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Accounting policies (Policies) | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2021
Accounting policies |
Basis of consolidation | Basis of consolidation: The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company’s (i) wholly-owned subsidiaries, Aerex Industries, Inc. (“Aerex”), Aquilex, Inc. (“Aquilex”), Cayman Water Company Limited (“Cayman Water”), Ocean Conversion (Cayman) Limited (“OC-Cayman”), DesalCo Limited (“DesalCo”), Consolidated Water Cooperatief, U.A. (“CW-Cooperatief”), Consolidated Water U.S. Holdings, Inc. (“CW-Holdings”); and (ii) majority-owned subsidiaries Consolidated Water (Bahamas) Ltd. (“CW-Bahamas”), N.S.C. Agua, S.A. de C.V. (“NSC”), Aguas de Rosarito S.A.P.I. de C.V. (“AdR”), and PERC Water Corporation ("PERC"). The Company’s investment in its affiliate Ocean Conversion (BVI) Ltd. (“OC-BVI”) is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. These condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (which are of a normal recurring nature) that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to fairly present the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented. The results of operations for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for future periods, including the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021. These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are presented in accordance with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) relating to interim financial statements and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted in these condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to SEC rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures made herein are adequate to make the information not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Foreign currency | Foreign currency: The Company’s reporting currency is the United States dollar (“US$”). The functional currency of the Company and its foreign operating subsidiaries (other than NSC, AdR, and CW-Cooperatief) is the currency for each respective country. The functional currency for NSC, AdR, and CW-Cooperatief is the US$. NSC and AdR conduct business in US$ and Mexican pesos and CW-Cooperatief conducts business in US$ and euros. The exchange rates for the Cayman Islands dollar and the Bahamian dollar are fixed to the US$. The exchange rates for conversion of Mexican pesos and euros into US$ vary based upon market conditions. Net foreign currency gains arising from transactions and re-measurements were $14,159 and $24,456 for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $14,051 and $41,299 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are included in “Other income - Other” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income (loss).
Cash and cash equivalents | Cash and cash equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents consist of demand deposits at banks and highly liquid deposits at banks with an original maturity of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 include approximately $8.5 million and $8.5 million, respectively, of certificates of deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. Certain transfers from the Company’s Bahamas bank accounts to Company bank accounts in other countries require the approval of the Central Bank of The Bahamas. The equivalent United States dollar cash balances for deposits held in The Bahamas as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were approximately $7.6 million and $15.9 million, respectively. Goodwill and intangible assets: Goodwill represents the excess cost over the fair value of the assets of an acquired business. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business combination accounted for as a purchase and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized but are tested for impairment at least annually. Intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed periodically for impairment. The Company evaluates the possible impairment of goodwill annually as part of its reporting process for the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. Management identifies the Company’s reporting units, which consist of the retail, bulk, services, and manufacturing business segments, and determines the carrying value of each reporting unit by assigning the assets and liabilities, including the existing goodwill and intangible assets, to those reporting units. The Company determines the fair value of each reporting unit and compares the fair value to the carrying amount of the reporting unit. To the extent the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, an impairment loss is recorded. ​ For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company estimated the fair value of its reporting units by applying the discounted cash flow method, which relied upon seven-year discrete projections of operating results, working capital and capital expenditures, along with a terminal value subsequent to the discrete period. These seven-year projections were based upon historical and anticipated future results, general economic and market conditions, and considered the impact of planned business and operational strategies. The discount rates for the calculations represented the estimated cost of capital for market participants at the time of each analysis. ​ The Company also estimated the fair value of each of it reporting units for the year ended December 31, 2020 by applying the guideline public company method. ​ The Company weighted the fair values estimated for each of its reporting units under each method and summed such weighted fair values to estimate the overall fair value for each reporting unit. The respective weightings the Company applied to each method for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | As of December 31, 2020
Method |  | Retail |  | Bulk |  | Services |  | Manufacturing |
Discounted cash flow |  | 80 | % | 80 | % | 80 | % | 80 | %
Guideline public company |  | 20 | % | 20 | % | 20 | % | 20 | %
Mergers and acquisitions |  | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | %
​ |  | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | %
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
The fair values the Company estimated for its retail, bulk, services and manufacturing reporting units exceeded their carrying amounts by 101%, 49%, 17%, and 31% respectively, as of December 31, 2020. ​ Approximately 87% and 86% of Aerex’s revenue, and 91% and 84% of Aerex’s gross profit, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, were generated from sales to one customer. Approximately 80% of Aerex’s revenue, and 89% of Aerex’s gross profit, for the year ended December 31, 2020 were generated from sales to this customer. In October 2020, this customer informed Aerex that, for inventory management purposes, it was suspending its purchases from Aerex following 2020 for a period of approximately one year. This customer informed Aerex at that time that it expected to recommence its purchases from Aerex beginning with the first quarter of 2022. As a result of this anticipated loss of revenue for Aerex, the Company updated its projections for its manufacturing reporting unit’s future cash flows. Such projections assumed, in part, that Aerex’s major customer would recommence its purchases from Aerex in 2022 but at a reduced aggregate amount, as compared to 2020. Based upon these updated projections, the Company tested its manufacturing reporting unit’s goodwill for possible impairment as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020 using the discounted cash flow and guideline public companies methods, with a weighting of 80% and 20% applied to these two methods, respectively. As a result of these impairment tests, the Company determined that the estimated fair value of our manufacturing reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by approximately 22% as of September 30, 2020 and 31% as of December 31, 2020. In late July 2021, this former major customer communicated to Aerex that it expected to recommence its purchases from Aerex in 2022 and subsequent years, but informed Aerex that such purchases would be at substantially reduced annual amounts, as compared to the amounts it had purchased from Aerex in 2020 and prior years. The updated sales estimate for this customer based on this new information is substantially below the sales previously anticipated to this customer for 2022 and subsequent years that the Company used in the discounted cash flow projections prepared for purposes of testing the manufacturing reporting unit’s goodwill for possible impairment as of December 31, 2020. Aerex’s efforts to replace the revenue previously generated from this customer with revenue from existing and new customers have been adversely impacted by the continuing negative economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which have increased Aerex’s raw material costs, resulted in raw material shortages and extended delivery times for such materials and, the Company believes, also adversely affected the overall financial condition of Aerex’s current and prospective customer base. Accordingly, in light of this new information from Aerex’s former major customer, and present weak economic conditions that the Company believes will continue into 2022, the Company updated its projections of future cash flows for its manufacturing reporting unit and tested its goodwill for possible impairment as of June 30, 2021 using the discounted cash flow and guideline public company methods, with a weighting of 80% and 20% applied to these two methods, respectively. Based upon this testing, the Company determined that the carrying value of its manufacturing reporting unit exceeded its fair value by $2.9 million, and the Company recorded an impairment loss to reduce its manufacturing reporting unit’s goodwill by this amount for the three months ended June 30, 2021. If it is determined in the future that Aerex’s future cash inflows will be less than the Company’s present expectations, it may be required to record additional impairment losses to reduce the remaining carrying values as of June 30, 2021 of the manufacturing reporting unit’s goodwill of $1,985,211 and the unamortized balance of its intangible assets of $894,444 associated with the acquisition of Aerex. Any such impairment losses could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations.
Revenue recognition | Revenue recognition: Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The following table presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated by revenue source (unaudited). ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
​ |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Retail revenue | ​ | $ | 5,674,790 | ​ | $ | 5,966,296 | ​ | $ | 11,386,095 | ​ | $ | 13,223,728
Bulk revenue | ​ |  | 6,711,971 | ​ |  | 5,866,397 | ​ |  | 12,957,941 | ​ |  | 12,306,681
Services revenue | ​ |  | 3,763,239 | ​ |  | 3,476,000 | ​ |  | 7,304,085 | ​ |  | 6,590,813
Manufacturing revenue | ​ |  | 551,524 | ​ |  | 3,778,554 | ​ |  | 2,156,720 | ​ |  | 7,691,746
Total revenue | ​ | $ | 16,701,524 | ​ | $ | 19,087,247 | ​ | $ | 33,804,841 | ​ | $ | 39,812,968
​ Retail revenue The Company produces and supplies water to end-users, including residential, commercial and governmental customers in the Cayman Islands under an exclusive retail license issued to Cayman Water by the Cayman Islands government to provide water in two of the three most populated areas on Grand Cayman Island. Customers are billed on a monthly basis based on metered consumption and bills are typically collected within 30 to 35 days after the billing date. The Company recognizes revenue from water sales at the time water is supplied to the customer’s premises. The amount of water supplied is determined and invoiced based upon water meter readings performed at the end of each month. All retail water contracts are month-to-month contracts. The Company has elected the “right to invoice” practical expedient for revenue recognition on its retail water sale contracts and recognizes revenue in the amount to which the Company has a right to invoice. Bulk revenue The Company produces and supplies water to government-owned distributors in the Cayman Islands and The Bahamas. OC-Cayman provides bulk water to the Water Authority-Cayman (“WAC”), a government-owned utility and regulatory agency, under two agreements. The WAC in turn distributes such water to properties in Grand Cayman outside of Cayman Water’s retail license area. The Company sells bulk water in The Bahamas through its majority-owned subsidiary, CW-Bahamas, under two agreements with the Water and Sewerage Corporation of The Bahamas (“WSC”), which distributes such water through its own pipeline system to residential, commercial and tourist properties on the Island of New Providence. CW-Bahamas also sold water to a private resort on Bimini through December 18, 2020, which generated revenue of approximately $29,000 and $71,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. The Company has elected the “right to invoice” practical expedient for revenue recognition on its bulk water sale contracts and recognizes revenue in the amount to which the Company has a right to invoice. Services and Manufacturing revenue The Company provides design, engineering, management, procurement and construction services for desalination infrastructure through DesalCo, which serves customers in the Cayman Islands, The Bahamas and the British Virgin Islands. The Company also develops, builds, sells, operates and manages water, wastewater and water reuse infrastructure through PERC. All of PERC's customers are companies or governmental entities located in the U.S. The Company, through Aerex, is a custom and specialty manufacturer of water treatment-related systems and products applicable to commercial, municipal and industrial water production. Substantially all of Aerex’s customers are U.S. companies. The Company generates services revenue from DesalCo and PERC and generates manufacturing revenue from Aerex. The Company recognizes revenue for its construction and specialized/custom manufacturing contracts over time under the input method using costs incurred (which represents work performed) to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying its performance obligations as such measure best reflects the transfer of control of the promised good to the customer. Contract costs include labor, materials and amounts payable to subcontractors. The Company follows this method since it can make reasonably dependable estimates of the revenue and costs applicable to the various stages of a contract. Under this input method, the Company records revenue and recognizes profit or loss as work on the contract progresses. The Company estimates total project costs and profit to be earned on each long-term, fixed price contract prior to commencement of work on the contract and updates these estimates as work on the contract progresses. The cumulative amount of revenue recorded on a contract at a specified point in time is that percentage of total estimated revenue that incurred costs to date comprises of estimated total contract costs. If, as work progresses, the actual contract costs exceed estimates, the profit recognized on revenue from that contract decreases. The Company recognizes the full amount of any estimated loss on a contract at the time the estimates indicate such a loss. Any contract assets are classified as current assets. Contract liabilities on uncompleted contracts, if any, are classified as current liabilities. The Company has elected the “right to invoice” practical expedient for revenue recognition on its services agreements and recognizes revenue in the amount to which the Company has a right to invoice. Revenue recognized and amounts billed on contracts in progress are summarized as follows:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | June 30, 2021 | ​ | December 31, 2020
Revenue recognized to date on contracts in progress |  | $ | 6,434,715 | ​ | $ | 17,534,449
Amounts billed to date on contracts in progress | ​ |  | (6,277,688) | ​ |  | (17,791,928)
Retainage | ​ | ​ | 244,025 | ​ | ​ | 312,130
Net contract asset | ​ | $ | 401,052 | ​ | $ | 54,651
​ The above net balances are reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows:
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | June 30, 2021 | ​ | December 31, 2020
Contract assets |  | $ | 415,633 |  | $ | 516,521
Contract liabilities | ​ |  | (14,581) | ​ |  | (461,870)
Net contract asset | ​ | $ | 401,052 | ​ | $ | 54,651
​ As of June 30, 2021, the Company had unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts in progress representing approximately $1.2 million in aggregate transaction price for contracts with an original expected length of greater than one year. The Company expects to earn revenue as it satisfies its performance obligations under those contracts in the amount of approximately $0.5 million during the remainder of the year ending December 31, 2021 and approximately $0.7 million thereafter. Practical Expedients and Exemptions The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed.
Comparative amounts | Comparative amounts: Certain amounts presented in the financial statements previously issued for 2020 have been reclassified to conform to the current periods’ presentation.

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