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EXPENSES (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Notes and other explanatory information [abstract]  
SCHEDULE OF EXPENSES BY NATURE

Research and development costs can be analysed as follows:

 

   2024   2023   2022 
             
Wages and benefits  $4,388,075   $4,298,207$   4,267,937 
Subcontract fees   2,134,948    1,864,122    2,946,729 
Stock-based compensation   2,091,583    1,539,235    2,054,187 
Supplies   2,720,035    2,376,366    1,477,890 
                
Research and development costs  $11,334,641   $10,077,930   $10,746,743 

 

Selling, marketing and administration costs can be analysed as follows:

 

Stock-based compensation  $3,377,786   $2,662,209   $2,382,417 
Wages and benefits   2,975,488    2,649,770    2,648,862 
Professional fees   1,936,592    1,744,771    1,173,743 
General expenses   1,798,643    1,681,899    1,860,762 
Depreciation and amortization   2,020,195    1,922,140    1,293,158 
Finance advisory fees   6,501,799    -    - 
Rent and facility costs   160,918    134,366    157,329 
                
Selling, marketing and administration costs  $18,771,421   $10,795,155   $9,516,271