in the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported segment revenue in the table above.

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Segment Contribution

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
(U.S. dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Nu Skin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mainland China |  | $ | 51,480 |  |  | $ | 43,668 |  |  | $ | 90,919 |  |  | $ | 81,055 |
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 32,106 |  |  |  | 25,791 |  |  |  | 64,250 |  |  |  | 37,071 |
South Korea |  |  | 28,892 |  |  |  | 24,090 |  |  |  | 55,417 |  |  |  | 48,189 |
EMEA |  |  | 13,681 |  |  |  | 3,342 |  |  |  | 22,577 |  |  |  | 3,973 |
Southeast Asia |  |  | 18,105 |  |  |  | 16,977 |  |  |  | 34,354 |  |  |  | 33,695 |
Japan |  |  | 16,461 |  |  |  | 16,455 |  |  |  | 34,442 |  |  |  | 31,047 |
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 8,560 |  |  |  | 6,839 |  |  |  | 15,908 |  |  |  | 13,777 |
Nu Skin contribution |  |  | 169,285 |  |  |  | 137,162 |  |  |  | 317,867 |  |  |  | 248,807 |
Rhyz Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing |  |  | 6,764 |  |  |  | 5,402 |  |  |  | 12,590 |  |  |  | 8,251 |
Grow Tech |  |  | (6,980 | ) |  |  | (5,487 | ) |  |  | (13,071 | ) |  |  | (12,337 | )
Rhyz other |  |  | (519 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (519 | ) |  |  | — |
Rhyz Investments contribution |  |  | (735 | ) |  |  | (85 | ) |  |  | (1,000 | ) |  |  | (4,086 | )
Total segment contribution |  |  | 168,550 |  |  |  | 137,077 |  |  |  | 316,867 |  |  |  | 244,721 |
Corporate and other |  |  | (83,174 | ) |  |  | (79,003 | ) |  |  | (168,578 | ) |  |  | (150,082 | )
Operating income |  |  | 85,376 |  |  |  | 58,074 |  |  |  | 148,289 |  |  |  | 94,639 |
Other income (expense) |  |  | (4,012 | ) |  |  | 1,581 |  |  |  | (2,430 | ) |  |  | (4,593 | )
Income before provision for income taxes |  | $ | 81,364 |  |  | $ | 59,655 |  |  | $ | 145,859 |  |  | $ | 90,046 |

Depreciation and Amortization

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
(U.S. dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Nu Skin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mainland China |  | $ | 3,276 |  |  | $ | 2,558 |  |  | $ | 6,615 |  |  | $ | 4,982 |
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 273 |  |  |  | 253 |  |  |  | 529 |  |  |  | 498 |
South Korea |  |  | 973 |  |  |  | 918 |  |  |  | 1,963 |  |  |  | 1,975 |
EMEA |  |  | 283 |  |  |  | 242 |  |  |  | 569 |  |  |  | 500 |
Southeast Asia |  |  | 345 |  |  |  | 444 |  |  |  | 674 |  |  |  | 931 |
Japan |  |  | 226 |  |  |  | 834 |  |  |  | 479 |  |  |  | 1,306 |
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 905 |  |  |  | 618 |  |  |  | 1,790 |  |  |  | 1,257 |
Total Nu Skin |  |  | 6,281 |  |  |  | 5,867 |  |  |  | 12,619 |  |  |  | 11,449 |
Rhyz Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing |  |  | 2,887 |  |  |  | 2,062 |  |  |  | 5,575 |  |  |  | 3,877 |
Grow Tech |  |  | 1,360 |  |  |  | 1,248 |  |  |  | 2,699 |  |  |  | 2,473 |
Rhyz other |  |  | 395 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 395 |  |  |  | — |
Total Rhyz Investments |  |  | 4,642 |  |  |  | 3,310 |  |  |  | 8,669 |  |  |  | 6,350 |
Corporate and other |  |  | 8,658 |  |  |  | 9,087 |  |  |  | 16,637 |  |  |  | 19,560 |
Total |  | $ | 19,581 |  |  | $ | 18,264 |  |  | $ | 37,925 |  |  | $ | 37,359 |

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Capital Expenditures

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
(U.S. dollars in thousands) |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Nu Skin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mainland China |  | $ | 3,416 |  |  | $ | 716 |  |  | $ | 11,933 |  |  | $ | 3,577 |
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 102 |  |  |  | 72 |  |  |  | 380 |  |  |  | 766 |
South Korea |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | 195 |  |  |  | 508 |  |  |  | 364 |
EMEA |  |  | 258 |  |  |  | 633 |  |  |  | 430 |  |  |  | 660 |
Southeast Asia |  |  | 343 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 742 |  |  |  | 639 |
Japan |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,491 |  |  |  | 91 |  |  |  | 1,648 |
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | 16 |
Total Nu Skin |  |  | 4,249 |  |  |  | 3,125 |  |  |  | 14,196 |  |  |  | 7,670 |
Rhyz Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing |  |  | 5,662 |  |  |  | 603 |  |  |  | 9,000 |  |  |  | 11,108 |
Grow Tech |  |  | 61 |  |  |  | 239 |  |  |  | 1,003 |  |  |  | 417 |
Rhyz other |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total Rhyz Investments |  |  | 5,723 |  |  |  | 842 |  |  |  | 10,003 |  |  |  | 11,525 |
Corporate and other |  |  | 7,504 |  |  |  | 5,338 |  |  |  | 12,650 |  |  |  | 9,497 |
Total |  | $ | 17,476 |  |  | $ | 9,305 |  |  | $ | 36,849 |  |  | $ | 28,692 |

11. | Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to government regulations pertaining to product formulation, labeling and packaging, product claims and advertising, and the Company’s direct selling system. The Company is also subject to the jurisdiction of numerous foreign tax and customs authorities. Any assertions or determination that either the Company or the Company’s sales force is not in compliance with existing statutes, laws, rules or regulations could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operations. In addition, in any country or jurisdiction, the adoption of new statutes, laws, rules or regulations or changes in the interpretation of existing statutes, laws, rules or regulations could have a material adverse effect on the Company and its operations. No assurance can be given that the Company’s compliance with applicable statutes, laws, rules and regulations will not be challenged by foreign authorities or that such challenges will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company and its Subsidiaries are defendants in litigation, investigations and other proceedings involving various matters. Management believes that the ultimate liability arising from such claims and contingencies, if any, is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The Company is subject to regular audits by federal, state and foreign tax authorities. These audits may result in additional tax liabilities. The Company believes it has appropriately provided for income taxes for all years. Several factors drive the calculation of its tax reserves. Some of these factors include: (i) the expiration of various statutes of limitations; (ii) changes in tax law and regulations; (iii) issuance of tax rulings; and (iv) settlements with tax authorities. Changes in any of these factors may result in adjustments to the Company’s reserves, which would impact its reported financial results.
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12. | Acquisitions

In December 2020, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding equity interest of Ingredient Innovations International Company (“3i”). The purchase price for 3i was $15.7 million, net of cash acquired of $2.1 million and $0.8 million to be paid within six months, all payable in cash. In addition, there is potential for an incremental $7.0 million in contingent consideration, which becomes payable if certain performance targets are reached in 2021 and 2022. The fair value of the contingent consideration recorded on the acquisition date is $3.1 million. The Company allocated the gross purchase price of $24.5 million to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at estimated fair values. The estimated fair value of assets acquired included $14.4 million of intangible assets, $0.3 million of property and equipment, $2.1 million of cash, $0.8 million of accounts receivable and less than $0.3 million of inventory, and the acquisition also included approximately $0.3 million of current liabilities and resulted in a deferred tax liability of $3.1 million. The excess purchase price over the aggregate fair value of assets acquired less liabilities assumed of $6.4 million was recorded as goodwill. The intangible assets acquired were comprised of $3.7 million for Customer relationships, $10.0 million for technology and $0.7 million for other intangibles, all with an assigned estimated useful life of approximately 8 years. All the goodwill was assigned to our Manufacturing segment. The allocation of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the acquisition was finalized during the three months ended March 31, 2021.
In April 2021, the Company acquired 100% ownership in MyFavoriteThings, Inc. (“MyFavoriteThings”) making MyFavoriteThings a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The acquisition enables the Company to continue to expand its digital tools. The purchase price for MyFavoriteThings was $16.8 million, net of cash acquired of $0.4 million and $0.9 million to be paid within six months, all payable in cash. In addition, there is potential for an incremental $24.0 million in contingent consideration, which becomes payable if certain revenue and profitability targets are reached in 2021, 2022 and 2023. The fair value of the contingent consideration recorded on the acquisition date is $8.7 million. The Company allocated the gross purchase price of $29.4 million to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at estimated fair values. The estimated fair value of assets acquired included $16.4 million of intangible assets, $0.4 million of cash, $0.1 million of accounts receivable, and also resulted in a deferred tax liability of $3.5 million. The excess purchase price over the aggregate fair value of assets acquired less liabilities assumed of $12.6 million was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill recognized is attributable primarily to expected synergies. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The intangible assets acquired were comprised of $2.0 million for customer relationships, $11.3 million for technology, $2.8 million for tradenames and $0.3 million for other intangibles. The intangibles were assigned useful lives of 8 years for the technology and tradenames, approximately 4 years for the customer relationships and 3 years for the other intangibles. All the goodwill was assigned to our Rhyz other segment. As of June 30, 2021 the allocation of the purchase price for the acquisition of MyFavoriteThings is not yet finalized and is subject to adjustments as the Company completes the valuation analysis for this acquisition.
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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that represent our current expectations and beliefs. All statements other than statements of historical fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws and include, but are not limited to, statements of management’s expectations regarding our performance, initiatives, strategies, product introductions and offerings, growth, opportunities and risks; statements of projections regarding future sales, expenses, operating results, taxes and duties, capital expenditures, sources and uses of cash, foreign-currency fluctuations or devaluations, repatriation of undistributed earnings, and other financial items; statements of management’s expectations and beliefs regarding our markets and global economic conditions; statements regarding the payment of future dividends and stock repurchases; statements regarding the outcome of litigation, audits, investigations or other regulatory actions; statements regarding government policies and regulations relating to our industry, including government policies and regulations in Mainland China; accounting estimates and assumptions; statements of belief; and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “believe,” “expect,” “optimistic,” “project,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “targets,” “likely,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “may,” “might,” the negative of these words and other similar words. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. We caution and advise readers that these statements are based on assumptions that may not be realized and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations and beliefs contained herein. For a summary of these risks, see the risk factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2020 fiscal year and in our subsequent quarterly and other reports, including this Quarterly Report.
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2020 fiscal year, and our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission through the date of this Quarterly Report.
Overview
Revenue for the three-month period ended June 30, 2021 increased 15% to $704.1 million, compared to $612.4 million in the prior-year period, and revenue for the six-month period ended June 30, 2021 increased 22% to $1.4 billion, compared to $1.1 billion in the prior-year period. Sales Leaders increased 15% and Customers decreased 2% on a year-over-year basis. Our reported revenue benefited 6% from foreign-currency fluctuations for both periods presented of 2021.
Our results continue to benefit from our strategic shift to become a more digital business with continued growth from social commerce, and our Sales Leaders have been able to leverage the power of social sharing to achieve greater levels of productivity. If and when the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, there is uncertainty as to the impact on trends towards online shopping and how our business would be impacted by changes in those trends. Our 15% revenue growth was driven by solid growth in our Americas/Pacific and EMEA segments, where our Brand Affiliates have more broadly adopted social commerce to share our products. The pandemic negatively impacted our Asia markets more heavily, as our sales force generally relies more on in-person meetings in those markets and the social sharing model is less mature. Our revenue and Sales Leaders also benefitted from Sales Leaders initiatives during the quarter. Our Customers declined 2%, primarily due to a significant surge in the prior year. We are continuing the launch of the ageLOC Boost; at the date of this report, the Boost is now generally available for purchase in all of our eastern markets, with EMEA and US slated for the back half of 2021. Also, in the back half of the year, we are beginning our launch process of our two new products Beauty Focus Collagen+ and ageLOC Meta, with both being generally available for purchase in 2022.
Earnings per share for the second quarter of 2021 increased 42% to $1.15, compared to $0.81 in the prior-year period. Earnings per share for the first six months of 2021 increased 79% to $2.06, compared to $1.15 in the prior-year period. The increase in earnings per share for the second quarter was primarily driven by the increase in revenue, improved gross margin from lower freight expense as a percentage of revenue and favorable product mix, and a decrease in selling expense as a percent of revenue. The increase in earnings per share for the first half of 2021 was driven by the increase in revenue and fixed nature of general and administrative expenses on the increased revenue.
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Segment Results
We report our business in ten segments to reflect our current management approach. These segments consist of our seven geographic Nu Skin segments—Mainland China, Americas/Pacific, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Japan, Hong Kong/Taiwan, and EMEA—and our three Rhyz Investment segments—Manufacturing, Grow Tech and Rhyz other. The Nu Skin other category includes miscellaneous corporate revenue and related adjustments. The Rhyz other category includes other investments by our Rhyz strategic investment arm, which were entered into during the second quarter of 2021.
The following table sets forth revenue for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 for each of our reportable segments (U.S. dollars in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  |  |  |  | Constant- Currency |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  |  |  |  |  | Constant- Currency |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | Change |  |  | Change (1) |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | Change |  |  | Change (1) |
Nu Skin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mainland China |  | $ | 154,182 |  |  | $ | 146,332 |  |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | (4 | )% |  | $ | 303,775 |  |  | $ | 284,028 |  |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | (2 | )%
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 151,730 |  |  |  | 127,919 |  |  |  | 19 | % |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 301,195 |  |  |  | 202,492 |  |  |  | 49 | % |  |  | 45 | %
South Korea |  |  | 88,604 |  |  |  | 76,915 |  |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 169,735 |  |  |  | 152,634 |  |  |  | 11 | % |  |  | 3 | %
EMEA |  |  | 83,115 |  |  |  | 50,776 |  |  |  | 64 | % |  |  | 49 | % |  |  | 159,295 |  |  |  | 86,179 |  |  |  | 85 | % |  |  | 69 | %
Southeast Asia |  |  | 70,751 |  |  |  | 66,829 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 2 | % |  |  | 138,336 |  |  |  | 136,415 |  |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | (2 | )%
Japan |  |  | 68,020 |  |  |  | 68,291 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 | % |  |  | 137,884 |  |  |  | 129,591 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 6 | %
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 38,529 |  |  |  | 37,161 |  |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | — |  |  |  | 74,874 |  |  |  | 72,988 |  |  |  | 3 | % |  |  | (1 | )%
Nu Skin other |  |  | 755 |  |  |  | (85 | ) |  |  | 988 | % |  |  | 988 | % |  |  | 1,460 |  |  |  | 688 |  |  |  | 112 | % |  |  | 112 | %
Total Nu Skin |  |  | 655,686 |  |  |  | 574,138 |  |  |  | 14 | % |  |  | 8 | % |  |  | 1,286,554 |  |  |  | 1,065,015 |  |  |  | 21 | % |  |  | 15 | %
Rhyz Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing |  |  | 48,140 |  |  |  | 37,918 |  |  |  | 27 | % |  |  | 27 | % |  |  | 94,125 |  |  |  | 65,065 |  |  |  | 45 | % |  |  | 45 | %
Grow Tech |  |  | 191 |  |  |  | 310 |  |  |  | (38 | )% |  |  | (38 | )% |  |  | 364 |  |  |  | 314 |  |  |  | 16 | % |  |  | 16 | %
Rhyz other |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Rhyz Investments |  |  | 48,369 |  |  |  | 38,228 |  |  |  | 27 | % |  |  | 27 | % |  |  | 94,527 |  |  |  | 65,379 |  |  |  | 45 | % |  |  | 45 | %
Total |  | $ | 704,055 |  |  | $ | 612,366 |  |  |  | 15 | % |  |  | 9 | % |  | $ | 1,381,081 |  |  | $ | 1,130,394 |  |  |  | 22 | % |  |  | 16 | %

(1) | Constant-currency revenue change is a non-GAAP financial measure. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures,” below.

The following table sets forth segment contribution for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 for each of our reportable segments (U.S. dollars in thousands). Segment contribution excludes certain intercompany charges, specifically royalties, license fees, transfer pricing and other miscellaneous items. We use segment contribution to measure the portion of profitability that the segment managers have the ability to manage for their respective segments. For additional information regarding our segments and the calculation of segment contribution, see Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements contained in this report.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  |  |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |  |  |  |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | Change |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | Change |
Nu Skin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mainland China |  | $ | 51,480 |  |  | $ | 43,668 |  |  |  | 18 | % |  | $ | 90,919 |  |  | $ | 81,055 |  |  |  | 12 | %
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 32,106 |  |  |  | 25,791 |  |  |  | 24 | % |  |  | 64,250 |  |  |  | 37,071 |  |  |  | 73 | %
South Korea |  |  | 28,892 |  |  |  | 24,090 |  |  |  | 20 | % |  |  | 55,417 |  |  |  | 48,189 |  |  |  | 15 | %
EMEA |  |  | 13,681 |  |  |  | 3,342 |  |  |  | 309 | % |  |  | 22,577 |  |  |  | 3,973 |  |  |  | 468 | %
Southeast Asia |  |  | 18,105 |  |  |  | 16,977 |  |  |  | 7 | % |  |  | 34,354 |  |  |  | 33,695 |  |  |  | 2 | %
Japan |  |  | 16,461 |  |  |  | 16,455 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 34,442 |  |  |  | 31,047 |  |  |  | 11 | %
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 8,560 |  |  |  | 6,839 |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 15,908 |  |  |  | 13,777 |  |  |  | 15 | %
Total Nu Skin |  |  | 169,285 |  |  |  | 137,162 |  |  |  | 23 | % |  |  | 317,867 |  |  |  | 248,807 |  |  |  | 28 | %
Rhyz Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing |  |  | 6,764 |  |  |  | 5,402 |  |  |  | 25 | % |  |  | 12,590 |  |  |  | 8,251 |  |  |  | 53 | %
Grow Tech |  |  | (6,980 | ) |  |  | (5,487 | ) |  |  | (27 | )% |  |  | (13,071 | ) |  |  | (12,337 | ) |  |  | (6 | )%
Rhyz other |  |  | (519 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (519 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total Rhyz Investments |  |  | (735 | ) |  |  | (85 | ) |  |  | (765 | )% |  |  | (1,000 | ) |  |  | (4,086 | ) |  |  | 76 | %

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The following table provides information concerning the number of Customers and Sales Leaders as of June 30, 2021 and 2020. “Customers” are persons who have purchased products directly from the Company during the three months ended as of the date indicated. Our Customer numbers do not include consumers who purchase products directly from members of our sales force. “Sales Leaders” are independent distributors, and sales employees and independent marketers in Mainland China, who achieve certain qualification requirements.

|  | As of June 30, 2021 |  |  | As of June 30, 2020 |  |  | % Increase (Decrease) |
|  | Customers |  |  | Sales Leaders |  |  | Customers |  |  | Sales Leaders |  |  | Customers |  |  | Sales Leaders |
Mainland China |  |  | 328,526 |  |  |  | 18,647 |  |  |  | 321,946 |  |  |  | 17,104 |  |  |  | 2 | % |  |  | 9 | %
Americas/Pacific |  |  | 397,685 |  |  |  | 13,078 |  |  |  | 424,236 |  |  |  | 10,787 |  |  |  | (6 | )% |  |  | 21 | %
South Korea |  |  | 153,287 |  |  |  | 7,935 |  |  |  | 159,926 |  |  |  | 6,881 |  |  |  | (4 | )% |  |  | 15 | %
EMEA |  |  | 261,857 |  |  |  | 7,900 |  |  |  | 247,057 |  |  |  | 5,120 |  |  |  | 6 | % |  |  | 54 | %
Southeast Asia |  |  | 135,610 |  |  |  | 7,141 |  |  |  | 155,822 |  |  |  | 6,790 |  |  |  | (13 | )% |  |  | 5 | %
Japan |  |  | 125,791 |  |  |  | 6,053 |  |  |  | 125,332 |  |  |  | 6,011 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 | %
Hong Kong/Taiwan |  |  | 64,861 |  |  |  | 3,474 |  |  |  | 65,581 |  |  |  | 3,343 |  |  |  | (1 | )% |  |  | 4 | %
Total |  |  | 1,467,617 |  |  |  | 64,228 |  |  |  | 1,499,900 |  |  |  | 56,036 |  |  |  | (2 | )% |  |  | 15 | %

Following is a narrative discussion of our results in each segment, which supplements the tables above.
Mainland China. The increase in revenue for the second quarter and first six months of 2021, is attributable to the 9% benefit from favorable foreign-currency fluctuations for both periods presented. Our Mainland China market continues to stabilize from effects of the restrictions on in-person meetings that began in 2019 based on government direction and continued through 2020 with the global pandemic. Our Sales Leaders increased 9%, benefiting from new Sales Leaders initiatives.
The year-over-year increase in segment contribution for the second quarter and first six months of 2021 is attributable to increased reported revenue and a 2.0 percentage point and a 2.1 percentage point improvement, respectively, in gross margin from a favorable product mix and decrease in freight expense to customers. The second quarter of 2021 also reflects a one-time benefit related to payroll taxes which resulted in lower general and administrative expenses.
Americas/Pacific. Our Americas/Pacific segment continued to benefit from greater adoption of innovative products shared increasingly via the social commerce business model supported by our digital tools, which drove increased revenue in the second quarter and first half of 2021. The new social and digital tools as well as strong sales leadership in social sharing in these markets have enabled our sales force to more effectively transact business digitally. These factors also led to an increase in Sales Leaders. Our reported revenue also reflects a 5% and 4% benefit from favorable foreign-currency fluctuations for the second quarter and first half of 2021, respectively. Our Customers decreased 6%, primarily attributable to our Argentina market. Our Argentina market continues to experience economic instability from hyperinflation, which led to a 73% and 56% decline in revenue for the second quarter and first half of 2021, respectively, along with a 77% decline in Customers and a 66% decline in Sales Leaders.
The year-over-year increase in segment contribution for the second quarter and first half of 2021 primarily reflects the increase in revenue and a 2.3 percentage point and 1.4 percentage point improvement, respectively, in gross margin from product mix and less freight expense. The first half of 2021 also benefited from the fixed nature of general and administrative expenses, which as a percentage of revenue decreased 1.8 percentage points.
South Korea. Our South Korea market continues to improve and benefited from successful product promotions and Sales Leader initiatives which contributed to a 15% increase in revenue for the second quarter and 15% increase in Sales Leaders. Our reported revenue reflects a 9% benefit and an 8% benefit from favorable foreign-currency fluctuations for the second quarter and first half of 2021, respectively.
The year-over-year increase in segment contribution primarily reflects the increased revenue, along with improvements in gross margin, from a shift to more favorable margin products.
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EMEA. Our EMEA segment’s strong revenue trends continued into the second quarter and first half of 2021, benefiting from further adoption of the social sharing business model supported by our digital tools. During the second quarter we began the ageLOC Boost launch process, with a strong Sales Leader introduction, generating $11.1 million in sales. These factors contributed to a 64% and 85% increase in revenue for the second quarter and first half of 2021, respectively and a 54% increase in Sales Leaders. Our reported revenue also benefited 15% and 16% from foreign-currency fluctuations for the second quarter and first half of 2021, respectively. Similar to our Americas/Pacific segment, the strong sales leadership in social sharing has allowed the EMEA segment to more effectively transact business digitally.
The strong improvement in segment contribution for the second quarter and first half of 2021 is primarily attributable to higher revenue and the fixed nature of general and administrative expenses. In addition, gross margin improved for the second quarter and first half of 2021 from favorable product mix from the Boost launch.
Southeast Asia. The year-over-year increase in revenue for the second quarter and first half of 2021 primarily reflects a benefit from favorable foreign currency fluctuations. Sales Leader initiatives and a virtual Sales Leader event during the quarter led to a 5% increase in Sales Leaders. The decrease in Customers for the Southeast Asia segment was primarily attributable to the COVID-19 restrictions that still remain in place, as well as a decline in our Vietnam market, which is primarily from prior-year regulatory pressures that continue to impact our Customer numbers.
The year-over-year increase in segment contribution for the second quarter and first half of 2021 primarily reflects the increase in revenue.
Japan. We remain encouraged by the increasingly younger demographic that is adept at social sharing. Our first quarter product launches, including ageLOC Boost and restages of other product lines, led to a 6% year-over-year increase in revenue for the first half of 2021, while the second quarter was flat.
The year-over-year increase in segment contribution for the first half of 2021 primarily reflects the increased revenue, a slight decline in selling expense as a percent of revenue from normal fluctuations and the fixed nature of general and administrative expenses on increased revenue.
Hong Kong/Taiwan. Our Hong Kong /Taiwan segment revenue increased 4% for the quarter and 3% for the first half of 2021, with a 4% benefit from favorable foreign-currency fluctuations for both periods presented. The fourth quarter of 2020 product launches drove an increase in Sales Leaders, which increased 4% as of the second quarter of 2021, compared to the prior-year period.
The increase in segment contribution was primarily driven by reported revenue growth, with general and administrative expenses remaining flat on slightly improved revenue.
Manufacturing. Our Manufacturing segment continues to generate strong results with a 27% year-over-year increase in revenue for the second quarter and a 45% increase for the six-month period ended June 30, 2021. Our continued investments in additional capacity have allowed our manufacturing companies to increase revenue as the demand for nutrition and personal care products continues to expand.
The 25% increase and 53% increase in segment contribution for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021, respectively, reflect revenue increases.
Grow Tech. Our Grow Tech segment continues to invest in controlled-environment agriculture technologies. We have found this technology has broader applications in agriculture, and we are investing to pursue this potential opportunity. We are expecting continued losses in 2021 from this segment as we continue to research and refine the technology. We are currently evaluating strategic alternatives with respect to this business.
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Consolidated Results
Revenue
Revenue for the three-month period ended June 30, 2021 increased 15% to $704.1 million, compared to $612.4 million in the prior-year period. Revenue for the six-month period ended June 30, 2021 increased 22% to $1.4 billion compared to $1.1 billion. Our reported revenue also benefited 6% from foreign-currency fluctuations for both periods presented of 2021. For a discussion and analysis of these increases in revenue, see “Overview” and “Segment Results,” above.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 75.6% for the second quarter of 2021, compared to 74.8% for the prior-year period, and 75.2% for the first six months of 2021, compared to 75.2% for the prior-year period. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue for core Nu Skin increased 0.7 percentage points to 78.3% for the second quarter of 2021 and increased 0.3 percentage points to 78.1% for the first half of 2021. Our Nu Skin gross profit benefitted from a favorable product mix, along with lower freight as a percentage of revenue.
Selling expenses
Selling expenses as a percentage of revenue were 39.5% for the second quarter of 2021, compared to 40.6% for the prior-year period, and 39.9% for the first six months of 2021, compared to 40.2% for the prior-year period. Core Nu Skin selling expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased 0.9 percentage points to 42.4% for the second quarter of 2021 and increased 0.2 percentage points to 42.9% for the first half of 2021. Selling expenses for our core Nu Skin business are driven by the specific performance of our individual Sales Leaders. Given the size of our sales force and the various components of our compensation and incentive programs, selling expenses as a percentage of revenue typically fluctuate plus or minus approximately 100 basis points from period to period.
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses increased to $168.8 million in the second quarter of 2021, compared to $151.6 million in the prior-year period and increased to $338.6 million in the first half of 2021, compared to $301.2 million in the prior-year period. The $37.4 million increase for the first half of 2021 was mainly driven by a $18.7 million increase in labor expenses, attributable to higher employee performance incentive compensation, and approximately $7.4 million in increased IT expenses, associated with our cloud transition and ongoing development of digital tools. The increase for the second quarter is mainly driven by $4.4 million in increased IT expenses, along with a $4.6 million increase in labor expense. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased to 24.0% for the second quarter of 2021, from 24.7% for the prior-year period, and decreased to 24.5% for the first half of 2021, from 26.6% for the prior-year period.
Other income (expense), net
Other income (expense), net was $(4.0) million for the second quarter of 2021 compared to $1.6 million for the prior-year period, and $(2.4) million for the first half of 2021 compared to $(4.6) million for the prior-year period. The increase in expense for the second quarter primarily relates to $3.3 million from foreign-currency fluctuations along with a loss on asset disposal. The decrease in expense for the first half of 2021 primarily relates to a decrease in interest expense from lower interest rates.
Provision for income taxes
Provision for income taxes for the three- and six-month periods of 2021 was $22.0 million and $39.1 million, compared to $17.8 million and $28.5 million for the prior-year periods. The effective tax rates for the three- and six-month periods were 27.1% and 26.8% of pre-tax income compared to 29.8% and 31.6% in the prior-year periods. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the second quarter and first six months of 2021 primarily reflects the strong growth in the U.S. market and Manufacturing segment, which enabled us to utilize additional foreign tax credits to offset the U.S. income taxes.
Net income
As a result of the foregoing factors, net income for the second quarter of 2021 was $59.3 million, compared to $41.9 million in the prior-year period. Net income for the first six months of 2021 was $106.8 million, compared to $61.6 million for the first six months of 2020.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historically, our principal uses of cash have included operating expenses (particularly selling expenses) and working capital (principally inventory purchases), as well as capital expenditures, stock repurchases, dividends, debt repayment and the development of operations in new markets. We have at times incurred long-term debt, or drawn on our revolving line of credit, to fund strategic transactions, stock repurchases, capital investments and short-term operating needs. We typically generate positive cash flow from operations due to favorable margins and have generally relied on cash from operations to fund operating activities. In the first six months of 2021, we generated $1.9 million in cash from operations, compared to $166.1 million in cash from operations during the prior-year period. The decrease in cash flow from operations primarily reflects a $80.2 million increase in inventory partially attributable to a strategic decision to shift back to ocean freight from air freight, resulting in more inventory in our supply chain, along with increases at our manufacturing entities to support the revenue growth. Our cash from operations was also impacted by the first quarter of 2021 payout of the accrued commission and accrued employee incentive payments attributable to our fourth-quarter growth. We generated $20.7 million in cash from operations in the second quarter of 2021. Cash and cash equivalents, including current investments, as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were $379.3 million and $423.9 million, respectively, with the decrease being driven by purchases of property and equipment, as discussed below, our quarterly dividend payments, stock repurchases and acquisitions, partially offset by increased borrowings under our revolving credit facility.
Working capital. As of June 30, 2021, working capital was $345.2 million, compared to $360.3 million as of December 31, 2020. The decline in working capital is primarily attributable to a net $120.0 million increase in borrowings under our revolving credit facility during the first half of the year to fund our acquisitions and stock repurchases and other expenses for operations, partially offset by increased inventory.
Capital expenditures. Capital expenditures for the six months ended June 30, 2021 were $36.8 million. We expect that our capital expenditures in 2021 will be primarily related to:

| ● | the expansion and upgrade of facilities in our various markets;

| ● | purchases and expenditures for computer systems and equipment, software, and application development; and

| ● | a new manufacturing plant in Mainland China

We estimate that capital expenditures for the uses listed above will total approximately $80–95 million for 2021. We are currently in the building phase of the new manufacturing plant in Mainland China. To date we have spent approximately $28 million and expect that our expenditures for this project will total approximately $55 million over the next 1-2 years, including approximately $25-30 million during 2021.
Credit Agreement. In April 2018, we entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with various financial institutions as lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent. The Credit Agreement provides for a $400.0 million term loan facility and a $350.0 million revolving credit facility, each with a term of five years. We used the proceeds of the term loan and the draw on the revolving facility to pay off the previous credit agreement, and the outstanding balance on the convertible notes. The interest rate applicable to the facilities is subject to adjustments based on our consolidated leverage ratio. The term loan facility amortizes in quarterly installments in amounts resulting in an annual amortization of 5.0% during the first and second years, 7.5% during the third and fourth years and 10.0% during the fifth year after the closing date of the Credit Agreement, with the remainder payable at final maturity. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had $120.0 million and no outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility, and $322.5 million and $337.5 million remaining balance on our term loan facility. The carrying value of the debt also reflects debt issuance costs of $(1.7) million and $(2.1) million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, related to the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement requires us to maintain a consolidated leverage ratio not exceeding 2.25 to 1.00 and a consolidated interest coverage ratio of no less than 3.00 to 1.00. We are currently in compliance with all debt covenants under the Credit Agreement. We are planning to refinance our Credit Agreement within the next twelve months.
Derivative Instruments. As of June 30, 2021, we had four interest rate swaps, with a total notional principal amount of $200 million and a maturity date of July 31, 2025. We entered into these interest rate swap arrangements during the third quarter of 2020 to hedge the variable cash flows associated with our variable-rate debt under the Credit Agreement.
Stock repurchase plan. In 2018, our board of directors approved a stock repurchase plan authorizing us to repurchase up to $500.0 million of our outstanding shares of Class A common stock on the open market or in private transactions. During the first half of 2021, we repurchased approximately 1.2 million shares of our Class A common stock under the plan for $60.4 million. As of June 30, 2021, $265.4 million was available for repurchases under the plan. Our stock repurchases are used primarily to offset dilution from our equity incentive plans and for strategic initiatives.
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Dividends. In February and May 2021, our board of directors declared quarterly cash dividends of $0.38 per share. These quarterly cash dividends of $19.3 million and $19.0 million were paid on March 10, 2021 and June 9, 2021 to stockholders of record on February 26, 2021 and May 28, 2021. In August 2021, our board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.38 per share to be paid on September 8, 2021 to stockholders of record on August 27, 2021. Currently, we anticipate that our board of directors will continue to declare quarterly cash dividends and that the cash flows from operations will be sufficient to fund our future dividend payments. However, the continued declaration of dividends is subject to the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon various factors, including our net earnings, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects and other relevant factors.
Cash from foreign subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we held $379.3 million and $423.9 million, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents, including current investments. These amounts include $321.2 million and $374.7 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, held in our operations outside of the U.S. Substantially all of our non-U.S. cash and cash equivalents are readily convertible into U.S. dollars or other currencies, subject to procedural or other requirements in certain markets, as well as an indefinite-reinvestment designation, as described below.
We typically fund the cash requirements of our operations in the U.S. through intercompany dividends, intercompany loans and intercompany charges for products, use of intangible property, and corporate services. However, some markets impose government-approval or other requirements for the repatriation of dividends. For example, in Mainland China, we are unable to repatriate cash from current operations in the form of dividends until we file the necessary statutory financial statements for the relevant period. As of June 30, 2021, we had $67.9 million in cash denominated in Chinese RMB. We also have experienced delays in repatriating cash from Argentina. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had $10.6 million and $10.6 million, respectively, in intercompany receivable with our Argentina subsidiary. We also have intercompany loan arrangements with some of our markets, including Mainland China, that allow us to access available cash, subject to certain limits in Mainland China and other jurisdictions. We also have drawn on our revolving line of credit to address cash needs until we can repatriate cash from Mainland China or other markets, and we may continue to do so. Except for $60.0 million of earnings in Mainland China that we designated as indefinitely reinvested during the second quarter of 2018, we currently plan to repatriate undistributed earnings from our non-U.S. operations as necessary, considering the cash needs of our non-U.S. operations and the cash needs of our U.S. operations for dividends, stock repurchases, capital investments, debt repayment and strategic transactions. Repatriation of non-U.S. earnings is subject to withholding taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions. Accordingly, we have accrued the necessary withholding taxes related to the non-U.S. earnings.
We currently believe that existing cash balances, future cash flows from operations and existing lines of credit will be adequate to fund our cash needs on both a short- and long-term basis. The majority of our historical expenses have been variable in nature, and as such, a potential reduction in the level of revenue would reduce our cash flow needs. In the event that our current cash balances, future cash flow from operations and current lines of credit are not sufficient to meet our obligations or strategic needs, we would consider raising additional funds in the debt or equity markets or restructuring our current debt obligations. Additionally, we would consider realigning our strategic plans, including a reduction in capital spending, stock repurchases or dividend payments.
Contingent Liabilities
Please refer to Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements contained in this Quarterly Report for information regarding our contingent liabilities.
Critical Accounting Policies
There were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies during the second quarter of 2021.
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Seasonality and Cyclicality
In addition to general economic factors, we are impacted by seasonal factors and trends such as major cultural events and vacation patterns. For example, most Asian markets celebrate their respective local New Year in the first quarter, which generally has a negative impact on that quarter. We believe that direct selling is also generally negatively impacted during the third quarter, when many individuals, including our sales force, traditionally take vacations.
Prior to making a key product generally available for purchase, we may do one or more introductory offerings of the product, such as a preview of the product to our Sales Leaders, a limited-time offer, or other product introduction or promotion. These offerings may generate significant activity and a high level of purchasing, which can result in a higher-than-normal increase in revenue, Sales Leaders and/or Customers during the quarter and can skew year-over-year and sequential comparisons.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Constant-currency revenue change is a non-GAAP financial measure that removes the impact of fluctuations in foreign-currency exchange rates, thereby facilitating period-to-period comparisons of the Company’s performance. It is calculated by translating the current period’s revenue at the same average exchange rates in effect during the applicable prior-year period and then comparing that amount to the prior-year period’s revenue. We believe that constant-currency revenue change is useful to investors, lenders and analysts because such information enables them to gauge the impact of foreign-currency fluctuations on our revenue from period to period.
Available Information
Our website address is www.nuskin.com. We make available, free of charge on our Investor Relations website, ir.nuskin.com, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.
We also use our Investor Relations website, ir.nuskin.com, as a channel of distribution of additional Company information that may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor this channel, in addition to following our press releases, Securities and Exchange Commission filings and public conference calls and webcasts. The contents of our website shall not be deemed to be incorporated herein by reference.
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ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Currency Risk and Exchange Rate Information
A majority of our revenue and many of our expenses are recognized outside of the United States, except for inventory purchases, a significant portion of which are primarily transacted in U.S. dollars from vendors in the United States. The local currency of each of our Subsidiaries’ primary markets is considered the functional currency with the exception of our Asia product-distribution subsidiary in Singapore and, as discussed below, our subsidiary in Argentina. All revenue and expenses are translated at weighted-average exchange rates for the periods reported. Therefore, our reported revenue and earnings will be positively impacted by a weakening of the U.S. dollar and will be negatively impacted by a strengthening of the U.S. dollar. These impacts may be significant because a large portion of our business is derived from outside of the United States. Given the uncertainty of exchange rate fluctuations, it is difficult to predict the effect of these fluctuations on our future business, product pricing and results of operations or financial condition.
In the second quarter of 2018, published inflation indices indicated that the three-year cumulative inflation in Argentina exceeded 100 percent, and as of July 1, 2018, we elected to adopt highly inflationary accounting for our subsidiary in Argentina. Under highly inflationary accounting, the functional currency for our subsidiary in Argentina became the U.S. dollar, and the income statement and balance sheet for this subsidiary have been measured in U.S. dollars using both current and historical rates of exchange. The effect of changes in exchange rates on peso-denominated monetary assets and liabilities has been reflected in earnings in Other income (expense), net and was not material. As of June 30, 2021, our subsidiary in Argentina had a small net peso monetary position. Net sales of our subsidiary in Argentina were less than 2% of our consolidated net sales for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020.
We may seek to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates through the use of foreign currency exchange contracts and through intercompany loans of foreign currency. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We regularly monitor our foreign currency risks and periodically take measures to reduce the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations on our operating results. As of June 30, 2021 and 2020, we did not hold non-designated mark-to-market forward derivative contracts to hedge foreign denominated intercompany positions or third party foreign debt. As of June 30, 2021, and 2020 we did not hold any forward contracts designated as foreign currency cash flow hedges. We continue to evaluate our foreign currency hedging policy.
For additional information about our market risk see Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements contained in this Quarterly Report.

ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on that evaluation, our CEO and our CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2021.
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting.
We made no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There have been no material developments concerning the matters discussed in the “Legal Proceedings” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2020 fiscal year. Please refer to Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements contained in this report for certain information regarding our legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS

The information presented below supplements and should be read in conjunction with the detailed discussion of risks associated with our business in our recent SEC filings, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2020 fiscal year and subsequent reports.
Laws and regulations may prohibit or severely restrict direct selling and cause our revenue and profitability to decline, and regulators could adopt new regulations that harm our business.
Various government agencies throughout the world regulate direct sales practices. Laws and regulations in Japan, South Korea and Mainland China are particularly stringent and subject to broad discretion in enforcement by regulators. These laws and regulations are generally intended to prevent fraudulent or deceptive schemes, often referred to as “pyramid schemes,” that compensate participants primarily for recruiting additional participants without significant emphasis on product sales to consumers. The laws and regulations in our current markets often:

| ● | impose requirements related to sign-up, order cancellations, product returns, inventory buy-backs and cooling-off periods for our sales force and consumers;

| ● | require us, or our sales force, to register with government agencies;

| ● | impose limits on the amount of sales compensation we can pay;

| ● | impose reporting requirements; and

| ● | require that our sales force is compensated primarily for selling products and not for recruiting others.

Complying with these widely varying and sometimes inconsistent rules and regulations can be difficult, time-consuming and expensive, and may require significant resources. The laws and regulations governing direct selling are modified from time to time, and like other direct selling companies, we are subject from time to time to government inquiries and investigations in our various markets related to our direct selling activities. This can require us to make changes to our business model and aspects of our sales compensation plan in the markets impacted by such changes and investigations. In June 2021, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) announced that it is initiating a review of its Business Opportunity Rule, which imposes certain obligations on business opportunity sellers in their dealings with prospective buyers. Currently, multi-level marketing companies are exempted from this rule. If this exemption is eliminated or if new regulations are adopted for multi-level marketing companies, it could negatively impact the growth of our sales force and our revenue. In addition, markets where we currently do business could change their laws or regulations to prohibit direct selling. If we are unable to obtain necessary licenses and certifications within required deadlines or continue business in existing markets or commence operations in new markets because of these laws, our revenue and profitability may decline. Any delay could negatively impact our revenue.
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Epidemics, including the recent outbreak of COVID-19, and other crises have and may continue to negatively impact our business.
Due to the person-to-person nature of direct selling, our results of operations have been, and will likely continue to be, harmed if the fear of a communicable and rapidly spreading disease or other crises such as natural disasters result in travel restrictions or cause people to avoid group meetings or gatherings or interaction with other people. It is difficult to predict the impact on our business, if any, of the emergence of new epidemics or other crises. The outbreak of COVID-19 and resulting pandemic resulted in significant contraction of economies around the world and interrupted global supply chains as many governments issued stay-at-home orders to combat COVID-19. Government-imposed restrictions and public hesitance regarding in-person gatherings, travel and visiting public places have reduced our sales force’s ability to hold sales meetings, resulted in cancellations of key sales leader events and incentive trips, and required us to temporarily close our walk-in and fulfillment locations in some markets where we have such properties. The outbreak has also impacted our ability to obtain some ingredients and packaging as well as ship products in some markets. Our supply chain and logistics have incurred some interruptions and cost impacts to date, and we could experience more significant interruptions and cost impacts or face more significant closures in the future. These factors and other events related to COVID-19 have negatively impacted our sales and operations and will likely continue to negatively affect our business and our financial results. Although some of the negative impacts of COVID-19 have recently improved, this situation continues to be fluid and there is uncertainty regarding its duration and future impacts. For example, the delta variant or other variants have caused some of the pandemic’s negative impacts to worsen or return. In addition, the productivity of our sales force could be negatively impacted as restrictions are lifted and our sales force is able to more freely travel and take vacations.
Any significant decline in our operating results in the future could also adversely affect our financial position and liquidity. Under the terms of our existing credit facility, we are required to maintain certain interest coverage and leverage ratios. In addition, our outstanding borrowings under our credit facility and related term loan impose debt service and amortization requirements. A significant deterioration in our results of operations in the future as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic could impact our ability to comply with our financial covenants and debt service and amortization obligations, which could result in an event of default under the terms of our credit facility. An event of default under our credit facility could result in an inability to access funding under the agreement and the acceleration of our obligations, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and liquidity.
In addition, regulatory authorities closely scrutinize the product- and earnings-related claims made by direct-selling companies and their sales force, including claims related to the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, during 2020, the FTC issued letters that warned several direct-selling companies to remove and address claims that they or members of their sales force were making about their products’ ability to treat or prevent COVID-19 and/or about the earnings that people who have recently lost income could make. Although we take steps to educate our Brand Affiliates on proper claims, if our Brand Affiliates make improper claims, or if regulators determine we are making any improper claims, this could lead to an FTC investigation and could harm our business and reputation.
Difficult economic conditions could harm our business.
Difficult economic conditions, such as high unemployment levels, inflation, or recession, could adversely affect our business by causing a decline in demand for our products, particularly if the economic conditions are prolonged or worsen. For example, an increase in oil prices would likely cause our shipping expenses to increase, which would negatively affect our profitability. In addition, economic conditions may adversely impact access to capital for us and our suppliers, may decrease the ability of our sales force and consumers to obtain or maintain credit cards, and may otherwise adversely impact our operations and overall financial condition. There also appears to be increased concerns about potential inflationary pressures, which could have a negative impact on our business if it impacts the discretionary spending of our consumers.
Our business could be negatively impacted by corporate citizenship and sustainability matters.
There are increased expectations and focus from certain investors, Brand Affiliates, consumers, employees and other stakeholders concerning corporate citizenship and sustainability matters, including environmental, social and governance matters; packaging; responsible sourcing; and diversity, equity and inclusion matters. From time to time, we announce certain initiatives and goals in these areas. We could fail, or be perceived to fail, in our achievement of such initiatives or goals or in stakeholders’ expectations, or we could fail in accurately reporting our progress on such initiatives, goals and expectations. Moreover, the standards by which corporate citizenship and sustainability efforts and related matters are measured are developing and evolving, and certain areas are subject to assumptions. The standards or assumptions could change over time. In addition, we could be criticized for the scope of our initiatives or goals or perceived as not acting responsibly in connection with these matters. Any such matters, or related corporate citizenship and sustainability matters, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

|  | (a) |  |  | (b) |  |  | (c) |  |  | (d) |
Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions)(1) |
April 1 - 30, 2021 |  |  | 115,209 |  |  | $ | 52.44 |  |  |  | 115,209 |  |  | $ | 269.4 |
May 1 - 31, 2021 |  |  | 66,299 |  |  |  | 56.83 |  |  |  | 66,299 |  |  | $ | 265.6 |
June 1 - 30, 2021 |  |  | 3,215 |  |  |  | 60.45 |  |  |  | 3,215 |  |  | $ | 265.4 |
Total |  |  | 184,723 |  |  | $ | 54.16 |  |  |  | 184,723 |  |  |  |  |

(1) | In August 2018, we announced that our board of directors approved a stock repurchase plan. Under this plan, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $500 million of our outstanding Class A common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.

ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable.

ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION

On August 3, 2021, the Compensation and Human Capital Committee (the “Committee”) of the Company’s Board of Directors adjusted the compensation of Mark H. Lawrence, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, due to additional responsibilities he recently assumed. Mr. Lawrence’s salary was increased to $575,000, effective September 1, 2021, and the Committee currently anticipates increasing the grant value of Mr. Lawrence’s annual equity incentive award to approximately $1,300,000 in 2022.
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ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS

Exhibits Regulation S-K Number |  | Description
31.1 |  | Certification by Ritch N. Wood, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 |  | Certification by Mark H. Lawrence, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1 |  | Certification by Ritch N. Wood, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 |  | Certification by Mark H. Lawrence, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
August 4, 2021

NU SKIN ENTERPRISES, INC.
By: | /s/ Mark H. Lawrence |
| Mark H. Lawrence |
| Chief Financial Officer |
| (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |

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