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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. In each quarter, the estimated annual effective tax rate is updated and a year to date adjustment is made to the provision. The Company’s quarterly effective tax rate can be subject to significant change due to the effect of discrete items arising in a given quarter.

Income tax expense for the quarter and year to date ended September 30, 2020, was $2,862 and $8,636, respectively, for an effective tax rate of 21.6 percent and 23.1 percent, respectively. The effective tax rate for quarter to date ended September 30, 2020 differed from the 21 percent federal statutory rate on pretax income, primarily due to state taxes, partially offset by state and federal tax credits, the release of a portion of the Company's valuation allowance and the deduction applicable to export activity. The effective tax rate for year to date ended September 30, 2020, differed from the 21 percent federal statutory rate on pretax income, primarily due to state taxes, partially offset by federal and state credits, and the deduction applicable to income derived from export activity.

Income tax expense for the quarter and year to date ended September 30, 2019, was $3,025 and $4,208, respectively, for an effective tax rate of 26.9 percent and 14.0 percent, respectively. The effective tax rate for quarter ended September 30, 2019, differed from the 21 percent federal statutory rate on pretax income, primarily due to state income taxes and the discrete tax
impact of previously disclosed legal matters, partially offset by state and federal tax credits. The effective tax rate for year to date ended September 30, 2019, differed from the 21 percent federal statutory rate on pretax income, primarily due to the tax impact of vested share-based awards, the tax impact of state and federal tax credits, partially offset by state taxes, the discrete tax impact of previously disclosed legal matters, and certain compensation being subject to the compensation deduction limitations applicable for public companies. In response to COVID-19, President Donald Trump signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act along with other guidance issued by the IRS provides for numerous tax provisions and other stimulus measures, including temporary suspension of certain payment requirements for the employer portion of Social Security taxes, deferral of income tax payments until July 15, 2020, and technical corrections from prior tax legislation. The Company is in the process of monetizing certain parts of the CARES Act, has resumed making estimated corporate income tax payments, and continues to monitor tax legislation for additional potential benefits available to the Company.