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Leases | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract] |
Leases | Leases The Company has lease arrangements, both as a lessor and a lessee, and makes assumptions and judgments when assessing contracts for lease components, determining lease classifications and calculating right-of-use asset and lease liability values. These assumptions and judgements may include the useful lives and fair values of the leased assets, the implicit rate underlying the Company’s leases, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate or the Company’s intent to exercise or not exercise options available in lease contracts. Lease expense and other information consisted of the following (in thousands, except terms and rates):
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Lease expense |  |  |
Finance lease expense: |  |  |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | $ | 7,421 |  |  | $ | 8,486 |
Interest on lease liabilities | 1,165 |  |  | 923 |
Operating lease expense | 5,690 |  |  | 5,671 |
Short-term lease expense | 18 |  |  | 27 |
Total lease expense | $ | 14,295 |  |  | $ | 15,107 |
Supplemental cash flow information |  |  |
Finance leases: |  |  |
Operating cash outflow from finance leases | $ | 1,165 |  |  | $ | 923 |
Financing cash outflow from finance leases | $ | 7,530 |  |  | $ | 8,709 |
Finance lease liabilities arising from obtaining finance lease right-of-use assets | $ | 7,183 |  |  | $ | 6,655 |
Operating leases: |  |  |
Operating cash outflow from operating leases | $ | 5,574 |  |  | $ | 4,556 |
Operating lease liabilities arising from obtaining operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 154 |  |  | $ | 309 |
Other information |  |  |
Finance leases: |  |  |
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) | 1.8 |  |
Weighted-average discount rate | 10.3 | % |  |
Operating leases: |  |  |
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) | 9.1 |  |
Weighted-average discount rate | 3.9 | % |  |
Operating leases The Company as the Lessee The Company leases office space for its headquarters and advertising space under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. These leases have expirations ranging from December 2024 to January 2033. Though the Company is considering renewal options on its leases nearing expiration, the Company has not recognized any renewal options as part of the current lease term as it is not reasonably certain that it will exercise its option as of December 31, 2023. The rates implicit in the Company’s operating leases are not readily determinable. Thus, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to discount lease payments to present value. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis, and is based on the Company’s secured line of credit, which may be adjusted for the specific terms and collateral of the lease. The operating lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or other restrictions or covenants that would cause the Company to incur additional significant financial obligations. These office space lease agreements contain non-lease components, which represent charges for common area maintenance, taxes and utilities. The Company has elected the practical expedient on not separating lease components from non-lease components. The Company has other leases for office space with terms less than twelve months from contract inception and no options to purchase the underlying asset. These agreements are accounted for as short-term leases in accordance with ASC 842-20-25-2. Total rent expense for office space leases was $5.5 million, $5.6 million, and $5.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and is reported gross of sublease income received. Note that rent expense amounts for periods prior to 2022 are reported under ASC 840. Future maturities of remaining lease payments included in the measurement of operating lease as of December 31, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):
Years ending December 31,
2024 | $ | 5,562 |
2025 | 5,701 |
2026 | 5,843 |
2027 | 5,989 |
2028 | 6,139 |
Thereafter | 26,695 |
Total | 55,929 |
Less: imputed interest | (9,028) |
Present value of operating lease obligations | $ | 46,901 |
The Company as the Lessor As discussed in the Revenue Recognition accounting policy, the Company provides varying quantities of phone hardware to customers without adjustments to the base subscription price. The Company is deemed a lessor in these arrangements. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company recorded lease revenues associated with phone hardware of $4.5 million, $4.2 million, and $3.3 million, respectively. In April 2023, the Company entered into a Sublease Agreement for the fourth floor of the office space currently occupied by the Company in Lehi, Utah. During the Year Ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded sublease revenues associated with this agreement of $0.7 million. These revenues are included in other income (expense) on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Finance leases The Company is the lessee in all of its finance lease arrangements. In June 2016, the Company began financing its purchases of phone hardware through lease agreements classified as finance leases. As of December 31, 2023 the Company had 101 executed and active lease agreements, respectively, for phone hardware. These agreements require monthly payments ranging from approximately $55 to $21,473 and have maturity dates ranging from January 2024 to November 2026. As of December 31, 2023, the gross value of phone hardware acquired under these capital leases approximated $20.8 million. Amortization expense on finance-leased phone hardware was $7.4 million, $8.5 million, and $8.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, which is included in the depreciation expense referenced in Note 5. Future minimum lease payments for the Company’s finance leases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
Years ending December 31,
2024 | $ | 7,482 |
2025 | 4,519 |
2026 | 2,153 |
2027 | — |
2028 | — |
Thereafter | — |
Total | 14,154 |
Less amounts representing interest | (1,512) |
Present value of finance lease obligations | $ | 12,642 |
Leases | Leases The Company has lease arrangements, both as a lessor and a lessee, and makes assumptions and judgments when assessing contracts for lease components, determining lease classifications and calculating right-of-use asset and lease liability values. These assumptions and judgements may include the useful lives and fair values of the leased assets, the implicit rate underlying the Company’s leases, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate or the Company’s intent to exercise or not exercise options available in lease contracts. Lease expense and other information consisted of the following (in thousands, except terms and rates):
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Lease expense |  |  |
Finance lease expense: |  |  |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | $ | 7,421 |  |  | $ | 8,486 |
Interest on lease liabilities | 1,165 |  |  | 923 |
Operating lease expense | 5,690 |  |  | 5,671 |
Short-term lease expense | 18 |  |  | 27 |
Total lease expense | $ | 14,295 |  |  | $ | 15,107 |
Supplemental cash flow information |  |  |
Finance leases: |  |  |
Operating cash outflow from finance leases | $ | 1,165 |  |  | $ | 923 |
Financing cash outflow from finance leases | $ | 7,530 |  |  | $ | 8,709 |
Finance lease liabilities arising from obtaining finance lease right-of-use assets | $ | 7,183 |  |  | $ | 6,655 |
Operating leases: |  |  |
Operating cash outflow from operating leases | $ | 5,574 |  |  | $ | 4,556 |
Operating lease liabilities arising from obtaining operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 154 |  |  | $ | 309 |
Other information |  |  |
Finance leases: |  |  |
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) | 1.8 |  |
Weighted-average discount rate | 10.3 | % |  |
Operating leases: |  |  |
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) | 9.1 |  |
Weighted-average discount rate | 3.9 | % |  |
Operating leases The Company as the Lessee The Company leases office space for its headquarters and advertising space under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. These leases have expirations ranging from December 2024 to January 2033. Though the Company is considering renewal options on its leases nearing expiration, the Company has not recognized any renewal options as part of the current lease term as it is not reasonably certain that it will exercise its option as of December 31, 2023. The rates implicit in the Company’s operating leases are not readily determinable. Thus, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to discount lease payments to present value. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis, and is based on the Company’s secured line of credit, which may be adjusted for the specific terms and collateral of the lease. The operating lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or other restrictions or covenants that would cause the Company to incur additional significant financial obligations. These office space lease agreements contain non-lease components, which represent charges for common area maintenance, taxes and utilities. The Company has elected the practical expedient on not separating lease components from non-lease components. The Company has other leases for office space with terms less than twelve months from contract inception and no options to purchase the underlying asset. These agreements are accounted for as short-term leases in accordance with ASC 842-20-25-2. Total rent expense for office space leases was $5.5 million, $5.6 million, and $5.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and is reported gross of sublease income received. Note that rent expense amounts for periods prior to 2022 are reported under ASC 840. Future maturities of remaining lease payments included in the measurement of operating lease as of December 31, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):
Years ending December 31,
2024 | $ | 5,562 |
2025 | 5,701 |
2026 | 5,843 |
2027 | 5,989 |
2028 | 6,139 |
Thereafter | 26,695 |
Total | 55,929 |
Less: imputed interest | (9,028) |
Present value of operating lease obligations | $ | 46,901 |
The Company as the Lessor As discussed in the Revenue Recognition accounting policy, the Company provides varying quantities of phone hardware to customers without adjustments to the base subscription price. The Company is deemed a lessor in these arrangements. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company recorded lease revenues associated with phone hardware of $4.5 million, $4.2 million, and $3.3 million, respectively. In April 2023, the Company entered into a Sublease Agreement for the fourth floor of the office space currently occupied by the Company in Lehi, Utah. During the Year Ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded sublease revenues associated with this agreement of $0.7 million. These revenues are included in other income (expense) on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Finance leases The Company is the lessee in all of its finance lease arrangements. In June 2016, the Company began financing its purchases of phone hardware through lease agreements classified as finance leases. As of December 31, 2023 the Company had 101 executed and active lease agreements, respectively, for phone hardware. These agreements require monthly payments ranging from approximately $55 to $21,473 and have maturity dates ranging from January 2024 to November 2026. As of December 31, 2023, the gross value of phone hardware acquired under these capital leases approximated $20.8 million. Amortization expense on finance-leased phone hardware was $7.4 million, $8.5 million, and $8.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, which is included in the depreciation expense referenced in Note 5. Future minimum lease payments for the Company’s finance leases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
Years ending December 31,
2024 | $ | 7,482 |
2025 | 4,519 |
2026 | 2,153 |
2027 | — |
2028 | — |
Thereafter | — |
Total | 14,154 |
Less amounts representing interest | (1,512) |
Present value of finance lease obligations | $ | 12,642 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for finance leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of lessee's finance lease and maturity analysis of finance lease liability. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 842 -SubTopic 20 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//842-20/tableOfContent + Details
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- Definition The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 842 -SubTopic 20 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//842-20/tableOfContent + Details
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