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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

☑ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended: March 31, 2022
or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 1-12936
TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
1525 Kautz Road, Suite 600, West Chicago, IL
(Address of principal executive offices)
36-3228472
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
60185
(Zip Code)
(217) 228-6011
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.0001 par value | TWI | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Accelerated filer | ☑
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
Indicate the number of shares of Titan International, Inc. outstanding: 62,656,877 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value, as of April 25, 2022.

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
Part I. | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 3 1, 202 2 and 20 2 1 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 3 1, 202 2 and 20 21 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 3 1, 202 2 and December 31, 20 21 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Three Months Ended March 3 1, 202 2 and 202 1 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 3 1, 202 2 and 202 1 | 5
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 32
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 32
Part II. | Other Information |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 34
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 34
Item 6. | Exhibits | 35
| Signatures | 36

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands, except per share data)

| Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 555,997 |  |  | $ | 403,518 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 469,268 |  |  | 350,253 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 86,729 |  |  | 53,265 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 36,227 |  |  | 34,028 |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expenses | 2,920 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  |  |  |
Royalty expense | 2,874 |  |  | 2,453 |  |  |  |  |
Income from operations | 44,708 |  |  | 14,231 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (7,907) |  |  | (7,523) |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange gain | 5,317 |  |  | 9,477 |  |  |  |  |
Other expense | (8,859) |  |  | (368) |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes | 33,259 |  |  | 15,817 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes | 8,681 |  |  | 2,594 |  |  |  |  |
Net income | 24,578 |  |  | 13,223 |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 656 |  |  | (351) |  |  |  |  |
Net income attributable to Titan and applicable to common shareholders | $ | 23,922 |  |  | $ | 13,574 |  |  |  |  |
Income per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.37 |  |  | $ | 0.22 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted | $ | 0.37 |  |  | $ | 0.22 |  |  |  |  |
Average common shares and equivalents outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 63,860 |  |  | 61,466 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted | 64,350 |  |  | 62,414 |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
1

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands)

| Three months ended
| March 31,
| 2022 |  | 2021
Net income | $ | 24,578 |  |  | $ | 13,223 |
Derivative gain | 303 |  |  | 40 |
Currency translation adjustment, net | 17,275 |  |  | (27,178) |
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax of $(182) and $(44), respectively | 544 |  |  | 873 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | 42,700 |  |  | (13,042) |
Net comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (526) |  |  | (864) |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan | $ | 43,226 |  |  | $ | (12,178) |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
2

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(All amounts in thousands, except share data)

| March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
| (unaudited) |  |
Assets |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 98,144 |  |  | $ | 98,108 |
Accounts receivable, net | 309,411 |  |  | 255,180 |
Inventories | 424,200 |  |  | 392,615 |
Prepaid and other current assets | 79,715 |  |  | 67,401 |
Total current assets | 911,470 |  |  | 813,304 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 298,285 |  |  | 301,109 |
Operating lease assets | 12,526 |  |  | 20,945 |
Deferred income taxes | 15,888 |  |  | 16,831 |
Other long-term assets | 31,132 |  |  | 30,496 |
Total assets | $ | 1,269,301 |  |  | $ | 1,182,685 |
Liabilities |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Short-term debt | $ | 37,853 |  |  | $ | 32,500 |
Accounts payable | 302,382 |  |  | 278,099 |
Other current liabilities | 151,660 |  |  | 140,214 |
Total current liabilities | 491,895 |  |  | 450,813 |
Long-term debt | 484,600 |  |  | 452,451 |
Deferred income taxes | 4,124 |  |  | 3,978 |
Other long-term liabilities | 42,962 |  |  | 48,271 |
Total liabilities | 1,023,581 |  |  | 955,513 |
Equity |  |  |
Titan shareholders' equity |  |  |
Common stock ($0.0001 par value, 120,000,000 shares authorized, 66,525,269 issued at March 31, 2022 and 66,492,660 at December 31, 2021) | — |  |  | — |
Additional paid-in capital | 561,849 |  |  | 562,340 |
Retained deficit | (61,517) |  |  | (85,439) |
Treasury stock (at cost, 3,900,695 shares at March 31, 2022 and 80,876 shares at December 31, 2021) | (24,782) |  |  | (1,121) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (227,176) |  |  | (246,480) |
Total Titan shareholders’ equity | 248,374 |  |  | 229,300 |
Noncontrolling interests | (2,654) |  |  | (2,128) |
Total equity | 245,720 |  |  | 227,172 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 1,269,301 |  |  | $ | 1,182,685 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands, except share data)

| Number of common shares |  |  |  | Additional paid-in capital |  | Retained (deficit) earnings |  | Treasury stock |  |  |  | Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income |  | Total Titan Equity |  | Noncontrolling interest |  | Total Equity
Balance January 1, 2021 | 61,376,981 |  |  |  |  | $ | 532,742 |  |  | $ | (135,025) |  |  | $ | (1,199) |  |  |  |  | $ | (217,254) |  |  | $ | 179,264 |  |  | $ | (2,999) |  |  | $ | 176,265 |
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13,574 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13,574 |  |  | (351) |  |  | 13,223 |
Currency translation adjustment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (26,665) |  |  | (26,665) |  |  | (513) |  |  | (27,178) |
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 873 |  |  | 873 |  |  |  |  | 873 |
Derivative gain |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 40 |  |  | 40 |  |  |  |  | 40 |
Stock-based compensation | 146,322 |  |  |  |  | 487 |  |  |  |  | 82 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 569 |  |  |  |  | 569 |
Issuance of common stock under 401(k) plan | 70,416 |  |  |  |  | 340 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 340 |  |  |  |  | 340 |
Balance March 31, 2021 | 61,593,719 |  |  |  |  | $ | 533,569 |  |  | $ | (121,451) |  |  | $ | (1,117) |  |  |  |  | $ | (243,006) |  |  | $ | 167,995 |  |  | $ | (3,863) |  |  | $ | 164,132 |

| Number of common shares |  |  |  | Additional paid-in capital |  | Retained (deficit) earnings |  | Treasury stock |  |  |  | Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income |  | Total Titan Equity |  | Noncontrolling interest |  | Total Equity
Balance January 1, 2022 | 66,411,784 |  |  |  |  | $ | 562,340 |  |  | $ | (85,439) |  |  | $ | (1,121) |  |  |  |  | $ | (246,480) |  |  | $ | 229,300 |  |  | $ | (2,128) |  |  | $ | 227,172 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  | 23,922 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 23,922 |  |  | 656 |  |  | 24,578 |
Currency translation adjustment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18,457 |  |  | 18,457 |  |  | (1,182) |  |  | 17,275 |
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 544 |  |  | 544 |  |  |  |  | 544 |
Derivative gain |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 303 |  |  | 303 |  |  |  |  | 303 |
Stock-based compensation | 212,440 |  |  |  |  | (851) |  |  |  |  | 1,339 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 488 |  |  |  |  | 488 |
Issuance of common stock under 401(k) plan | 32,609 |  |  |  |  | 360 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 360 |  |  |  |  | 360 |
Common stock repurchase | (4,032,259) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (25,000) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (25,000) |  |  |  |  | (25,000) |
Balance March 31, 2022 | 62,624,574 |  |  |  |  | $ | 561,849 |  |  | $ | (61,517) |  |  | $ | (24,782) |  |  |  |  | $ | (227,176) |  |  | $ | 248,374 |  |  | $ | (2,654) |  |  | $ | 245,720 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands)

| Three months ended March 31,
Cash flows from operating activities: | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income | $ | 24,578 |  |  | $ | 13,223 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used for operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 11,348 |  |  | 12,560 |
Loss on sale of the Australian wheel business | 10,890 |  |  | — |
Deferred income tax provision (benefit) | 995 |  |  | (402) |
Gain on fixed asset and investment sale | (110) |  |  | (485) |
Stock-based compensation | 488 |  |  | 570 |
Issuance of stock under 401(k) plan | 360 |  |  | 339 |
Foreign currency gain | (5,448) |  |  | (9,571) |
(Increase) decrease in assets: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (57,332) |  |  | (63,803) |
Inventories | (34,240) |  |  | (27,313) |
Prepaid and other current assets | (9,606) |  |  | (3,297) |
Other assets | (330) |  |  | 337 |
Increase (decrease) in liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | 23,918 |  |  | 60,581 |
Other current liabilities | 13,728 |  |  | 401 |
Other liabilities | 2,244 |  |  | 898 |
Net cash used for operating activities | (18,517) |  |  | (15,962) |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (7,637) |  |  | (8,861) |
Proceeds from the sale of the Australian wheel business | 9,293 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets | 756 |  |  | 545 |
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities | 2,412 |  |  | (8,316) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from borrowings | 76,782 |  |  | 21,881 |
Repurchase of common stock | (25,000) |  |  | — |
Payment on debt | (39,483) |  |  | (12,398) |
Other financing activities | (586) |  |  | (2,409) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 11,713 |  |  | 7,074 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | 4,428 |  |  | (4,273) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 36 |  |  | (21,477) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 98,108 |  |  | 117,431 |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 98,144 |  |  | $ | 95,954 |
Supplemental information: |  |  |
Interest paid | $ | 869 |  |  | $ | 1,059 |
Income taxes paid, net of refunds received | $ | 2,083 |  |  | $ | 3,703 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the accounts of Titan International, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Titan or the Company) and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (US GAAP) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company's financial position as of March 31, 2022, and the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the Company’s latest Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 3, 2022 (the 2021 Form 10-K). All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include estimates and assumptions of management that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic impact on the Company was less during the first quarter of 2022. The Company’s operations continued with additional sanitary and other protective health measures which have increased operating costs. While the Company's operations began to return to historical levels during 2021 and continuing into the first quarter of 2022, certain geographies (particularly China) continue to remain impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic due to new and emerging variants of COVID-19 resulting in higher employee absenteeism. Further, global supply chains are experiencing constraints as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including availability and pricing of raw materials, transportation and labor. The current constraints on the global supply chains are adding complexity to growth expectations in the near term. We expect that the pandemic will continue to have some impact on the Company's operations, though the nature and extent of the impact will depend on the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, the length of time it takes for more normal economic and operating conditions to resume, additional governmental actions that may be taken and/or extensions of time for restrictions that have been imposed to date and other uncertainties.
Fair value of financial instruments
The Company records all financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, notes receivable, accounts payable, other accruals, and notes payable at cost, which approximates fair value due to their short term or stated rates. Investments in marketable equity securities are recorded at fair value. Our 7.00% senior secured notes due 2028 (the senior secured notes due 2028) were carried at a cost of $394.7 million at March 31, 2022. The fair value of the senior secured notes due 2028 at March 31, 2022, as obtained through an independent pricing source, was approximately $402.0 million.
Russia-Ukraine Military Conflict
In February 2022, in response to the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the United States, other North Atlantic Treaty Organization member states, as well as non-member states, have announced targeted economic sanctions on Russia, certain Russian citizens and enterprises. The continuation of the conflict has triggered additional economic and other sanctions enacted by the United States, other North Atlantic Treaty Organization member states, and other countries. The Company currently owns 64.3% of the Russian entity, which represents approximately 6% and 7% of consolidated assets of Titan as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Russian operation represents approximately 5% of consolidated global sales for both the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively. The impact of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine has not had a significant impact on global operations. The Company continues to monitor the potential impacts on the business and the ancillary impacts that the military conflict could have on other global operations.
Sale of Australian wheel business
On March 29, 2022, the Company entered into a definitive agreement (the Agreement) for the sale of its Australian wheel business, to OTR Tyres, a local leading national tire, wheel and service provider. The closing date of the transaction was March 31, 2022. The Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants for transactions of this type. The sale includes gross proceeds and cash to be repatriated of approximately $17.5 million, and the assumption of all liabilities,
6

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
including employee and lease obligations. Refer to footnote 13 for additional information on the loss on sale of the Australian wheel.
Adoption of new accounting standards
In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10 Government Assistance (Topic 832), which requires annual disclosures
of transactions with a government that are accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy.
These required disclosures include information on the nature of transactions and related accounting policies used to account for
transactions, detail on the line items on the balance sheet and income statement affected by these transactions including
amounts applicable to each line, and significant terms and conditions of the transactions including commitments and
contingencies. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company receives various forms
of government assistance, primarily through grants associated with continued infrastructure development in certain foreign locations. The Company adopted the impact of this ASU effective January 1, 2022 and incorporated the required disclosures within the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. The adoption did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
2. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
Accounts receivable consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Accounts receivable | $ | 316,354 |  |  | $ | 259,730 |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (6,943) |  |  | (4,550) |
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 309,411 |  |  | $ | 255,180 |

3. INVENTORIES
Inventories consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Raw material | $ | 138,589 |  |  | $ | 135,241 |
Work-in-process | 46,948 |  |  | 44,694 |
Finished goods | 238,663 |  |  | 212,680 |
| $ | 424,200 |  |  | $ | 392,615 |

7

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Land and improvements | $ | 41,299 |  |  | $ | 41,010 |
Buildings and improvements | 235,502 |  |  | 236,367 |
Machinery and equipment | 579,072 |  |  | 578,816 |
Tools, dies and molds | 110,732 |  |  | 111,169 |
Construction-in-process | 24,059 |  |  | 20,288 |
| 990,664 |  |  | 987,650 |
Less accumulated depreciation | (692,379) |  |  | (686,541) |
| $ | 298,285 |  |  | $ | 301,109 |

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 totaled $11.1 million and $11.9 million, respectively.
5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
The components of intangible assets, net consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| Weighted Average Useful Lives (in years) March 31, 2022 |  | March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Amortizable intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |
Patents, trademarks and other | 11.20 |  | $ | 9,457 |  |  | $ | 10,084 |
Less accumulated amortization |  |  | (7,998) |  |  | (8,586) |
|  |  | $ | 1,459 |  |  | $ | 1,498 |

Amortization related to intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 totaled $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Intangible assets are included as a component of other long-term assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The estimated aggregate amortization expense at March 31, 2022 for each of the years (or other periods) set forth below was as follows (amounts in thousands):

April 1 - December 31, 2022 | $ | 106 |
2023 | 145 |
2024 | 132 |
2025 | 123 |
2026 | 123 |
Thereafter | 830 |
| $ | 1,459 |

8

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
6. WARRANTY
Changes in the warranty liability during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| 2022 |  | 2021
Warranty liability, January 1 | $ | 16,628 |  |  | $ | 15,040 |
Provision for warranty liabilities | 5,071 |  |  | 2,196 |
Warranty payments made | (3,441) |  |  | (1,869) |
Warranty liability, March 31 | $ | 18,258 |  |  | $ | 15,367 |

Warranty accruals are included as a component of other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
7. DEBT
Long-term debt consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| March 31, 2022
| Principal Balance |  | Unamortized Debt Issuance |  | Net Carrying Amount
7.00% senior secured notes due 2028 | $ | 400,000 |  |  | $ | (5,257) |  |  | $ | 394,743 |
Titan Europe credit facilities | 50,215 |  |  | — |  |  | 50,215 |
Revolving credit facility | 63,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 63,000 |
Other debt | 14,495 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,495 |
Total debt | 527,710 |  |  | (5,257) |  |  | 522,453 |
Less amounts due within one year | 37,853 |  |  | — |  |  | 37,853 |
Total long-term debt | $ | 489,857 |  |  | $ | (5,257) |  |  | $ | 484,600 |

| December 31, 2021
| Principal Balance |  | Unamortized Debt Issuance |  | Net Carrying Amount
7.00% senior secured notes due 2028 | $ | 400,000 |  |  | $ | (5,476) |  |  | $ | 394,524 |
Titan Europe credit facilities | 44,993 |  |  | — |  |  | 44,993 |
Revolving credit facility | 30,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 30,000 |
Other debt | 15,434 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,434 |
Total debt | 490,427 |  |  | (5,476) |  |  | 484,951 |
Less amounts due within one year | 32,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 32,500 |
Total long-term debt | $ | 457,927 |  |  | $ | (5,476) |  |  | $ | 452,451 |

9

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Aggregate principal maturities of long-term debt at March 31, 2022 for each of the years (or other periods) set forth below were as follows (amounts in thousands):

April 1 - December 31, 2022 | $ | 34,085 |
2023 | 12,172 |
2024 | 7,584 |
2025 | 3,927 |
2026 | 65,523 |
Thereafter | 404,419 |
| $ | 527,710 |

7.00% senior secured notes due 2028
On April 22, 2021, the Company issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% senior secured notes due April 2028 (the senior secured notes due 2028), guaranteed by certain of the Company's subsidiaries. Including the impact of debt issuance costs, these notes had an effective yield of 7.27% at issuance. These notes are secured by the land and buildings of the following subsidiaries of the Company: Titan Wheel Corporation of Illinois, Titan Tire Corporation, Titan Tire Corporation of Freeport, and Titan Tire Corporation of Bryan.
Titan Europe credit facilities
The Titan Europe credit facilities include borrowings from various institutions totaling $50.2 million in aggregate principal amount at March 31, 2022. Maturity dates on this debt range from less than one year to five years.
Revolving credit facility
The Company has a $125 million revolving credit facility with BMO Harris Bank N.A., as agent, and other financial institutions party thereto. The credit facility is collateralized by accounts receivable and inventory of certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries and is scheduled to mature in October 28, 2026. The credit facility can be expanded by up to $50 million through an accordion provision within the agreement. From time to time Titan's availability under this credit facility may be less than $125 million as a result of outstanding letters of credit and eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances at certain of its domestic subsidiaries. At March 31, 2022, under the Company's $125 million credit facility there were $63.0 million in borrowings and $9.1 million in outstanding letters of credit, and the amount available for borrowing totaled $52.9 million.
Other debt
The Company has working capital loans at Titan Pneus do Brasil Ltda and Voltyre-Prom at various interest rates, which totaled $12.0 million and $2.5 million at March 31, 2022, respectively. Maturity dates on these loans are one year or less. The Company expects to negotiate an extension of the maturity dates on these loans with the respective financial institutions.
8. REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
The Company and the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF) own all of the equity interests in Voltyre Prom, a leading producer of agricultural and industrial tires in Volgograd, Russia. On February 11, 2019, the Company entered into a definitive agreement (the Agreement) with an affiliate of the RDIF relating to the put option included in the Voltyre-Prom Shareholders' Agreement that was exercised by RDIF. Under the terms of the Agreement, in full satisfaction of the settlement put option that was exercised by RDIF, Titan paid $25 million in cash to RDIF at the closing of the transaction, and agreed, subject to the completion of regulatory approval, to issue 4,032,259 shares of restricted Titan common stock to RDIF in a private placement.
In November 2021, Titan received regulatory approval for the issuance of restricted stock to RDIF. On December 17, 2021, the Company issued 4,032,259 shares of restricted Titan common stock to the RDIF equity holders subject to the Company's right to repurchase the shares for $25 million until February 12, 2022.
On February 1, 2022, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with the RDIF equity holders to buy back the restricted Titan common stock for the previously agreed amount of $25 million. The transaction was completed on February 1, 2022. Following the transaction, the Company and RDIF's ownership remained at 64.3% and 35.7%, respectively, of Voltyre-Prom.
10

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
9. LEASES
The Company leases certain buildings and equipment under both operating and finance leases. Certain lease agreements provide for renewal options, fair value purchase options, and payment of property taxes, maintenance, and insurance by the Company. Under FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 842 "Leases," the Company made an accounting policy election, by class of underlying asset, not to separate non-lease components such as those previously stated from lease components and instead will treat the lease agreement as a single lease component for all asset classes. Operating right-of-use (ROU) assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent Titan's obligations to make lease payments arising from the lease. The majority of Titan's leases are operating leases. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of Titan's leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company used its incremental borrowing rate (7.27%), based on the information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Amortization expense associated with finance leases is included in cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses, and interest expense associated with finance leases is included in interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (amounts in thousands):

| Balance Sheet Classification |  | March 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021
Operating lease ROU assets | Operating lease assets |  | $ | 12,526 |  | $ | 20,945 |
Operating lease current liabilities | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 4,968 |  | $ | 6,180 |
Operating lease long-term liabilities | Other long-term liabilities |  | 4,866 |  | 11,352 |
Total operating lease liabilities |  |  | $ | 9,834 |  | $ | 17,532 |
Finance lease, gross | Property, plant & equipment, net |  | $ | 5,724 |  | $ | 5,305 |
Finance lease accumulated depreciation | Property, plant & equipment, net |  | (2,773) |  | (2,801) |
Finance lease, net |  |  | $ | 2,951 |  | $ | 2,504 |
Finance lease current liabilities | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 2,476 |  | $ | 2,384 |
Finance lease long-term liabilities | Other long-term liabilities |  | 3,655 |  | 3,878 |
Total finance lease liabilities |  |  | $ | 6,131 |  | $ | 6,262 |

At March 31, 2022, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows (amounts in thousands):

| Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
April 1 - December 31, 2022 | $ | 4,247 |  |  | $ | 2,166 |
2023 | 4,375 |  |  | 2,179 |
2024 | 1,472 |  |  | 892 |
2025 | 369 |  |  | 737 |
2026 | 152 |  |  | 559 |
Thereafter | 345 |  |  | 6 |
Total lease payments | $ | 10,960 |  |  | $ | 6,539 |
Less imputed interest | 1,126 |  |  | 408 |
| $ | 9,834 |  |  | $ | 6,131 |
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) | 3.60 |  | 2.95

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were as follows: operating cash flows from operating leases were $2.2 million and operating cash flows from finance leases were $0.1 million.
11

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Company has three frozen defined benefit pension plans covering certain employees or former employees of three U.S. subsidiaries. The Company also has pension plans covering certain employees of several foreign subsidiaries. The Company also sponsors a number of defined contribution plans in the U.S. and at foreign subsidiaries. The Company contributed approximately $0.1 million to the pension plans during the three months ended March 31, 2022, and expects to contribute approximately $0.2 million to the pension plans during the remainder of 2022.
The components of net periodic pension (benefit) cost consisted of the following for the periods set forth below (amounts in thousands):

| Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  |
Service cost | $ | 928 |  |  | $ | 157 |  |  |  |  |
Interest cost | 717 |  |  | 700 |  |  |  |  |
Expected return on assets | (1,518) |  |  | (1,506) |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost | (16) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of net unrecognized loss | (6) |  |  | 697 |  |  |  |  |
Net periodic pension (benefit) cost | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  |  |  |

Service cost is recorded as cost of sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations while all other components are recorded in other income.
11. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
The Company holds a variable interest in two joint ventures for which the Titan is the primary beneficiary. One of these joint ventures operate distribution facilities that primarily distribute mining products. Titan is the 50% owner of the distribution facility located in Canada. Titan is also a 50% owner of a manufacturer of undercarriage components and complete track systems for earthmoving machines in India. The Company’s variable interests in these joint ventures relate to sales of Titan products to these entities, consigned inventory, and working capital loans. As the primary beneficiary of these variable interest entities (VIEs), the VIEs’ assets, liabilities, and results of operations are included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The other equity holders’ interests are reflected in “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and “Noncontrolling interests” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following table summarizes the carrying amount of the VIEs’ assets and liabilities included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (amounts in thousands):

| March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,963 |  |  | $ | 714 |
Inventory | 3,366 |  |  | 2,459 |
Other current assets | 5,607 |  |  | 5,135 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 3,299 |  |  | 3,414 |
Other non-current assets | 624 |  |  | 626 |
Total assets | $ | 14,859 |  |  | $ | 12,348 |
Current liabilities | $ | 2,616 |  |  | $ | 1,687 |
Other long-term liabilities | 643 |  |  | 669 |
Total liabilities | $ | 3,259 |  |  | $ | 2,356 |

12

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
All assets in the above table can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE to which the respective assets relate. Liabilities are nonrecourse obligations. Amounts presented in the table above are adjusted for intercompany eliminations.
The Company holds variable interests in certain VIEs that are not consolidated because Titan is not the primary beneficiary. The Company's involvement with these entities is in the form of direct equity interests and prepayments related to purchases of materials. The maximum exposure to loss represents the loss of assets recognized by Titan relating to non-consolidated entities and amounts due to the non-consolidated assets. The assets and liabilities recognized in Titan's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to Titan's interest in these non-consolidated VIEs and the Company's maximum exposure to loss relating to non-consolidated VIEs as of the dates set forth below were as follows (amounts in thousands):

| March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Investments | $ | 6,818 |  |  | $ | 6,402 |
Total VIE assets | 6,818 |  |  | 6,402 |
Accounts payable | 3,078 |  |  | 4,296 |
Maximum exposure to loss | $ | 9,896 |  |  | $ | 10,698 |

12. ROYALTY EXPENSE
The Company has trademark license agreements with The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company to manufacture and sell certain farm tires under the Goodyear brand. These agreements cover sales in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Russia, and other Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Each of these agreements is scheduled to expire in 2025. Royalty expenses were $2.9 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
13. OTHER EXPENSE
Other expense consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  |
Loss on sale of Australian wheel business (1) | $ | (10,890) |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from government grant (2) | 1,324 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Equity investment income | 248 |  |  | 64 |  |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of assets | 110 |  |  | 791 |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense) | 349 |  |  | (1,223) |  |  |  |  |
| $ | (8,859) |  |  | $ | (368) |  |  |  |  |

(1) The loss on sale of the Australian wheel business is comprised primarily of the release of the cumulative translation adjustment of approximately $10.0 million and closing costs associated with the completion of the transaction of approximately $0.9 million. Refer to Footnote 1 for additional information.
(2) In August 2014, the Company received an approximately $17.0 million capital grant from the Italian government for asset damages related to the earthquake that occurred in May 2012 at one of our Italian subsidiaries. The grant was recorded as deferred income in non-current liabilities which is being amortized over the life of the reconstructed building. The Company received proceeds of an additional $1.9 million from the grant during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and recorded as other income of $1.3 million to match to the historical depreciation recorded on the underlying assets.
13

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
14. INCOME TAXES
The Company recorded income tax expense of $8.7 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company's effective income tax rate was 26.1% and 16.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The Company’s 2022 and 2021 income tax expense and rates differed from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to pre-tax income primarily as a result of U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions that incurred a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. In addition, there were non-deductible royalty expenses and statutorily required income adjustments made in certain foreign jurisdictions that negatively impacted the tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
The Company continues to monitor the realization of its deferred tax assets and assesses the need for a valuation allowance. The Company analyzes available positive and negative evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is needed based on the weight of the evidence. This objectively verifiable evidence primarily includes the past three years' profit and loss positions. This process requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that are uncertain in nature. The Company has established valuation allowances with respect to deferred tax assets in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions and continues to monitor and assess potential valuation allowances in all its jurisdictions.
Brazilian Tax Credits
In June 2021, the Company’s Brazilian subsidiaries received a notice that it had prevailed on an existing legal claim in regards to certain non-income (indirect) taxes that had been previously charged and paid. The matter specifically relates to companies’ rights to exclude the state tax on goods circulation (a value-added-tax or VAT equivalent, known in Brazil as “ICMS”) from the calculation of certain additional indirect taxes (specifically the program of social integration (“PIS”) and contribution for financing of social security (“COFINS”) levied by the Brazilian States on the sale of goods. The Company is in the process of submitting the related supporting documentation to the Brazilian tax authorities during the first half of 2022. After review by the Brazilian tax authorities, the Company could receive approximately $34 million of non-income tax credits to be applied as credits against future PIS/COFINS tax obligations. The Company plans to recognize the full benefit of the non-income tax credits, contingent upon successful approval and verification from the Brazilian tax authorities.
15. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Earnings per share (EPS) were as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share data):

| Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  |
Net income attributable to Titan and applicable to common shareholders | $ | 23,922 |  |  | $ | 13,574 |  |  |  |  |
Determination of shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding (basic) | 63,860 |  |  | 61,466 |  |  |  |  |
Effect of equity awards | 490 |  |  | 948 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding (diluted) | 64,350 |  |  | 62,414 |  |  |  |  |
Income per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.37 |  |  | $ | 0.22 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted | $ | 0.37 |  |  | $ | 0.22 |  |  |  |  |

16. LITIGATION
The Company is a party to routine legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of business. Due to the difficult nature of predicting unresolved and future legal claims, the Company cannot anticipate or predict the material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows as a result of efforts to comply with, or liabilities pertaining to, legal judgments. In the opinion of management, the Company is not currently involved in any legal proceedings
14

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
which, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
17. SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company has aggregated its operating units into reportable segments based on its three customer markets: agricultural, earthmoving/construction, and consumer. Each reportable segment includes wheels, tires, wheel/tire assemblies, and undercarriage systems and components. These segments are based on the information used by the Chief Executive Officer to make certain operating decisions, allocate portions of capital expenditures, and assess segment performance. Segment external sales, expenses, and income from operations are determined based on the results of operations for the operating units of the Company's manufacturing facilities. Segment assets are generally determined on the basis of the tangible assets located at such operating units’ manufacturing facilities and the intangible assets associated with the acquisitions of such operating units. However, certain operating units’ property, plant and equipment balances are carried at the corporate level.
The table below presents information about certain operating results, separated by market segments, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (amounts in thousands):

| Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Agricultural | $ | 309,600 |  |  | $ | 208,759 |  |  |  |  |
Earthmoving/construction | 201,259 |  |  | 164,807 |  |  |  |  |
Consumer | 45,138 |  |  | 29,952 |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 555,997 |  |  | $ | 403,518 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Agricultural | $ | 47,924 |  |  | $ | 29,789 |  |  |  |  |
Earthmoving/construction | 31,375 |  |  | 19,742 |  |  |  |  |
Consumer | 7,430 |  |  | 3,734 |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 86,729 |  |  | $ | 53,265 |  |  |  |  |
Income from operations |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Agricultural | $ | 30,117 |  |  | $ | 15,283 |  |  |  |  |
Earthmoving/construction | 15,840 |  |  | 5,575 |  |  |  |  |
Consumer | 4,882 |  |  | 1,667 |  |  |  |  |
Corporate & Unallocated | (6,131) |  |  | (8,294) |  |  |  |  |
Income from operations | 44,708 |  |  | 14,231 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (7,907) |  |  | (7,523) |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange gain | 5,317 |  |  | 9,477 |  |  |  |  |
Other expense | (8,859) |  |  | (368) |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes | $ | 33,259 |  |  | $ | 15,817 |  |  |  |  |

15

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Assets by segment were as follows as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):

| March 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Total assets |  |  |
Agricultural | $ | 555,528 |  |  | $ | 517,528 |
Earthmoving/construction | 523,335 |  |  | 502,373 |
Consumer | 142,407 |  |  | 133,906 |
Corporate & Unallocated | 48,031 |  |  | 28,878 |
| $ | 1,269,301 |  |  | $ | 1,182,685 |

18. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company sells products and pays commissions to companies controlled by persons related to the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, Mr. Maurice Taylor. The related party is Mr. Fred Taylor, who is Mr. Maurice Taylor’s brother. Mr. Fred Taylor passed away on December 13, 2021. The companies with which Mr. Fred Taylor is associated that do business with Titan include the following: Blacksmith OTR, LLC; F.B.T. Enterprises, Inc.; Green Carbon, Inc.; Silverstone, Inc.; and OTR Wheel Engineering, Inc. Sales of Titan products to these companies were approximately $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and approximately $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Titan had purchases from these companies of approximately $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and had no purchases from these companies for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Titan had trade receivables due from these companies of approximately $0.5 million at March 31, 2022, and approximately $0.2 million at December 31, 2021. Sales commissions paid to the above companies were approximately $0.5 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021.
19. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):

| Currency Translation Adjustments |  | Gain (Loss) on Derivatives |  | Unrecognized Losses and Prior Service Cost |  | Total
Balance at January 1, 2022 | $ | (236,059) |  |  | $ | (39) |  |  | $ | (10,382) |  |  | $ | (246,480) |
Currency translation adjustments, net (1) | 18,457 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,457 |
Defined benefit pension plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of unrecognized losses and prior service cost, net of tax of $(182) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 544 |  |  | 544 |
Derivative gain | — |  |  | 303 |  |  | — |  |  | 303 |
Balance at March 31, 2022 | $ | (217,602) |  |  | $ | 264 |  |  | $ | (9,838) |  |  | $ | (227,176) |

(1) The currency translation adjustments, net includes amounts reclassified into other expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations of approximately $10 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 related to the sale of the Australian wheel business. Refer to Note 1 for additional information.
16

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

| Currency Translation Adjustments |  | Gain (Loss) on Derivatives |  | Unrecognized Losses and Prior Service Cost |  | Total
Balance at January 1, 2021 | $ | (194,151) |  |  | $ | (413) |  |  | $ | (22,690) |  |  | $ | (217,254) |
Currency translation adjustments, net | (26,665) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (26,665) |
Defined benefit pension plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of unrecognized losses and prior service cost, net of tax of $(44) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 873 |  |  | 873 |
Derivative gain | — |  |  | 40 |  |  | — |  |  | 40 |
Balance at March 31, 2021 | $ | (220,816) |  |  | $ | (373) |  |  | $ | (21,817) |  |  | $ | (243,006) |

The change in currency translation adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021 was due to foreign currency rate fluctuations, the ongoing initiative to rationalize the Company's legal entity structure, and the ongoing management of the intercompany capital structure during the year.
17

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
20. SUBSIDIARY GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Our senior secured notes due 2028 are guaranteed by the following wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company: Titan Tire Corporation, Titan Tire Corporation of Bryan, Titan Tire Corporation of Freeport, and Titan Wheel Corporation of Illinois. The note guarantees are the full and unconditional, joint and several obligations of the guarantors. The guarantees of the guarantor subsidiaries are subject to release in limited circumstances upon the occurrence of certain customary conditions. The following condensed consolidating financial statements are presented using the equity method of accounting. Certain sales and marketing expenses recorded by non-guarantor subsidiaries have not been allocated to the guarantor subsidiaries.

(Amounts in thousands) | Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
| Titan Intl., Inc. (Parent) |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminations |  | Consolidated
Net sales | $ | — |  |  | $ | 85,799 |  |  | $ | 555,997 |  |  | $ | (85,799) |  |  | $ | 555,997 |
Cost of sales | — |  |  | 46,816 |  |  | 508,251 |  |  | (85,799) |  |  | 469,268 |
Gross profit | — |  |  | 38,983 |  |  | 47,746 |  |  | — |  |  | 86,729 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 2,321 |  |  | 12,472 |  |  | 21,434 |  |  | — |  |  | 36,227 |
Research and development expenses | 270 |  |  | 840 |  |  | 1,810 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,920 |
Royalty expense | 230 |  |  | 1,305 |  |  | 1,339 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,874 |
(Loss) income from operations | (2,821) |  |  | 24,366 |  |  | 23,163 |  |  | — |  |  | 44,708 |
Interest expense | (7,586) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (316) |  |  | — |  |  | (7,907) |
Intercompany interest income (expense) | 363 |  |  | 633 |  |  | (996) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Foreign exchange gain | — |  |  | 655 |  |  | 4,662 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,317 |
Other income (expense) | — |  |  | 507 |  |  | (9,366) |  |  | — |  |  | (8,859) |
(Loss) income before income taxes | (10,044) |  |  | 26,156 |  |  | 17,147 |  |  | — |  |  | 33,259 |
Provision for income taxes | 1,242 |  |  | 134 |  |  | 7,305 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,681 |
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiaries | 35,979 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,851 |  |  | (53,830) |  |  | — |
Net income (loss) | 24,693 |  |  | 26,022 |  |  | 27,693 |  |  | (53,830) |  |  | 24,578 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | 656 |  |  | — |  |  | 656 |
Net income (loss) attributable to Titan | $ | 24,693 |  |  | $ | 26,022 |  |  | $ | 27,037 |  |  | $ | (53,830) |  |  | $ | 23,922 |

18

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands) | Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
| Titan Intl., Inc. (Parent) |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminations |  | Consolidated
Net income (loss) | $ | 24,693 |  |  | $ | 26,022 |  |  | $ | 27,693 |  |  | $ | (53,830) |  |  | $ | 24,578 |
Derivative gain | — |  |  | — |  |  | 303 |  |  | — |  |  | 303 |
Currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17,275 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,275 |
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | 544 |  |  | — |  |  | 544 |
Comprehensive income (loss) | 24,693 |  |  | 26,022 |  |  | 45,815 |  |  | (53,830) |  |  | 42,700 |
Net comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | (526) |  |  | — |  |  | (526) |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan | $ | 24,693 |  |  | $ | 26,022 |  |  | $ | 46,341 |  |  | $ | (53,830) |  |  | $ | 43,226 |

(Amounts in thousands) | Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets March 31, 2022
| Titan Intl., Inc. (Parent) |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Eliminations |  | Consolidated
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 10,829 |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | 87,319 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 98,144 |
Accounts receivable, net | 150 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 309,254 |  |  | — |  |  | 309,411 |
Inventories | — |  |  | 75,593 |  |  | 348,607 |  |  | — |  |  | 424,200 |
Prepaid and other current assets | 1,254 |  |  | 15,605 |  |  | 62,856 |  |  | — |  |  | 79,715 |
Total current assets | 12,233 |  |  | 91,201 |  |  | 808,036 |  |  | — |  |  | 911,470 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,610 |  |  | 79,032 |  |  | 217,643 |  |  | — |  |  | 298,285 |
Investment in subsidiaries | 765,364 |  |  | — |  |  | 84,463 |  |  | (849,827) |  |  | — |
Other assets | 1,260 |  |  | 13,953 |  |  | 44,333 |  |  | — |  |  | 59,546 |
Total assets | $ | 780,467 |  |  | $ | 184,186 |  |  | $ | 1,154,475 |  |  | $ | (849,827) |  |  | $ | 1,269,301 |
Liabilities and Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term debt | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,853 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,853 |
Accounts payable | 2,079 |  |  | 63,683 |  |  | 236,620 |  |  | — |  |  | 302,382 |
Other current liabilities | 40,794 |  |  | 24,632 |  |  | 86,234 |  |  | — |  |  | 151,660 |
Total current liabilities | 42,873 |  |  | 88,315 |  |  | 360,707 |  |  | — |  |  | 491,895 |
Long-term debt | 457,743 |  |  | — |  |  | 26,857 |  |  | — |  |  | 484,600 |
Other long-term liabilities | 212 |  |  | 5,561 |  |  | 41,313 |  |  | — |  |  | 47,086 |
Intercompany accounts | (9,705) |  |  | (496,495) |  |  | 506,200 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Titan shareholders' equity | 289,344 |  |  | 586,805 |  |  | 222,052 |  |  | (849,827) |  |  | 248,374 |
Noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,654) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,654) |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 780,467 |  |  | $ | 184,186 |  |  | $ | 1,154,475 |  |  | $ | (849,827) |  |  | $ | 1,269,301 |

19

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands) | Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 |  |
| Titan Intl., Inc. (Parent) |  | Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries |  | Consolidated |  |
Net cash (used for) provided by operating activities | $ | (4,430) |  |  | $ | 2,052 |  |  | $ | (16,139) |  |  | $ | (18,517) |  |  |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures | — |  |  | (2,063) |  |  | (5,574) |  |  | (7,637) |  |  |
Proceeds from the sale of the Australian wheel business | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,293 |  |  | 9,293 |  |  |
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 756 |  |  | 756 |  |  |
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities | — |  |  | (2,063) |  |  | 4,475 |  |  | 2,412 |  |  |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from borrowings | 62,219 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,563 |  |  | 76,782 |  |  |
Payment on debt | (29,000) |  |  | — |  |  | (10,483) |  |  | (39,483) |  |  |
Repurchase of common stock | (25,000) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (25,000) |  |  |
Other financing activities | — |  |  | (10) |  |  | (576) |  |  | (586) |  |  |
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities | 8,219 |  |  | (10) |  |  | 3,504 |  |  | 11,713 |  |  |
Effect of exchange rate change on cash | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,428 |  |  | 4,428 |  |  |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 3,789 |  |  | (21) |  |  | (3,732) |  |  | 36 |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 7,040 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 91,051 |  |  | 98,108 |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 10,829 |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | 87,319 |  |  | $ | 98,144 |  |  |

21. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the filing of this Form 10-Q and determined that there have been no subsequent events that have occurred that would require adjustments to our disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.
20

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (MD&A) is designed to provide a reader of the financial statements included in this quarterly report with a narrative from the perspective of the management of Titan International, Inc. (Titan or the Company) on Titan's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and other factors that may affect the Company's future results. The MD&A in this quarterly report should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and other financial information included elsewhere in this quarterly report and the MD&A and audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 3, 2022 (the 2021 Form 10-K).
COVID-19 Pandemic
While the Company's operations have recovered throughout 2021 and through the first quarter of 2022 following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, certain geographies (particularly China) continue to remain impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic due to new and emerging variants of COVID-19 resulting in high employee absenteeism and minor disruptions to operations. Further, global supply chains are experiencing constraints partially as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including availability and pricing of raw materials, transportation and labor. The current constraints on the global supply chains have added complexity to growth expectations in the near term.
Due to the above circumstances as described generally in this Form 10-Q, the Company’s results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in the future. Management cannot predict the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic conditions generally, on the Company’s customers and, ultimately, on the Company. The nature, extent and duration of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company are uncertain and will depend on future developments, and such effects could exist for an extended period of time even after the pandemic might end.
Russia-Ukraine Military Conflict
In February 2022, in response to the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the United States, other North Atlantic Treaty Organization member states, as well as non-member states, have announced targeted economic sanctions on Russia, certain Russian citizens and enterprises. The continuation of the conflict has triggered additional economic and other sanctions enacted by the United States, other North Atlantic Treaty Organization member states, and other countries.
The Company maintains operations in Russia and any such economic sanctions may also result in an adverse effect on its Russian operations. The Company currently owns 64.3% of Voltyre-Prom, a producer of agricultural and industrial tires in Volgograd, Russia, which represents approximately 6% and 7% of consolidated assets of Titan as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Russian operations represent approximately 5% of consolidated global sales for both the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively. The impact of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine has not had a significant impact on global operations.
As the military conflict in Ukraine exacerbates the global food crisis, Titan remains committed to the role it plays in keeping the food and essential goods moving, including its tire operation in Volgograd, Russia. Tires produced in the Voltyre-Prom facility are primarily sold into Commonwealth Independent States (CIS) countries, located throughout Europe and Asia. This facility is operating at lower levels in full compliance with all international sanctions on Russia. Titan has stopped any additional investments into this joint project and emphasize that neither this operation, nor any other Titan operations, sells any products to the Russian military or other government agencies.
The potential impact of bans, sanction programs, and boycotts on our business is uncertain at the current time due to the fluid nature of the military conflict as it is unfolding. The potential impacts include supply chain and logistics disruptions, financial impacts including disruptions to the execution of banking transactions with certain Russian financial institutions, volatility in foreign exchange rates and interest rates, inflationary pressures on raw materials and energy, loss of operational control and/or assets, heightened cybersecurity threats and other restrictions. The Company continues to monitor the potential impacts on the business and the ancillary impacts that the military conflict could have on other global operations.
Brazilian Tax Credits
In June 2021, the Company’s Brazilian subsidiaries received a notice that it had prevailed on an existing legal claim in regards to certain non-income (indirect) taxes that had been previously charged and paid. The matter specifically relates to companies’
21

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
rights to exclude the state tax on goods circulation (a value-added-tax or VAT equivalent, known in Brazil as “ICMS”) from the calculation of certain additional indirect taxes (specifically the program of social integration (“PIS”) and contribution for financing of social security (“COFINS”) levied by the Brazilian States on the sale of goods. The Company is in the process of submitting the related supporting documentation to the Brazilian tax authorities during the first half of 2022. After review by the Brazilian tax authorities, the Company could receive approximately $34 million of non-income tax credits to be applied as credits against future PIS/COFINS and income tax obligations. The Company plans to recognize the full benefit of the non-income tax credits, contingent upon successful approval and verification from the Brazilian tax authorities.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, which are covered by the safe harbor for "forward-looking statements" provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Readers can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. The Company tried to identify forward-looking statements in this quarterly report by using words such as “anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” and “believes,” and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would,” “may,” and “could.” These forward-looking statements include, among other items, information concerning:
•The Company's financial performance;
•Anticipated trends in the Company’s business;
•Expectations with respect to the end-user markets into which the Company sells its products (including agricultural equipment, earthmoving/construction equipment, and consumer products);
•Future expenditures for capital projects;
•The Company’s ability to continue to control costs and maintain quality;
•The Company's ability to meet conditions of loan agreements, indentures and other financing documents;
•The Company’s business strategies, including its intention to introduce new products;
•Expectations concerning the performance and success of the Company’s existing and new products; and
•The Company’s intention to consider and pursue acquisition and divestiture opportunities.
Readers of this Form 10-Q should understand that these forward-looking statements are based on the Company’s current expectations and assumptions about future events and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict, including, but not limited to, the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the 2021 Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, certain of which are beyond the Company’s control.
Actual results could differ materially from these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including:
•The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations and financial performance;
•The effect of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine on our Russian and global operations.
•The effect of a recession on the Company and its customers and suppliers;
•Changes in the Company’s end-user markets into which the Company sells its products as a result of world economic or regulatory influences or otherwise;
•Changes in the marketplace, including new products and pricing changes by the Company’s competitors;
•The Company's ability to maintain satisfactory labor relations;
•Unfavorable outcomes of legal proceedings;
•The Company's ability to comply with current or future regulations applicable to the Company's business and the industry in which it competes or any actions taken or orders issued by regulatory authorities;
•Availability and price of raw materials;
•Levels of operating efficiencies;
22

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
•The effects of the Company's indebtedness and its compliance with the terms thereof;
•Changes in the interest rate environment and their effects on the Company's outstanding indebtedness;
•Unfavorable product liability and warranty claims;
•Actions of domestic and foreign governments, including the imposition of additional tariffs;
•Geopolitical and economic uncertainties relating to the countries in which the Company operates or does business;
•Risks associated with acquisitions, including difficulty in integrating operations and personnel, disruption of ongoing business, and increased expenses;
•Results of investments;
•The effects of potential processes to explore various strategic transactions, including potential dispositions;
•Fluctuations in currency translations;
•Climate change and related laws and regulations;
•Risks associated with environmental laws and regulations;
•Risks relating to our manufacturing facilities, including that any of our material facilities may become inoperable; and
•Risks related to financial reporting, internal controls, tax accounting, and information systems.
Any changes in such factors could lead to significantly different results. Any assumptions that are inaccurate or do not prove to be correct could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to achieve the results as indicated in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements included in this report speak only as of the date of this report. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking information and assumptions contained in this report will in fact transpire. The reader should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements included in this report or that may be made elsewhere from time to time by the Company, or on its behalf. All forward-looking statements attributable to Titan are expressly qualified by these cautionary statements.
OVERVIEW
Titan International, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is a global manufacturer of off-highway wheels, tires, assemblies and undercarriage products. As a leading manufacturer in the off-highway industry, Titan produces a broad range of products to meet the specifications of original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and aftermarket customers in the agricultural, earthmoving/construction, and consumer markets. Titan manufactures and sells certain tires under the Goodyear Farm Tire and Titan Tire brands and has complete research and development test facilities to validate tire and wheel designs.
Agricultural Segment: Titan’s agricultural wheels, tires, and undercarriage systems and components are manufactured for use on various agricultural equipment, including tractors, combines, skidders, plows, planters, and irrigation equipment, and are sold directly to OEMs and to the aftermarket through independent distributors, equipment dealers, and Titan’s distribution centers. The wheels range in diameter from nine inches to 54 inches, with the 54-inch diameter being the largest agricultural wheel manufactured in North America. Basic configurations are combined with distinct variations (such as different centers and a wide range of material thickness) allowing the Company to offer a broad line of products to meet customer specifications. Titan’s agricultural tires range from approximately one foot to approximately seven feet in outside diameter and from five inches to 55 inches in width. The Company offers the added value of delivering a complete wheel and tire assembly to OEM and aftermarket customers.
Earthmoving/Construction Segment: The Company manufactures wheels, tires, and undercarriage systems and components for various types of OTR earthmoving, mining, military, construction, and forestry equipment, including skid steers, aerial lifts, cranes, graders and levelers, scrapers, self-propelled shovel loaders, articulated dump trucks, load transporters, haul trucks, backhoe loaders, crawler tractors, lattice cranes, shovels, and hydraulic excavators. The Company provides OEM and aftermarket customers with a broad range of earthmoving/construction wheels ranging in diameter from 15 inches to 63 inches and in weight from 125 pounds to 7,000 pounds. The 63-inch diameter wheel is the largest manufactured in North America for the earthmoving/construction market. Titan’s earthmoving/construction tires range from approximately three feet to
23

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
approximately 13 feet in outside diameter and in weight from 50 pounds to 12,500 pounds. The Company also offers the added value of wheel and tire assembly for certain applications in the earthmoving/construction segment.
Consumer Segment: Titan manufactures bias truck tires in Latin America and light truck tires in Russia. Titan also offers select products for ATVs, turf, and golf cart applications. This segment also includes sales that do not readily fall into the Company's other segments.
The Company’s top customers include global leaders in agricultural and construction equipment manufacturing and include AGCO Corporation, Caterpillar Inc., CNH Global N.V., Deere & Company, Hitachi, Ltd., Kubota Corporation, Liebherr, and Volvo, in addition to many other off-highway equipment manufacturers. The Company distributes products to OEMs, independent and OEM-affiliated dealers, and through a network of distribution facilities.
MARKET CONDITIONS AND OUTLOOK
AGRICULTURAL MARKET OUTLOOK
Agriculture-related commodity prices continued to remain at historically high levels during 2021 and favorable market conditions across the globe are expected to continue the momentum for the remainder of 2022. Improved farmer income, replacement of an aging large equipment fleet and replenishment of lower equipment inventory levels are all factors which are anticipated to support continued strong demand for our products. Many of our customers are forecasting growth, providing further optimism of sustained stability in the market over the next few years. Many more variables, including weather, volatility in the price of commodities, grain prices, export markets, foreign currency exchange rates, government policies, subsidies, and the demand for used equipment can greatly affect the Company's performance in the agricultural market in a given period.
EARTHMOVING/CONSTRUCTION MARKET OUTLOOK
The earthmoving/construction segment is affected by many variables, including commodity prices, road construction, infrastructure, government appropriations, housing starts, and other macroeconomic drivers. The construction market is primarily driven by GDP by country and the need for infrastructure developments. The earthmoving/construction markets experienced strong signs of growth in 2021 as economies emerged from the pandemic and the momentum is expected to continue for the remainder of 2022. There are historically low equipment inventory levels throughout the global construction industry and mining capital budgets continued to rise during 2021, and we expect that trend to continue into 2022. Improvements in mineral commodity prices also currently support growth.
CONSUMER MARKET OUTLOOK
The consumer market consists of several distinct product lines within different regions. These products include light truck tires, turf equipment, specialty products, including custom mixing of rubber stock, and train brakes. Overall, the markets stabilized during 2021 due to pent up demand from historically lower sales volume during 2020. The pace of growth can vary period to period, while there are strong initiatives underway to bolster opportunities in various specialty products including mixing of rubber stock in the United States. The consumer segment is affected by many variables including inflationary impacts, consumer spending, interest rates, government policies, and other macroeconomic drivers.
24

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

| Three months ended |  |
(amounts in thousands) | March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Increase |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 555,997 |  |  | $ | 403,518 |  |  | 37.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 86,729 |  |  | 53,265 |  |  | 62.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit % | 15.6 | % |  | 13.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 36,227 |  |  | 34,028 |  |  | 6.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development expenses | 2,920 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | 14.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Royalty expense | 2,874 |  |  | 2,453 |  |  | 17.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from operations | 44,708 |  |  | 14,231 |  |  | 214.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

Net Sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were $556.0 million, compared to $403.5 million in the comparable period of 2021, an increase of 37.8%. The net sales increase was across all segments and driven by price/product mix and volume, with price having a greater impact due to rising raw material costs and other inflationary impacts in the markets, including freight. The contributing factors to the increase in demand were increased commodity prices, improved farmer income, replacement of an aging large equipment fleet, and lower equipment inventory levels. The increase in net sales was unfavorably impacted by foreign currency translation of 4.4% or $17.7 million.
Global supply chains are experiencing significant constraints and volatility, including availability and pricing of raw materials, transportation and labor. The current constraints on global supply chains are adding further complexity to the pace of growth. Titan is also experiencing similar supply chain challenges and has been able to manage the situation effectively through the period.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $86.7 million, or 15.6% of net sales, an increase of $33.4 million compared to $53.3 million, or 13.2% of net sales, for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in gross profit and margin was driven by the impact of increases in net sales, as described previously, favorably impacting overhead absorption in our production facilities. In addition, cost reduction and productivity initiatives continue to be executed across global production facilities.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were $36.2 million, or 6.5% of net sales, compared to $34.0 million, or 8.4% of net sales, for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in SG&A was driven primarily by an increase in variable costs associated with improved operating performance and growth in sales.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development (R&D) expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were $2.9 million, or 0.5% of net sales, compared to $2.6 million, or 0.6% of net sales, for the comparable period in 2021. R&D spending reflects initiatives to improve product designs and an ongoing focus on quality.
Royalty Expense
The Company has trademark license agreements with The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company to manufacture and sell certain farm tires under the Goodyear brand. These agreements cover sales in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Russia, and other Commonwealth of Independent States countries.
Royalty expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 were $2.9 million, or 0.5% of net sales, compared to $2.5 million, or 0.6% of net sales, for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in royalty expenses are due to the increase in sales, as described previously, resulting in an increase in the amount of royalty expense incurred.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Income from Operations
Income from operations for the first quarter of 2022 was $44.7 million, compared to income from operations of $14.2 million for the first quarter of 2021. The increase in income was primarily due to the higher sales and improvements in gross profit margins.
OTHER PROFIT/LOSS ITEMS
Interest Expense
Interest expense was $7.9 million and $7.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Interest expense increased due to the refinancing of the senior secured notes during the second quarter of 2021 resulting in an increase in the interest rate from 6.50% to 7.00% and increases in debt balances to fund operations.
Foreign Exchange Gain
Foreign exchange gain was $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to gain of $9.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The foreign exchange gain experienced during the three months ended March 31, 2022 is primarily the result of a favorable impact of the movement of exchange rates in the many geographies in which we conduct business. The foreign exchange gain experienced during the three months ended March 31, 2021 is primarily the result of the closeout of certain legal entities as part of the ongoing initiative to rationalize Titan's legal entity structure and ongoing management of the intercompany capital structure as well as a favorable impact of the movement of exchange rates.
Other Expense
Other expense was $8.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to other expense of $0.4 million in the comparable period of 2021. The increase in other expense for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to the same period in 2021, was primarily attributable to $10.9 million loss on sale of the Australian wheel business which was comprised primarily of the release of the cumulative translation adjustment of approximately $10.0 million and closing costs associated with the completion of the transaction of approximately $0.9 million. The increase in other expense was partially offset by a gain of $1.3 million from a government grant associated with an earthquake that affected one of our Italian subsidiaries in May 2012.
Provision for Income Taxes
The Company recorded income tax expense of $8.7 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company's effective income tax rate was 26.1% and 16.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in income tax expense and the effective income tax rate in the first quarter of 2022, compared to the first quarter of 2021, primarily relates to increased taxable income in higher tax jurisdictions, primarily Latin America.
The Company’s 2022 and 2021 income tax expense and rates differed from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to pre-tax income primarily as a result of U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions that incurred a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. In addition, there were non-deductible royalty expenses and statutorily required income adjustments made in certain foreign jurisdictions that negatively impacted the tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
Net Income and Income per Share
Net income for the first quarter of 2022 was $24.6 million, compared to net income of $13.2 million in the comparable quarter of 2021, an improvement of $11.4 million. For the quarter ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, basic and diluted income per share were $0.37 and $0.22, respectively. The Company's net income and income per share increases were due to the items previously discussed.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
SEGMENT INFORMATION
Segment Summary (amounts in thousands):

Three months ended March 31, 2022 |  | Agricultural |  | Earthmoving/ Construction |  | Consumer |  | Corporate/ Unallocated Expenses |  | Consolidated Totals
Net sales |  | $ | 309,600 |  |  | $ | 201,259 |  |  | $ | 45,138 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 555,997 |
Gross profit |  | 47,924 |  |  | 31,375 |  |  | 7,430 |  |  | — |  |  | 86,729 |
Profit margin |  | 15.5 | % |  | 15.6 | % |  | 16.5 | % |  | — |  |  | 15.6 | %
Income (loss) from operations |  | 30,117 |  |  | 15,840 |  |  | 4,882 |  |  | (6,131) |  |  | 44,708 |
Three months ended March 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 208,759 |  |  | $ | 164,807 |  |  | $ | 29,952 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 403,518 |
Gross profit |  | 29,789 |  |  | 19,742 |  |  | 3,734 |  |  | — |  |  | 53,265 |
Profit margin |  | 14.3 | % |  | 12.0 | % |  | 12.5 | % |  | — |  |  | 13.2 | %
Income (loss) from operations |  | 15,283 |  |  | 5,575 |  |  | 1,667 |  |  | (8,294) |  |  | 14,231 |

Agricultural Segment Results
Agricultural segment results for the periods presented below were as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) | Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Increase |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 309,600 |  |  | $ | 208,759 |  |  | 48.3 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 47,924 |  |  | 29,789 |  |  | 60.9 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit margin | 15.5 | % |  | 14.3 | % |  | 8.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from operations | 30,117 |  |  | 15,283 |  |  | 97.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

Net sales in the agricultural segment were $309.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to $208.8 million for the comparable period in 2021, an increase of 48.3%. Net sales was driven by price/product mix and volume due to significant demand increases in the global agricultural market, reflective of improved farm commodity prices and increased farmer income, the need for replacement of an aging large equipment fleet and the need to replenish equipment inventory levels within the equipment dealer channels. Pricing is primarily reflective of increases in raw material and other inflationary cost increases in the markets, including freight. The overall increase in net sales was partially offset by unfavorable currency translation, primarily in Europe of 5.7%.
Gross profit in the agricultural segment was $47.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to $29.8 million in the comparable quarter of 2021, which was an improvement of 60.9%. The increase in gross profit and margin is primarily attributable to the impact of increases in net sales as described previously and cost reduction and productivity initiatives executed across global production facilities. The Company balanced the increases of related raw materials and other inflationary cost impacts with corresponding price increases to protect profitability.
Income from operations in Titan's agricultural segment was $30.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to income of $15.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The overall increase in income from operations is attributable to higher gross profit and overall cost reduction initiatives.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Earthmoving/Construction Segment Results
Earthmoving/construction segment results for the periods presented below were as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) | Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Increase |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 201,259 |  |  | $ | 164,807 |  |  | 22.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 31,375 |  |  | 19,742 |  |  | 58.9 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit margin | 15.6 | % |  | 12.0 | % |  | 30.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from operations | 15,840 |  |  | 5,575 |  |  | 184.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

The Company's earthmoving/construction segment net sales were $201.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to $164.8 million in the comparable quarter of 2021, an increase of 22.1%. The increase in earthmoving/construction net sales was driven by increased price/product mix and volume, which were primarily due to improvements in global economic conditions and recovery in construction markets, including the return to normalized supply and demand levels after the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in previous years. Pricing increases were implemented because of inflationary input costs. Net sales was unfavorably impacted by foreign currency translation in Europe, which decreased net sales by 3.0%.
Gross profit in the earthmoving/construction segment was $31.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to $19.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase in gross profit and margin was primarily driven by continued improved production efficiencies stemming from the strong management actions taken to improve profitability for the long-term. Again, the Company balanced the increases related to raw materials and other inflationary cost impacts with corresponding price increases to protect profitability.
The Company's earthmoving/construction segment income from operations was $15.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to income of $5.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. This improvement was due to increases in sales price, volume, and continued execution of cost containment measures taken to manage profitability.
Consumer Segment Results
Consumer segment results for the periods presented below were as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) | Three months ended |  |
| March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Increase |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 45,138 |  |  | $ | 29,952 |  |  | 50.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 7,430 |  |  | 3,734 |  |  | 99.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit margin | 16.5 | % |  | 12.5 | % |  | 32.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Income from operations | 4,882 |  |  | 1,667 |  |  | 192.9 | % |  |  |  |  |  |

Consumer segment net sales were $45.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to $30.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, an increase of approximately 50.7%. The increase was driven by favorable price/product mix and volume impact to net sales. Demand increases related to utility truck tires in Latin America increased during the first quarter of 2022. The Company has also experienced growth related to specialty products in the United States, primarily custom mixing of rubber stock to third parties. Net sales were unfavorably impacted by foreign currency translation in Russia and Europe, which decreased net sales by 2.2%.
Gross profit from the consumer segment was $7.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 due primarily to sales growth, increased price/product mix and the positive impact of sales volume increase on overhead absorption.
Consumer segment income from operations was $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to a income of $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 due to increase in gross profit as mentioned previously.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Corporate & Unallocated Expenses
Income from operations on a segment basis did not include unallocated loss of $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, and $8.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Unallocated expenses are primarily comprised of corporate selling, general and administrative expenses. The change was due to reductions in certain SG&A expenses primarily associated with investments to improve our supply chain and logistics processes in 2021 which did not occur in 2022.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash Flows
As of March 31, 2022, the Company had $98.1 million of cash, which remained consistent with December 31, 2021 ending balance, due to the following items:
Operating Cash Flows
Summary of cash flows from operating activities:

(Amounts in thousands) | Three months ended March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change
Net income | $ | 24,578 |  |  | $ | 13,223 |  |  | $ | 11,355 |
Depreciation and amortization | 11,348 |  |  | 12,560 |  |  | (1,212) |
Deferred income tax provision | 995 |  |  | (402) |  |  | 1,397 |
Loss on sale of the Australian wheel business | 10,890 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,890 |
Foreign currency translation gain | (5,448) |  |  | (9,571) |  |  | 4,123 |
Accounts receivable | (57,332) |  |  | (63,803) |  |  | 6,471 |
Inventories | (34,240) |  |  | (27,313) |  |  | (6,927) |
Prepaid and other current assets | (9,606) |  |  | (3,297) |  |  | (6,309) |
Accounts payable | 23,918 |  |  | 60,581 |  |  | (36,663) |
Other current liabilities | 13,728 |  |  | 401 |  |  | 13,327 |
Other liabilities | 2,244 |  |  | 898 |  |  | 1,346 |
Other operating activities | 408 |  |  | 761 |  |  | (353) |
Cash used for operating activities | $ | (18,517) |  |  | $ | (15,962) |  |  | $ | (2,555) |

In the first three months of 2022, cash flows used for operating activities was $18.5 million, driven primarily by increases in accounts receivable of $57.3 million and increases in inventory of $34.2 million, offset partially by increases in accounts payable of $23.9 million. Growth in these liquid working capital balances relates to the increase in sales activity during the period. Included in the net income of $24.6 million was a non-cash charge for depreciation and amortization expense of $11.3 million and the loss on sale of the Australian wheel business of $10.9 million.
Operating cash flows decreased by $2.6 million when comparing the first three months of 2022 to the comparable period in 2021, which is due to managed investments in working capital to support the business growth, and partially offset by the impact of higher profitability in 2022 and the loss on sale of the Australian wheel business.
Summary of the components of cash conversion cycle:

| March 31, |  | December 31, |  | March 31,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2021
Days sales outstanding | 51 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 57 |
Days inventory outstanding | 84 |  |  | 86 |  |  | 84 |
Days payable outstanding | (60) |  |  | (61) |  |  | (59) |
Cash conversion cycle | 75 |  |  | 73 |  |  | 82 |

Cash conversion cycle decreased by 7 days when comparing the quarter ended March 31, 2022 to March 31, 2021. It is due to strategic improvement in working capital management, including continued focus on customer cash collections.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Investing Cash Flows
Summary of cash flows from investing activities:

(Amounts in thousands) | Three months ended March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change
Capital expenditures | $ | (7,637) |  |  | $ | (8,861) |  |  | $ | 1,224 |
Proceeds from the sale of the Australian wheel business | 9,293 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,293 |
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets | 756 |  |  | 545 |  |  | 211 |
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities | $ | 2,412 |  |  | $ | (8,316) |  |  | $ | 10,728 |

Net cash provided by investing activities was $2.4 million in the first three months of 2022, as compared to net cash used for investing activities of $8.3 million in the first three months of 2021. The Company invested a total of $7.6 million in capital expenditures in the first three months of 2022, compared to $8.9 million in the comparable period of 2021. Capital expenditures during the first three months of 2022 and 2021 represent equipment replacement and improvements, along with new tools, dies and molds related to new product development, as the Company seeks to enhance the Company’s manufacturing capabilities and drive productivity gains. Cash provided by investing activities for the first three months of 2022 includes $9.3 million from proceeds for the sale of the Australian wheel business.
Financing Cash Flows
Summary of cash flows from financing activities:

(Amounts in thousands) | Three months ended March 31, |  |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change
Proceeds from borrowings | $ | 76,782 |  |  | $ | 21,881 |  |  | $ | 54,901 |
Repurchase of common stock | (25,000) |  |  | — |  |  | (25,000) |
Payment on debt | (39,483) |  |  | (12,398) |  |  | (27,085) |
Other financing activities | (586) |  |  | (2,409) |  |  | 1,823 |
Cash provided by financing activities | $ | 11,713 |  |  | $ | 7,074 |  |  | $ | 4,639 |

During the first three months of 2022, $11.7 million of cash was provided by financing activities. Proceeds from borrowings provided $76.8 million, which was offset by repurchase of common stock of $25.0 million and payment on debt of $39.5 million. Borrowing on the domestic revolving credit facility occurred during the first three months of 2022 primarily to facilitate the repurchasing of the Company's common stock from RDIF, resulting in an outstanding balance of $63.0 million at March 31, 2022 as compared to $30.0 million at December 31, 2021.
Debt Restrictions
The Company’s $125 million revolving credit facility (credit facility) and indenture relating to the 7.00% senior secured notes due 2028 contain various restrictions, including:
•When remaining availability under the credit facility is less than 10% of the total commitment under the credit facility ($12.5 million as of March 31, 2022), the Company is required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.0 to 1.0 (calculated quarterly on a trailing four quarter basis);
•Limits on dividends and repurchases of the Company’s stock;
•Restrictions on the ability of the Company to make additional borrowings, or to consolidate, merge, or otherwise fundamentally change the ownership of the Company;
•Limitations on investments, dispositions of assets, and guarantees of indebtedness; and
•Other customary affirmative and negative covenants.
These restrictions could limit the Company’s ability to respond to market conditions, provide for unanticipated capital investments, raise additional debt or equity capital, pay dividends, or take advantage of business opportunities, including future acquisitions.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Liquidity Outlook
At March 31, 2022, the Company had $98.1 million of cash and cash equivalents. At March 31, 2022, under the Company's $125 million credit facility, there were $63.0 million in borrowings, $9.1 million in outstanding letters of credit, and the amount available totaled $52.9 million. Titan's availability under this credit facility may be less than $125 million as a result of outstanding letters of credit and eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances at certain domestic subsidiaries. The cash and cash equivalents balance of $98.1 million included $82.1 million held in foreign countries, with the percentage of foreign cash being similar to recent historical levels.
We are expecting full year capital expenditures to be around $45 million to $50 million. Cash payments for interest are currently forecasted to be approximately $30 million for the remainder of 2022 based on March 31, 2022 debt balances. The forecasted interest payments are comprised primarily of the semi-annual payments totaling $28 million (paid in April and October) for the 7.00% senior secured notes.
Cash and cash equivalents, totaling $98.1 million at March 31, 2022, along with anticipated internal cash flows from operations and utilization of availability on global credit facilities, are expected to provide sufficient liquidity for working capital needs, debt maturities, and capital expenditures. Potential divestitures and unencumbered assets are also a means to provide for future liquidity needs.
As previously mentioned, the Company refinanced its $400 million senior secured notes during the second quarter of 2021 resulting in extension of the due date from 2023 to 2028. During the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company amended and extended the credit and security agreement with respect to the revolving credit facility with agent BMO Harris Bank N.A. and other financial institutions party thereto. The credit facility increased to $125 million and can be expanded by up to $50 million through an accordion provision within the agreement. The amended credit facility has a five-year term with the new maturity occurring in October 2026.
During 2021, Moody’s Investors Service and S&P Global both upgraded the Company’s credit rating for its senior secured notes due to the Company's improved financial position and favorable demand recovery in its end markets, specifically agricultural equipment. The Company is managing the current business cycle and does not anticipate that this impact will cause the Company to violate any financial covenants with respect to its debt agreements.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
There were no material changes in the Company’s Critical Accounting Estimates since the filing of the 2021 Form 10-K. As discussed in the 2021 Form 10-K, the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions. Refer to Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies in Part I, Item 1, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of the Company’s updated accounting policies.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Titan is exposed to market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, and commodity price fluctuations. Our exposure to market risk has not changed materially since December 31, 2021. For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see Item 7A - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included in the 2021 Form 10-K.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Titan management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act)) as of March 31, 2022. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2022, Titan's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Titan in the reports that
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported accurately and within the time frames specified in the SEC's rules and forms and accumulated and communicated to Titan management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Controls
There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the first quarter of fiscal year 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
Because of its inherent limitations, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements or fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Due to the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.
These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur due to simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
The Company is subject, from time to time, to certain legal proceedings and claims arising out of the normal course of its business, which cover a wide range of matters, including environmental issues, product liability, contracts, and labor and employment matters. See Note 16- Litigation in Part I, Item 1, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for further discussion, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. Risk Factors to the 2021 Form 10-K.
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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Item 6. Exhibits

31.1 | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32 | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 | The cover page from this Current Report on Form 10-Q formatted as inline XBRL

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TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
| (Registrant)

Date: | May 2, 2022 | By: | /s/ PAUL G. REITZ
|  |  | Paul G. Reitz
|  |  | President and Chief Executive Officer
|  |  | (Principal Executive Officer)

| By: | /s/ DAVID A. MARTIN
|  | David A. Martin
|  | SVP and Chief Financial Officer
|  | (Principal Financial Officer)

36