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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value measurements and disclosures require the use of valuation techniques to measure fair value that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize use of unobservable inputs. These inputs are prioritized as follows:
•Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities or market corroborated inputs.
•Level 3: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data and which require us to develop our own assumptions about how market participants price the asset or liability.
The valuation techniques that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:
•Market approach—Uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.
•Income approach—Uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount based on current market expectations about those future amounts.
•Cost approach—Based on the amount that currently would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).
The following tables set forth our financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, by level within the fair value hierarchy. Assets measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to their fair value measurement.
Fair Value as ofFair Value Measurements Using Fair Value Hierarchy as of
March 31, 2024March 31, 2024
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation Technique
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$22,968 $22,968 $— $— Market
Restricted cash41,328 41,328 — — Market
Notes receivable11,664 — 11,664 — Market
Total assets$75,960 $64,296 $11,664 $— 
Fair Value as ofFair Value Measurements Using Fair Value Hierarchy as of
December 31, 2023December 31, 2023
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation Technique
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$29,367 $29,367 $— $— Market
Restricted cash58,112 58,112 — — Market
Notes receivable11,664 — 11,664 — Market
Total assets
$99,143 $87,479 $11,664 $— 
Our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash consist largely of demand deposit accounts with maturities of 90 days or less when purchased that are considered to be highly liquid. These instruments are valued using inputs observable in active markets for identical instruments and are therefore classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy.
The fair value of our commodity derivative assets that are classified as Level 2 measurements are estimated by applying the market approach, based on quotes of observable market transactions, and adjusted for estimated differential factors based on quality and delivery locations.
Except as discussed below, our financial instruments other than cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and the CarbonFree note receivable consist principally of accounts receivable, notes receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and loans payable, whose fair values approximate their carrying values due to their short maturity profiles.
The fair value of our bonds, notes and loans payable reported as Debt, net in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are presented in the table below:
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Series 2020 A Bonds (1)
$148,896 $138,666 
Series 2020 B Bonds (1)
77,754 75,928 
Series 2021 A Bonds (1)
163,653 154,306 
Series 2021 B Bonds (1)
172,672 165,208 
Senior Notes due 2027625,746 625,038 
EB-5 Loan Agreement21,578 21,240 
EB-5.2 Loan Agreement8,279 8,183 
EB-5.3 Loan Agreement22,488 22,491 
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(1) Fair value is based upon market prices for similar municipal securities.
The fair value of all other items reported as Debt, net in the Consolidated Balance Sheets approximate their carrying values due to their bearing market rates of interest and are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.
We measure the fair value of certain assets on a non-recurring basis when U.S. GAAP requires the application of fair value, including events or changes in circumstances that indicate that the carrying amounts of assets may not be recoverable. Assets subject to these measurements include goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and leasing equipment. We record such assets at fair value when it is determined the carrying value may not be recoverable. Fair value measurements for assets subject to impairment tests are based on an income approach which uses Level 3 inputs, which include our assumptions as to future cash flows from operation of the underlying businesses.