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Fair Value Measurements
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements

9. Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the Company's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value Measurements at June 30, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Significant Other

 

 

Significant

 

 

 

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in

 

 

Observable

 

 

Unobservable

 

 

 

 

 

 

Active Markets

 

 

Inputs

 

 

Inputs

 

(in thousands)

 

Total

 

 

(Level 1)

 

 

(Level 2)

 

 

(Level 3)

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market funds (1)

 

$

10,021

 

 

$

10,021

 

 

$

—

 

 

$

—

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contingent earnout liability (2)

 

 

16,009

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

16,009

 

(1) The fair values of the money market funds were based on recently quoted market prices and reported transactions in an active marketplace. Money market funds are included in the Company's unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as "Cash and cash equivalents."

(2) The contingent earnout liability relates to businesses acquired since 2020. See Note 12, "Business Acquisitions" for more information. The Level 3 fair value of the contingent earnout liability was estimated using internally-prepared revenue and EBITDA projections, and discount rates determined using a combination of observable and unobservable market data. The Company recognized a pretax contingent earnout expense totaling $303,000 and $2,359,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 related to the fair value adjustment of earnout liabilities arising from recent acquisitions. The fair value adjustment is based on favorable changes to projections of acquired entities over the respective earnout periods, which span multiple years. The fair value of the contingent earnout liability is included in "Other accrued liabilities" and "Other noncurrent liabilities" on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets, based upon the term of the contingent earnout agreement.

Fair Value Disclosures

There were no transfers of assets between fair value levels during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The categorization of assets and liabilities within the fair value hierarchy and the measurement techniques are reviewed quarterly. Any transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred at the end of the quarter.

The fair values of accounts receivable, unbilled revenues, accounts payable and short-term borrowings approximate their respective carrying values due to the short-term maturities of the instruments. The interest rate on the Company's variable rate long-term debt resets at least every 90 days; therefore, the recorded value approximates fair value. These assets and liabilities are measured within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Disclosures

Goodwill is an asset that represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the separately identifiable net assets (tangible and intangible) acquired in certain business combinations. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names associated with acquired businesses. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but are subject to impairment testing at least annually. Other long-lived assets consist primarily of property and equipment, deferred income tax assets, capitalized software, and amortizable intangible assets related to customer relationships, technology, and trade names with finite lives. Other long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment when impairment indicators are identified.

Subsequent to a business acquisition in which goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles are recorded as assets, post-acquisition accounting requires that both be tested to determine whether there has been an impairment. The Company performs an impairment test of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets at least annually on October 1 of each year. The Company regularly evaluates whether events and circumstances have occurred which indicate potential impairment of goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets. When factors indicate that such assets should be evaluated for possible impairment between the scheduled annual impairment tests, the Company performs an interim impairment test.

Goodwill impairment testing is performed on a reporting unit basis. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, including goodwill, goodwill is considered not impaired. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss shall be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The loss recognized cannot subsequently be reversed.

In accordance with the accounting guidance, the Company performed a goodwill impairment assessment immediately before and after the January 1, 2022 change in operating segments, neither of which resulted in any additional impairment charges.

During the second quarter of 2022, the Company identified a goodwill impairment indicator in our International Operations reporting unit as a result of lower operating results compared to forecast. Our International Operations reporting unit has goodwill of $22,867,000 as of June 30, 2022. The Company performed an interim quantitative goodwill impairment test and determined no goodwill impairment existed. However, the excess of the fair value over the carrying value was not significant, and the use of different key assumptions could result in an impairment of goodwill, which could be material.

The carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, is compared with the estimated fair value of the reporting unit as determined utilizing a combination of the income and market approaches. The income approach, which is a level 3 fair value measurement, is based on projected debt-free cash flow which is discounted to the present value using discount factors that consider the timing and risk of the cash flows. The market approach is based on the Guideline Public Company Method, which uses market pricing metrics to select multiples to value the Company's reporting units. The resulting estimated fair values of the combined reporting units are reconciled to the Company's market capitalization including an estimated implied control premium. The Company believes that the combination of these approaches is appropriate because it provides a fair value estimate based upon the combination of the reporting unit's expected long-term operating cash flow performance and multiples with which similar publicly traded companies are valued. The Company weights the income and market approaches equally.

The key assumptions used in estimating the fair value of the International Operations reporting unit utilizing the income approach include the discount rate and the terminal growth rate. The discount rates utilized in estimating the fair value of the International Operations reporting unit was 17.0%, reflecting the Company's assessment of a market participant's view of the risks associated with the projected cash flows. The terminal growth rate used in the analysis was 2.0%. The assumptions used in estimating the fair values are based on currently available data and management's best estimates of revenues, EBITDA, and free cash flows and, accordingly, a change in market conditions or other factors could have a material effect on the estimated values. There are inherent uncertainties related to the assumptions used and to management's application of these assumptions.