During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized stock option expense of $2,487 and $4,788, respectively, for the vested portion of the stock options.

The Company recognized share-based compensation in connection with two stockholders approved equity plans. The Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) which was adopted in 2015 and later amended in 2021, and the 2024 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “LTIP”) which was adopted in 2024 and replaced the Stock Option Plan. Both plans are detailed below.

Under the Stock Option Plan the Company was authorized to grant options to officers, directors, employees and consultants, enabling them to acquire common shares of the Company upon exercise of the options. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the Stock Option Plan could not exceed 10% of the outstanding common shares at the time of the grant. The options could be granted for a maximum of five years and vested as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”). No further grants are authorized under Stock Option Plan as a result of the adoption of the LTIP. See further details on the LTIP below.

Activity of outstanding stock options under the Stock Option Plan for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:


	Number of stock options	Weighted average exercise price (CAD)
Balance, December 31, 2023	8,412,882	C$2.63
Exercisable, December 31, 2023	5,921,267	C$2.39
Granted	2,804,000	5.75
Exercised	(2,267,155)	1.06
Forfeited/expired	(300,001)	4.42
Balance, December 31, 2024	8,649,726	C$3.99

Exercisable, December 31, 2024	6,169,340	C$3.55

Exercised	(1,049,476)	1.41
Forfeited/expired	(1,764,791)	4.28
Balance, December 31, 2025	5,835,459	C$4.37
Exercisable, December 31, 2025	5,359,459	C$4.25

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

December 31, 2025

Option price per share (CAD)

Options #

Weighted average remaining life (years)

Weighted average exercise price (CAD)

Options #

Weighted average exercise price (CAD)

C$2.40 - 3.79

1,866,541

0.69

C$2.95

1,866,541

C$2.95

C$4.20 - 5.76

3,968,918

1.42

C$5.03

3,492,918

C$4.94

5,835,459

2.11

C$4.37

5,359,459

C$4.25

As of December 31, 2025, the aggregate intrinsic value of all outstanding stock options granted and vested under the Stock Option Plan was estimated at $516. As of December 31, 2025, the unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options under the Stock Option Plan was $265, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.4 years.


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (CAD)
Outstanding, December 31, 2023	2,491,616	C$1.85
Granted	2,804,000	2.78
Vested	(2,588,666)	2.18
Forfeited	(226,564)	2.28
Outstanding, December 31, 2024	2,480,386	C$2.52

Vested	(1,415,386)	2.45
Forfeited	(589,000)	2.46
Outstanding, December 31, 2025	476,000	C$2.79

The Company granted an aggregate of 2,804,000 stock options to directors, officers, employees, and an accounting advisory consultant of the Company under the Stock Option Plan during the year ended December 31, 2024. A fair value of $5,695 was calculated for these options as measured at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model during the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company’s standard stock option vesting schedule calls for 25% every six months commencing six months after the grant date.

In August 2024, the Company adopted the LTIP to replace the Stock Option Plan. Awards previously issued and outstanding pursuant to the Stock Option Plan will continue to be governed by the Stock Option Plan.

The number of common shares reserved for issuance pursuant to awards granted under the LTIP will not, in the aggregate, exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares at the time of the grant. No award, other than an option, may vest before the date that is one year following the date on which the award is granted, except in the case of accelerated vesting as defined in the LTIP.


	Number of stock options	Weighted average exercise price (USD)
Balance, December 31, 2023	-	$	-
Granted	225,000	$	4.07


Balance, December 31, 2024	225,000	$	4.07
Granted	1,060,000	3.21

Forfeited/expired	(225,000)	4.07
Balance, December 31, 2025	1,060,000	$	3.21
Exercisable, December 31, 2025	-	$	-


			Options Outstanding			Options Exercisable
			December 31, 2025			December 31, 2025
Option price per share		Options #	Weighted average remaining life (years)	Weighted average exercise price (USD)		Options #	Weighted average exercise price (USD)
$	3.21	1,060,000	4.63	$	3.21	-	$	-


		1,060,000	4.63	$3.21		-	$0.00


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (USD)
Outstanding, December 31, 2023	-	$	-
Granted	225,000	4.23


Outstanding, December 31, 2024	225,000	$	4.23
Granted	1,060,000	3.21

Forfeited	(225,000)	4.23
Outstanding and unvested, December 31, 2025	1,060,000	$	3.21

As of December 31, 2025, the aggregate intrinsic value of all outstanding stock options granted and vested under the LTIP was estimated at $11. As of December 31, 2025, the unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options under the LTIP was $1,454, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.6 years.

A fair value of $3,403 was calculated for these options as measured at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model during year ended December 31, 2025. There were 1,060,000 stock options granted under the LTIP during the year ended December 31, 2025. The weighted average assumptions used in calculating the fair values as of December 31, 2025, are as follows:


	December 31, 2025

Exercise price	$3.21
Share price	$3.21
Risk-free rate	3.62	%
Expected life (in years)	3.33
Expected volatility	74.30	%
Expected dividend yield	0.00	%
Weighted average fair value	$1.68

The Company has elected to utilize the simplified method for determining the expected life of the options. This is due to the stock options granted being considered “plain vanilla” in accordance with SAB Topic 14 in ASC 718. This simplified method allows for the average of the vesting period and contractual life.

Under the LTIP, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) may be granted to the participants and generally vest over multi-year service periods, typically two to five years for officers, employees and consultants and annually for directors.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company granted 4,024,208 RSUs to officers and directors under its LTIP. The following table summarizes the Company’s RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2025:


	Number of RSUs	Weighted Average Remaining Vesting Term (years)	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (USD)
Balance, December 31, 2024	-	-	$	-

Granted	4,024,208	2.65	3.36

Forfeited	(97,783)	-	3.47
Balance, December 31, 2025	3,926,425	2.42	$	3.36

The Company recognized $1,716 of compensation expense related to RSUs during the year ended December 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2025, unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs was $11,428, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.42 years.