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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 1, 2021. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020, included herein, was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures, including certain notes required by GAAP on an annual reporting basis. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive loss and cash flows for the interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full year 2021 or any future period.
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bandwidth Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in these financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates in the condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, allowance for doubtful accounts, reserve for expected credit losses, reserve for sales credits, recoverability of long lived and intangible assets, fair value of acquired intangible assets and goodwill, discount rates used in the valuation of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, the fair value of the liability and equity components of the Company’s Convertible Notes (as defined herein), estimated period of benefit, valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, certain accrued expenses and contingencies, economic and demographic actuarial assumptions related to pension and other postretirement benefit costs and liabilities, estimated cash flows on asset retirement obligation. Although the Company believes that the estimates it uses are reasonable, due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making these estimates, actual results reported in future periods could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash | Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company classifies all highly liquid investments with original stated maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase as cash equivalents. All highly liquid investments with original stated maturities of greater than three months from the date of purchase are classified as current marketable securities, with the exception of time deposits with maturities greater than ninety days which are classified as other investments. Cash deposits are primarily in financial institutions in the United States. However, cash for monthly operating costs of international operations are deposited in banks outside the United States. The Company has a policy of making investments only with commercial institutions that have at least an investment grade credit rating. The Company utilizes money market funds as an investment option and only invests in AAA rated funds. Restricted Cash Restricted cash consists primarily of the holdback amount and its accrued interest remaining to be paid to the selling stockholders of Voxbone, employee withholding tax liability and employee benefits contributions not yet remitted. The Company has classified this asset as a short-term asset in order to match the expected period of restriction.
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable and Current Expected Credit Losses Accounts receivable are stated at realizable value, net of allowances, which includes an allowance for doubtful accounts and a reserve for expected credit losses. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on management’s assessment of the collectability of its customer accounts. The Company regularly reviews the composition of the accounts receivable aging, historical bad debts, changes in payment patterns, customer creditworthiness, current economic trends, and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future. Relevant risk characteristics include customer size and historical loss patterns. Management has evaluated the expected credit losses related to trade accounts receivable and determined that allowances of approximately $1,203 and $1,467 for uncollectible accounts and customer balances that are disputed were required as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively. Refer to Note 5, “Financial Statement Components” to these condensed consolidated financial statements, for a rollforward of the components of the allowances as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021. The Company includes unbilled receivables in its accounts receivable balance. Generally, these receivables represent earned revenue from services provided to customers, which will be billed in the next billing cycle. All amounts are considered collectible and billable.
Current Expected Credit Losses | Accounts Receivable and Current Expected Credit Losses Accounts receivable are stated at realizable value, net of allowances, which includes an allowance for doubtful accounts and a reserve for expected credit losses. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on management’s assessment of the collectability of its customer accounts. The Company regularly reviews the composition of the accounts receivable aging, historical bad debts, changes in payment patterns, customer creditworthiness, current economic trends, and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future. Relevant risk characteristics include customer size and historical loss patterns. Management has evaluated the expected credit losses related to trade accounts receivable and determined that allowances of approximately $1,203 and $1,467 for uncollectible accounts and customer balances that are disputed were required as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021, respectively. Refer to Note 5, “Financial Statement Components” to these condensed consolidated financial statements, for a rollforward of the components of the allowances as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2021. The Company includes unbilled receivables in its accounts receivable balance. Generally, these receivables represent earned revenue from services provided to customers, which will be billed in the next billing cycle. All amounts are considered collectible and billable.
Concentration of Credit Risk | Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that are exposed to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, other investments and trade accounts receivable. Cash deposits may be in excess of insured limits. The Company believes that the financial institutions that hold its cash deposits are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to these balances. With regard to customers, credit evaluation and account monitoring procedures are used to minimize the risk of loss. The Company believes that no additional credit risk beyond amounts provided for by the allowance for doubtful accounts are inherent in accounts receivable.
Debt Issuance Costs | Debt Issuance CostsThe Company incurs debt issuance costs associated with obtaining and entering into credit agreements, including the issuances of convertible notes. These costs customarily include non-refundable structuring fees, commitment fees, up-front fees and syndication expenses. The Company has a policy of deferring and amortizing these costs based on the effective interest method over the term of the credit agreements.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards and Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted | Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2021 on a prospective basis, which did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt —Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation--Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging--Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), which is intended to provide clarity surrounding the treatment for a modification or an exchange of a freestanding equity-classified written call option. The amendments also provide guidance for the recognition and measurement of earnings-per-share (“EPS”) for certain modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options for entities that present EPS. The amendments do not affect a holder’s accounting for freestanding call options. ASU 2021-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company did not and does not expect to have any modification or exchanges of freestanding written call options classified in equity during the reporting period and therefore does not expect adoption will have a material impact on its financial statements. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), which is intended to address issues identified as a result of the complexity associated with applying GAAP for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity. For convertible instruments, ASU 2020-06 reduces the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock, and enhances information transparency by making targeted improvements to the disclosures for convertible instruments and EPS guidance on the basis of feedback from financial statement users. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company will adopt the new guidance on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective approach resulting in adjustments in accumulated deficit and paid in capital. The Company will also record an increase in the convertible notes balance as a result of the reversal of the separation of the convertible debt between debt and equity. The adoption of this standard will decrease the amount of non-cash interest expense to be recognized in future periods as a result of eliminating the discount associated with the equity component. The number of diluted shares will increase as a result of transitioning from the treasury stock method to the as-if converted method for the calculation. The Company is currently quantifying the effect of adopting this new accounting guidance on its financial statements and earnings per share calculations.

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- Definition Entity's cash and cash equivalents accounting policy with respect to restricted balances. Restrictions may include legally restricted deposits held as compensating balances against short-term borrowing arrangements, contracts entered into with others, or company statements of intention with regard to particular deposits; however, time deposits and short-term certificates of deposit are not generally included in legally restricted deposits. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 210 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120398452&loc=d3e534808-122878 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120391452&loc=d3e13212-122682 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 230 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123431023&loc=d3e4273-108586 + Details
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