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General and Basis of Presentation (Q2) (Policies) | 6 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019
General and Basis of Presentation [Abstract] |  |
Segment Reporting | Segment Reporting Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), or decision making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. We currently operate in one operating and reportable business segment for financial reporting purposes. Our Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. The CODM only evaluates profitability based on consolidated results. | Segment Reporting Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), or decision making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. We currently operate in one operating and reportable business segment for financial reporting purposes. Our Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. The CODM only evaluates profitability based on consolidated results.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” which introduces new guidance for estimating credit losses on certain types of financial instruments based on expected losses and the timing of the recognition of such losses. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, which made this standard effective for us on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment," which eliminates Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test that requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment loss instead is measured at the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the recorded amount of goodwill. The provisions of this ASU are effective for years beginning after December 15, 2019, which made this standard effective for us on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement”, which modifies the disclosure requirement for fair value measurement under ASC 820 to improve the effectiveness of such disclosures. Those modifications include the removal and addition of disclosure requirements as well as clarifying specific disclosure requirements. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, which made this standard effective for us on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract,” which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, which made this standard effective for us on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740)”, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes. This standard will be effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. While we are currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this ASU, we do not believe the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. | Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (ASC Topic 842)”, which requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet and expands disclosures about leasing arrangements for both lessees and lessors, among other items, for most lease arrangements. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, which made the new standard effective for us on January 1, 2019. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, “Leases (ASC Topic 842): Targeted Improvements,” which allows for an additional transition method under the modified retrospective approach for the adoption of ASU 2016-02. The two permitted transition methods are (a) to apply the new lease requirements at the beginning of the earliest period presented (the Comparative Method) and (b) to apply the new lease requirements at the effective date (the Effective Date Method). Under both transition methods there is a cumulative effect adjustment. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2019 by applying the new lease requirements utilizing the Effective Date Method for all leases with terms greater than 12 months. We elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which included carrying forward historical assessments of: (1) whether contracts are or contain leases, (2) lease classification and (3) initial direct costs. The adoption of this standard resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets of $2.0 million and additional lease liabilities of $2.0 million as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our operating results or cash flows. The comparative periods have not been restated for the adoption of ASU 2016-02. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” which introduces new guidance for estimating credit losses on certain types of financial instruments based on expected losses and the timing of the recognition of such losses. This standard will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. While we are currently assessing the impact the adoption of this ASU will have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows, we do not believe the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” which eliminates Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test that requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment loss will instead be measured at the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the recorded amount of goodwill. The provisions of this ASU are effective for years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for any impairment test performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement”, which modifies the disclosure requirement for fair value measurement under ASC 820 to improve the effectiveness of such disclosures. Those modifications include the removal and addition of disclosure requirements as well as clarifying specific disclosure requirements. This standard will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract,” which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This standard will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition We account for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The unit of account in ASC 606 is a performance obligation, which is a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer a good or service to the customer. ASC 606 prescribes a five-step model for recognizing revenue that includes identifying the contract with the customer, determining the performance obligation(s), determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligation(s), and recognizing revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied. Timing of the satisfaction of performance obligations varies across our businesses due to our diverse product and service mix, customer base, and contractual terms. Significant judgment can be required in determining certain performance obligations, and these determinations could change the amount of revenue and profit recorded in a given period. Our contracts may have a single performance obligation or multiple performance obligations. When there are multiple performance obligations within a contract, we allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation based on our best estimate of standalone selling price. The majority of our revenue is recognized over time, as control is transferred continuously to our customers who receive and consume benefits as we perform, and is classified as services revenue. All of our business groups earn services revenue under a variety of contract types, including time and materials, firm-fixed price, firm fixed price level of effort, and cost plus fixed fee contract types, which may include variable consideration as discussed further below. Revenue is recognized over time using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying our performance obligations. Incurred cost represents work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material, subcontractor costs and indirect expenses. This continuous transfer of control to the customer is supported by clauses in our contracts with U.S. Government customers whereby the customer may terminate a contract for convenience and then pay for costs incurred plus a profit, at which time the customer would take control of any work in process. For non-U.S. Government contracts where we perform as a subcontractor and our order includes similar Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) provisions as the prime contractor’s order from the U.S. Government, continuous transfer of control is likewise supported by such provisions. For other non-U.S. Government customers, continuous transfer of control to such customers is also supported due to general terms in our contracts and rights to recover damages which would include, among other potential damages, the right to payment for our work performed to date plus a reasonable profit. Due to the transfer of control over time, revenue is recognized based on progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the performance obligations. We generally use the cost-to-cost measure of progress on a proportional performance basis for our contracts because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on certain of our performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Contract estimates are based on various assumptions including labor and subcontractor costs, materials and other direct costs and the complexity of the work to be performed. A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of our contracts. We review and update our contract-related estimates regularly and recognize adjustments in estimated profit on contracts on a cumulative catch-up basis, which may result in an adjustment increasing or decreasing revenue to date on a contract in a particular period that the adjustment is identified. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance are recognized using the adjusted estimate. Revenue that is recognized at a point in time is for the sale of software licenses in our Secure Mobility and Network Management/Defense Enterprise Solutions (formerly Secure Mobility Solutions in our Cyber Operations and Defense (“CO&D”) reporting unit) and Secure Communications Cyber and Enterprise Solutions (formerly IT & Enterprise Solutions) business groups and for the sale of resold products in Telos ID Enterprise Solutions (formerly Identity Management Solutions) and Cyber & Cloud Solutions (formerly CO&D’s Cyber Security Solutions), and is classified as product revenue. Revenue on these contracts is recognized when the customer obtains control of the transferred product or service, which is generally upon delivery of the product to the customer for their use, due to us maintaining control of the product until that point. Orders for the sale of software licenses may contain multiple performance obligations, such as maintenance, training, or consulting services, which are typically delivered over time, consistent with the transfer of control disclosed above for the provision of services. When an order contains multiple performance obligations, we allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations using our best estimate of standalone selling price. Contracts are routinely and often modified to account for changes in contract requirements, specifications, quantities, or price. Depending on the nature of the modification, we determine whether to account for the modification as an adjustment to the existing contract or as a new contract. Generally, modifications are not distinct from the existing contract due to the significant interrelatedness of the performance obligations and are therefore accounted for as an adjustment to the existing contract, and recognized as a cumulative adjustment to revenue (as either an increase or reduction of revenue) based on the modification’s effect on progress toward completion of a performance obligation. Our contracts may include various types of variable consideration, such as claims (for instance, indirect rate or other equitable adjustments) or incentive fees. We include estimated amounts in the transaction price based on all of the information available to us, including historical information and future estimations, and to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when any uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. We have revised and re-submitted several years of incurred cost submissions reflecting certain indirect rate structure changes as a result of regular Defense Contract Audit Agency (“DCAA”) audits of incurred cost submissions. This resulted in signed final rate agreement letters for fiscal years 2011 to 2013 and conformed incurred cost submissions for 2014 to 2015. We evaluated the resulting changes to revenue under the applicable cost plus fixed fee contracts for the years 2011 to 2015 as variable consideration, and determined the most likely amount to which we expect to be entitled, to the extent that no constraint exists that would preclude recognizing this revenue or result in a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized. We included these estimated amounts of variable consideration in the transaction price and as performance on these contracts is complete, we recognized revenue of $6.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2018. Historically, most of our contracts do not include award or incentive fees. For incentive fees, we would include such fees in the transaction price to the extent we could reasonably estimate the amount of the fee. With limited historical experience, we have not included any revenue related to incentive fees in our estimated transaction prices. We may include in our contract estimates additional revenue for submitted contract modifications or claims against the customer when we believe we have an enforceable right to the modification or claim, the amount can be estimated reliably and its realization is probable. We consider the contractual/legal basis for the claim (in particular FAR provisions), the facts and circumstances around any additional costs incurred, the reasonableness of those costs and the objective evidence available to support such claims. For our contracts that have an original duration of one year or less, we use the practical expedient applicable to such contracts and do not consider the time value of money. We capitalize sales commissions related to proprietary software and related services that are directly tied to sales. We do not elect the practical expedient to expense as incurred the incremental costs of obtaining a contract if the amortization period would have been one year or less. For the sales commissions that are capitalized, we amortize the asset over the expected customer life, which is based on recent and historical data. Contract assets are amounts that are invoiced as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals or upon achievement of contractual milestones. Generally, revenue recognition occurs before billing, resulting in contract assets. These contract assets are referred to as unbilled receivables and are reported within accounts receivable, net of reserve on our consolidated balance sheets. Billed receivables are amounts billed and due from our customers and are reported within accounts receivable, net of reserve on the consolidated balance sheets. The portion of the payments retained by the customer until final contract settlement is not considered a significant financing component due to the intent of the retainage being the customer’s protection with respect to full and final performance under the contract. Contract liabilities are payments received in advance and milestone payments from our customers on selected contracts that exceed revenue earned to date, resulting in contract liabilities. Contract liabilities typically are not considered a significant financing component because they are generally satisfied within one year and are used to meet working capital demands that can be higher in the early stages of a contract. Contract liabilities are reported on our consolidated balance sheet on a net contract basis at the end of each reporting period. We have one reportable segment. We treat sales to U.S. customers as sales within the U.S. regardless of where the services are performed. Substantially all of our revenues are from U.S. customers as revenue derived from international customers is de minims. The following tables disclose revenue (in thousands) by customer type and contract type for the periods presented.
|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Federal |  | $ | 46,877 |  |  | $ | 33,774 |  |  | $ | 82,968 |  |  | $ | 62,757 |
State & Local, and Commercial |  |  | 1,733 |  |  |  | 2,274 |  |  |  | 4,621 |  |  |  | 4,457 |
Total |  | $ | 48,610 |  |  | $ | 36,048 |  |  | $ | 87,589 |  |  | $ | 67,214 |
|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Firm fixed-price |  | $ | 41,935 |  |  | $ | 28,857 |  |  | $ | 73,596 |  |  | $ | 53,787 |
Time-and-materials |  |  | 3,637 |  |  |  | 3,691 |  |  |  | 7,462 |  |  |  | 7,620 |
Cost plus fixed fee |  |  | 3,038 |  |  |  | 3,500 |  |  |  | 6,531 |  |  |  | 5,807 |
Total |  | $ | 48,610 |  |  | $ | 36,048 |  |  | $ | 87,589 |  |  | $ | 67,214 |
The following table discloses accounts receivable and contract assets (in thousands):
|  | June 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
Billed accounts receivable |  | $ | 18,420 |  |  | $ | 11,917 |
Unbilled receivables |  |  | 20,689 |  |  |  | 16,745 |
Allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  | (738 | ) |  |  | (720 | )
Receivables – net |  | $ | 38,371 |  |  | $ | 27,942 |
The following table discloses contract liabilities (in thousands):
|  | June 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
Contract liabilities |  | $ | 6,682 |  |  | $ | 6,337 |
As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had $84.8 million and $112.4 million of remaining performance obligations, respectively, which we also refer to as funded backlog. We expect to recognize approximately 87.6% of our remaining performance obligations as revenue in 2020, an additional 11.4% in 2021, and the balance thereafter. We recognized revenue of $1.1 million and $3.5 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and $1.2 million and $3.1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, that was included in the contract liabilities balance at the beginning of each fiscal year. | Revenue Recognition We account for revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The unit of account in ASC 606 is a performance obligation, which is a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer a good or service to the customer. ASC 606 prescribes a five-step model for recognizing revenue that includes identifying the contract with the customer, determining the performance obligation(s), determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligation(s), and recognizing revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied. Timing of the satisfaction of performance obligations varies across our businesses due to our diverse product and service mix, customer base, and contractual terms. Significant judgment can be required in determining certain performance obligations, and these determinations could change the amount of revenue and profit recorded in a given period. Our contracts may have a single performance obligation or multiple performance obligations. When there are multiple performance obligations within a contract, we allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation based on our best estimate of standalone selling price. We account for a contract after it has been approved by the parties to the contract, the rights and the payment terms of the parties are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability is probable, which is presumed for our U.S. Government customers and prime contractors for which we perform as subcontractors to U.S. Government end-customers. The majority of our revenue is recognized over time, as control is transferred continuously to our customers who receive and consume benefits as we perform, and is classified as services revenue. All of our business groups earn services revenue under a variety of contract types, including time and materials, firm-fixed price, firm fixed price level of effort, and cost plus fixed fee contract types, which may include variable consideration as discussed further below. Revenue is recognized over time using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress toward satisfying our performance obligations. Incurred cost represents work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material, subcontractor costs and indirect expenses. This continuous transfer of control to the customer is supported by clauses in our contracts with U.S. Government customers whereby the customer may terminate a contract for convenience and then pay for costs incurred plus a profit, at which time the customer would take control of any work in process. For non-U.S. Government contracts where we perform as a subcontractor and our order includes similar Federal Acquisition Regulation (the FAR) provisions as the prime contractor’s order from the U.S. Government, continuous transfer of control is likewise supported by such provisions. For other non-U.S. Government customers, continuous transfer of control to such customers is also supported due to general terms in our contracts and rights to recover damages which would include, among other potential damages, the right to payment for our work performed to date plus a reasonable profit. Due to the transfer of control over time, revenue is recognized based on progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the performance obligations. We generally use the cost-to-cost measure of progress on a proportional performance basis for our contracts because it best depicts the transfer of control to the customer which occurs as we incur costs on our contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on certain of our performance obligations, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complex, subject to many variables and requires significant judgment. Contract estimates are based on various assumptions including labor and subcontractor costs, materials and other direct costs and the complexity of the work to be performed. A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of our contracts. We review and update our contract-related estimates regularly and recognize adjustments in estimated profit on contracts on a cumulative catch-up basis, which may result in an adjustment increasing or decreasing revenue to date on a contract in a particular period that the adjustment is identified. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance are recognized using the adjusted estimate. Revenue that is recognized at a point in time is for the sale of software licenses in our Secure Mobility and Network Management/Defense Enterprise Solutions (formerly CO&D’s Secure Mobility Solutions) and Secure Communications Cyber and Enterprise Solutions (formerly IT & Enterprise Solutions) business groups and for the sale of resold products in Telos ID Enterprise Solutions (formerly Identity Management Solutions) and Cyber & Cloud Solutions (formerly CO&D’s Cyber Security Solutions), and is classified as product revenue. Revenue on these contracts is recognized when the customer obtains control of the transferred product or service, which is generally upon delivery of the product to the customer for their use, due to us maintaining control of the product until that point. Orders for the sale of software licenses may contain multiple performance obligations, such as maintenance, training, or consulting services, which are typically delivered over time, consistent with the transfer of control disclosed above for the provision of services. When an order contains multiple performance obligations, we allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations using our best estimate of standalone selling price. Contracts are routinely and often modified to account for changes in contract requirements, specifications, quantities, or price. Depending on the nature of the modification, we determine whether to account for the modification as an adjustment to the existing contract or as a new contract. Generally, modifications are not distinct from the existing contract due to the significant interrelatedness of the performance obligations and are therefore accounted for as an adjustment to the existing contract, and recognized as a cumulative adjustment to revenue (as either an increase or reduction of revenue) based on the modification’s effect on progress toward completion of a performance obligation. Our contracts may include various types of variable consideration, such as claims (for instance, indirect rate or other equitable adjustments) or incentive fees. We include estimated amounts in the transaction price based on all of the information available to us, including historical information and future estimations, and to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when any uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. We have revised and re-submitted several years of incurred cost submissions reflecting certain indirect rate structure changes as a result of regular DCAA audits of incurred cost submissions. This resulted in signed final rate agreement letters for fiscal years 2011 to 2013 and conformed incurred cost submissions for 2014 to 2015. We evaluated the resulting changes to revenue under the applicable cost plus fixed fee contracts for the years 2011 to 2015 as variable consideration, and determined the most likely amount to which we expect to be entitled, to the extent that no constraint exists that would preclude recognizing this revenue or result in a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized. We included these estimated amounts of variable consideration in the transaction price and as performance on these contracts is complete, we have recognized revenue of $6.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2018. Historically, most of our contracts do not include award or incentive fees. For incentive fees, we would include such fees in the transaction price to the extent we could reasonably estimate the amount of the fee. With limited historical experience, we have not included any revenue related to incentive fees in our estimated transaction prices. We may include in our contract estimates additional revenue for submitted contract modifications or claims against the customer when we believe we have an enforceable right to the modification or claim, the amount can be estimated reliably and its realization is probable. We consider the contractual/legal basis for the claim (in particular FAR provisions), the facts and circumstances around any additional costs incurred, the reasonableness of those costs and the objective evidence available to support such claims. For our contracts that have an original duration of one year or less, we use the practical expedient applicable to such contracts and do not consider the time value of money. We capitalize sales commissions related to proprietary software and related services that are directly tied to sales. We do not elect the practical expedient to expense as incurred the incremental costs of obtaining a contract if the amortization period would have been one year or less. For the sales commissions that are capitalized, we amortize the asset over the expected customer life, which is based on recent and historical data. Contract assets are amounts that are invoiced as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, either at periodic intervals or upon achievement of contractual milestones. Generally, revenue recognition occurs before billing, resulting in contract assets. These contract assets are referred to as unbilled receivables and are reported within accounts receivable, net of reserve on our consolidated balance sheets. Billed receivables are amounts billed and due from our customers and are reported within accounts receivable, net of reserve on the consolidated balance sheets. The portion of the payments retained by the customer until final contract settlement is not considered a significant financing component due to the intent of the retainage being the customer’s protection with respect to full and final performance under the contract. Contract liabilities are payments received in advance and milestone payments from our customers on selected contracts that exceed revenue earned to date, resulting in contract liabilities. Contract liabilities typically are not considered a significant financing component because they are generally satisfied within one year and are used to meet working capital demands that can be higher in the early stages of a contract. Contract liabilities are reported on our consolidated balance sheet on a net contract basis at the end of each reporting period. We have one reportable segment. We treat sales to U.S. customers as sales within the U.S. regardless of where the services are performed. Substantially all of our revenues are from U.S. customers as revenue derived from international customers is de minimus. The following tables disclose revenue (in thousands) by customer type and contract type for the periods presented. Prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective method.
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Federal |  | $ | 149,257 |  |  | $ | 129,279 |  |  | $ | 101,519 |
State & Local, and Commercial |  |  | 9,961 |  |  |  | 8,737 |  |  |  | 6,208 |
Total |  | $ | 159,218 |  |  | $ | 138,016 |  |  | $ | 107,727 |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Firm fixed-price |  | $ | 131,629 |  |  | $ | 103,454 |  |  | $ | 89,516 |
Time-and-materials |  |  | 14,569 |  |  |  | 16,795 |  |  |  | 10,222 |
Cost plus fixed fee |  |  | 13,020 |  |  |  | 17,767 |  |  |  | 7,989 |
Total |  | $ | 159,218 |  |  | $ | 138,016 |  |  | $ | 107,727 |
The following table discloses accounts receivable and contract assets (in thousands):
|  | December 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Billed accounts receivable |  | $ | 11,917 |  |  | $ | 18,848 |
Unbilled receivables |  |  | 16,745 |  |  |  | 16,000 |
Allowance for doubtful accounts |  |  | (720 | ) |  |  | (306 | )
Receivables – net |  | $ | 27,942 |  |  | $ | 34,542 |
The following table discloses contract liabilities (in thousands):
|  | December 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Contract liabilities |  | $ | 6,337 |  |  | $ | 5,232 |
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we had $112.4 million and $79.3 million of remaining performance obligations, respectively, which we also refer to as funded backlog. We expect to recognize approximately 98.4% of our remaining performance obligations as revenue in 2020, an additional 1.1% by 2021 and the balance thereafter. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the amount of revenue recognized during the year that was included in the opening contract liabilities balance was $4.2 million and $5.5 million, respectively.
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are stated at the invoiced amount, less an allowance for doubtful accounts. Collectability of accounts receivable is regularly reviewed based upon management’s knowledge of the specific circumstances related to overdue balances. The allowance for doubtful accounts is adjusted based on such evaluation. Accounts receivable balances are written off against the allowance when management deems the balances uncollectible. On July 15, 2016, the Company entered into an accounts receivable purchase agreement under which the Company sells certain accounts receivable to a third party, or the “Factor”, without recourse to the Company. The Factor initially pays the Company 90% of U.S. Federal government receivables or 85% of certain commercial prime contractors. The remaining payment is deferred and based on the amount the Factor receives from our customer, less a discount fee and a program access fee that is determined by the amount of time the receivable is outstanding before payment. The structure of the transaction provides for a true sale of the receivables transferred. Accordingly, upon transfer of the receivable to the Factor, the receivable is removed from the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet, a loss on the sale is recorded and the residual amount remains a deferred payment as an accounts receivable until payment is received from the Factor. The balance of the sold receivables may not exceed $10 million. There were no accounts receivable sold during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company sold approximately $4.4 million and $9.4 million of accounts receivable, respectively, and recognized a related loss of approximately $15,000 and $32,000 in selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, for the same period. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were no outstanding sold accounts receivable. | Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are stated at the invoiced amount, less an allowance for doubtful accounts. Collectability of accounts receivable is regularly reviewed based upon managements’ knowledge of the specific circumstances related to overdue balances. The allowance for doubtful accounts is adjusted based on such evaluation. Accounts receivable balances are written off against the allowance when management deems the balances uncollectible.
Inventories | Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, where cost is determined using the weighted average method. Substantially all inventories consist of purchased off-the-shelf hardware and software, and component computer parts used in connection with system integration services that we perform. An allowance for obsolete, slow-moving or nonsalable inventory is provided for all other inventory. This allowance is based on our overall obsolescence experience and our assessment of future inventory requirements. This charge is taken primarily due to the age of the specific inventory and the significant additional costs that would be necessary to upgrade to current standards as well as the lack of forecasted sales for such inventory in the near future. Gross inventory was $4.2 million and $2.8 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. As of June 30, 2020, it is management’s judgment that we have fully provided for any potential inventory obsolescence, which was $0.9 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. | Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, where cost is determined using the weighted average method. Substantially all inventories consist of purchased customer off-the-shelf hardware and software, and component computer parts used in connection with system integration services that we perform. An allowance for obsolete, slow-moving or nonsalable inventory is provided for all other inventory. This allowance is based on our overall obsolescence experience and our assessment of future inventory requirements. This charge is taken primarily due to the age of the specific inventory and the significant additional costs that would be necessary to upgrade to current standards as well as the lack of forecasted sales for such inventory in the near future. Gross inventory was $2.8 million and $4.9 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2019, it is management’s judgment that we have fully provided for any potential inventory obsolescence. The components of the allowance for inventory obsolescence are set forth below (in thousands):
|  | Balance Beginning of Year |  |  | Additions Charge to Costs and Expense |  |  | Recoveries |  |  | Balance End of Year |
Year Ended December 31, 2019 |  | $ | 520 |  |  | $ | 376 |  |  | $ | (36 | ) |  | $ | 860 |
Year Ended December 31, 2018 |  | $ | 1,484 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | (994 | ) |  | $ | 520 |
Year Ended December 31, 2017 |  | $ | 1,672 |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | (261 | ) |  | $ | 1,484 |
Software Development Costs | Software Development Costs Our policy on accounting for development costs of software to be sold is in accordance with ASC Topic 985-20, “Software – Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased, or Marketed” and ASC Topic 350-40 “Internal Use Software”, in so far as our Xacta products being available in various deployment modalities including on premises licenses and cloud-based Software as a Service (“SaaS”) as well as solutions developed within Telos ID. Under both standards, software development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility is reached, at which time additional costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers or is ready for its intended use, as appropriate. Technological feasibility is established when all planning, designing, coding and testing activities have been completed, and all risks have been identified. Beginning with the second quarter of 2017, software development costs are capitalized and amortized over the estimated product life of 2-3 years on a straight-line basis, depending on the solution. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we capitalized $8.7 million and $5.6 million of software development costs, respectively, which are included as a part of property and equipment. Amortization expense was $0.4 million and $0.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and $0.5 million and $0.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Accumulated amortization was $4.0 million and $3.1 million as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company analyzes the net realizable value of capitalized software development costs on at least an annual basis and has determined that there is no indication of impairment of the capitalized software development costs as forecasted future sales are adequate to support amortization costs. | Software Development Costs Our policy on accounting for development costs of software to be sold is in accordance with ASC Topic 985-20, “Software – Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased, or Marketed” and ASC Topic 350-40 “Internal Use Software” in so far as our Xacta products being available in various deployment modalities including on premises licenses and cloud-based Software as a Service (“SaaS”). Under both standards, software development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility is reached, at which time additional costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers or is ready for its intended use, as appropriate. Technological feasibility is established when all planning, designing, coding and testing activities have been completed, and all risks have been identified. Beginning with the second quarter of 2017, software development costs are capitalized and amortized over the estimated product life of 2 years on a straight-line basis. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, we capitalized $5.6 million and $3.1 million of software development costs, respectively, which are included as a part of property and equipment. Amortization expense was $1.8 million and $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Accumulated amortization was $3.1 million and $1.3 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company analyzes the net realizable value of capitalized software development costs on at least an annual basis and has determined that there is no indication of impairment of the capitalized software development costs as forecasted future sales are adequate to support amortization costs. During 2019, 2018 and 2017, we incurred salary costs for research and development of approximately $4.2 million, $3.5 million and $3.2 million, respectively, which were included as part of the selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
Income Taxes | Income Taxes We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences of temporary differences and income tax credits. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates that are applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized for differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. Any change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in net income in the period in which the tax rate change is enacted. We record a valuation allowance that reduces deferred tax assets when it is "more likely than not" that deferred tax assets will not be realized. We are required to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Based on available evidence, realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income. We considered projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and reversal of taxable temporary differences in making this assessment. As such, we have determined that a full valuation allowance is required as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. As a result of a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, a deferred tax liability related to goodwill remains on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Due to the tax reform enacted on December 22, 2017, net operating losses generated in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 will have an indefinite carryforward period, which will be available to offset future taxable income created by the reversal of temporary taxable differences related to goodwill. As a result, we have adjusted the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets and liabilities at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. We follow the provisions of ASC 740 related to accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. The accounting estimates related to liabilities for uncertain tax positions require us to make judgments regarding the sustainability of each uncertain tax position based on its technical merits. If we determine it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained based on its technical merits, we record the impact of the position in our consolidated financial statements at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. These estimates are updated at each reporting date based on the facts, circumstances and information available. We are also required to assess at each reporting date whether it is reasonably possible that any significant increases or decreases to our unrecognized tax benefits will occur during the next 12 months. The provision for income taxes in interim periods is computed by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate against earnings before income tax expense for the period. In addition, non-recurring or discrete items are recorded during the period in which they occur. | Income Taxes We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Under ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences of temporary differences and income tax credits. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured by applying enacted statutory tax rates that are applicable to the future years in which deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized for differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. Any change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in net income in the period in which the tax rate change is enacted. We record a valuation allowance that reduces deferred tax assets when it is “more likely than not” that deferred tax assets will not be realized. We are required to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Based on available evidence, realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income. We considered projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and reversal of taxable temporary differences in making this assessment. As such, we have determined that a full valuation allowance is required as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. As a result of a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, a deferred tax liability related to goodwill remains on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019 and 2018. Due to the tax reform enacted on December 22, 2017, net operating losses generated in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 will have an indefinite carryforward period, which will be available to offset future taxable income created by the reversal of temporary taxable differences related to goodwill. As a result, we have adjusted the valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018. See additional information on tax reform and its impact on our income taxes in Note 9 – Income Taxes. We follow the provisions of ASC 740 related to accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. The accounting estimates related to liabilities for uncertain tax positions require us to make judgments regarding the sustainability of each uncertain tax position based on its technical merits. If we determine it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained based on its technical merits, we record the impact of the position in our consolidated financial statements at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. These estimates are updated at each reporting date based on the facts, circumstances and information available. We are also required to assess at each reporting date whether it is reasonably possible that any significant increases or decreases to our unrecognized tax benefits will occur during the next 12 months.
Goodwill | Goodwill We evaluate the impairment of goodwill in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other,” which requires goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets to be assessed on at least an annual basis for impairment using a fair value basis. Between annual evaluations, if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount, then impairment must be evaluated. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climate, or (2) a loss of key contracts or customers. As the result of an acquisition, we record any excess purchase price over the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired as goodwill. An allocation of the purchase price to tangible and intangible net assets acquired is based upon our valuation of the acquired assets. Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to annual impairment tests. We complete our goodwill impairment tests as of December 31st each year. Additionally, we make evaluations between annual tests if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The evaluation is based on the estimation of the fair values of our three reporting units, CO&D, Telos ID Enterprise Solutions, and Secure Communications Cyber and Enterprise Solutions, of which goodwill is housed in the CO&D reporting unit, in comparison to the reporting unit’s net asset carrying values. Our discounted cash flows required management’s judgment with respect to forecasted revenue streams and operating margins, capital expenditures and the selection and use of an appropriate discount rate. We utilized the weighted average cost of capital as derived by certain assumptions specific to our facts and circumstances as the discount rate. The net assets attributable to the reporting units are determined based upon the estimated assets and liabilities attributable to the reporting units in deriving its free cash flows. In addition, the estimate of the total fair value of our reporting units is compared to the market capitalization of the Company. The Company’s assessment resulted in a fair value that was greater than the Company’s carrying value, therefore the second step of the impairment test, as prescribed by the authoritative literature, was not required to be performed and no impairment of goodwill was recorded as of December 31, 2019. Subsequent reviews may result in future periodic impairments that could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations in the period recognized. Recent operating results have reduced the projection of future cash flow growth potential, which indicates that certain negative potential events, such as a material loss or losses on contracts, or failure to achieve projected growth could result in impairment in the future. We estimate fair value of our reporting unit and compare the valuation with the respective carrying value for the reporting unit to determine whether any goodwill impairment exists. If we determine through the impairment review process that goodwill is impaired, we will record an impairment charge in our consolidated statements of operations. Goodwill is amortized and deducted over a 15-year period for tax purposes. | Goodwill We evaluate the impairment of goodwill in accordance with ASC 350, which requires goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets to be assessed on at least an annual basis for impairment using a fair value basis. Between annual evaluations, if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount, then impairment must be evaluated. Such circumstances could include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climate, or (2) a loss of key contracts or customers. As the result of an acquisition, we record any excess purchase price over the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired as goodwill. An allocation of the purchase price to tangible and intangible net assets acquired is based upon our valuation of the acquired assets. Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to annual impairment tests. We complete our goodwill impairment tests as of December 31st each year. Additionally, we make evaluations between annual tests if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The evaluation is based on the estimation of the fair values of our three reporting units, Cyber Operations and Defense (“CO&D”), Telos ID Enterprise Solutions, and Secure Communications Cyber and Enterprise Solutions, of which goodwill is housed in the CO&D reporting units, in comparison to the reporting unit’s net asset carrying values. Our discounted cash flows required management’s judgment with respect to forecasted revenue streams and operating margins, capital expenditures and the selection and use of an appropriate discount rate. We utilized the weighted average cost of capital as derived by certain assumptions specific to our facts and circumstances as the discount rate. The net assets attributable to the reporting units are determined based upon the estimated assets and liabilities attributable to the reporting units in deriving its free cash flows. In addition, the estimate of the total fair value of our reporting units is compared to the market capitalization of the Company. The Company’s assessment resulted in a fair value that was greater than the Company’s carrying value, therefore the second step of the impairment test, as prescribed by the authoritative literature, was not required to be performed and no impairment of goodwill was recorded as of December 31, 2019. Subsequent reviews may result in future periodic impairments that could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations in the period recognized. Recent operating results have reduced the projection of future cash flow growth potential, which indicates that certain negative potential events, such as a material loss or losses on contracts, or failure to achieve projected growth could result in impairment in the future. We estimate fair value of our reporting unit and compare the valuation with the respective carrying value for the reporting unit to determine whether any goodwill impairment exists. If we determine through the impairment review process that goodwill is impaired, we will record an impairment charge in our consolidated statements of operations. Goodwill is amortized and deducted over a 15-year period for tax purposes.
Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based Compensation Compensation cost is recognized based on the requirements of ASC 718, “Stock Compensation,” for all share-based awards granted. Since June 2008, we have issued restricted stock (Class A common) to our executive officers, directors and employees. To date, 100,000 shares have been granted in 2020. Such stock is subject to a vesting schedule as follows: 25% of the restricted stock vests immediately on the date of grant, thereafter, an additional 25% will vest annually on the anniversary of the date of grant subject to continued employment or services. As of June 30, 2020, there were 75,000 shares of restricted stock that remained subject to vesting. In the event of death of the employee or a change in control, as defined by the Telos Corporation 2008 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, the 2013 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, or the 2016 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, all unvested shares shall automatically vest in full. In accordance with ASC 718, we recorded immaterial compensation expense for any of the issuances as the value of our common stock was nominal, based on the deduction of our outstanding debt, capital lease obligations, and preferred stock from an estimated enterprise value, which was estimated based on discounted cash flow analysis, comparable public company analysis, and comparable transaction analysis. Additionally, we determined that a significant change in the valuation estimate for common stock would not have a significant effect on the condensed consolidated financial statements. | Stock-Based Compensation Compensation cost is recognized based on the requirements of ASC 718, “Stock Compensation,” for all share-based awards granted. Since June 2008, we have issued restricted stock (Class A common) to our executive officers, directors and employees. In May 2017, we granted 5,005,000 shares of restricted stock to our executive officers and employees. Such stock is subject to a vesting schedule as follows: 25% of the restricted stock vests immediately on the date of grant, thereafter, an additional 25% will vest annually on the anniversary of the date of grant subject to continued employment or services. As of December 31, 2019, there were 1,198,750 shares of restricted stock that remained subject to vesting. In the event of death of the employee or a change in control, as defined by the Telos Corporation 2008 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, the 2013 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, or the 2016 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan, all unvested shares shall automatically vest in full. In accordance with ASC 718, we recorded immaterial compensation expense for any of the issuances as the value of the common stock was nominal, based on the deduction of our outstanding debt, capital lease obligations, and preferred stock from an estimated enterprise value, which was estimated based on discounted cash flow analysis, comparable public company analysis, and comparable transaction analysis. Additionally, we determined that a significant change in the valuation estimate for common stock would not have a significant effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Net Income (Loss) per Share | Net Income (Loss) per Share Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock and if-converted methods. Dilutive common stock equivalents are comprised of unvested restricted common stock. For all periods presented, there is no difference in the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted shares outstanding as inclusion of the potentially dilutive securities would be antidilutive. Potentially dilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive are as follows (in common stock equivalent shares):
|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Non-controlling interest, beginning of period |  |  | 75 |  |  |  | 1,206 |
Common Stock Warrants, exercisable at $1.321/share |  |  | 1,135 |  |  |  | 1,135 |
Total |  |  | 1,210 |  |  |  | 2,341 |
Unaudited Pro Forma Net Income (Loss) per Share Pro forma unaudited net income (loss) reflects the conversion of the Class A and Class B common stock for common stock on a 1:1 basis and the conversion of our Redeemable Preferred Stock for common stock. The Pro Forma unaudited earnings (loss) per share is computed as follows:
| Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Telos Corporation |
Dividends from preferred stock recorded as interest expense |
Net Income (loss) to Common Shareholders Pro forma adjustment to remove preferred dividends |
Net income (loss) used to compute pro forma net earnings (loss) per share |
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted, effecting the conversation of Class A and class B common stock into common stock |
Pro forma adjustment to reflect conversion of preferred shares |
Weighted average common shares outstanding used in computing pro forma net earnings per share, basic and diluted |
Pro forma net earnings (loss) per common share, basic and diluted |
Unaudited Pro Forma Balance Sheet Information The unaudited Pro Forma balance sheet and statement of operations information as of June 30, 2020, reflects the conversion of the Public Preferred Stock into shares of the Company’s common stock and cash upon completion of the Company’s planned initial public offering. The shares of common stock issuable and the proceeds expected to be received in the IPO are excluded from such pro forma financial information. | Earnings (Loss) per Share Basic net earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock and if-converted methods. Dilutive common stock equivalents are comprised of unvested restricted common stock and common stock warrants. For all periods presented, there is no difference in the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted shares outstanding as inclusion of the potentially dilutive securities would be antidilutive. Potentially dilutive securities not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive are as follows (in common stock equivalent shares):
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Unvested restricted stock |  |  | 1,191 |  |  |  | 2,428 |  |  |  | 3,724 |
Common Stock Warrants, exercisable at $1.321/share |  |  | 1,135 |  |  |  | 1,135 |  |  |  | 1,135 |
Total |  |  | 2,326 |  |  |  | 3,563 |  |  |  | 4,859 |
Unaudited Pro Forma Net Income (Loss) per Share Pro forma unaudited net income (loss) reflects the conversion of the Class A and Class B common stock for common stock on a 1:1 basis and the conversion of our Redeemable Preferred Stock for common stock. The pro forma unaudited earnings (loss) per share is computed as follows:
|  | 2019 |
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Telos Corporation |  |  |  |
Dividends from preferred stock recorded as interest expense |  |  |  |
Net income used to compute pro forma net earnings (loss) per share |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted reflecting the conversion of Class A and Class B common stock into common stock |  |  |  |
Pro forma adjustment to reflect conversion of preferred shares |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding used in computing pro forma net earnings per share, basic and diluted |  |  |  |
Pro forma net earnings (loss) per common share, basic and diluted |  |  |  |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Our functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. For one of our wholly owned subsidiaries, the functional currency is the local currency. For this subsidiary, the translation of its foreign currency into U.S. Dollars is performed for assets and liabilities using current foreign currency exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using average foreign currency exchange rates during the period. Translation gains and losses are included in stockholders’ deficit as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Accumulated other comprehensive income included within stockholders’ deficit consists of the following (in thousands):
|  | June 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
Cumulative foreign currency translation loss |  | $ | (100 | ) |  | $ | (101 | )
Cumulative actuarial gain on pension liability adjustment |  |  | 107 |  |  |  | 107 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 6 |
| Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss includes changes in equity (net assets) during a period from non-owner sources. Our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was comprised of a loss from foreign currency translation of $101,000 and $90,000 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and actuarial gain on pension liability adjustments in Teloworks of $107,000 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.

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- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for its research and development and computer software activities including the accounting treatment for costs incurred for (1) research and development activities, (2) development of computer software for internal use, (3) computer software to be sold, leased or otherwise marketed as a separate product or as part of a product or process and (4) in-process research and development acquired in a purchase business combination. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84158767&loc=d3e18780-107790 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 50 -Section 25 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=16397303&loc=d3e19347-109286 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 985 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6501960&loc=d3e128462-111756 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 40 -Section 30 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=118172244&loc=d3e17916-109280 Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.15) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120391452&loc=d3e13212-122682 + Details
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