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Share Based Payments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Summary of Stock Option Activity

The following is a summary of stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average

 

 

Aggregate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise Price

 

 

Intrinsic Value

 

 

 

Number of Options

 

 

in CAD$

 

 

in CAD$

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2016

 

 

1,969,000

 

 

$

6.00

 

 

$

8,218

 

Granted

 

 

868,902

 

 

 

11.15

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

(153,067

)

 

 

11.45

 

 

 

 

 

Cancelled

 

 

(62,689

)

 

 

13.75

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised (1)

 

 

(173,500

)

 

 

5.15

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2017

 

 

2,448,646

 

 

$

7.35

 

 

$

21,089

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

in USD$

 

 

in USD$

 

Granted

 

 

1,011,406

 

 

$

10.12

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

(53,503

)

 

 

9.89

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised (2)

 

 

(98,500

)

 

 

3.10

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2018

 

 

3,308,049

 

 

$

7.14

 

 

$

8,308

 

Exercisable as of December 31, 2018

 

 

1,918,672

 

 

$

3.18

 

 

$

7,616

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) For the year ended December 31, 2017, 20,000 stock options were exercised on a cashless basis resulting in 14,095 shares being withheld in satisfaction of the exercise price.

 

(2) For the year ended December 31, 2018, 8,500 stock options were exercised on a cashless basis resulting in 3,280 shares being withheld in satisfaction of the exercise price.

 

Summary of Stock-Based Compensation Expense is Classified in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

Stock-based compensation expense is classified in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Research and development

 

$

939

 

 

$

343

 

General and administrative

 

 

7,156

 

 

 

1,475

 

 

 

$

8,095

 

 

$

1,818

 

Employee and Director Stock Options  
Summary of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable

The following table summarizes stock options outstanding and exercisable by employees and directors as of December 31, 2018:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

 

Remaining

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of

 

Options

 

 

 

 

Contractual Life

 

 

Exercise

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Grant Date

 

 

Options

 

Outstanding

 

 

Expiration Date

 

(In Years)

 

 

Price

 

 

Post Modification (1)

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Exercisable

 

 

360,000

 

 

June 18, 2019

 

 

0.46

 

 

$

2.77

 

 

$

6.62

 

 

$

 

 

 

360,000

 

 

80,000

 

 

June 18, 2019

 

 

0.46

 

 

$

2.77

 

 

$

6.62

 

 

$

 

 

 

80,000

 

 

20,000

 

 

December 8, 2019

 

 

0.94

 

 

$

12.72

 

 

$

2.18

 

 

$

 

 

 

20,000

 

 

80,000

 

 

December 8, 2019

 

 

0.94

 

 

$

12.72

 

 

$

2.18

 

 

$

 

 

 

80,000

 

 

20,000

 

 

March 16, 2020

 

 

1.21

 

 

$

12.52

 

 

$

2.43

 

 

$

 

 

 

20,000

 

 

150,000

 

 

October 21, 2020

 

 

1.81

 

 

$

3.20

 

 

$

6.57

 

 

$

 

 

 

150,000

 

 

20,000

 

 

December 31, 2020

 

 

2.00

 

 

$

4.48

 

 

$

5.86

 

 

$

 

 

 

20,000

 

 

595,000

 

 

July 13, 2020

 

 

1.53

 

 

$

5.35

 

 

$

5.18

 

 

$

 

 

 

595,000

 

 

20,000

 

 

August 8, 2020

 

 

1.60

 

 

$

4.98

 

 

$

5.42

 

 

$

 

 

 

20,000

 

 

617,000

 

 

April 17, 2027

 

 

8.29

 

 

$

8.13

 

 

$

7.54

 

 

$

 

 

 

154,250

 

 

6,146

 

 

May 18, 2027

 

 

8.37

 

 

$

7.35

 

 

$

4.75

 

 

$

 

 

 

4,610

 

 

10,000

 

 

May 18, 2027

 

 

8.37

 

 

$

7.35

 

 

$

7.65

 

 

$

 

 

 

2,500

 

 

30,000

 

 

August 8, 2027

 

 

8.60

 

 

$

10.38

 

 

$

7.38

 

 

$

 

 

 

7,500

 

 

25,000

 

 

April 9, 2028

 

 

9.27

 

 

$

9.03

 

 

$

8.01

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

337,500

 

 

May 15, 2028

 

 

9.37

 

 

$

10.99

 

 

$

7.89

 

 

$

 

 

 

85,313

 

 

150,000

 

 

July 9, 2028

 

 

9.52

 

 

$

9.69

 

 

$

 

 

$

6.83

 

 

 

 

 

75,726

 

 

August 22, 2028

 

 

9.64

 

 

$

10.23

 

 

$

 

 

$

7.21

 

 

 

 

 

13,177

 

 

September 4, 2028

 

 

9.67

 

 

$

10.19

 

 

$

 

 

$

7.19

 

 

 

 

 

50,000

 

 

September 10, 2028

 

 

9.69

 

 

$

10.34

 

 

$

 

 

$

7.30

 

 

 

 

 

50,000

 

 

September 24, 2028

 

 

9.73

 

 

$

9.71

 

 

$

 

 

$

6.79

 

 

 

 

 

1,500

 

 

October 8, 2028

 

 

9.76

 

 

$

8.25

 

 

$

 

 

$

5.84

 

 

 

 

 

75,000

 

 

October 15, 2028

 

 

9.78

 

 

$

8.75

 

 

$

 

 

$

6.19

 

 

 

 

 

100,000

 

 

October 22, 2028

 

 

9.80

 

 

$

10.16

 

 

$

 

 

$

7.20

 

 

 

 

 

10,000

 

 

October 29, 2028

 

 

9.82

 

 

$

9.71

 

 

$

 

 

$

6.87

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

 

 

November 19, 2028

 

 

9.88

 

 

$

8.00

 

 

$

 

 

$

5.66

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

 

 

December 3, 2028

 

 

9.92

 

 

$

8.66

 

 

$

 

 

$

6.13

 

 

 

 

 

15,000

 

 

December 17, 2028

 

 

9.96

 

 

$

9.42

 

 

$

 

 

$

6.66

 

 

 

 

 

2,951,049

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,599,172

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) Reflects fair value of modified stock options on August 8, 2018

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Estimation Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model With Following Weighted Average Assumptions The fair value of employee and director stock options granted for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 had a weighted average grant date fair value of $7.78 and CAD$4.34 per option, respectively, and they were estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Stock price

 

$11.21

 

 

CAD$10.40

 

Exercise price

 

$10.12

 

 

CAD$10.85

 

Expected term

 

6.25 years

 

 

6.25 years

 

Expected volatility

 

 

78.99

%

 

 

90.84

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

2.67

%

 

 

1.06

%

Dividend rate

 

 

0.00

%

 

 

0.00

%

 

Consultants Stock Option  
Summary of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable

The following table summarizes stock options outstanding and exercisable by consultants as of December 31, 2018:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

 

Remaining

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of

 

Options

 

 

 

 

Contractual Life

 

 

Exercise

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Grant Date

 

 

Options

 

Outstanding

 

 

Expiration Date

 

(In Years)

 

 

Price

 

 

Post Modification (1)

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Exercisable

 

 

80,000

 

 

June 18, 2019

 

 

0.46

 

 

$

2.77

 

 

$

6.62

 

 

$

 

 

 

80,000

 

 

30,000

 

 

December 8, 2019

 

 

0.94

 

 

$

12.72

 

 

$

2.18

 

 

$

 

 

 

30,000

 

 

72,000

 

 

October 3, 2020

 

 

1.76

 

 

$

5.15

 

 

$

5.35

 

 

$

 

 

 

72,000

 

 

110,000

 

 

October 28, 2020

 

 

1.82

 

 

$

3.18

 

 

$

6.59

 

 

$

 

 

 

110,000

 

 

20,000

 

 

May 18, 2027

 

 

8.37

 

 

$

7.35

 

 

$

7.65

 

 

$

 

 

 

5,000

 

 

15,000

 

 

August 8, 2027

 

 

8.60

 

 

$

10.38

 

 

$

7.38

 

 

$

 

 

 

3,750

 

 

15,000

 

 

November 6, 2027

 

 

8.84

 

 

$

16.20

 

 

$

6.98

 

 

$

 

 

 

3,750

 

 

15,000

 

 

August 22, 2028

 

 

9.64

 

 

$

10.23

 

 

$

 

 

$

8.87

 

 

 

15,000

 

 

357,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

319,500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) Reflects fair value of modified stock options on August 8, 2018

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Estimation Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model With Following Weighted Average Assumptions Stock options granted to the Company’s consultants for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 had a weighted average grant date fair value of $8.87 and CAD$3.88 per share, respectively, and they were estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

   

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Stock price

 

$10.23

 

 

CAD$12.15

 

Exercise price

 

$10.23

 

 

CAD$12.20

 

Option term

 

10 years

 

 

10 years

 

Expected volatility

 

 

90.17

%

 

 

91.02

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

2.82

%

 

 

1.60

%

Dividend rate

 

 

0.00

%

 

 

0.00

%

Non-employee Liability  
Estimation Using Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model With Following Weighted Average Assumptions

The fair value of non-employee stock options previously classified as liabilities and recorded as derivative financial instruments which were subsequently reclassified to equity following the modification of stock option previously on August 8, 2018 were estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions as of August 8, 2018 and December 31, 2017:

 

 

 

August 8, 2018

 

 

December 31, 2017

 

Stock price

 

CAD$12.14

 

 

CAD$15.95

 

Exercise price

 

CAD$4.383

 

 

CAD$4.30

 

Expected life

 

0.93 years

 

 

1.51 years

 

Expected volatility

 

 

73.18

%

 

 

61.58

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

1.95

%

 

 

1.61

%

Dividend rate

 

 

0.00

%

 

 

0.00

%

Summary of Non-Employee Stock Options Accounted for As Derivative Financial Instruments

The following table summarizes non-employee stock options that had been accounted for as derivative financial instruments during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2017

 

Fair value of non-employee stock options at beginning of year

 

$

2,637

 

 

$

1,617

 

Exercise of non-employee options

 

 

(737

)

 

 

(156

)

Cancelled

 

 

 

 

 

(294

)

Foreign exchange gains

 

 

(38

)

 

 

 

Change in fair value of non-employee stock options during

   the year

 

 

(656

)

 

 

1,470

 

Reclassification to additional paid-in capital

 

 

(1,206

)

 

 

 

Fair value of non-employee stock options at end of year

 

$

 

 

$

2,637

 

Restricted Stock Units  
Summary of Company’s Restricted Stock Unit Activity

The following is a summary of the Company’s RSU activity for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:

 

 

 

Number of Restricted Stock Units

 

 

Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit (CAD)

 

Outstanding as of January 1, 2017

 

 

 

 

$

 

Granted

 

 

8,097

 

 

 

10.00

 

Forfeited

 

 

(3,182

)

 

 

10.00

 

Vested and settled during 2017 (1)

 

 

(2,987

)

 

 

10.00

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2017

 

 

1,928

 

 

$

10.00

 

Vested and settled during 2018 (2)

 

 

(964

)

 

 

10.00

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2018

 

 

964

 

 

$

10.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) Includes 723 RSUs withheld to satisfy required withholding taxes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2) Includes 259 RSUs withheld to satisfy required withholding taxes.