Loans

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]

(6.) LOANS

The Company’s loan portfolio consisted of the following as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Principal Amount Outstanding		Net Deferred Loan (Fees) Costs			Loans, Net
September 30, 2022
Commercial business	$	633,129	$	765		$	633,894
Commercial mortgage		1,567,888		(3,343	)		1,564,545
Residential real estate loans		564,180		13,641			577,821
Residential real estate lines		74,148		3,188			77,336
Consumer indirect		959,719		37,704			997,423
Other consumer		15,719		113			15,832
Total	$	3,814,783	$	52,068			3,866,851
Allowance for credit losses - loans							(44,106	)
Total loans, net						$	3,822,745
December 31, 2021
Commercial business	$	639,368	$	(1,075	)	$	638,293
Commercial mortgage		1,415,486		(2,698	)		1,412,788
Residential real estate loans		563,579		13,720			577,299
Residential real estate lines		75,515		3,016			78,531
Consumer indirect		923,052		34,996			958,048
Other consumer		14,355		122			14,477
Total	$	3,631,355	$	48,081			3,679,436
Allowance for credit losses - loans							(39,676	)
Total loans, net						$	3,639,760

Loans held for sale (not included above) were comprised entirely of residential real estate mortgages and totaled $2.1 million and $6.2 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The CARES Act was passed by Congress and signed into law on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act established the PPP, an expansion of the SBA’s 7(a) loan program and the EIDL, administered directly by the SBA. The Company had $2.9 million and $57.5 million of PPP loans (included in commercial business above) as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. In addition, the CARES Act provides that a financial institution may elect to suspend (1) the application of GAAP for certain loan modifications related to COVID-19 made between March 1, 2020 and January 1, 2022 that would otherwise be categorized as a TDR and (2) any determination that such loan modifications would be considered a TDR, including the related impairment for accounting purposes. Accordingly, the Company had $532.4 million of loans with modifications related to COVID-19 during 2020, with loans on deferral as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 of $2.2 million and $46.2 million, respectively.

The Company elected to exclude AIR from the amortized cost basis of loans disclosed throughout this footnote. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, AIR for loans totaled $13.7 million and $12.7 million, respectively, and is included in other assets on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition.

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

Past Due Loans Aging

The Company’s recorded investment, by loan class, in current and nonaccrual loans, as well as an analysis of accruing delinquent loans is set forth as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater Than 90 Days		Total Past Due		Nonaccrual		Current		Total Loans		Nonaccrual with no allowance
September 30, 2022
Commercial business	$	1,062	$	165	$	973	$	2,200	$	385	$	630,544	$	633,129	$	334
Commercial mortgage		—		—		13		13		830		1,567,045		1,567,888		807
Residential real estate loans		1,221		40		—		1,261		3,550		559,369		564,180		3,550
Residential real estate lines		86		—		—		86		119		73,943		74,148		119
Consumer indirect		7,533		2,015		—		9,548		2,666		947,505		959,719		2,666
Other consumer		134		5		—		139		—		15,580		15,719		—
Total loans, gross	$	10,036	$	2,225	$	986	$	13,247	$	7,550	$	3,793,986	$	3,814,783	$	7,476
December 31, 2021
Commercial business	$	659	$	34	$	797	$	1,490	$	602	$	637,276	$	639,368	$	477
Commercial mortgage		69		—		—		69		6,414		1,409,003		1,415,486		781
Residential real estate loans		1,148		141		—		1,289		2,373		559,917		563,579		2,373
Residential real estate lines		18		3		—		21		200		75,294		75,515		200
Consumer indirect		5,706		770		—		6,476		1,780		914,796		923,052		1,780
Other consumer		121		1		—		122		—		14,233		14,355		—
Total loans, gross	$	7,721	$	949	$	797	$	9,467	$	11,369	$	3,610,519	$	3,631,355	$	5,611

The Company had $973 thousand and $797 thousand of PPP loans greater than 90 days past due and still accruing interest as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (included in commercial business above). Repayment of PPP loans is 100% secured by guarantees from the SBA.

There were less than $1 thousand consumer overdrafts which were past due greater than 90 days as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Consumer overdrafts are overdrawn deposit accounts which have been reclassified as loans but by their terms do not accrue interest.

Interest income on nonaccrual loans, if recognized, is recorded using the cash basis method of accounting. There was no interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Estimated interest income of $447 thousand and $832 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, would have been recorded if all such loans had been accruing interest according to their original contractual terms.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

A modification of a loan constitutes a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession. Commercial loans modified in a TDR may involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions, reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, collateral concessions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance agreements, or substituting or adding a new borrower or guarantor.

There were no loans modified as a TDR during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. There were no loans modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months that defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. For purposes of this disclosure, a loan modified as a TDR is considered to have defaulted when the borrower becomes 90 days past due.

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

Collateral Dependent Loans

Management has determined that specific commercial loans on nonaccrual status, all loans that have had their terms restructured in a troubled debt restructuring, and other loans deemed appropriate by management where repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral to be collateral dependent loans. Collateral dependent loans at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 included certain criticized COVID-19 bridge loans not otherwise classified as nonaccrual. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by collateral type as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	Collateral type
	Business assets		Real property		Total		Specific Reserve
September 30, 2022
Commercial business	$	181	$	964	$	1,145	$	188
Commercial mortgage		—		22,833		22,833		2,527
Total	$	181	$	23,797	$	23,978	$	2,715

December 31, 2021
Commercial business	$	326	$	993	$	1,319	$	1,055
Commercial mortgage		—		37,936		37,936		4,716
Total	$	326	$	38,929	$	39,255	$	5,771

Credit Quality Indicators

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors such as the fair value of collateral. The Company analyzes commercial business and commercial mortgage loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Risk ratings are updated any time the situation warrants. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention: Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date.

Substandard: Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful: Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Loans that do not meet the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the process described above are considered “uncriticized” or pass-rated loans and are included in groups of homogeneous loans with similar risk and loss characteristics.

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

The following tables set forth the Company’s commercial loan portfolio, categorized by internally assigned asset classification, as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
September 30, 2022
Commercial Business
Uncriticized	$	94,295	$	112,228	$	74,868	$	33,470	$	40,635	$	26,151	$	244,693	$	—	$	626,340
Special mention		263		2,337		11		73		13		33		1,155		—		3,885
Substandard		—		38		76		22		567		1,001		1,965		—		3,669
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	94,558	$	114,603	$	74,955	$	33,565	$	41,215	$	27,185	$	247,813	$	—	$	633,894
Commercial Mortgage
Uncriticized	$	319,245	$	371,251	$	276,113	$	171,289	$	119,365	$	244,827	$	3,641	$	—	$	1,505,731
Special mention		—		473		2,345		9,877		129		22,688		—		—		35,512
Substandard		2,987		347		104		80		9,977		9,807		—		—		23,302
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	322,232	$	372,071	$	278,562	$	181,246	$	129,471	$	277,322	$	3,641	$	—	$	1,564,545


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
December 31, 2021
Commercial Business
Uncriticized	$	141,925	$	91,338	$	68,433	$	42,631	$	24,847	$	12,033	$	248,338	$	—	$	629,545
Special mention		—		132		166		44		180		1,344		1,993		—		3,859
Substandard		45		256		169		745		415		49		3,210		—		4,889
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	141,970	$	91,726	$	68,768	$	43,420	$	25,442	$	13,426	$	253,541	$	—	$	638,293
Commercial Mortgage
Uncriticized	$	342,483	$	339,988	$	176,753	$	147,247	$	128,381	$	167,739	$	3,712	$	—	$	1,306,303
Special mention		11,184		2,450		29,759		2,344		8,269		27,635		—		—		81,641
Substandard		1,001		77		2,950		11,607		3,209		6,000		—		—		24,844
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	354,668	$	342,515	$	209,462	$	161,198	$	139,859	$	201,374	$	3,712	$	—	$	1,412,788

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

The Company utilizes payment status as a means of identifying and reporting problem and potential problem retail loans. The Company considers nonaccrual loans and loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest to be non-performing. The following tables set forth the Company’s retail loan portfolio, categorized by performance status, as of the dates indicated (in thousands):


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
September 30, 2022
Residential Real Estate Loans
Performing	$	53,282	$	86,500	$	121,667	$	77,987	$	57,406	$	177,429	$	—	$	—	$	574,271
Nonperforming		—		320		357		585		775		1,513		—		—		3,550
Total	$	53,282	$	86,820	$	122,024	$	78,572	$	58,181	$	178,942	$	—	$	—	$	577,821
Residential Real Estate Lines
Performing	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	70,364	$	6,853	$	77,217
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		57		62		119
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	70,421	$	6,915	$	77,336
Consumer Indirect
Performing	$	347,722	$	359,064	$	141,033	$	69,141	$	47,378	$	30,419	$	—	$	—	$	994,757
Nonperforming		197		1,276		551		263		233		146		—		—		2,666
Total	$	347,919	$	360,340	$	141,584	$	69,404	$	47,611	$	30,565	$	—	$	—	$	997,423
Other Consumer
Performing	$	5,900	$	3,077	$	2,392	$	938	$	301	$	349	$	2,875	$	—	$	15,832
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	5,900	$	3,077	$	2,392	$	938	$	301	$	349	$	2,875	$	—	$	15,832


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
December 31, 2021
Residential Real Estate Loans
Performing	$	92,620	$	129,240	$	85,876	$	65,866	$	50,932	$	150,392	$	—	$	—	$	574,926
Nonperforming		79		55		225		557		899		558		—		—		2,373
Total	$	92,699	$	129,295	$	86,101	$	66,423	$	51,831	$	150,950	$	—	$	—	$	577,299
Residential Real Estate Lines
Performing	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	70,521	$	7,810	$	78,331
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		39		161		200
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	70,560	$	7,971	$	78,531
Consumer Indirect
Performing	$	452,601	$	206,472	$	122,849	$	90,998	$	51,598	$	31,750	$	—	$	—	$	956,268
Nonperforming		417		515		436		230		136		46		—		—		1,780
Total	$	453,018	$	206,987	$	123,285	$	91,228	$	51,734	$	31,796	$	—	$	—	$	958,048
Other Consumer
Performing	$	4,422	$	3,738	$	1,681	$	763	$	280	$	1,044	$	2,549	$	—	$	14,477
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	4,422	$	3,738	$	1,681	$	763	$	280	$	1,044	$	2,549	$	—	$	14,477

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans

The following table sets forth the changes in the allowance for credit losses - loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Commercial Business			Commercial Mortgage			Residential Real Estate Loans			Residential Real Estate Lines			Consumer Indirect			Other Consumer			Total
Three months ended September 30, 2022
Beginning balance	$	10,140		$	12,064		$	2,140		$	509		$	17,332		$	267		$	42,452
Charge-offs		(20	)		—			—			(38	)		(4,058	)		(398	)		(4,514	)
Recoveries		116			1			4			3			2,168			69			2,361
Provision (benefit)		1,288			2,054			210			180			(260	)		335			3,807
Ending balance	$	11,524		$	14,119		$	2,354		$	654		$	15,182		$	273		$	44,106
Nine months ended September 30, 2022
Beginning balance	$	11,099		$	14,777		$	1,604		$	379		$	11,611		$	206		$	39,676
Charge-offs		(262	)		—			(56	)		(38	)		(9,216	)		(1,083	)		(10,655	)
Recoveries		305			2,020			19			20			6,129			262			8,755
Provision (benefit)		382			(2,678	)		787			293			6,658			888			6,330
Ending balance	$	11,524		$	14,119		$	2,354		$	654		$	15,182		$	273		$	44,106


	Commercial Business			Commercial Mortgage			Residential Real Estate Loans			Residential Real Estate Lines			Consumer Indirect			Other Consumer			Total
Three months ended September 30, 2021
Beginning balance	$	11,005		$	21,662		$	2,299		$	395		$	10,748		$	256		$	46,365
Charge-offs		(218	)		—			(36	)		(60	)		(1,395	)		(250	)		(1,959	)
Recoveries		168			—			15			—			1,130			59			1,372
Provision (benefit)		889			(2,210	)		(302	)		10			1,096			183			(334	)
Ending balance	$	11,844		$	19,452		$	1,976		$	345		$	11,579		$	248		$	45,444
Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Beginning balance		13,580			21,763			3,924			674			12,165			314			52,420
Charge-offs		(396	)		(203	)		(103	)		(130	)		(4,965	)		(755	)		(6,552	)
Recoveries		785			7			79			—			4,383			218			5,472
(Benefit) provision		(2,125	)		(2,115	)		(1,924	)		(199	)		(4	)		471			(5,896	)
Ending balance	$	11,844		$	19,452		$	1,976		$	345		$	11,579		$	248		$	45,444

(6.) LOANS (Continued)

Risk Characteristics

Commercial business loans primarily consist of loans to small to mid-sized businesses in our market area in a diverse range of industries. These loans are of higher risk and typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. Further, the collateral securing the loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value. The credit risk related to commercial loans is largely influenced by general economic conditions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on small to mid-sized business in our market area, and the resulting impact on a borrower’s operations or on the value of underlying collateral, if any.

Commercial mortgage loans generally have larger balances and involve a greater degree of risk than residential mortgage loans, potentially resulting in higher potential losses on an individual customer basis. Loan repayment is often dependent on the successful operation and management of the properties, as well as on the collateral securing the loan. Economic events, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on influencing the ability of the tenants to pay rent at these properties, or conditions in the real estate market could have an adverse impact on the cash flows generated by properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate loans and on the value of such properties.

Residential real estate loans (comprised of conventional mortgages and home equity loans) and residential real estate lines (comprised of home equity lines) are generally made based on the borrower’s ability to make repayment from his or her employment and other income but are secured by real property whose value tends to be more easily ascertainable. Credit risk for these types of loans is generally influenced by general economic conditions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the employment income of these borrowers, the characteristics of individual borrowers, and the nature of the loan collateral.

Consumer indirect and other consumer loans may entail greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans and home equities, particularly in the case of other consumer loans which are unsecured or, in the case of indirect consumer loans, secured by depreciable assets, such as automobiles. In such cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. In addition, consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by inflation and adverse personal circumstances such as job loss, illness or personal bankruptcy, including the heightened risk that such circumstances may arise as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on such loans.