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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share-based Compensation, Activity
The following table presents our total stock-based compensation expense:
Year Ended
202420232022
Employee stock-based compensation expense
     Pre-tax (1)
$2,097 $1,082 $1,230 
     Post-tax (2)
1,657 855 972 
Director stock-based compensation expense
     Pre-tax (1)
448 174 158 
     Post-tax (2)
354 137 125 
(1) This table does not include withholding of vested shares for tax liabilities, which totaled $1,359,000, $24,000 and $25,000 in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
(2) The after-tax amounts are determined using the 21% corporate federal tax rate.
Schedule of Nonvested Share Activity
The following table presents certain information related to the activity of our non-vested common stock grants:
Number of Restricted SharesWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021336,596 $6.99 
Granted907,907 1.97 
Less: Forfeited383,876 3.43 
Less: Vested146,388 6.00 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
714,239 $2.73 
Granted45,000 5.25 
Less: Forfeited132,259 3.16 
Less: Vested181,334 3.25 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
445,646 $2.64 
Granted (1)
598,713 7.41 
Less: Forfeited
1,476 4.56 
Less: Vested436,472 3.36 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
606,411 $6.23 
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions The following weighted-average assumptions were used to value the stock options granted:
20242023
Expected annual dividend yield—  %—  %
Expected volatility86.92  %80.84  %
Risk-free interest rate4.37  %3.44  %
Expected term years years
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights Award Activity
The following table presents certain information related to the activity of our non-vested stock option grants:

Number of Stock OptionsWeighted Average Exercise PricesWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (3)
Outstanding as of December 31, 20211,147,215 $4.80 9.49 $792,000 
Granted635,643 1.70 — — 
Less: Forfeited426,480 2.91 — — 
Less: Exercised— — — — 
Less: Expired105,693 6.65 — — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
1,250,685 $3.71 7.66 $— 
Vested as of December 31, 2022
532,797 $7.26 8.03 $— 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2022
432,786 $5.25 5.10 $— 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
1,250,685 $3.71 7.66 $— 
Granted— — — — 
Less: Forfeited40,000 3.46 — — 
Less: Exercised20,000 3.46 — — 
Less: Expired161,925 3.05 — — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
1,028,760 $3.83 7.80 $6,151,000 
Vested as of December 31, 2023
920,818 $4.78 7.56 $3,071,000 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2023
580,568 $4.78 7.56 $3,071,000 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
1,028,760 $3.83 7.80 $6,151,000 
Granted(1)
196,275 4.82 — — 
Less: Forfeited— — — — 
Less: Exercised95,000 2.35 — — 
Less: Expired— — — — 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024
1,130,035 $4.12 7.21 $10,202,000 
Vested as of December 31, 2024 (2)
1,276,019 $4.30 6.79 $7,501,000 
Exercisable as of December 31, 2024
840,768 $4.30 6.79 $7,501,000