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Recently adopted accounting standards and recently issued accounting pronouncements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Changes And Error Corrections [Abstract] |
Recently adopted accounting standards and recently issued accounting pronouncements |
2. | Recently adopted accounting standards and recently issued accounting pronouncements
Adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2014-09. Topic 606 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and requires entities to recognize revenue when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method. Results for prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under the previous revenue recognition standard, Topic 605. See Note 15 for further details. Adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10), and ASU 2018-03, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10) In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, which was then further clarified in ASU 2018-03, in February 2018. This guidance requires entities to generally measure equity investments at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net income. However, for certain equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values, the new guidance allows companies to measure these investments using a new measurement alternative, which values the investments at cost, less any impairments, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The Company prospectively adopted both ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03 during the first quarter of 2018 now uses the new measurement alternative for the Company’s equity investments in Bone Biologics, Inc. (“Bone Biologics”), which have historically been held at cost. This resulted in an increase in the previously recorded value of the Company’s equity investments in Bone Biologics, which was recorded within other current assets or other long-term assets and other income, of $1.6 million, or $0.09 per share before taxes, during the three months ended March 31, 2018. During the three months ended September 30, 2018, Bone Biologics completed a series of equity financing activities, which provided a new observable price change in an orderly transaction. As a result, the Company determined its investment to be impaired and recorded a charge of $4.4 million in other expense, net, during the third quarter of 2018. See Note 11 for further details. Adoption of ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, which reduces diversity in practice of accounting for intra-entity transfers of assets, particularly for intra-entity transfers of intellectual property. The new standard states an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer when the transfer occurs, as opposed to historical U.S. GAAP guidance which prohibited the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset had been sold to an outside party. During the third and fourth quarters of 2017, the Company executed two intra-entity asset transfers that resulted in prepaid income taxes of $8.6 million. The Company adopted this new standard using a modified retrospective approach as of January 1, 2018, which resulted in a reduction of prepaid income taxes of $8.6 million and an increase in deferred tax assets of $6.7 million, with these changes offset by an adjustment to the Company's retained earnings of $1.9 million. Adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact to the Company’s consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income or to its consolidated statements of cash flows. Adoption of ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, which reduces diversity in classification and presentation of restricted cash, including transfers between cash and restricted cash, on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2018 using a retrospective transition approach. Adoption of this ASU resulted in an increase in net cash from operating activities of $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, a decrease in net cash from operating activities of $14.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, and an increase in net cash from operating activities of $14.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. Adoption of ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, which clarifies the definition of a business. This amendment states that when substantially all of the fair value of gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, that the set of assets acquired is not a business, which will likely result in more acquisitions being accounted for as asset acquisitions rather than business combinations. Based upon this guidance, which the Company adopted as of January 1, 2018, the Company accounted for certain transactions during 2018 totaling $3.4 million as asset acquisitions, recognized within patents and other intangible assets, net, rather than business combinations, as the sets of assets acquired did not meet the definition of a business. Recently issued accounting standards
Topic |  | Description of Guidance |  | Effective Date |  | Status of Company's Evaluation
Leases (ASU 2016-02 and other related updates) |  | Requires a lessee to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for leases classified as operating leases. Applied using a modified retrospective approach. An entity can choose to apply the provisions at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements or at the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company expects to apply the provisions at the beginning of the period of adoption, January 1, 2019. |  | January 1, 2019 |  | The Company established a cross-functional implementation team to analyze the impact of the standard on the Company's population of leases and to evaluate the Company's current accounting policies relating to leases. The Company has evaluated the impact of this ASU, which will result in current operating leases being reflected on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company expects to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities of approximately $20 million as of January 1, 2019. The Company does not expect material impacts to its consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income or to the consolidated statements of cash flows. Additionally, this guidance will materially change the Company's disclosures, requiring the Company to provide users more quantitative and qualitative information about the Company's leases, any significant judgments required in applying the ASU, and amounts recognized within the consolidated financial statements related to the Company's leases.
Goodwill (ASU 2017-04) |  | Eliminates Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment loss will instead be measured at the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the recorded amount of goodwill. Applied on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. |  | January 1, 2020 |  | The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements. However, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a significant impact on its financial statements or disclosures.
Comprehensive income (ASU 2018-02) |  | Allows entities to reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act"). Applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act is recognized. |  | January 1, 2019 |  | The Company anticipates adopting this ASU on January 1, 2019. The adoption will result in an increase to accumulated other comprehensive income and a decrease in retained earnings of $0.9 million.
Fair value measurement (ASU 2018-13) |  | Eliminates certain disclosures, such as the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and adds new disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements. Certain of the provisions are to be applied retrospectively with other provisions applied prospectively. |  | January 1, 2020 |  | The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.
Implementation costs in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract (ASU 2018-15) |  | Aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this update. Applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. |  | January 1, 2020 |  | The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of changes in accounting principles, including adoption of new accounting pronouncements, that describes the new methods, amount and effects on financial statement line items. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 250 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122394 + Details
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