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Debt | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2021
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
Debt | 9. Debt Revolving Loan On May 25, 2021, the Company terminated the Credit and Security Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2016 as amended and restated as of March 1, 2019, among the Company, Key Bank National Association, and KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc. (the “Credit Agreement”). The agreement provided for a secured $25,000 revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). As of December 31, 2020 and at the date of termination, no outstanding indebtedness existed under the Credit Facility and the Company was in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants. As of December 31, 2020, unamortized debt issuance costs were $83, of which $74 were included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $9 were included in other long-term assets. As of September 30, 2021, the outstanding debt issuance costs were $0. Convertible Senior Notes and Capped Call Transactions 2026 Convertible Notes On February 28, 2020, the Company issued $400,000 aggregate principal amount of 0.25% Convertible Notes due March 1, 2026 in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (the “2026 Convertible Notes”). The interest on the 2026 Convertible Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year, beginning on September 1, 2020. The 2026 Convertible Notes may bear special interest under specified circumstances relating to the Company's failure to comply with its reporting obligations under the indenture governing the 2026 Convertible Notes (the “2026 Indenture”) or if the 2026 Convertible Notes are not freely tradeable as required by the 2026 Indenture. The 2026 Convertible Notes will mature on March 1, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed by the Company, or converted pursuant to their terms. The total net proceeds from the 2026 Convertible Notes, after deducting initial purchaser discounts, costs related to the 2026 Capped Calls (as defined herein), and debt issuance costs, paid by the Company, were approximately $344,722. Each $1 principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes is initially convertible into 10.9857 shares of the Company's Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $91.03 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid special interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a make-whole fundamental change, as defined in the 2026 Indenture, the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate by a number of additional shares for a holder that elects to convert its 2026 Convertible Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change or during the relevant redemption period. The 2026 Convertible Notes will be redeemable in whole or in part at the Company's option on or after March 6, 2023, but before the fortieth (40 th) scheduled trading day before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, if the last reported sale price of the Class A common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the redemption notices were sent; and the trading day immediately before such notices were sent. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 1, 2025, the 2026 Convertible Notes may be convertible at the option of the holders only under the following circumstances: (1)during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2020 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price per share of the Company's Class A common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2)during the five consecutive business days immediately after any 10 consecutive trading day period (such 10 consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1 principal amount of 2026 Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of the Company's Class A common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3)upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on its Class A common stock; and (4)if the Company calls such 2026 Convertible Notes for redemption. On or after September 1, 2025, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the 2026 Convertible Notes may, at their option, convert all or a portion of their 2026 Convertible Notes regardless of the foregoing conditions. Prior to and during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the conditional conversion feature of the 2026 Convertible Notes was triggered as the last reported sale price of the Company's Class A common stock was more than or equal to 130% of the conversion price for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on or after June 30, 2020 (the last trading day of the calendar quarter), and therefore the 2026 Convertible Notes were convertible, in whole or in part, at the option of the holders between July 1, 2020 through September 30, 2021. Whether the 2026 Convertible Notes will be convertible following such period will depend on the continued satisfaction of this condition or another conversion condition in the future. The Company continues to classify the 2026 Convertible Notes as a long-term liability in its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2021, based on contractual settlement provisions. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of Class A common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of Class A common stock, at the Company's election. It is the Company's current intent to settle the principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes with cash. No sinking fund is provided for the 2026 Convertible Notes. Upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) prior to the maturity date, holders may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the 2026 Convertible Notes for cash at a price equal to the principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. In accounting for the issuance of the 2026 Convertible Notes, the Company separated the 2026 Convertible Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar debt instrument that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was $125,160 and was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2026 Convertible Notes. The difference represents the debt discount that is amortized to interest expense at an effective interest rate of 6.763% over the term of the 2026 Convertible Notes. The carrying amount of the equity component was $57,491 and is recorded in additional paid-in-capital. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount, or the debt discount, is amortized to interest expense at an annual effective interest rate of 6.907% over the contractual terms of the 2026 Convertible Notes. In accounting for the transaction costs related to the 2026 Convertible Notes, the Company allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components of the 2026 Convertible Notes based on the proportion of the proceeds allocated to the debt and equity components. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component were approximately $8,217, were recorded as an additional debt discount and are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual terms of the 2026 Convertible Notes. Issuance costs attributable to the equity component of $3,742 were netted with the equity component in stockholders’ equity. 2028 Convertible Notes On March 16, 2021, the Company issued $250,000 aggregate principal amount of 0.50% Convertible Notes due April 1, 2028 in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (the “2028 Convertible Notes and, together with the 2026 Convertible Notes, the “Convertible Notes”). The interest on the 2028 Convertible Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2021. The 2028 Convertible Notes may bear special interest under specified circumstances relating to the Company's failure to comply with its reporting obligations under the indenture governing the 2028 Convertible Notes (the “2028 Indenture”) or if the 2028 Convertible Notes are not freely tradeable as required by the 2028 Indenture. The 2028 Convertible Notes will mature on April 1, 2028, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed by the Company, or converted pursuant to their terms. The total net proceeds from the 2028 Convertible Notes, after deducting initial purchaser discounts, costs related to the 2028 Capped Calls (as defined herein), and debt issuance costs, paid by the Company, were approximately $216,956. Each $1 principal amount of the 2028 Convertible Notes is initially convertible into 5.5781 shares of the Company's Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $179.27 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid special interest. In addition, upon the occurrence of a make-whole fundamental change, as defined in the 2028 Indenture, the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate by a number of additional shares for a holder that elects to convert its 2028 Convertible Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change or during the relevant redemption period. The 2028 Convertible Notes will be redeemable in whole or in part at the Company's option on or after April 6, 2025, but before the fortieth (40 th) scheduled trading day before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2028 Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, if the last reported sale price of the Class A common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the redemption notices were sent; and the trading day immediately before such notices were sent. On or after April 6, 2025 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, the 2028 Convertible Notes may be convertible at the option of the holders only under the following circumstances: (1)during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2021 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price per share of the Company's Class A common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2)during the five consecutive business days immediately after any 10 consecutive trading day period (such 10 consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1 principal amount of 2028 Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of the Company's Class A common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3)upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on its Class A common stock; and (4)if the Company calls such 2028 Convertible Notes for redemption. On or after October 1, 2027, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the 2028 Convertible Notes may, at their option, convert all or a portion of their Convertible Notes regardless of the foregoing conditions. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of Class A common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of Class A common stock, at the Company's election. It is the Company's current intent to settle the principal amount of the 2028 Convertible Notes with cash. No sinking fund is provided for the 2028 Convertible Notes. Upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the 2028 Indenture) prior to the maturity date, holders may require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the 2028 Convertible Notes for cash at a price equal to the principal amount of the 2028 Convertible Notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. In accounting for the issuance of the 2028 Convertible Notes, the Company separated the 2028 Convertible Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar debt instrument that does not have an associated convertible feature. The carrying amount of the equity component representing the conversion option was $66,908 and was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 2028 Convertible Notes. The difference represents the debt discount that is amortized to interest expense at an effective interest rate of 5.125% over the term of the 2028 Convertible Notes. The carrying amount of the equity component was $39,389 and is recorded in additional paid-in-capital. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount, or the debt discount, is amortized to interest expense at an annual effective interest rate of 4.959% over the contractual terms of the 2028 Convertible Notes. In accounting for the transaction costs related to the 2028 Convertible Notes, the Company allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components of the 2028 Convertible Notes based on the proportion of the proceeds allocated to the debt and equity components. Issuance costs attributable to the liability component were approximately $5,525, were recorded as an additional debt discount and are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual terms of the 2028 Convertible Notes. Issuance costs attributable to the equity component of $2,019 were netted with the equity component in stockholders’ equity. The net carrying amount of the liability components of the 2026 and 2028 Convertible Notes were as follows:
|  |  | As of December 31, |  | As of September 30,
|  |  | 2020 |  | 2021
2026 Convertible Notes: |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  |  | $ | 400,000 |  |  | $ | 400,000 |
Unamortized discount |  |  | (110,546) |  | (96,782) |
Unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | (7,258) |  | (6,354) |
2026 Convertible Notes net carrying amount |  |  | 282,196 |  |  | 296,864 |
2028 Convertible Notes: |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  |  | — |  |  | 250,000 |
Unamortized discount |  |  | — |  |  | (62,542) |
Unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | — |  |  | (5,167) |
2028 Convertible Notes net carrying amount |  |  | — |  |  | 182,291 |
Total net carrying amount |  |  | $ | 282,196 |  |  | $ | 479,155 |
The net carrying amount of the equity components of the 2026 and 2028 Convertible Notes were as follows:
|  |  | As of December 31, |  | As of September 30, |  |
|  |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  |
2026 Convertible Notes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds allocated to the conversion options (debt discount) |  |  | $ | 125,152 |  |  | $ | 125,152 |  |  |
Issuance costs |  |  | (3,742) |  |  | (3,742) |  |  |
2026 Convertible Notes net carrying amount |  |  | 121,410 |  |  | 121,410 |  |  |
2028 Convertible Notes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds allocated to the conversion options (debt discount) |  |  | — |  |  | 66,908 |  |  |
Issuance costs |  |  | — |  |  | (2,019) |  |  |
2028 Convertible Notes net carrying amount |  |  | — |  |  | 64,889 |  |  |
Total net carrying amount |  |  | $ | 121,410 |  |  | $ | 186,299 |  |  |
The following table sets forth the interest expense recognized related to the 2026 and 2028 Convertible Notes:
| Three months ended September 30, |  |  |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2021
2026 Convertible Notes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contractual interest expense | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  |  |  | $ | 591 |  |  | $ | 750 |
Amortization of debt discount | 4,292 |  |  | 4,664 |  |  |  |  | 10,183 |  |  | 13,761 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 283 |  |  | 306 |  |  |  |  | 669 |  |  | 903 |
Total interest expense related to the 2026 Convertible Notes | 4,821 |  |  | 5,220 |  |  |  |  | 11,443 |  |  | 15,414 |
2028 Convertible Notes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contractual interest expense | — |  |  | 313 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 678 |
Amortization of debt discount | — |  |  | 2,029 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 4,366 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | — |  |  | 168 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 362 |
Total interest expense related to the 2028 Convertible Notes | — |  |  | 2,510 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 5,406 |
Total interest expense | $ | 4,821 |  |  | $ | 7,730 |  |  |  |  | $ | 11,443 |  |  | $ | 20,820 |
In connection with the offering of the 2026 Convertible Notes and the 2028 Convertible Notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain counterparties (the “2026 Capped Calls” and the “2028 Capped Calls,” respectively and, collectively, the “Capped Calls”). The 2026 Capped Calls and the 2028 Capped Calls each have an initial strike price of approximately $91.03 and $179.27 per share, respectively, subject to certain adjustments, which corresponds to the initial conversion price of the 2026 Convertible Notes and the 2028 Convertible Notes. The 2026 Capped Calls and the 2028 Capped Calls have initial cap prices of $137.40 and $260.76 per share subject to certain adjustments, respectively. The 2026 Capped Calls and the 2028 Capped Calls cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, approximately 4,394,276 and 1,394,525 shares of Class A common stock for the 2026 Convertible Notes and 2028 Convertible Notes, respectively. The Capped Calls are generally intended to reduce or offset the potential dilution to the Class A common stock upon any conversion of the 2026 Convertible Notes and 2028 Convertible Notes with such reduction or offset, as the case may be, subject to a cap based on the cap price. The Capped Calls expire on the earlier of (i) the last day on which any convertible securities remain outstanding and (ii) March 1, 2026 for the 2026 Capped Calls and April 1, 2028 for the 2028 Capped Calls, subject to earlier exercise. The Capped Calls are subject to either adjustment or termination upon the occurrence of specified extraordinary events affecting the Company, including a merger event, a tender offer, and a nationalization, insolvency or delisting involving the Company. In addition, the Capped Calls are subject to certain specified additional disruption events that may give rise to a termination of the Capped Calls, including changes in law, insolvency filings, and hedging disruptions. The Capped Call transactions are recorded in stockholders’ equity and are not accounted for as derivatives. The net cost of $43,320 and $25,500 incurred to purchase the 2026 Capped Calls and the 2028 Capped Calls, respectively, was recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Convertible Notes are effectively subordinated to the Company’s future senior secured indebtedness, if any, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness. The Convertible notes are the senior, unsecured obligations of the Company and are equal in right of payment with the Company’s future senior unsecured indebtedness, if any, senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Convertible Notes and the Convertible Notes will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and preferred equity, if any, of the Company’s subsidiaries.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -Subparagraph (h) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1C -Subparagraph (c) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1I -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1I -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -Subparagraph (g) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1C -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1C -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1E -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495348-112611 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1I -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -Subparagraph (i) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611 + Details
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