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Investments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] |
Schedule of Fair Value of Equity Securities | The following table details fixed maturity available-for-sale securities, by major investment category, at December 31, 2020 and 2019:
| Cost or Adjusted/Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and agency securities | $ | 129,417 |  |  | $ | 1,147 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | 130,425 |
Foreign government | 1,374 |  |  | 142 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,516 |
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 132,336 |  |  | 2,318 |  |  | 272 |  |  | 134,382 |
Public utilities | 29,526 |  |  | 482 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 29,980 |
Corporate securities | 285,814 |  |  | 6,633 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 292,329 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 285,639 |  |  | 3,039 |  |  | 466 |  |  | 288,212 |
Asset-backed securities | 56,351 |  |  | 525 |  |  | 219 |  |  | 56,657 |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 6,257 |  |  | 266 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 6,510 |
Total fixed maturities | $ | 926,714 |  |  | $ | 14,552 |  |  | $ | 1,255 |  |  | $ | 940,011 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and agency securities | $ | 120,260 |  |  | $ | 749 |  |  | $ | 193 |  |  | $ | 120,816 |
Foreign government | 3,975 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 4,071 |
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 131,203 |  |  | 2,611 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 133,751 |
Public utilities | 24,660 |  |  | 700 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 25,334 |
Corporate securities | 281,892 |  |  | 7,123 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 288,872 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 248,206 |  |  | 4,174 |  |  | 477 |  |  | 251,903 |
Asset-backed securities | 56,487 |  |  | 683 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 57,129 |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 2,915 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2,985 |
Total fixed maturities | $ | 869,598 |  |  | $ | 16,209 |  |  | $ | 946 |  |  | $ | 884,861 |
Equity securities are summarized as follows at:
|  | December 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
|  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Percent of Total |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Percent of Total
Mutual funds |  | $ | 152 |  |  | 2.0 | % |  | $ | 65,453 |  |  | 56.1 | %
Public utilities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,663 |  |  | 3.1 |
Other common stocks |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 44,492 |  |  | 38.2 |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks |  | 7,293 |  |  | 98.0 |  |  | 3,002 |  |  | 2.6 |
Total equity securities |  | $ | 7,445 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 116,610 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Schedule of Realized Gain (Loss) | The following table details our realized gains (losses) by major investment category for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
| Gains (Losses) |  | Fair Value at Sale |  | Gains (Losses) |  | Fair Value at Sale |  | Gains (Losses) |  | Fair Value at Sale
Fixed maturities | $ | 32,460 |  |  | $ | 678,736 |  |  | $ | 1,678 |  |  | $ | 209,302 |  |  | $ | 373 |  |  | $ | 41,776 |
Equity securities | 38,325 |  |  | 131,178 |  |  | 94 |  |  | 814 |  |  | 2,828 |  |  | 6,073 |
Short-term investments | — |  |  | 1,346 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,863 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total realized gains | 70,785 |  |  | 811,260 |  |  | 1,772 |  |  | 213,979 |  |  | 3,201 |  |  | 47,849 |
Fixed maturities | (478) |  |  | 16,552 |  |  | (324) |  |  | 43,573 |  |  | (1,376) |  |  | 135,944 |
Equity securities | (3,602) |  |  | 13,805 |  |  | (219) |  |  | 1,387 |  |  | (170) |  |  | 995 |
Short-term investments | (14) |  |  | 1,258 |  |  | (1) |  |  | 1,035 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total realized losses | (4,094) |  |  | 31,615 |  |  | (544) |  |  | 45,995 |  |  | (1,546) |  |  | 136,939 |
Net realized investment gains | $ | 66,691 |  |  | $ | 842,875 |  |  | $ | 1,228 |  |  | $ | 259,974 |  |  | $ | 1,655 |  |  | $ | 184,788 |
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date | The table below summarizes our fixed maturities at December 31, 2020 by contractual maturity periods. Actual results may differ as issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations, with or without penalties, prior to the contractual maturities of those obligations.
| December 31, 2020
| Cost or Amortized Cost |  | Percent of Total |  | Fair Value |  | Percent of Total
Due in one year or less | $ | 66,420 |  |  | 7.2 | % |  | $ | 66,921 |  |  | 7.1 | %
Due after one year through five years | 209,129 |  |  | 22.6 | % |  | 214,742 |  |  | 22.8 | %
Due after five years through ten years | 295,036 |  |  | 31.8 | % |  | 299,230 |  |  | 31.9 | %
Due after ten years | 14,139 |  |  | 1.5 | % |  | 14,249 |  |  | 1.5 | %
Asset and mortgage-backed securities | 341,990 |  |  | 36.9 | % |  | 344,869 |  |  | 36.7 | %
Total | $ | 926,714 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 940,011 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Investment Income | The following table summarizes our net investment income by major investment category:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Fixed maturities | $ | 21,789 |  |  | $ | 23,267 |  |  | $ | 22,043 |
Equity securities | 2,155 |  |  | 2,474 |  |  | 2,206 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,329 |  |  | 4,118 |  |  | 1,953 |
Other investments | 38 |  |  | 1,253 |  |  | 942 |
Other assets | 178 |  |  | 117 |  |  | 57 |
Investment income | 25,489 |  |  | 31,229 |  |  | 27,201 |
Investment expenses | (1,364) |  |  | (1,084) |  |  | (1,031) |
Net investment income | $ | 24,125 |  |  | $ | 30,145 |  |  | $ | 26,170 |
Schedule of Unrealized Loss on Investments | The following table presents an aging of our unrealized investment losses by investment class:
| Less Than Twelve Months |  | Twelve Months or More
| Number of Securities(1) |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Number of Securities(1) |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and agency securities | 44 |  |  | $ | 129 |  |  | $ | 40,341 |  |  | 18 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 10,482 |
Foreign governments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 22 |  |  | 272 |  |  | 30,538 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Public utilities | 8 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 9,472 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Corporate securities | 40 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 25,052 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 753 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 87 |  |  | 397 |  |  | 100,171 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 3,479 |
Asset backed securities | 21 |  |  | 207 |  |  | 17,682 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 988 |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 5 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 358 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total fixed maturities | 227 |  |  | $ | 1,162 |  |  | $ | 223,614 |  |  | 30 |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | 15,702 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and agency securities | 37 |  |  | $ | 89 |  |  | $ | 26,372 |  |  | 39 |  |  | $ | 104 |  |  | $ | 31,364 |
Foreign governments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 600 |
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 31 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 14,508 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 1,262 |
Public utilities | 9 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 4,626 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 250 |
Corporate securities | 42 |  |  | 124 |  |  | 22,435 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 9,605 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 89 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 59,101 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 155 |  |  | 12,738 |
Asset-backed securities | 15 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 8,447 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1,259 |
Redeemable preferred stocks | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 97 |
Total fixed maturities | 223 |  |  | $ | 655 |  |  | $ | 135,489 |  |  | 128 |  |  | $ | 291 |  |  | $ | 57,175 |
(1) This amount represents the actual number of discrete securities, not the number of shares or units of those securities. The numbers are not presented in thousands.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Instruments Measured on a Recurring Basis | The following table presents the fair value of our financial instruments measured on a recurring basis by level at December 31, 2020 and 2019:
| Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and agency securities | $ | 130,425 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 130,425 |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign government | 1,516 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,516 |  |  | — |
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 134,382 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,382 |  |  | — |
Public utilities | 29,980 |  |  | — |  |  | 29,980 |  |  | — |
Corporate securities | 292,329 |  |  | — |  |  | 292,329 |  |  | — |
Mortgage-backed securities | 288,212 |  |  | — |  |  | 288,212 |  |  | — |
Asset-backed securities | 56,657 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,657 |  |  | — |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 6,510 |  |  | 1,554 |  |  | 4,956 |  |  | — |
Total fixed maturities | 940,011 |  |  | 1,554 |  |  | 938,457 |  |  | — |
Mutual funds | 152 |  |  | 152 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Public utilities | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other common stocks | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | 7,293 |  |  | 7,293 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total equity securities | 7,445 |  |  | 7,445 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other investments (1) | 38,002 |  |  | 300 |  |  | 37,702 |  |  | — |
Total investments | $ | 985,458 |  |  | $ | 9,299 |  |  | $ | 976,159 |  |  | $ | — |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government and agency securities | $ | 120,816 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 120,816 |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign government | 4,071 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,071 |  |  | — |
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 133,751 |  |  | — |  |  | 133,751 |  |  | — |
Public utilities | 25,334 |  |  | — |  |  | 25,334 |  |  | — |
Corporate securities | 288,872 |  |  | — |  |  | 288,872 |  |  | — |
Mortgage-backed securities | 251,903 |  |  | — |  |  | 251,903 |  |  | — |
Asset-backed securities | 57,129 |  |  | — |  |  | 57,129 |  |  | — |
Redeemable preferred stocks | 2,985 |  |  | 747 |  |  | 2,238 |  |  | — |
Total fixed maturities | 884,861 |  |  | 747 |  |  | 884,114 |  |  | — |
Mutual Funds | 65,453 |  |  | 65,453 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Public utilities | 3,663 |  |  | 3,663 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other common stocks | 44,492 |  |  | 44,492 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | 3,002 |  |  | 3,002 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total equity securities | 116,610 |  |  | 116,610 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other investments (1) | 499 |  |  | 300 |  |  | 199 |  |  | — |
Total investments | $ | 1,001,970 |  |  | $ | 117,657 |  |  | $ | 884,313 |  |  | $ | — |
(1) Other long-term investments included in the fair value hierarchy exclude these other limited partnership interests that are measured at estimated fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient.
Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Instruments with Unobservable Inputs | The information presented in the table below is as of December 31, 2020 and 2019:
|  | Book Value |  | Unrealized Gain |  | Unrealized Loss |  | Fair Value
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Limited partnership investments (1) |  | $ | 9,532 |  |  | $ | 225 |  |  | $ | 164 |  |  | $ | 9,593 |
Certificates of deposit |  | 300 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 300 |
Short-term investments |  | 37,703 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 37,702 |
Total other investments |  | $ | 47,535 |  |  | $ | 225 |  |  | $ | 165 |  |  | $ | 47,595 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Limited partnership investments (1) |  | $ | 7,568 |  |  | $ | 2,236 |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 9,753 |
Certificates of deposit |  | 300 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 300 |
Short-term investments |  | 199 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 199 |
Total other investments |  | $ | 8,067 |  |  | $ | 2,236 |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 10,252 |
(1) Distributions will be generated from investment gains, from operating income, from underlying investments of the funds, and from liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds. We estimate that the underlying assets of the funds will be liquidated over the next few months to seven years.
Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents | The following table presents the components of restricted assets:
| December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
Trust funds | $ | 61,142 |  |  | $ | 70,668 |
Cash on deposit (regulatory deposits) | 936 |  |  | 920 |
Total restricted cash | $ | 62,078 |  |  | $ | 71,588 |
Securities on deposit | The table below shows the carrying value of those securities held on deposit with regulators.
| December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
Invested assets on deposit (regulatory deposits) | $ | 4,023 |  |  | $ | 4,599 |

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