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Note 5 - Investment Securities | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Notes to Financial Statements |
Investments in Debt and Marketable Equity Securities (and Certain Trading Assets) Disclosure [Text Block] | NOTE 5 Investment Securities As of December 31, 2024, the fair value of the Company’s trading securities was $3.3 million. There were no trading securities as of December 31, 2023. The following tables present amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, ACL, and fair value of the AFS investment securities and HTM investment securities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
|  | December 31, 2024 |
|  | Amortized |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Allowance for |  |  | Fair |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Cost |  |  | Gains |  |  | Losses |  |  | Credit Losses |  |  | Value |
Available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury and agencies |  | $ | 30,691 |  |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | (2 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 30,707 |
Mortgage backed securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential agency |  |  | 596,510 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (92,805 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 503,706 |
Commercial |  |  | 1,350 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (99 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,251 |
Asset backed securities |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19 |
Corporate bonds |  |  | 57,986 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,616 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 52,370 |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  |  | 686,556 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | (98,522 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 588,053 |
Held-to-maturity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of state and political agencies |  |  | 119,623 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (11,638 | ) |  |  | 77 |  |  |  | 107,985 |
Mortgage backed securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential agency |  |  | 156,093 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (27,092 | ) |  |  | 54 |  |  |  | 129,001 |
Total held-to-maturity investment securities |  |  | 275,716 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (38,730 | ) |  |  | 131 |  |  |  | 236,986 |
Total investment securities |  | $ | 962,272 |  |  | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | (137,252 | ) |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 825,039 |
|  | December 31, 2023 |
|  | Amortized |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Allowance for |  |  | Fair |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Cost |  |  | Gains |  |  | Losses |  |  | Credit Losses |  |  | Value |
Available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury and agencies |  | $ | 1,119 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | (3 | ) |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 1,120 |
Mortgage backed securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential agency |  |  | 524,140 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (88,547 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 435,594 |
Commercial |  |  | 1,476 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (123 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,353 |
Asset backed securities |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 25 |
Corporate bonds |  |  | 57,993 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (9,349 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 48,644 |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  |  | 584,754 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | (98,023 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 486,736 |
Held-to-maturity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of state and political agencies |  |  | 129,603 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12,613 | ) |  |  | 114 |  |  |  | 116,990 |
Mortgage backed securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential agency |  |  | 170,125 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (28,498 | ) |  |  | 99 |  |  |  | 141,627 |
Total held-to-maturity investment securities |  |  | 299,728 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (41,111 | ) |  |  | 213 |  |  |  | 258,617 |
Total investment securities |  | $ | 884,482 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | (139,134 | ) |  | $ | 213 |  |  | $ | 745,353 |
​ The adequacy of the ACL on investment securities is assessed at the end of each quarter. The Company does not believe that the AFS debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2024 represent a credit loss impairment. As of both December 31, 2024 and 2023, the gross unrealized loss positions were primarily related to mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. These securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government, are widely recognized as “risk free,” and have a long history of zero credit loss. Additionally, there were corporate bonds in gross unrealized loss positions; however, all bonds had an investment grade rating as of both December 31, 2024 and 2023. Total gross unrealized losses were attributable to changes in interest rates, relative to when the investment securities were purchased, and not due to the credit quality of the investment securities. The Company does not intend to sell the investment securities that were in an unrealized loss position and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investment securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. ​ The ACL on HTM debt securities is estimated using relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable supportable forecasts. Using a probability of default and loss given default analysis, an ACL was established in the amount of $131 thousand and $213 thousand as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on AFS investment securities and HTM investment securities is recorded in accrued interest receivable and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. As of December 31, 2024, the accrued interest receivable on AFS investment securities and HTM investment securities totaled $2.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the accrued interest receivable on AFS investment securities and HTM investment securities totaled $1.5 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Proceeds from the sale of AFS securities for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are displayed in the table below:
|  | Year ended |
|  | December 31, |
(dollars in thousands) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Proceeds |  | $ | 130,415 |  |  | $ | 171,758 |  |  | $ | — |
Realized gains |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Realized losses |  |  | — |  |  |  | (24,643 | ) |  |  | — |
During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, there were no sales of HTM securities. The following table presents investment securities with gross unrealized losses, for which an ACL has not been recorded at December 31, 2024 and 2023, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual investment securities have been in a continuous loss position:
|  |  |  |  |  | December 31, 2024 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Less than 12 Months |  |  | Over 12 Months |  |  | Total |
|  | Number of |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Holdings |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |
Available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury and agencies |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (2 | ) |  | $ | 327 |  |  | $ | (2 | ) |  | $ | 327 |
Mortgage backed securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential agency |  |  | 124 |  |  |  | (1,715 | ) |  |  | 116,800 |  |  |  | (91,090 | ) |  |  | 386,864 |  |  |  | (92,805 | ) |  |  | 503,664 |
Commercial |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (99 | ) |  |  | 1,251 |  |  |  | (99 | ) |  |  | 1,251 |
Asset backed securities |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 18 |
Corporate bonds |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,616 | ) |  |  | 52,370 |  |  |  | (5,616 | ) |  |  | 52,370 |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  |  | 141 |  |  | $ | (1,715 | ) |  | $ | 116,800 |  |  | $ | (96,807 | ) |  | $ | 440,830 |  |  | $ | (98,522 | ) |  | $ | 557,630 |
|  |  |  |  |  | December 31, 2023 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Less than 12 Months |  |  | Over 12 Months |  |  | Total |
|  | Number of |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Holdings |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Value |
Available-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury and agencies |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | 489 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | 489 |
Mortgage backed securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential agency |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | (88,547 | ) |  |  | 435,505 |  |  |  | (88,547 | ) |  |  | 435,548 |
Commercial |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (123 | ) |  |  | 1,353 |  |  |  | (123 | ) |  |  | 1,353 |
Asset backed securities |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 25 |
Corporate bonds |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (9,349 | ) |  |  | 48,644 |  |  |  | (9,349 | ) |  |  | 48,644 |
Total available-for-sale investment securities |  |  | 129 |  |  | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | (98,020 | ) |  | $ | 485,527 |  |  | $ | (98,023 | ) |  | $ | 486,059 |
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, none of the Company’s HTM debt securities were past due or on non-accrual status. The Company did not recognize any interest income on non-accrual HTM debt securities during years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. The following table presents amortized cost and fair value of AFS investment securities and the carrying value and fair value of HTM investment securities at December 31, 2024, by contractual maturity:
|  | Held-to-maturity |  |  | Available-for-sale |
|  | Carrying |  |  | Fair |  |  | Amortized |  |  | Fair |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Value |  |  | Value |  |  | Cost |  |  | Value |
Due within one year or less |  | $ | 6,801 |  |  | $ | 6,730 |  |  | $ | 14,976 |  |  | $ | 14,980 |
Due after one year through five years |  |  | 54,832 |  |  |  | 50,924 |  |  |  | 16,710 |  |  |  | 16,622 |
Due after five years through ten years |  |  | 48,016 |  |  |  | 41,694 |  |  |  | 57,990 |  |  |  | 52,374 |
Due after 10 years |  |  | 9,974 |  |  |  | 8,637 |  |  |  | 370 |  |  |  | 371 |
|  |  | 119,623 |  |  |  | 107,985 |  |  |  | 90,046 |  |  |  | 84,347 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential agency |  |  | 156,093 |  |  |  | 129,001 |  |  |  | 596,510 |  |  |  | 503,706 |
Total investment securities |  | $ | 275,716 |  |  | $ | 236,986 |  |  | $ | 686,556 |  |  | $ | 588,053 |
Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Investment securities with a total carrying value of $340.2 million and $250.0 million, were pledged at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, to secure public deposits and for other purposes required or permitted by law. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the carrying value of the Company’s Federal Reserve Bank stock and FHLB of Des Moines stock was as follows:
|  | December 31, |  |  | December 31, |
(dollars in thousands) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Federal Reserve |  | $ | 7,519 |  |  | $ | 4,623 |
FHLB |  |  | 13,656 |  |  |  | 16,566 |
These securities can only be redeemed or sold at their par value and only to the respective issuing institution or to another member institution. The Company records these non-marketable equity securities as a component of other assets and periodically evaluates these securities for impairment. Management considers these non-marketable equity securities to be long-term investments. Accordingly, when evaluating these securities for impairment, management considers the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than recognizing temporary declines in value. Visa Class B Restricted Shares In 2008, the Company received Visa Class B restricted shares as part of Visa’s initial public offering. These shares are transferable only under limited circumstances until they can be converted into the publicly traded Class A common shares. This conversion will not occur until the settlement of certain litigation which will be indemnified by Visa members, including the Company. Visa funded an escrow account from its initial public offering to settle these litigation claims. Should this escrow account be insufficient to cover these litigation claims, Visa is entitled to fund additional amounts to the escrow account by reducing each member bank’s Class B conversion ratio to unrestricted Class A shares. As of December 31, 2024, the conversion ratio was 1.5653. Based on the existing transfer restriction and the uncertainty of the outcome of the Visa litigation mentioned above, the 6,924 Class B shares (10,838 Class A equivalents) that the Company owned as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, were carried at a zero cost basis.

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