Capital Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2018 and 2017

Note 1 - Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation

Nature of operations:

Capital Bancorp, Inc., is a Maryland corporation and bank holding company (the “Company”) for Capital Bank, N.A. (the “Bank”). The Company's primary operations are conducted by the Bank, which operates branches in Rockville, Columbia and North Bethesda, Maryland, Reston, Virginia, and the District of Columbia. The Bank is principally engaged in the business of investing in commercial, real estate, and credit card loans and attracting deposits. We conduct mortgage business through Church Street Mortgage, our residential mortgage banking arm; and credit card business through OpenSky®, a secured, digitally-driven nationwide credit card platform.

The Bank also originates residential mortgages for sale in the secondary market. The Company formed Church Street Capital, LLC (“Church Street Capital”) in 2014 to provide short-term secured real estate financing to Washington, D.C. area investors and developers that may not meet all Bank credit criteria.

In addition, the Company owns all of the stock of Capital Bancorp (MD) Statutory Trust I (the “Trust”). The Trust is a special purpose non-consolidated entity organized for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities.

The Company completed its initial public offering (“IPO”) of 2,563,046 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $12.50 per share, 1,834,310 shares of which were sold by the Company and 728,736 shares of which were sold by certain of the Company’s shareholders (the “selling shareholders”). The net proceeds to the Company from the IPO were $19.8 million after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses of $3.2 million. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sales of shares by the selling shareholders.

Basis of presentation:

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the activity of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the Bank and Church Street Capital. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company reports its activities as a single business segment. In determining the appropriateness of segment definition, the Company considers components of the business about which financial information is available and regularly evaluated relative to resource allocation and performance assessment. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principals generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and conform to general practices within the banking industry.

On August 15, 2018, the Company completed a four-for-one stock split of the Company's authorized, issued, and outstanding common stock, par value $.01 per share (the “Stock Split”). At the effective time of the Stock Split, each share of the Company's issued and outstanding common stock was automatically increased to four shares issued and outstanding. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Stock Split. All share and share-related information presented in these consolidated financial statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the increased number of shares resulting from the Stock Split.

Significant Accounting Policies:

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. The basis of the estimates is on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under current circumstances, results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Estimates are evaluated on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Cash and cash equivalents

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, interest bearing deposits with banks and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds are sold for one-day periods.

Investment securities

Investment securities are classified as available for sale and carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in stockholders’ equity on an after-tax basis. Premiums and discounts on investment securities are amortized or accreted using the interest method. Changes in the fair value of debt securities available for sale are included in stockholder’s equity as unrealized gains and losses, net of the related tax effect. Unrealized losses are periodically reviewed to determine whether the loss represents an other than temporary impairment. Any unrealized losses judged to be other than a temporary impairment will be charged to income.

Loans held for sale

Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale are recorded at fair value, determined individually, as of the balance sheet date. Fair value is determined based on outstanding investor commitments, or in the absence of such commitments, based on current investor yield requirements. Gains and losses on loan sales are determined by the specific-identification method. The Company’s current practice is to sell residential mortgage loans on a servicing released basis, and, therefore, it has no intangible asset recorded for the value of such servicing. Interest on loans held for sale is credited to income based on the principal amounts outstanding.

Upon sale and delivery, loans are legally isolated from the Company and the Company has no ability to restrict or constrain the ability of third‑party investors to pledge or exchange the mortgage loans. The Company does not have the entitlement or ability to repurchase the mortgage loans or unilaterally cause third‑party investors to put the mortgage loans back to the Company. Unrealized and realized gains on loan sales are determined using the specific-identification method and are recognized through mortgage banking activity in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Company elected to measure loans held for sale at fair value to better align reported results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans on the Company’s balance sheet.

Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding, adjusted for deferred origination fees, deferred origination costs, discounts on loans acquired, and the allowance for loan losses. Interest is accrued based on the loan principal balances and stated interest rates. Origination fees and costs are recognized as an adjustment to the related loan yield using approximate interest methods. The Company discontinues the accrual of interest when any portion of the principal and interest is 90 days past due and collateral is insufficient to discharge the debt in full. Generally, interest payments on nonaccrual loans are recorded as a reduction of the principal balance.

Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information, management believes the Company will not collect all principal and interest payments according to contractual terms. Generally, loans are reviewed for impairment when the risk grade for a loan is downgraded to a classified asset category. The loans are evaluated for appropriate classification, accrual, impairment, and troubled debt restructure status. If collection of principal is evaluated as doubtful, all payments are applied to principal. A modification of a loan is considered a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession. The Company may consider interest rate reductions, changes to payment terms, extensions of maturities and/or principal reductions.

Loans are generally charged-off in part or in full when management determines the loan to be uncollectible. Factors for charge-off that may be considered include: repayments deemed to be projected beyond reasonable time frames, client bankruptcy and lack of assets, and/or collateral deficiencies.

The allowance for loan losses is estimated to adequately provide for probable future losses on existing loans. The allowance consists of specific and general components. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the collateral value, if the loan is collateral dependent, or the discounted cash flows of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers pools of nonclassified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. There may be an unallocated component of the allowance, which reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the method for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. Actual loan performance may differ from those estimates. A loss is recognized as a charge to the allowance when management believes that collection of the loan is unlikely. Collections of loans previously charged off are added to the allowance at the time of recovery.

We determine the allowance for loan losses based on the accumulation of various components that are calculated independently in accordance with ASC 450 for pools of loans, ASC 310 for Troubled Debt Restructuring, and ASC 310 for individually evaluated loans. The process for determining an appropriate allowance for loan losses is based on a comprehensive, well-documented, and consistently applied analysis of the loan portfolio. The analysis considers all significant factors that affect the collectibility of the portfolio and supports the credit losses estimated by this process. It is important to recognize that the related process, methodology, and underlying assumptions require a substantial degree of judgment.

Premises and equipment

Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization over two to seven years. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related property. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the estimated useful lives of the improvements, approximately ten years, or the term of the lease, whichever is less. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, and minor replacements are charged to noninterest expenses as incurred.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into commitments to fund residential mortgage loans (interest rate locks) with the intention of selling them in the secondary market. The Company also enters into forward sales agreements for certain funded loans and loan commitments. The Company records unfunded commitments intended for loans held for sale and forward sales agreements at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of mortgage banking revenue. Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at fair value. For pipeline loans which are not pre-sold to an investor, the Company manages the interest rate risk on rate lock commitments by entering into forward sale contracts, whereby the Company obtains the right to deliver securities to investors in the future at a specified price. Such contracts are accounted for as derivatives and are recorded at fair value as derivative assets or liabilities, with changes in fair value recorded in mortgage banking revenue.

The Company accounts for derivative instruments and hedging activities according to guidelines established in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815-10, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended. The Company recognizes all derivatives as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and measures those instruments at fair value. Changes in fair value of derivatives designated and accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are effective as hedges, are recorded in other comprehensive income, net of deferred taxes. Any hedge ineffectiveness would be recognized in the income statement line item pertaining to the hedged item.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The degree of management judgment involved in determining the fair value of a financial instrument is dependent upon the availability of quoted market prices or observable market inputs. For financial instruments that are traded actively and have quoted market prices or observable market inputs, there is minimal subjectivity involved in measuring fair value. However, when quoted market prices or observable market inputs are not fully available, significant management judgment may be necessary to estimate fair value. In developing our fair value estimates, we maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

The fair value hierarchy defines Level 1 valuations as those based on quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Level 2 valuations include inputs based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 valuations are based on at least one significant assumption not observable in the market, or significant management judgment or estimation, some of which may be internally developed.

Financial assets that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis include investment securities available for sale, loans held for sale, and derivative financial instruments. Financial liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis are comprised of derivative financial instruments. See the Fair Value note to our consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are recognized when it is deemed more likely than not that the benefits of such deferred income taxes will be realized.

In December of 2017, President Trump signed the the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, the (”Tax Act”) into law. While a reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% took effect in 2018, the enactment of the law in 2017 required the Company to revalue its deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2017. This revaluation reduced the Company’s deferred tax asset by $1.4 million, which increased 2017 income tax expense by $1.4 million. Of this amount, $40 thousand of expense was attributable to the Company's net deferred tax asset for unrealized losses on available for sale securities and cash flow hedge. In addition to adjusting the deferred tax asset for this item, the Company recorded an adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income with a transfer to retained earnings.

Earnings per share:

Earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for the dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock using the treasury stock method. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were 7,000 and 246,500 stock options, respectively, that were not included in the calculation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in computing basic and diluted earnings per common share as adjusted for the Stock Split:



	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018					2017
(dollars in thousands, except per share information)	Income		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount		Income		Weighted Average Shares	Per Share Amount
Basic EPS
Net income available to common stockholders	$	12,767	12,116,459	$	1.05	$	7,109	11,261,132	$	0.63
Effect of dilutive securities	—		345,679			—		166,868
Dilutive EPS per common share	$	12,767	12,462,138	$	1.02	$	7,109	11,428,000	$	0.62

Comprehensive income:

The Company reports as comprehensive income all changes in stockholders' equity during the year from sources other than stockholders. Other comprehensive income refers to all components (income, expenses, gains, and losses) of comprehensive income that are excluded from net income.

The Company's only two components of other comprehensive income are unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available for sale, net of income taxes, and unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, net of income taxes. Information concerning the Company's accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2018, and 2017 are as follows (in thousands):



	For the Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2018			2017
Unrealized losses on securities available for sale	$	(825	)	$	(348	)
Deferred tax benefit	227			97
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(598		)	(251		)
Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges	5			6
Deferred tax expense	(2		)	(2		)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	3			4
Total accumulated comprehensive loss	$	(595	)	$	(247	)

Recently issued accounting pronouncements:

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance to change the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to reflect the transfer of goods and services to customers in an amount equal to the consideration the entity receives or expects to receive. The guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018.

The Company applied the guidance using a modified retrospective approach. The Company’s revenue is comprised of net interest income and noninterest income. The scope of the guidance explicitly excludes net interest income as well as many other revenues for financial assets and liabilities including loans, leases, securities, and derivatives. Accordingly, the majority of our revenues were not affected. The Company performed an assessment of our revenue contracts related to revenue streams that are within the scope of the standard. Our accounting policies did not change materially since the principles of revenue recognition from the Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) are largely consistent with existing practices and guidance applied by our businesses. The Company has not identified material changes to the timing or amount of revenue recognition for deposit service charges, credit card fees and mortgage banking fees. Deposit service charges are based on customer transaction activity and are recognized either daily or monthly when the activity occurs. Credit card fees are recognized monthly according to guidance for receivables and deferred fees. Revenue for mortgage banking is recognized monthly within the scope of other guidance for transfers and servicing, and derivatives and hedging. As such, the Company does not consider the guidance to have a material effect on its financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB amended the Financial Instruments topic of the ASC to address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. The amendment became effective January 1, 2018 and did not have a material effect on the financial statements. As discussed in Note 16, the Company measured the fair value of its loan portfolio using an exit price notion as of December 31, 2018.

In February 2016, the FASB amended the Leases topic of the ASC to revise certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leasing transactions. The amendments will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years.

In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance on leases. The standard requires a lessee to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for leases with lease terms greater than 12 months, and is effective for fiscal years after December 15, 2018. In July 2018, new guidance was issued to provide an additional transition method that allow entities to not apply this new guidance in the comparative periods presented in the financial statements and instead recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to the beginning retained earnings at the date of application. The Company assessed this guidance and collected relevant terms for each of its lease agreements. The Company concluded that all of its leases will be classified as operating leases. The Company has estimated its Lease Liability and Right of Use Asset will be in the range of approximately $4.9 million to $5.2 million, with an expected reduction to retained earnings of approximately $50 thousand. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the new standard will have a material impact on its Consolidated Statements of Income.

In March 2016, the FASB amended the Revenue from Contracts with Customers topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to clarify the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and address how an entity should assess whether it is the principal or the agent in contracts that include three or more parties. The amendments became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018 and did not have a material effect on its financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance to change the accounting for credit losses and modify the impairment model for certain debt securities. The amendments will be effective for the Company for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for all organizations for periods beginning after December 15, 2018.

The Company will apply the amendments to the ASU through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption. While early adoption is permitted beginning in first quarter 2019, the Company does not expect to elect that option. The Company is evaluating the impact of the ASU on the consolidated financial statements. In addition to our allowance for loan losses, the Company will also record an allowance for credit losses on debt securities instead of applying the impairment model currently utilized. The amount of the adjustments will be impacted by each portfolio’s composition and credit quality at the adoption date as well as economic conditions and forecasts at that time.

In February 2017, the FASB amended the Other Income Topic of the ASC to clarify the scope of the guidance on nonfinancial asset derecognition as well as the accounting for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. The amendments conform the derecognition guidance on nonfinancial assets with the model for transactions in the new revenue standard. The amendments became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018 and did not have a material effect on its financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB amended the Receivables topic of the ASC to eliminate the current diversity in practice with respect to the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The amendments in this update shorten the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB amended the requirements in the Compensation-Stock Compensation Topic of the ASC related to changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The amendments provide guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. The amendments were effective for the Company on January 1, 2018 and did not have a material effect on its financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB amended the requirements of the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to improve the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements. The amendments will be effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB amended the Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income Topic of the ASC. The amendments allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Act. The Company has early adopted this pronouncement by retrospective application to each period in which the effect of the change in the tax rate under the Tax Act is recognized. The impact of the reclassification from other comprehensive income to retained earnings was included in the Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity as of December 31, 2017.

In March 2018, the FASB updated the Income Taxes Topic of the ASC. The amendments incorporate recent SEC guidance related to the income tax accounting implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The amendments were effective upon issuance and did not have a material effect on its financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB amended the Compensation-Stock Compensation Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB amended the Fair Value Measurement Topic 820 disclosure framework. These amendments include additions, removals and modifications to the fair value disclosure requirements in Topic 820, and are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted on removed or modified disclosures. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Reclassifications:

Certain reclassifications have been made to the amounts reported in prior periods to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on net income or total stockholders' equity.