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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022
Or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

| Delaware |  | 001-34927 |  | 57-6218917 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (Commission file number) |  | (I.R.S. employer identification number) |

COMPASS GROUP DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS LLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

| Delaware |  | 001-34926 |  | 20-3812051 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (Commission file number) |  | (I.R.S. employer identification number) |

301 Riverside Avenue, Second Floor, Westport, CT 06880
(203) 221-1703
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series A Preferred Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI PR A |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series B Preferred Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI PR B |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series C Preferred Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI PR C |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

| Large accelerated filer |  | x |  | Accelerated filer |  | ¨ | Non-accelerated filer |  | ¨ |
| Smaller reporting company |  | ☐ |  | Emerging growth company |  | ☐ |  |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ý
As of October 28, 2022, there were 72,202,729 Trust common shares of Compass Diversified Holdings outstanding.

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the period ended September 30, 2022
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  |  |  | Page Number
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS |  | 4
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |  |
ITEM 1. |  | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) |  |
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS |  | 5
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS |  | 6
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) |  | 7
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  | 8
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS |  | 10
|  | NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |  | 12
ITEM 2. |  | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |  | 42
ITEM 3. |  | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |  | 78
ITEM 4. |  | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |  | 78
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |  | 79
ITEM 1. |  | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |  | 79
ITEM 1A. |  | RISK FACTORS |  | 79
ITEM 6. |  | EXHIBITS |  | 80
SIGNATURES |  |  | 81

2

NOTE TO READER
In reading this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, references to:
•the “Trust” and “Holdings” refer to Compass Diversified Holdings;
•the “LLC” refer to Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC;
•the "Company" refer to Compass Diversified Holdings and Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC, collectively;
•“businesses”, “operating segments”, “subsidiaries” and “reporting units” all refer to, collectively, the businesses controlled by the Company;
•the “Manager” refer to Compass Group Management LLC (“CGM”);
•the "Trust Agreement" refer to the Third Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust dated as of August 3, 2021;
•the "2022 Credit Facility" refer to the third amended and restated credit agreement entered into on July 12, 2022 among the LLC, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and letter of credit issuer (the "agent")
•the "2022 Revolving Credit Facility" refers to the $600 million in revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit provided by the 2022 Credit Facility that matures in 2027;
•the "2022 Term Loan" refer to the $400 million term loan provided by the 2022 Credit Facility;
•the "2021 Credit Facility" refer to the second amended and restated credit agreement entered into on March 23, 2021 among the LLC, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer (the "agent") and other agents party thereto;
•the "2021 Revolving Credit Facility" refers to the $600 million in revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit provided by the 2021 Credit Facility that matured in 2026;
•the "2018 Credit Facility" refer to the amended and restated credit agreement entered into on April 18, 2018 among the LLC, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer (the "agent") and other agents party thereto, which was subsequently amended and restated by the 2021 Credit Facility;
•the "2018 Revolving Credit Facility" refers to the $600 million in revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit provided by the 2018 Credit Facility;
•the "2018 Term Loan" refer to the $500 million term loan provided by the 2018 Credit Facility;
•the "LLC Agreement" refer to the Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the LLC dated as of August 3, 2021, as further amended; and
•"we," "us" and "our" refer to the Trust, the LLC and the businesses together.
3

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, contains both historical and forward-looking statements. We may, in some cases, use words such as "project," "predict," "believe," "anticipate," "plan," "expect," "estimate," "intend," "should," "would," "could," "potentially," "may," or other words that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes to identify these forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical or current fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws. Forward looking statements include, among other things, (i) statements as to our future performance or liquidity, such as expectations for our results of operation, net income, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted earnings, and ability to make quarterly distributions and (ii) our plans, strategies and objectives for future operations, including our planned capital expenditures. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed or incorporated by reference in our filings with the SEC, including, but not limited to, those described under the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 24, 2022, as such factors may be updated from time to time in our filings with the SEC. Many of these risks and uncertainties are beyond our control. Important factors that could cause our actual results, performance and achievements to differ materially from those estimates or projections contained in our forward-looking statements include, among other things:
•the adverse impact on the U.S. and global economy, including the markets in which we operate, of the novel coronavirus, which causes the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the impact in the near, medium and long-term on our business, results of operations, financial position, liquidity or cash flows;
•disruption in the global supply chain, labor shortages and high labor costs;
•difficulties and delays in integrating, or business disruptions following, acquisitions or an inability to fully realize cost savings and other benefit related thereto;
•our ability to successfully operate our subsidiary businesses on a combined basis, and to effectively integrate and improve future acquisitions;
•our ability to remove CGM and CGM’s right to resign;
•our organizational structure, which may limit our ability to meet our dividend and distribution policy;
•our ability to service and comply with the terms of our indebtedness;
•our cash flow available for distribution and reinvestment and our ability to make distributions in the future to our shareholders;
•our ability to pay the management fee and profit allocation if and when due;
•our ability to make and finance future acquisitions;
•our ability to implement our acquisition and management strategies;
•the legal and regulatory environment in which our subsidiaries operate;
•trends in the industries in which our subsidiaries operate;
•changes in general economic, political or business conditions or economic, political or demographic trends in the United States and other countries in which we have a presence, including changes in interest rates and inflation;
•risks associated with possible disruption in operations or the economy generally due to terrorism or natural disaster or social, civil or political unrest;
•environmental risks affecting the business or operations of our subsidiaries;
•our and CGM’s ability to retain or replace qualified employees of our subsidiaries and CGM;
•the impact of the tax reclassifications of the Trust;
•costs and effects of legal and administrative proceedings, settlements, investigations and claims; and
•extraordinary or force majeure events affecting the business or operations of our subsidiary businesses.
Our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities could differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. Additional risks of which we are not currently aware or which we currently deem immaterial could also cause our actual results to differ.
In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. The forward-looking events discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
4

PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

|  | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
(in thousands) |  | (Unaudited) |  |
Assets |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 61,252 |  |  | $ | 160,733 |
Accounts receivable, net |  | 326,266 |  |  | 277,710 |
Inventories, net |  | 725,902 |  |  | 565,743 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 81,130 |  |  | 57,006 |
Total current assets |  | 1,194,550 |  |  | 1,061,192 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | 193,749 |  |  | 186,477 |
Goodwill |  | 1,194,251 |  |  | 882,083 |
Intangible assets, net |  | 1,096,020 |  |  | 872,690 |
Other non-current assets |  | 162,727 |  |  | 141,819 |
Total assets |  | $ | 3,841,297 |  |  | $ | 3,144,261 |
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 100,511 |  |  | $ | 124,203 |
Accrued expenses |  | 211,633 |  |  | 190,348 |
Due to related party |  | 15,368 |  |  | 12,802 |
Current portion, long-term debt |  | 10,000 |  |  | — |
Other current liabilities |  | 39,378 |  |  | 34,269 |
Total current liabilities |  | 376,890 |  |  | 361,622 |
Deferred income taxes |  | 153,202 |  |  | 97,763 |
Long-term debt |  | 1,784,365 |  |  | 1,284,826 |
Other non-current liabilities |  | 134,857 |  |  | 115,520 |
Total liabilities |  | 2,449,314 |  |  | 1,859,731 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |
Trust preferred shares, 50,000 authorized; 12,600 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |
Series A preferred shares, no par value; 4,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 |  | 96,417 |  |  | 96,417 |
Series B preferred shares, no par value; 4,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 |  | 96,504 |  |  | 96,504 |
Series C preferred shares, no par value; 4,600 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 |  | 110,997 |  |  | 110,997 |
Trust common shares, no par value, 500,000 authorized; 72,203 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and 68,738 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2021 |  | 1,207,082 |  |  | 1,123,193 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (2,593) |  |  | (1,028) |
Accumulated deficit |  | (336,842) |  |  | (314,267) |
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Holdings |  | 1,171,565 |  |  | 1,111,816 |
Noncontrolling interest |  | 220,418 |  |  | 172,714 |
Total stockholders’ equity |  | 1,391,983 |  |  | 1,284,530 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 3,841,297 |  |  | $ | 3,144,261 |

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

|  | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net revenues |  | $ | 597,607 |  |  | $ | 488,158 |  |  | $ | 1,669,123 |  |  | $ | 1,372,266 |
Cost of revenues |  | 358,291 |  |  | 296,027 |  |  | 996,210 |  |  | 818,307 |
Gross profit |  | 239,316 |  |  | 192,131 |  |  | 672,913 |  |  | 553,959 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expense |  | 148,700 |  |  | 118,818 |  |  | 403,428 |  |  | 337,815 |
Management fees |  | 16,717 |  |  | 12,398 |  |  | 46,304 |  |  | 34,504 |
Amortization expense |  | 25,152 |  |  | 19,056 |  |  | 67,191 |  |  | 56,502 |
Operating income |  | 48,747 |  |  | 41,859 |  |  | 155,990 |  |  | 125,138 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net |  | (22,799) |  |  | (13,855) |  |  | (57,737) |  |  | (42,607) |
Amortization of debt issuance costs |  | (1,004) |  |  | (759) |  |  | (2,735) |  |  | (2,167) |
Loss on debt extinguishment |  | (534) |  |  | — |  |  | (534) |  |  | (33,305) |
Other income (expense), net |  | (2,141) |  |  | 1,031 |  |  | 606 |  |  | (1,906) |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes |  | 22,269 |  |  | 28,276 |  |  | 95,590 |  |  | 45,153 |
Provision for income taxes |  | 21,163 |  |  | 9,556 |  |  | 39,201 |  |  | 24,662 |
Income from continuing operations |  | 1,106 |  |  | 18,720 |  |  | 56,389 |  |  | 20,491 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes |  | — |  |  | (1,309) |  |  | — |  |  | 7,665 |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of income taxes |  | 1,479 |  |  | 72,745 |  |  | 6,893 |  |  | 72,745 |
Net income |  | 2,585 |  |  | 90,156 |  |  | 63,282 |  |  | 100,901 |
Less: Net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | 4,359 |  |  | 2,201 |  |  | 14,927 |  |  | 7,915 |
Less: Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | (145) |  |  | — |  |  | 522 |
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (1,774) |  |  | $ | 88,100 |  |  | $ | 48,355 |  |  | $ | 92,464 |
Amounts attributable to Holdings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | (3,253) |  |  | $ | 16,519 |  |  | $ | 41,462 |  |  | $ | 12,576 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income tax |  | — |  |  | (1,164) |  |  | — |  |  | 7,143 |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of income tax |  | 1,479 |  |  | 72,745 |  |  | 6,893 |  |  | 72,745 |
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (1,774) |  |  | $ | 88,100 |  |  | $ | 48,355 |  |  | $ | 92,464 |
Basic income (loss) per common share attributable to Holdings (refer to Note J) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Continuing operations |  | $ | (0.23) |  |  | $ | (0.13) |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | (0.46) |
Discontinued operations |  | 0.02 |  |  | 1.10 |  |  | 0.10 |  |  | 1.23 |
Basic income (loss) per common share attributable to Holdings (refer to Note J) |  | $ | (0.21) |  |  | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 0.20 |  |  | $ | 0.77 |
Basic weighted average number of shares of common shares outstanding |  | 71,910 |  |  | 65,008 |  |  | 70,514 |  |  | 64,936 |
Cash distributions declared per Trust common share (refer to Note J) |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 1.24 |  |  | $ | 0.75 |  |  | $ | 1.96 |

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)

|  | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income |  | $ | 2,585 |  |  | $ | 90,156 |  |  | $ | 63,282 |  |  | $ | 100,901 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | (2,144) |  |  | (1,339) |  |  | (3,620) |  |  | (734) |
Pension benefit liability, net |  | 216 |  |  | (16) |  |  | 2,055 |  |  | 885 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (1,928) |  |  | (1,355) |  |  | (1,565) |  |  | 151 |
Total comprehensive income, net of tax |  | $ | 657 |  |  | $ | 88,801 |  |  | 61,717 |  |  | 101,052 |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | 4,359 |  |  | 2,056 |  |  | 14,927 |  |  | 8,437 |
Less: Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | (30) |  |  | 7 |  |  | (32) |  |  | 30 |
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings, net of tax |  | $ | (3,672) |  |  | $ | 86,738 |  |  | $ | 46,822 |  |  | $ | 92,585 |

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
7

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)

(in thousands) | Trust Preferred Shares |  | Trust Common Shares |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Holdings |  | Non- Controlling Interest |  | Non- Controlling Interest Attributable to Disc. Ops. |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
| Series A |  | Series B |  | Series C |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance — July 1, 2021 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,008,564 |  |  | $ | (270,671) |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 1,041,861 |  |  | $ | 126,619 |  |  | $ | 4,517 |  |  | $ | 1,172,997 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 88,100 |  |  | — |  |  | 88,100 |  |  | 2,201 |  |  | (145) |  |  | 90,156 |
Total comprehensive loss, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,355) |  |  | (1,355) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,355) |
Issuance of Trust common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,522 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,522 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,522 |
Option activity attributable to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,892 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 2,895 |
Effect of subsidiary stock option exercise | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 837 |  |  | — |  |  | 837 |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,632) |  |  | — |  |  | (8,632) |  |  | (40,458) |  |  | — |  |  | (49,090) |
Acquisition of Lugano | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 68,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 68,000 |
Disposition of Liberty | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,375) |  |  | (4,375) |
Distributions paid to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,275) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,275) |
Distributions paid - Allocation interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,075) |  |  | — |  |  | (12,075) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,075) |
Distributions paid - Trust Common Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (80,476) |  |  | — |  |  | (80,476) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (80,476) |
Distributions paid - Trust Preferred Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |
Balance — September 30, 2021 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,027,086 |  |  | $ | (289,799) |  |  | $ | (1,305) |  |  | $ | 1,039,900 |  |  | $ | 158,816 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,198,716 |
Balance — July 1, 2022 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,185,348 |  |  | $ | (311,092) |  |  | $ | (665) |  |  | $ | 1,177,509 |  |  | $ | 177,337 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,354,846 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,774) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,774) |  |  | 4,359 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,585 |
Total comprehensive loss, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,928) |  |  | (1,928) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,928) |
Issuance of Trust common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,734 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,734 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,734 |
Option activity attributable to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,241 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,241 |
Effect of subsidiary stock option exercise | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 642 |  |  | — |  |  | 642 |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (424) |  |  | — |  |  | (424) |
Acquisition of PrimaLoft | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35,263 |  |  | — |  |  | 35,263 |
Distributions paid - Trust Common Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,931) |  |  | — |  |  | (17,931) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,931) |
Distributions paid - Trust Preferred Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |
Balance — September 30, 2022 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,207,082 |  |  | $ | (336,842) |  |  | $ | (2,593) |  |  | $ | 1,171,565 |  |  | $ | 220,418 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,391,983 |

8

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)

(in thousands) | Trust Preferred Shares |  | Trust Common Shares |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Holdings |  | Non- Controlling Interest |  | Non- Controlling Interest Attributable to Disc. Ops. |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
| Series A |  | Series B |  | Series C |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance — January 1, 2021 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,008,564 |  |  | $ | (211,002) |  |  | $ | (1,456) |  |  | $ | 1,100,024 |  |  | $ | 116,288 |  |  | $ | 3,836 |  |  | $ | 1,220,148 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 92,464 |  |  | — |  |  | 92,464 |  |  | 7,915 |  |  | 522 |  |  | 100,901 |
Total comprehensive income, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 151 |  |  | 151 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 151 |
Issuance of Trust common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,522 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,522 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,522 |
Option activity attributable to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,496 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 8,513 |
Effect of subsidiary stock option exercise | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,222 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,222 |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,632) |  |  | — |  |  | (8,632) |  |  | (41,830) |  |  | — |  |  | (50,462) |
Acquisition of Lugano | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 68,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 68,000 |
Disposition of Liberty | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (4,375) |  |  | (4,375) |
Distributions paid to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,275) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,275) |
Distributions paid - Allocation interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,289) |  |  | — |  |  | (17,289) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (17,289) |
Distributions paid - Trust Common Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (127,204) |  |  | — |  |  | (127,204) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (127,204) |
Distributions paid - Trust Preferred Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,136) |  |  | — |  |  | (18,136) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,136) |
Balance — September 30, 2021 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,027,086 |  |  | $ | (289,799) |  |  | $ | (1,305) |  |  | $ | 1,039,900 |  |  | $ | 158,816 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,198,716 |
Balance — January 1, 2022 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,123,193 |  |  | $ | (314,267) |  |  | $ | (1,028) |  |  | $ | 1,111,816 |  |  | $ | 172,714 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,284,530 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 48,355 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,355 |  |  | 14,927 |  |  | — |  |  | 63,282 |
Total comprehensive loss, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,565) |  |  | (1,565) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,565) |
Issuance of Trust common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 83,889 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 83,889 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 83,889 |
Option activity attributable to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,851 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,851 |
Effect of subsidiary stock option exercise | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,082 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,082 |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,127) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,127) |
Acquisition of PrimaLoft | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35,263 |  |  | — |  |  | 35,263 |
Distributions paid to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11,292) |  |  | — |  |  | (11,292) |
Distributions paid - Trust Common Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (52,794) |  |  | — |  |  | (52,794) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (52,794) |
Distributions paid - Trust Preferred Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,136) |  |  | — |  |  | (18,136) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,136) |
Balance — September 30, 2022 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,207,082 |  |  | $ | (336,842) |  |  | $ | (2,593) |  |  | $ | 1,171,565 |  |  | $ | 220,418 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,391,983 |

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
9

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
| Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 63,282 |  |  | $ | 100,901 |
Income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | 7,665 |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations | 6,893 |  |  | 72,745 |
Income from continuing operations | 56,389 |  |  | 20,491 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation expense | 32,589 |  |  | 28,896 |
Amortization expense - intangibles | 67,191 |  |  | 56,502 |
Amortization expense - inventory step-up | 4,899 |  |  | — |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 2,735 |  |  | 2,084 |
Noncontrolling stockholder stock based compensation | 8,851 |  |  | 8,496 |
Provision for receivable and inventory reserves | 1,143 |  |  | 4,366 |
Deferred taxes | 8,207 |  |  | 2,587 |
Loss on debt extinguishment | 534 |  |  | 33,305 |
Other | 703 |  |  | 541 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (45,200) |  |  | (20,555) |
Inventories | (160,717) |  |  | (48,532) |
Other current and non-current assets | (16,590) |  |  | (6,957) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (657) |  |  | 61,324 |
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities - continuing operations | (39,923) |  |  | 142,548 |
Cash provided by operating activities - discontinued operations | — |  |  | 4,600 |
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (39,923) |  |  | 147,148 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (564,885) |  |  | (302,110) |
Purchases of property and equipment | (39,683) |  |  | (28,001) |
Proceeds from sale of businesses | 6,893 |  |  | 101,014 |
Other investing activities | (1,276) |  |  | (791) |
Cash used in investing activities - continuing operations | (598,951) |  |  | (229,888) |
Cash provided by investing activities - discontinued operations | — |  |  | 27,459 |
Cash used in investing activities | (598,951) |  |  | (202,429) |

10

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
| Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of Trust common shares, net | 83,889 |  |  | 18,522 |
Borrowings under credit facility | 169,000 |  |  | 365,000 |
Repayments under credit facility | (56,000) |  |  | (538,000) |
Issuance of Term Loan | 400,000 |  |  | — |
Principal Payments - Term Loan | (2,500) |  |  | — |
Proceeds from issuance of Senior Notes | — |  |  | 1,000,000 |
Redemption of Senior Notes | — |  |  | (627,688) |
Distributions paid - common shares | (52,794) |  |  | (127,204) |
Distributions paid - preferred shares | (18,136) |  |  | (18,136) |
Distributions paid - allocation interests | — |  |  | (17,289) |
Distributions paid to noncontrolling shareholders | (11,292) |  |  | (1,275) |
Net proceeds provided by noncontrolling shareholders | 1,082 |  |  | 1,222 |
Net proceeds provided by noncontrolling shareholders - acquisitions | 35,263 |  |  | 68,000 |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | (1,127) |  |  | (50,462) |
Debt issuance costs | (5,276) |  |  | (17,389) |
Other | 19 |  |  | (429) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 542,128 |  |  | 54,872 |
Foreign currency impact on cash | (2,735) |  |  | (96) |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (99,481) |  |  | (505) |
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period (1) | 160,733 |  |  | 70,744 |
Cash and cash equivalents — end of period | $ | 61,252 |  |  | $ | 70,239 |

(1) Includes cash from discontinued operations of $4.3 million at January 1, 2021.
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
11

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
September 30, 2022
Note A - Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
Compass Diversified Holdings, a Delaware statutory trust (the "Trust") and Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "LLC"), were formed to acquire and manage a group of small and middle-market businesses headquartered in North America. Collectively, Compass Diversified Holdings and Compass Group Diversified Holdings, LLC are referred to as the "Company". In accordance with the Third Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of August 3, 2021 (as further amended, the "Trust Agreement"), the Trust is sole owner of 100% of the Trust Interests (as defined in the LLC’s Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, dated as of August 3, 2021 (as further amended, the "LLC Agreement")) of the LLC and, pursuant to the LLC Agreement, the LLC has, outstanding, the identical number of Trust Interests as the number of outstanding common shares of the Trust. The LLC is the operating entity with a board of directors and other corporate governance responsibilities, similar to that of a Delaware corporation.
The LLC is a controlling owner of eleven businesses, or reportable operating segments, at September 30, 2022. The segments are as follows: 5.11 Acquisition Corp. ("5.11"), Boa Holdings Inc. ("BOA"), The Ergo Baby Carrier, Inc. ("Ergobaby"), Lugano Diamonds & Jewelry, Inc. ("Lugano Diamonds" or "Lugano"), Marucci Sports, LLC ("Marucci Sports" or "Marucci"), PrimaLoft Technologies Holdings, Inc. ("PrimaLoft"), Velocity Outdoor, Inc. ("Velocity Outdoor" or "Velocity"), Compass AC Holdings, Inc. ("ACI" or "Advanced Circuits"), AMT Acquisition Corporation ("Arnold"), FFI Compass, Inc. ("Altor Solutions" or "Altor") (formerly "Foam Fabricators"), and The Sterno Group, LLC ("Sterno"). Refer to Note E - "Operating Segment Data" for further discussion of the operating segments. Compass Group Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("CGM" or the "Manager"), manages the day to day operations of the LLC and oversees the management and operations of our businesses pursuant to a Management Services Agreement ("MSA").
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management, contain all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements. Such adjustments consist solely of normal recurring items. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any subsequent interim period. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP" or "GAAP") and presented as permitted by Form 10-Q and do not contain certain information included in the annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes of the Company. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, as well as the businesses acquired as of their respective acquisition date. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Discontinued operating entities are reflected as discontinued operations in the Company's results of operations and statements of financial position.
Discontinued Operations
On October 13, 2021, the LLC, as the Sellers Representative of the holders of stock and options of Advanced Circuits, a majority owned subsidiary of the LLC, entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "AC Agreement") with Tempo Automation, Inc. (“AC Buyer”), Aspen Acquisition Sub, Inc. (“AC Merger Sub”) and Advanced Circuits, pursuant to which AC Buyer would acquire all of the issued and outstanding securities of Advanced Circuits, the parent company of the operating entity, Advanced Circuits, Inc., through a merger of AC Merger Sub with and into Advanced Circuits, with Advanced Circuits surviving the merger and becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of AC Buyer (the “AC Merger”). The AC Merger was conditioned on, among other things, the closing of a business combination between AC Buyer and a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company (a “SPAC”). In connection with the AC Merger, AC Buyer announced its entry into a definitive merger agreement for a business combination (the “SPAC Transaction”) with a SPAC, ACE Convergence Acquisition Corp. (“ACE”). The AC Agreement also provided that the AC Agreement could be terminated in the event closing of the AC Merger did not
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occur prior to January 27, 2022 (the "End Date").A description of the AC Merger Agreement was included in the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on October 14, 2021. Advanced Circuits was initially classified as held for sale in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2021.
Due to a delay in closing the SPAC Transaction, the AC Merger did not close on or before the End Date. Because of the delay in closing the SPAC Transaction, on July 29, 2022, the LLC and Advanced Circuits provided the notice of termination of the AC Agreement to AC Buyer. No termination penalties were incurred by either party in connection with the termination of the AC Agreement. The termination of the AC Agreement occurred in the third quarter of 2022 and, in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, Advanced Circuits was reclassified to continuing operations beginning in the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
The Company completed the sale of Liberty Safe Holding Corporation ("Liberty") during the third quarter of 2021. The results of operations of Liberty are reported as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021. Refer to Note C - "Discontinued Operations" for additional information. Unless otherwise indicated, the disclosures accompanying the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the Company's continuing operations.
Seasonality
Earnings of certain of our operating segments are seasonal in nature due to various recurring events, holidays and seasonal weather patterns, as well as the timing of our acquisitions during a given year. Historically, the third and fourth quarters produce the highest net sales during our fiscal year.
Change in Tax Status Election
Effective September 1, 2021 (the "Effective Date"), the Trust elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Prior to the Effective Date, the Trust was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and the Trust’s items of income, gain, loss and deduction flowed through from the Trust to the shareholders, and the Trust shareholders were subject to income taxes on their allocable share of the Trust’s income and gain. After the Effective Date, the Trust is taxed as a corporation and is subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax at the Trust level, but items of income, gain, loss and deduction will not flow through to Trust shareholders. Trust shareholders will no longer receive an IRS Schedule K-1. After the Effective Date, distributions from the Trust will be treated as dividends to the extent the Trust has accumulated or current earnings and profits. If the Trust does not have current or accumulated earnings and profits available for distribution, then the distribution will be treated as a return of capital and reduce Trust shareholders’ basis in their shares.
Prior to the Effective Date, each of the LLC’s majority owned subsidiaries were treated as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The election did not change the tax status of any LLC subsidiary, and each majority owned LLC subsidiary is still treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
After the Effective Date, the Trust will no longer be taxed as a pass through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, the Trust will no longer issue Schedule K-1’s, nor will Trust shareholders be allocated any pass through income, loss, expense, deduction or credit (including “UBIT”) from the Trust.
Note B — Acquisitions
The acquisitions of our businesses are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. For each platform acquisition, the Company typically structures the transaction so that a newly created holding company acquires 100% of the equity interests in the acquired business. The entirety of the purchase consideration is paid by the newly created holding company to the selling shareholders. The total purchase consideration is the amount paid to the selling shareholders and we will, from time to time, allow the selling shareholder to reinvest a portion of their proceeds alongside the Company at the same price per share, into the holding company that acquires the target business. Once the acquisition is complete, the selling shareholders no longer hold equity interests in the acquired company, but rather hold noncontrolling interest in the holding company that acquired the target business. Because the selling shareholders are investing in the transaction alongside the Company at the same price per share as the Company and are not retaining their existing equity in the acquired business, the Company includes the amount provided by noncontrolling shareholders in the total purchase consideration.
A component of our acquisition financing strategy that we utilize in acquiring the businesses we own and manage is to provide both equity capital and debt capital, raised at the parent level, typically through our existing credit facility. The debt capital is in the form of “intercompany loans” made by the LLC to the newly created holding company and the acquired business and are due from the newly created holding company and the acquired business, and payable to the LLC by the newly created holding company and the acquired business. The selling shareholders of
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the acquired businesses are not a party to the intercompany loan agreements nor do they have any obligation to repay the intercompany loans. These intercompany loans eliminate in consolidation and are not reflected on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
Acquisition of PrimaLoft Technologies, Inc.
On July 12, 2022, the LLC, through its newly formed acquisition subsidiary, Relentless Intermediate, Inc. ("PrimaLoft Buyer"), acquired PrimaLoft Technologies Holdings, Inc. (“PrimaLoft”) pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “PrimaLoft Purchase Agreement”), dated June 4, 2022, by and between PrimaLoft Buyer and VP PrimaLoft Holdings, LLC ("PrimaLoft Seller"). The Company acquired PrimaLoft for a total purchase price, including proceeds from noncontrolling shareholders and net of transaction costs, of approximately $539.6 million, before working capital and other customary adjustments. The Company funded the acquisition through a draw on its 2022 Revolving Credit Facility and the proceeds from its new $400 million 2022 Term Loan Facility. PrimaLoft management invested in the transaction along with the Company, representing 9.2% of the initial equity interest in PrimaLoft. Concurrent with the closing, the Company provided a credit facility to PrimaLoft pursuant to which a secured revolving loan commitment and secured term loan were made available to PrimaLoft (the "PrimaLoft Credit Agreement"). The initial revolving loan and term loan commitments under these facilities on the closing date were $178 million. CGM will receive integration service fees of $4.8 million payable quarterly over a twelve month period as services are rendered which payments began in the quarter ended September 30, 2022. The Company incurred $5.7 million of transaction costs in conjunction with the PrimaLoft acquisition, which was included in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations during the third quarter of 2022.
PrimaLoft, Inc. is a branded, advanced material technology company based in Latham, New York and is focused on the research and innovative development of high-performance material solutions, specializing in insulations and fabrics.
The results of operations of PrimaLoft have been included in the consolidated results of operations since the date of acquisition. PrimaLoft's results of operations are reported as a separate operating segment as a branded consumer business. The table below provides the preliminary recording of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition.

(in thousands) |  | Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation |  | Measurement Period Adjustments |  | Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
Purchase Consideration |  | $ | 539,576 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 539,576 |
Fair value of identifiable assets acquired: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  | $ | 6,951 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,951 |
Accounts receivable (1) |  | 2,992 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,992 |
Inventory |  | 1,991 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,991 |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 1,058 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,058 |
Intangible assets |  | 248,200 |  |  | — |  |  | 248,200 |
Other current and noncurrent assets |  | 3,581 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,581 |
Total identifiable assets |  | 264,773 |  |  | — |  |  | 264,773 |
Fair value of liabilities assumed: |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  | 8,865 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,865 |
Other liabilities |  | 360 |  |  | — |  |  | 360 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  | 51,268 |  |  | — |  |  | 51,268 |
Total liabilities |  | 60,493 |  |  | — |  |  | 60,493 |
Net identifiable assets acquired |  | 204,280 |  |  | — |  |  | 204,280 |
Goodwill |  | $ | 335,296 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 335,296 |

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Acquisition consideration |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase price |  | $ | 530,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 530,000 |
Cash acquired |  | 7,319 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,319 |
Net working capital adjustment |  | 2,257 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,257 |
Total purchase consideration |  | $ | 539,576 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 539,576 |

(1) The fair value of accounts receivable approximates book value acquired.
The allocation of the purchase price presented above is based on management's estimate of the fair values using valuation techniques including the income, cost and market approach. In estimating the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, the fair value estimates are based on, but not limited to, expected future revenue and cash flows, expected future growth rates and estimated discount rates. Current and noncurrent assets and current and other liabilities are valued at historical carrying values. Inventory is recognized at fair value, with finished goods stated at selling price less an estimated cost to sell. Property, plant and equipment is valued at fair value which approximates book value and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over the remaining useful lives of the assets. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits expected to arise from other intangible assets acquired that do not qualify for separate recognition, including assembled workforce and non-contractual relationships, as well as expected future synergies. The goodwill of $335.3 million reflects the strategic fit of PrimaLoft in the Company's branded consumer business and is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The purchase accounting for PrimaLoft is expected to be finalized in the fourth quarter of 2022.
The intangible assets recorded related to the PrimaLoft acquisition are as follows (in thousands):

Intangible Assets |  | Fair Value |  | Estimated Useful Lives
Customer relationships |  | $ | 170,000 |  |  | 15 years
Tradename |  | 48,200 |  |  | 20 years
Technology |  | 29,500 |  |  | 11 years
In-process research and development (1) |  | 500 |  |  | N/a
|  | $ | 248,200 |  |  |

(1) In-process research and development is considered indefinite lived until the underlying technology becomes viable, at which point the intangible asset will be amortized over the expected useful life.
The customer relationships were considered the primary intangible asset and was valued at $170.0 million using a multi-period excess earnings method. The technology was valued at $29.5 million using a mul ti-period excess earnings methodology with an assumed obsolescence factor. The tradename was valued at $48.2 million using a multi period excess earnings method. The multi period excess earnings method assumes an asset has value to the extent that it enables its owners to earn a return in excess of the other assets utilized in the business.
Acquisition of Lugano Diamonds & Jewelry, Inc.
On September 3, 2021, the LLC, through its newly formed acquisition subsidiaries, Lugano Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lugano Holdings”), and Lugano Buyer, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lugano Buyer”) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lugano Holdings, acquired the issued and outstanding shares of stock of Lugano Diamonds & Jewelry Inc. ("Lugano") other than the certain rollover shares (the “Lugano Transaction”). The Lugano Transaction was effectuated pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Lugano Purchase Agreement”), also dated September 3, 2021, by and among Lugano Buyer, the Sellers named therein (“Lugano Sellers”) and Mordechai Haim Ferder in his individual capacity and as initial representative of the Lugano Sellers. Lugano is a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of high-end, one-of-a-kind jewelry sought after by some of the world’s most discerning clientele. Lugano conducts sales via its own retail salons as well as pop-up showrooms at Lugano-hosted or sponsored events in partnership with influential organizations in the equestrian, art and philanthropic community. Lugano is headquartered in Newport Beach, California.
The LLC made loans to, and purchased a 60% equity interest in, Lugano. The purchase price, including proceeds from noncontrolling shareholders and net of transaction costs, was $263.3 million. The selling shareholders invested in the transaction along with the LLC, representing 40% initial noncontrolling interest on both a primary and fully
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diluted basis. The fair value of the noncontrolling interest was determined based on the enterprise value of the acquired entity multiplied by the ratio of the number of shares acquired by the minority holders to total shares. The transaction was accounted for as a business combination. CGM acted as an advisor to the LLC in the acquisition and will continue to provide integration services during the first year of the LLC's ownership of Lugano. CGM will receive integration service fees of $2.3 million payable quarterly over a twelve month period as services are rendered which payments began in the quarter ended December 31, 2021. The LLC incurred $1.8 million of transaction costs in conjunction with the Lugano acquisition, which was included in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations during the third quarter of 2021. The LLC funded the acquisition with cash on hand and a $120 million draw on its 2021 Revolving Credit Facility.
The results of operations of Lugano have been included in the consolidated results of operations since the date of acquisition. Lugano's results of operations are reported as a separate operating segment as a branded consumer business. The table below provides the recording of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition.

(in thousands) |  | Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation |  | Measurement Period Adjustments |  | Final Purchase Price Allocation
Purchase Consideration |  | $ | 267,554 |  |  | $ | (2,420) |  |  | $ | 265,134 |
Fair value of identifiable assets acquired: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  | $ | 1,433 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,433 |
Accounts receivable (1) |  | 20,954 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,954 |
Inventory |  | 85,794 |  |  | 9,419 |  |  | 95,213 |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 2,743 |  |  | 392 |  |  | 3,135 |
Intangible assets |  | — |  |  | 82,454 |  |  | 82,454 |
Other current and noncurrent assets |  | 4,979 |  |  | 4,114 |  |  | 9,093 |
Total identifiable assets |  | 115,903 |  |  | 96,379 |  |  | 212,282 |
Fair value of liabilities assumed: |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  | 7,129 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 7,187 |
Other liabilities |  | — |  |  | 3,175 |  |  | 3,175 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  | — |  |  | 23,123 |  |  | 23,123 |
Total liabilities |  | 7,129 |  |  | 26,356 |  |  | 33,485 |
Net identifiable assets acquired |  | 108,774 |  |  | 70,023 |  |  | 178,797 |
Goodwill |  | $ | 158,780 |  |  | $ | (72,443) |  |  | $ | 86,337 |

Acquisition consideration |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase price |  | $ | 256,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 256,000 |
Cash acquired (estimate) |  | 1,554 |  |  | (120) |  |  | 1,434 |
Net working capital adjustment (estimated at close) |  | 10,000 |  |  | (2,300) |  |  | 7,700 |
Total purchase consideration |  | $ | 267,554 |  |  | $ | (2,420) |  |  | $ | 265,134 |

(1) The fair value of accounts receivable approximates book value acquired.
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The allocation of the purchase price presented above is based on management's estimate of the fair values using valuation techniques including the income, cost and market approach. In estimating the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, the fair value estimates are based on, but not limited to, expected future revenue and cash flows, expected future growth rates and estimated discount rates. Current and noncurrent assets and current and other liabilities are valued at historical carrying values. Inventory is recognized at fair value, with finished goods stated at selling price less an estimated cost to sell. Property, plant and equipment is valued through a purchase price appraisal and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over the respective remaining useful lives of the assets. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits expected to arise from other intangible assets acquired that do not qualify for separate recognition, including assembled workforce and non-contractual relationships, as well as expected future synergies. The goodwill of $86.3 million reflects the strategic fit of Lugano in the Company's branded consumer business and is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
The intangible assets recorded related to the Lugano acquisition are as follows (in thousands):

Intangible Assets |  | Fair Value |  | Estimated Useful Lives
Tradename |  | $ | 48,433 |  |  | 18 years
Customer relationships |  | 34,021 |  |  | 15 years
|  | $ | 82,454 |  |  |

The tradename was considered the primary intangible asset and was valued at $48.4 million using a multi-period excess earnings method. The customer relationships were valued at $34.0 million using a multi period excess earnings method. The multi period excess earnings method assumes an asset has value to the extent that it enables its owners to earn a return in excess of the other assets utilized in the business.
Unaudited pro forma information
The following unaudited pro forma data for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 gives effect to the acquisitions of PrimaLoft and Lugano, as described above, and the disposition of Liberty Safe, as if these transactions had been completed as of January 1, 2021. The pro forma data gives effect to historical operating results with adjustments to interest expense, amortization and depreciation expense, management fees and related tax effects. The information is provided for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have occurred if the transaction had been consummated on the date indicated, nor is it necessarily indicative of future operating results of the consolidated companies, and should not be construed as representing results for any future period.

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
(in thousands, except per share data) |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 599,926 |  |  | $ | 519,740 |  |  | $ | 1,724,308 |  |  | $ | 1,495,712 |
Gross profit |  | $ | 241,069 |  |  | $ | 209,193 |  |  | $ | 706,701 |  |  | $ | 620,410 |
Operating income |  | $ | 48,197 |  |  | $ | 44,768 |  |  | $ | 168,647 |  |  | $ | 148,842 |
Net income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | (1,779) |  |  | $ | 17,431 |  |  | $ | 58,429 |  |  | $ | 30,596 |
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (6,071) |  |  | $ | 14,092 |  |  | $ | 42,760 |  |  | $ | 15,785 |
Basic and fully diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (0.27) |  |  | $ | (0.16) |  |  | $ | 0.12 |  |  | $ | (0.41) |

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Other acquisitions
Velocity
Kings - On July 8, 2022, Velocity acquired King's Camo LLC, a manufacturer of outdoor performance apparel and gear, for a purchase price of approximately $25.2 million and included a potential earnout of $3.0 million. The acquisition and related transaction costs were funded through an additional term loan of $25.7 million under the Velocity intercompany credit agreement. Velocity paid approximately $0.2 million in transaction fees. Velocity recorded a preliminary purchase price allocation, including goodwill of approximately $6.9 million, which is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes, and intangible assets of $7.1 million. The remainder of the purchase consideration was allocated to net assets acquired. The purchase price allocation is expected to be finalized in the fourth quarter of 2022.
Marucci
Lizard Skins - On October 22, 2021, Marucci Sports acquired Lizard Skins, LLC ("Lizard Skins"), an industry leading provider of sporting goods accessories that revolve around the hand-to-grip interface, for an enterprise value of approximately $47.0 million, excluding customary closing adjustments. The acquisition and related transaction costs were funded through an additional term loan of $44.1 million under the Marucci inter-company credit agreement with the LLC, a draw on the existing Marucci revolving credit facility with the Company, and rollover equity from the selling shareholders of Lizard Skins. Marucci issued 11,915 shares to the selling shareholders in exchange for the rollover equity, which represents an ownership interest of approximately 1% in Marucci. Marucci paid approximately $1.4 million in transaction expenses in connection with the acquisition of Lizard Skins. Lizard Skins is a designer and seller of branded grip products, protective equipment, bags and apparel for use in baseball, cycling, hockey, Esports and lacrosse. The acquisition of Lizard Skins will allow Marucci to build on its leading position in diamond sports while simultaneously developing Marucci's presence in new sports markets such as hockey and cycling. Marucci recorded a purchase price allocation, including goodwill of approximately $10.1 million, which is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes, and intangible assets of $27.9 million. The purchase price allocation was finalized in the third quarter of 2022.
Altor Solutions
Plymouth Foam - On October 5, 2021, Altor acquired Plymouth Foam, LLC (“Plymouth”), a manufacturer of protective packaging and componentry, for an enterprise value of approximately $56.0 million, excluding customary closing adjustments. The acquisition and related transaction costs were funded through an additional term loan of $52.0 million under the Altor intercompany credit agreement and a draw on the existing Altor intercompany revolving credit facility with the LLC. Altor paid approximately $0.4 million in transaction fees in connection with the acquisition of Plymouth. Plymouth was founded in 1978 and is based in Plymouth, Wisconsin. Plymouth supplies a wide array of high value products, including custom protective packaging, cold chain packaging and internal components made from expanded polystyrene and expanded polypropylene. Plymouth’s complementary product portfolio will allow Altor to be able to further expand its business and capabilities. Altor recorded a purchase price allocation, including goodwill of approximately $15.5 million, which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes, and intangible assets of $20.1 million. The purchase price allocation was finalized in the first quarter of 2022.
Polyfoam - On July 1, 2020, Altor acquired substantially all of the assets of Polyfoam Corp. ("Polyfoam"), a Massachusetts-based manufacturer of protective and temperature-sensitive packaging solutions for the medical, pharmaceutical, grocery and food industries, among others. Founded in 1974, Polyfoam operates two manufacturing facilities producing highly engineered foam and injection-molded plastic solutions across a variety of end-markets. The acquisition complements Altor's current operating footprint and provides access to a new customer base and product offerings, including Polyfoam's significant end-market exposure to cold chain (including seafood boxes, insulated shipping containers and grocery delivery totes). The purchase price was approximately $12.8 million and included a potential earnout of $1.4 million if Polyfoam achieved certain financial metrics. The full amount of the earnout was paid during the first quarter of 2022.
Arnold
Ramco - On March 1, 2021, Arnold acquired Ramco Electric Motors, Inc. ("Ramco"), a manufacturer of stators, rotors and full electric motors, for a purchase price of approximately $34.3 million. The acquisition and related transaction costs were funded through an additional equity investment in Arnold by the LLC of $35.5 million. Ramco was founded in 1987 and is based in Greenville, Ohio. Ramco supplies their custom electric motor solutions for general industrial, aerospace and defense, and oil and gas end-markets. Ramco’s complementary product portfolio will allow Arnold to be able to offer more comprehensive, turnkey solutions to their customers. In connection with the
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acquisition, Arnold recorded a purchase price allocation of $12.4 million of goodwill, which is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes and $12.7 million in intangible assets. The remainder of the purchase consideration was allocated to net assets acquired. The purchase price allocation was finalized in the fourth quarter of 2021.
Note C — Discontinued Operations
Sale of Liberty
On July 16, 2021, the LLC, as majority stockholder of Liberty Safe Holding Corporation and as sellers representative, entered into a definitive Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Liberty Purchase Agreement”) with Independence Buyer, Inc. (“Liberty Buyer”), Liberty and the other holders of stock and options of Liberty to sell to Liberty Buyer all of the issued and outstanding securities of Liberty, the parent company of the operating entity, Liberty Safe and Security Products, Inc.
On August 3, 2021, Liberty Buyer and the LLC, as sellers representative, entered into the Amendment to Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Amendment”) which amended the Liberty Purchase Agreement to, among other things, provide that, immediately prior to the closing, certain investors in Liberty will, instead of selling all of the shares of Liberty owned by them to Liberty Buyer, contribute a portion of such shares (the “Rollover Shares”) to an indirect parent company of Liberty Buyer in exchange for equity securities of such entity.
On August 3, 2021, Liberty Buyer completed the acquisition of all the issued and outstanding securities of Liberty (other than the Rollover Shares) pursuant to the Liberty Purchase Agreement and Amendment (the “Liberty Transaction”). The sale price of Liberty was based on an aggregate total enterprise value of $147.5 million, subject to customary adjustments. After the allocation of the sale proceeds to Liberty's non-controlling shareholders, the repayment of intercompany loans to the LLC (including accrued interest) of $26.5 million, and the payment of transaction expenses of approximately $4.5 million, the LLC received approximately $128.0 million of total proceeds from the sale at closing. The LLC recognized a gain on the sale of Liberty of $72.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2021. In the second quarter of 2022, the LLC received an income tax refund of approximately $0.9 million related to Liberty.
Summarized results of operations of Liberty for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 through the date of disposition are as follows (in thousands):

|  | For the period July 1, 2021 through disposition |  | For the period January 1, 2021 through disposition
Net sales |  | $ | 10,828 |  |  | $ | 75,753 |
Gross profit |  | $ | 2,353 |  |  | $ | 20,129 |
Operating income (loss) |  | $ | (2,358) |  |  | $ | 9,175 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes (1) |  | $ | (2,406) |  |  | $ | 9,174 |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |  | $ | (1,097) |  |  | $ | 1,509 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (1) |  | $ | (1,309) |  |  | $ | 7,665 |

(1) The results of operations for the periods July 1, 2021 through disposition and January 1, 2021 through disposition excludes $0.3 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of intercompany interest expense.
Sale of Clean Earth
On May 8, 2019, the LLC, as majority stockholder of CEHI Acquisition Corporation ("Clean Earth" or CEHI") and as sellers’ representative, entered into a definitive Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Clean Earth Purchase Agreement”) with Calrissian Holdings, LLC (“Clean Earth Buyer”), CEHI, the other holders of stock and options of CEHI and, as Clean Earth Buyer’s guarantor, Harsco Corporation, pursuant to which Clean Earth Buyer would acquire all of the issued and outstanding securities of CEHI, the parent company of the operating entity, Clean Earth, Inc. On June 28, 2019, Clean Earth Buyer completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding securities of CEHI pursuant to the Clean Earth Purchase Agreement. The Company recognized a gain on the sale of Clean Earth of $209.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2019. In the first quarter of 2022, the LLC received an income tax refund of approximately $6.0 million related to Clean Earth which was recognized as gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes, in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.
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Note D — Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these goods or services, and excludes any sales incentives or taxes collected from customers which are subsequently remitted to government authorities.
Disaggregated Revenue - The Company disaggregates revenue by strategic business unit and by geography for each strategic business unit which are categories that depict how the nature, amount and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. This disaggregation also represents how the Company evaluates its financial performance, as well as how the Company communicates its financial performance to the investors and other users of its financial statements. Each strategic business unit represents the Company’s reportable segments and offers different products and services.
The following tables provide disaggregation of revenue by reportable segment geography for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

Three months ended September 30, 2022
| United States |  | Canada |  | Europe |  | Asia Pacific |  | Other International |  | Total
5.11 | $ | 101,112 |  |  | $ | 2,877 |  |  | $ | 8,147 |  |  | $ | 4,528 |  |  | $ | 9,873 |  |  | $ | 126,537 |
BOA | 12,964 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 15,899 |  |  | 21,104 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 50,019 |
Ergobaby | 6,903 |  |  | 918 |  |  | 6,713 |  |  | 6,526 |  |  | 480 |  |  | 21,540 |
Lugano | 50,183 |  |  | — |  |  | 668 |  |  | 294 |  |  | — |  |  | 51,145 |
Marucci | 41,170 |  |  | 436 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 1,136 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 42,753 |
PrimaLoft | 344 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 691 |  |  | 9,383 |  |  | 254 |  |  | 10,712 |
Velocity Outdoor | 69,713 |  |  | 2,361 |  |  | 1,997 |  |  | 205 |  |  | 1,206 |  |  | 75,482 |
Advanced Circuits | 21,788 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,788 |
Altor | 62,368 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,250 |  |  | 69,618 |
Arnold | 26,334 |  |  | 164 |  |  | 10,765 |  |  | 1,683 |  |  | 431 |  |  | 39,377 |
Sterno | 86,652 |  |  | 2,275 |  |  | (367) |  |  | (16) |  |  | 92 |  |  | 88,636 |
| $ | 479,531 |  |  | $ | 9,073 |  |  | $ | 44,518 |  |  | $ | 44,843 |  |  | $ | 19,642 |  |  | $ | 597,607 |

Three months ended September 30, 2021
| United States |  | Canada |  | Europe |  | Asia Pacific |  | Other International |  | Total
5.11 | $ | 89,866 |  |  | $ | 2,522 |  |  | $ | 6,644 |  |  | $ | 3,826 |  |  | $ | 8,241 |  |  | $ | 111,099 |
BOA | 10,941 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 14,408 |  |  | 13,915 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 39,496 |
Ergobaby | 8,152 |  |  | 927 |  |  | 8,010 |  |  | 2,617 |  |  | 110 |  |  | 19,816 |
Lugano | 10,438 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 385 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,823 |
Marucci | 24,623 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 25,040 |
Velocity Outdoor | 69,879 |  |  | 3,215 |  |  | 1,944 |  |  | 314 |  |  | 1,549 |  |  | 76,901 |
Advanced Circuits | 23,182 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23,182 |
Altor | 37,519 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,603 |  |  | 44,122 |
Arnold | 26,511 |  |  | 129 |  |  | 8,230 |  |  | 1,484 |  |  | 498 |  |  | 36,852 |
Sterno | 97,547 |  |  | 2,735 |  |  | 347 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 100,827 |
| $ | 398,658 |  |  | $ | 9,791 |  |  | $ | 39,610 |  |  | $ | 22,963 |  |  | $ | 17,136 |  |  | $ | 488,158 |

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Nine months ended September 30, 2022
| United States |  | Canada |  | Europe |  | Asia Pacific |  | Other International |  | Total
5.11 | $ | 278,458 |  |  | $ | 7,958 |  |  | $ | 24,466 |  |  | $ | 12,578 |  |  | $ | 27,148 |  |  | $ | 350,608 |
BOA | 49,142 |  |  | 639 |  |  | 53,829 |  |  | 62,448 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 166,215 |
Ergobaby | 24,917 |  |  | 3,041 |  |  | 22,388 |  |  | 17,140 |  |  | 770 |  |  | 68,256 |
Lugano | 136,267 |  |  | — |  |  | 668 |  |  | 294 |  |  | — |  |  | 137,229 |
Marucci | 118,893 |  |  | 1,380 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 2,130 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 122,481 |
PrimaLoft | 344 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 691 |  |  | 9,383 |  |  | 254 |  |  | 10,712 |
Velocity Outdoor | 159,863 |  |  | 8,853 |  |  | 7,010 |  |  | 1,047 |  |  | 4,001 |  |  | 180,774 |
Advanced Circuits | 67,194 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 67,194 |
Altor | 179,885 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,705 |  |  | 199,590 |
Arnold | 79,940 |  |  | 601 |  |  | 29,202 |  |  | 5,032 |  |  | 1,544 |  |  | 116,319 |
Sterno | 243,034 |  |  | 6,142 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 86 |  |  | 111 |  |  | 249,745 |
| $ | 1,337,937 |  |  | $ | 28,654 |  |  | $ | 138,660 |  |  | $ | 110,138 |  |  | $ | 53,734 |  |  | $ | 1,669,123 |

Nine months ended September 30, 2021
| United States |  | Canada |  | Europe |  | Asia Pacific |  | Other International |  | Total
5.11 | $ | 262,113 |  |  | $ | 7,840 |  |  | $ | 20,285 |  |  | $ | 11,707 |  |  | $ | 19,064 |  |  | $ | 321,009 |
BOA | 39,758 |  |  | 705 |  |  | 44,746 |  |  | 34,619 |  |  | 205 |  |  | 120,033 |
Ergobaby | 26,043 |  |  | 2,789 |  |  | 23,838 |  |  | 16,037 |  |  | 393 |  |  | 69,100 |
Lugano | 10,438 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 385 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,823 |
Marucci | 85,084 |  |  | 604 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 541 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 86,328 |
Velocity Outdoor | 184,452 |  |  | 9,339 |  |  | 7,024 |  |  | 1,095 |  |  | 3,981 |  |  | 205,891 |
Advanced Circuits | 67,209 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 67,209 |
Altor | 105,046 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17,536 |  |  | 122,582 |
Arnold | 69,967 |  |  | 545 |  |  | 24,899 |  |  | 4,728 |  |  | 1,754 |  |  | 101,893 |
Sterno | 257,000 |  |  | 8,994 |  |  | 1,044 |  |  | 274 |  |  | 86 |  |  | 267,398 |
| $ | 1,107,110 |  |  | $ | 30,816 |  |  | $ | 121,921 |  |  | $ | 69,386 |  |  | $ | 43,033 |  |  | $ | 1,372,266 |

Note E — Operating Segment Data
At September 30, 2022, the Company had eleven reportable operating segments. Each operating segment represents a platform acquisition. The Company’s operating segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services. While each is actively managed by the Company, they are managed separately because each business requires different technology and marketing strategies. A description of each of the reportable segments and the types of products and services from which each segment derives its revenues is as follows:
•5.11 is a leading provider of purpose-built technical apparel and gear for law enforcement, firefighters, EMS, and military special operations as well as outdoor and adventure enthusiasts. 5.11 is a brand known for innovation and authenticity, and works directly with end users to create purpose-built apparel and gear designed to enhance the safety, accuracy, speed and performance of tactical professionals and enthusiasts worldwide. Headquartered in Irvine, California, 5.11 operates sales offices and distribution centers globally, and 5.11 products are widely distributed in uniform stores, military exchanges, outdoor retail stores, its own retail stores and on 511tactical.com.
•BOA, creator of the revolutionary, award-winning, patented BOA Fit System, partners with market-leading brands to make the best gear even better. Delivering fit solutions purpose-built for performance, the BOA Fit System is featured in footwear across snow sports, cycling, outdoor, athletic, workwear as well as performance headwear and medical bracing. The system consists of three integral parts: a micro-adjustable dial, high-tensile lightweight laces, and low friction lace guides combined with unique configuration applications, which
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together create a superior alternative to laces, buckles, hook and loop (Velcro), and other traditional closure and fit systems. Each configuration is designed and engineered to deliver superior fit and performance, and is backed by The BOA Lifetime Guarantee. BOA is headquartered in Denver, Colorado and has offices in Austria, Greater China, South Korea, and Japan.
•Ergobaby, headquartered in Torrance, California, is a designer, marketer and distributor of wearable baby carriers and accessories, blankets and swaddlers, nursing pillows, strollers and related products. Ergobaby primarily sells its Ergobaby and Baby Tula branded products through brick-and-mortar retailers, national chain stores, online retailers, its own websites and distributors and derives more than 50% of its sales from outside of the United States.
•Lugano Diamonds is a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of high-end, one-of-a-kind jewelry sought after by some of the world’s most discerning clientele. Lugano conducts sales via its own retail salons as well as pop-up showrooms at Lugano-hosted or sponsored events in partnership with influential organizations in the equestrian, art and philanthropic community. Lugano is headquartered in Newport Beach, California.
•Marucci Sports is a leading designer, manufacturer, and marketer of premium wood and metal baseball bats, fielding gloves, batting gloves, bags, protective gear, sunglasses, on and off-field apparel, and other baseball and softball equipment used by professional and amateur athletes. Marucci also develops retail and sports training facilities, both as a corporate owned entity as well as licensing these facilities as franchises. Marucci is headquartered in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
•PrimaLoft is a leading provider of branded, high-performance synthetic insulation and materials used primarily in consumer outerwear, and accessories. The portfolio of PrimaLoft synthetic insulations offers products that can both mimic natural down aesthetics and provide the freedom to design garments ranging from stylish puffers to lightweight performance apparel. PrimaLoft insulations also offer superior economics to the brand partner and enable better sustainability characteristics through the use of recycled, low-carbon inputs. PrimaLoft is headquartered in Latham, New York.
•Velocity Outdoor is a leading designer, manufacturer, and marketer of airguns, archery products, laser aiming devices, hunting apparel and related accessories. Velocity Outdoor offers its products under the highly recognizable Crosman, Benjamin, Ravin, LaserMax and CenterPoint and King's brands that are available through national retail chains, mass merchants, dealer and distributor networks. Velocity Outdoor is headquartered in Bloomfield, New York.
•Advanced Circuits is an electronic components manufacturing company that provides small-run, quick-turn and volume production rigid printed circuit boards. ACI manufactures and delivers custom printed circuit boards to customers primarily in North America. ACI is headquartered in Aurora, Colorado.
•Altor Solutions is a designer and manufacturer of custom molded protective foam solutions and original equipment manufacturer components made from expanded polystyrene and expanded polypropylene. Altor provides products to a variety of end markets, including appliances and electronics, pharmaceuticals, health and wellness, automotive, building and other products. Altor is headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and operates 17 molding and fabricating facilities across North America subsequent to the acquisition of Polyfoam.
•Arnold is a global solutions provider and manufacturer of engineered electric motor and magnetic solutions for a wide range of specialty applications and end-markets, including aerospace and defense, general industrial, motorsport/transportation, oil and gas, medical, energy, reprographics and advertising specialties. Arnold engineers solutions for and produces high performance permanent magnets (PMAG), stators, rotors and full electric motors ("Ramco"), precision foil products (Precision Thin Metals or "PTM"), and flexible magnets (Flexmag™) that are mission critical in motors, generators, sensors and other systems and components. Based on its long-term relationships, Arnold has built a diverse and blue-chip customer base totaling more than 2,000 customers and leading systems-integrators worldwide with a focus on North America, Europe, and Asia. Arnold has built a preferred rare earth supply chain and has leading rare earth and other permanent magnet production capabilities. Arnold is headquartered in Rochester, New York.
•Sterno is a manufacturer and marketer of portable food warming fuel and creative table lighting solutions for the foodservice industry and flameless candles, outdoor lighting products, scented wax cubes and warmer products for its consumers. Sterno's products include wick and gel chafing fuels, butane stoves and accessories, liquid and traditional wax candles, scented wax cubes and warmer products used for home decor
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and fragrance systems, catering equipment and outdoor lighting products. Sterno is headquartered in Corona, California.
The tabular information that follows shows data for each of the operating segments reconciled to amounts reflected in the consolidated financial statements. The results of operations of each of the operating segments are included in consolidated operating results as of their date of acquisition. Segment operating income (loss) is the measure used to assess the performance of each business. Corporate consists of corporate overhead and management fees which are not allocated to any of the Company's reportable segments. There were no significant inter-segment transactions.
Summary of Operating Segments

Net Revenues | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
5.11 | $ | 126,537 |  |  | $ | 111,099 |  |  | $ | 350,608 |  |  | $ | 321,009 |
BOA | 50,019 |  |  | 39,496 |  |  | 166,215 |  |  | 120,033 |
Ergobaby | 21,540 |  |  | 19,816 |  |  | 68,256 |  |  | 69,100 |
Lugano | 51,145 |  |  | 10,823 |  |  | 137,229 |  |  | 10,823 |
Marucci | 42,753 |  |  | 25,040 |  |  | 122,481 |  |  | 86,328 |
PrimaLoft | 10,712 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,712 |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 75,482 |  |  | 76,901 |  |  | 180,774 |  |  | 205,891 |
Advanced Circuits | 21,788 |  |  | 23,182 |  |  | 67,194 |  |  | 67,209 |
Altor | 69,618 |  |  | 44,122 |  |  | 199,590 |  |  | 122,582 |
Arnold | 39,377 |  |  | 36,852 |  |  | 116,319 |  |  | 101,893 |
Sterno | 88,636 |  |  | 100,827 |  |  | 249,745 |  |  | 267,398 |
Total segment revenue | 597,607 |  |  | 488,158 |  |  | 1,669,123 |  |  | 1,372,266 |
Corporate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total consolidated revenues | $ | 597,607 |  |  | $ | 488,158 |  |  | $ | 1,669,123 |  |  | $ | 1,372,266 |

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Segment operating income (loss) | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
5.11 | $ | 12,091 |  |  | $ | 10,088 |  |  | $ | 30,301 |  |  | $ | 27,893 |
BOA | 12,975 |  |  | 7,091 |  |  | 50,237 |  |  | 25,798 |
Ergobaby | 593 |  |  | 246 |  |  | 3,866 |  |  | 5,964 |
Lugano | 12,635 |  |  | 1,583 |  |  | 35,885 |  |  | 1,583 |
Marucci | 7,692 |  |  | 3,580 |  |  | 14,141 |  |  | 15,267 |
PrimaLoft | (8,469) |  |  | — |  |  | (8,469) |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 10,225 |  |  | 12,905 |  |  | 18,721 |  |  | 33,039 |
Advanced Circuits | 4,973 |  |  | 6,791 |  |  | 17,303 |  |  | 18,610 |
Altor | 6,561 |  |  | 5,380 |  |  | 18,303 |  |  | 13,612 |
Arnold | 5,462 |  |  | 4,611 |  |  | 14,075 |  |  | 10,104 |
Sterno | 2,795 |  |  | 4,232 |  |  | 13,783 |  |  | 15,094 |
Total segment operating income | 67,533 |  |  | 56,507 |  |  | 208,146 |  |  | 166,964 |
Corporate | (18,786) |  |  | (14,648) |  |  | (52,156) |  |  | (41,826) |
Total consolidated operating income | 48,747 |  |  | 41,859 |  |  | 155,990 |  |  | 125,138 |
Reconciliation of segment operating income to consolidated income from continuing operations before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | (22,799) |  |  | (13,855) |  |  | (57,737) |  |  | (42,607) |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | (1,004) |  |  | (759) |  |  | (2,735) |  |  | (2,167) |
Loss on debt extinguishment | (534) |  |  | — |  |  | (534) |  |  | (33,305) |
Other income (expense), net | (2,141) |  |  | 1,031 |  |  | 606 |  |  | (1,906) |
Total consolidated income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 22,269 |  |  | $ | 28,276 |  |  | $ | 95,590 |  |  | $ | 45,153 |

Depreciation and Amortization Expense | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
5.11 | $ | 5,701 |  |  | $ | 5,792 |  |  | $ | 16,648 |  |  | $ | 16,493 |
BOA | 5,517 |  |  | 5,082 |  |  | 16,161 |  |  | 14,818 |
Ergobaby | 2,008 |  |  | 2,042 |  |  | 5,998 |  |  | 6,354 |
Lugano | 2,976 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 8,090 |  |  | 41 |
Marucci | 2,467 |  |  | 2,127 |  |  | 9,446 |  |  | 6,290 |
PrimaLoft | 4,107 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,107 |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 3,327 |  |  | 3,093 |  |  | 9,740 |  |  | 9,311 |
Advanced Circuits | 508 |  |  | 527 |  |  | 1,544 |  |  | 1,568 |
Altor | 4,062 |  |  | 3,148 |  |  | 12,069 |  |  | 8,845 |
Arnold | 1,895 |  |  | 1,965 |  |  | 5,942 |  |  | 5,702 |
Sterno | 4,956 |  |  | 5,610 |  |  | 14,934 |  |  | 15,976 |
Total | 37,524 |  |  | 29,427 |  |  | 104,679 |  |  | 85,398 |
Reconciliation of segment to consolidated total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,004 |  |  | 759 |  |  | 2,735 |  |  | 2,084 |
Consolidated total | $ | 38,528 |  |  | $ | 30,186 |  |  | $ | 107,414 |  |  | $ | 87,482 |

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| Accounts Receivable |  | Identifiable Assets
| September 30, |  | December 31, |  | September 30, |  | December 31,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 (1) |  | 2021 (1)
5.11 | $ | 52,068 |  |  | $ | 50,461 |  |  | $ | 421,307 |  |  | $ | 354,666 |
BOA | 2,318 |  |  | 2,387 |  |  | 247,049 |  |  | 263,052 |
Ergobaby | 13,095 |  |  | 11,167 |  |  | 86,786 |  |  | 86,530 |
Lugano | 50,914 |  |  | 27,812 |  |  | 307,773 |  |  | 233,720 |
Marucci | 29,472 |  |  | 23,261 |  |  | 181,367 |  |  | 146,087 |
PrimaLoft | 2,512 |  |  | — |  |  | 259,934 |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 51,548 |  |  | 36,017 |  |  | 240,119 |  |  | 219,545 |
Advanced Circuits | 9,902 |  |  | 9,717 |  |  | 22,415 |  |  | 24,120 |
Altor | 45,032 |  |  | 38,457 |  |  | 204,714 |  |  | 205,631 |
Arnold | 23,417 |  |  | 20,372 |  |  | 101,066 |  |  | 101,591 |
Sterno | 61,209 |  |  | 72,179 |  |  | 235,038 |  |  | 244,338 |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (15,221) |  |  | (14,120) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | 326,266 |  |  | 277,710 |  |  | 2,307,568 |  |  | 1,879,280 |
Reconciliation of segment to consolidated total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate and other identifiable assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,212 |  |  | 105,188 |
Consolidated total | $ | 326,266 |  |  | $ | 277,710 |  |  | $ | 2,320,780 |  |  | $ | 1,984,468 |

(1)Does not include accounts receivable balances per schedule above or goodwill balances - refer to Note G - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets".
Note F — Property, Plant and Equipment and Inventory
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is comprised of the following at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Machinery and equipment | $ | 243,226 |  |  | $ | 233,840 |
Furniture, fixtures and other | 63,941 |  |  | 55,165 |
Leasehold improvements | 67,278 |  |  | 60,970 |
Buildings and land | 13,376 |  |  | 13,345 |
Construction in process | 22,981 |  |  | 15,340 |
| 410,802 |  |  | 378,660 |
Less: accumulated depreciation | (217,053) |  |  | (192,183) |
Total | $ | 193,749 |  |  | $ | 186,477 |

Depreciation expense was $11.3 million and $32.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively and $10.4 million and $28.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
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Inventory
Inventory is comprised of the following at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Raw materials | $ | 115,981 |  |  | $ | 107,307 |
Work-in-process | 31,997 |  |  | 29,032 |
Finished goods | 605,923 |  |  | 457,274 |
Less: obsolescence reserve | (27,999) |  |  | (27,870) |
Total | $ | 725,902 |  |  | $ | 565,743 |

Note G — Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
As a result of acquisitions of various businesses, the Company has significant intangible assets on its balance sheet that include goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles. The Company’s goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles are tested and reviewed for impairment annually as of March 31st or more frequently if facts and circumstances warrant by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. Each of the Company’s businesses represent a reporting unit.
Goodwill
2022 Annual Impairment Testing
The Company uses a qualitative approach to test goodwill for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform quantitative goodwill impairment testing. The results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it was more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each of our reporting units exceeded their carrying value.
2021 Annual Impairment Testing
The Company uses a qualitative approach to test goodwill for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform quantitative goodwill impairment testing. We determined that the Arnold reporting unit required additional quantitative testing because we could not conclude that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value based on qualitative factors alone. For the reporting units that were tested only on a qualitative basis for the 2021 annual impairment testing, the results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it is more likely than not that the fair value exceeded the carrying value of these reporting units.
The quantitative test of Arnold was performed using an income approach to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. The discount rate used in the income approach was 13.0% and the results of the quantitative impairment testing indicated that the fair value of the Arnold reporting unit exceeded the carrying value by 272%.
A summary of the net carrying value of goodwill at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, is as follows (in thousands):

| Nine months ended September 30, 2022 |  | Year ended December 31, 2021
Goodwill - gross carrying amount | $ | 1,251,996 |  |  | $ | 939,828 |
Accumulated impairment losses | (57,745) |  |  | (57,745) |
Goodwill - net carrying amount | $ | 1,194,251 |  |  | $ | 882,083 |

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The following is a reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 by operating segment (in thousands):

|  | Balance at January 1, 2022 |  | Acquisitions/Measurement Period Adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Balance at September 30, 2022
5.11 |  | $ | 92,966 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 92,966 |
BOA |  | 254,153 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 254,153 |
Ergobaby |  | 61,448 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 61,448 |
Lugano |  | 83,458 |  |  | 2,879 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 86,337 |
Marucci |  | 107,855 |  |  | (33,204) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 74,651 |
PrimaLoft |  | — |  |  | 335,296 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 335,296 |
Velocity Outdoor |  | 30,079 |  |  | 6,911 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 36,990 |
Advanced Circuits |  | 58,029 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 58,029 |
Altor |  | 90,843 |  |  | 286 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 91,129 |
Arnold |  | 39,267 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 39,267 |
Sterno |  | 55,336 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55,336 |
Corporate (1) |  | 8,649 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,649 |
Total |  | $ | 882,083 |  |  | $ | 312,168 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,194,251 |

(1) Represents goodwill resulting from purchase accounting adjustments not "pushed down" to the ACI segment. This amount is allocated back to the ACI segment for purposes of goodwill impairment testing.
Long lived assets
Annual indefinite lived impairment testing
The Company used a qualitative approach to test indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of an indefinite lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform quantitative impairment testing. The Company evaluated the qualitative factors of each indefinite lived intangible asset in connection with the annual impairment testing for 2022 and 2021. Results of the qualitative analysis indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units that maintain indefinite lived intangible assets exceeded the carrying value.
Other intangible assets are comprised of the following at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
| Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount
Customer relationships | $ | 779,271 |  |  | $ | (253,488) |  |  | $ | 525,783 |  |  | $ | 595,673 |  |  | $ | (218,066) |  |  | $ | 377,607 |
Technology and patents | 189,430 |  |  | (51,229) |  |  | 138,201 |  |  | 156,129 |  |  | (42,035) |  |  | 114,094 |
Trade names, subject to amortization | 483,937 |  |  | (111,917) |  |  | 372,020 |  |  | 411,880 |  |  | (90,196) |  |  | 321,684 |
Non-compete agreements | 4,962 |  |  | (4,084) |  |  | 878 |  |  | 4,942 |  |  | (3,827) |  |  | 1,115 |
Other contractual intangible assets | 3,013 |  |  | (1,340) |  |  | 1,673 |  |  | 1,960 |  |  | (735) |  |  | 1,225 |
Total | 1,460,613 |  |  | (422,058) |  |  | 1,038,555 |  |  | 1,170,584 |  |  | (354,859) |  |  | 815,725 |
Trade names, not subject to amortization | 56,965 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,965 |  |  | 56,965 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,965 |
In-process research and development (1) | 500 |  |  | — |  |  | 500 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total intangibles, net | $ | 1,518,078 |  |  | $ | (422,058) |  |  | $ | 1,096,020 |  |  | $ | 1,227,549 |  |  | $ | (354,859) |  |  | $ | 872,690 |

(1) In-process research and development is considered indefinite lived until the underlying technology becomes viable, at which point the intangible asset will be amortized over the expected useful life.
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Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $25.2 million and $67.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively and $19.1 million and $56.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
Estimated charges to amortization expense of intangible assets for the remainder of 2022 and the next four years, is as follows (in thousands):

2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  |  |
$ | 25,179 |  |  | $ | 100,226 |  |  | $ | 98,607 |  |  | $ | 93,282 |  |  | $ | 86,929 |  |  |  |

Note H — Warranties
The Company’s Ergobaby, Marucci, BOA and Velocity Outdoor operating segments estimate their exposure to warranty claims based on both current and historical product sales data and warranty costs incurred. The Company assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability quarterly and adjusts the amount as necessary. Warranty liability is included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. A reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of the Company’s warranty liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the year ended December 31, 2021 is as follows (in thousands):

Warranty liability | Nine months ended September 30, 2022 |  | Year ended December 31, 2021
Beginning balance | $ | 2,062 |  |  | $ | 1,558 |
Provision for warranties issued during the period | 2,203 |  |  | 4,257 |
Fulfillment of warranty obligations | (2,255) |  |  | (3,753) |
Ending balance | $ | 2,010 |  |  | $ | 2,062 |

Note I — Debt
2022 Credit Facility
On July 12, 2022, the Company entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "2022 Credit Facility") to amend and restate the 2021 Credit Facility. The 2022 Credit Facility provides for revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit ("the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit") up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million ("the 2022 Revolving Loan Commitment") and a $400 million term loan (the “ 2022 Term Loan”). The 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly payments ranging from $2.5 million to $7.5 million, commencing September 30, 2022, with a final payment of all remaining principal and interest due on July 12, 2027, which is the 2022 Term Loan’s maturity date. All amounts outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit will become due on July 12, 2027, which is the termination date of the 2022 Revolving Loan Commitment. The 2022 Credit Facility also permits the LLC, prior to the applicable maturity date, to increase the Revolving Loan Commitment and/or obtain additional term loans in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. On the closing date for the 2022 Credit Facility, the 2022 Term Loan was advanced in full and the initial borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit were $115 million. We used the initial proceeds from the 2022 Credit Facility to pay all amounts outstanding under the 2021 Credit Facility, pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the 2022 Credit Facility and fund the acquisition of PrimaLoft.
The LLC may borrow, prepay and reborrow principal under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility from time to time during its term. Advances under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit can be either term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") loans or base rate loans. Term SOFR revolving loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof for each interest period at a rate per annum based on the applicable SOFR as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or a successor administrator), as adjusted, plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50%, based on the ratio of consolidated net indebtedness to adjusted consolidated earnings before interest expense, tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses for such period (the “Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio”). Base rate revolving loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof at a rate per annum equal to the highest of (i) Federal Funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the “prime rate”, and (iii) the applicable SOFR plus 1.0% (the “Base Rate”), plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50%, based on the Company's Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio.
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Advances under the 2022 Term Loan can be either term SOFR loans or base rate loans. The 2022 Term Loan was advanced in full on the closing date for the 2022 Credit Facility as a Term SOFR loan with an interest period of one month. On the last day of an interest period, Term SOFR loans may be converted to Term SOFR loans of a different interest period or to Base Rate loans. Term SOFR term loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof for each interest period at a rate per annum based on the Term SOFR for such interest period plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50%, based on the Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio. Base rate term loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof from the applicable borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50%, based on the Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio.
Under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, an aggregate amount of up to $100 million in letters of credit may be issued, as well as swing line loans of up to $25 million outstanding at one time. The issuance of such letters of credit and the making of any swing line loan would reduce the amount available under the 2021 Revolving Credit Facility.
Net availability under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility was approximately $484.7 million at September 30, 2022. Letters of credit outstanding at September 30, 2022 totaled approximately $2.3 million. At September 30, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants as defined in the 2022 Credit Facility.
The 2022 Revolving Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets of the Company, including all of its equity interests in, and loans to, its subsidiaries.
2021 Credit Facility
On March 23, 2021, we entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "2021 Credit Facility") to amend and restate the 2018 Credit Facility (as previously restated and amended) among the Company, the lenders from time to time party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent. The 2021 Credit Facility was secured by all of the assets of the Company, including all of its equity interests in, and loans to, its consolidated subsidiaries. The 2021 Credit Facility provided for revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit (the “2021 Revolving Credit Facility”) up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million and also permitted the LLC, prior to the applicable maturity date, to increase the revolving loan commitment and/or obtain term loans in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. The Company repaid the outstanding amounts under the 2021 credit facility in the third quarter of 2022.
2018 Credit Facility
On April 18, 2018, the LLC entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "2018 Credit Facility"). The 2018 Credit Facility provided for (i) revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit (the “2018 Revolving Credit Facility”) up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million, and (ii) a $500 million term loan (the “2018 Term Loan”). The Company repaid the outstanding amounts under the 2018 Term Loan in 2019, and used a portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the 2029 Senior Notes to repay the amount outstanding under the 2018 Revolving Credit Facility in March 2021.
Senior Notes
2032 Senior Notes
On November 17, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $300 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.000% Senior Notes due 2032 (the “2032 Notes” or "2032 Senior Notes") offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2032 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of November 17, 2021 (the “2032 Notes Indenture”), between the LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The 2032 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.000% per annum and will mature on January 15, 2032. Interest on the 2032 Notes is payable in cash on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on July 15, 2022.
The proceeds from the sale of the 2032 Notes was used to repay a portion of our debt under the 2021 Revolving Credit Facility.
2029 Senior Notes
On March 23, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $1,000 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.250% Senior Notes due 2029 (the "2029 Notes" or "2029 Senior Notes") offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of March 23,
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2021 (the “2029 Notes Indenture”), between the LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the "Trustee"). The 2029 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.250% per annum and will mature on April 15, 2029. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable in cash on April 15th and October 15th of each year. The first interest payment date on the 2029 Senior Notes will be October 15, 2021. The 2029 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the LLC and are not guaranteed by our subsidiaries.
The proceeds from the sale of the 2029 Notes was used to repay debt outstanding under the 2018 Credit Facility in connection with entering into the 2021 Credit Facility, as described above, and to redeem our 8.000% Senior Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Senior Notes”).
2026 Senior Notes
Our 2026 Senior Notes bore interest at 8.000% per annum and were scheduled to mature on May 1, 2026. On March 2, 2021, pursuant to an indenture, dated as of April 18, 2018 between the LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee ("Trustee"), the Trustee delivered redemption notices, on behalf of the LLC, to holders of the LLC’s 2026 Senior Notes to redeem the 2026 Senior Notes on April 1, 2021. The principal amount of the 2026 Senior Notes redeemed was $600 million, which represented all of the outstanding principal of the 2026 Senior Notes. The 2026 Senior Notes were redeemed at 100% of their principal, plus an applicable premium, and accrued and unpaid interest as of the redemption date. On March 23, 2021, the proceeds required for the redemption of the 2026 Senior Notes, the applicable premium and accrued interest totaling $647.7 million was irrevocably deposited with the Trustee and held by the Trustee until the date of redemption, April 1, 2021. The redemption of the 2026 Senior Notes resulted in a Loss on Debt Extinguishment of approximately $33.3 million, which is comprised of the premium paid for early redemption of the 2026 Senior Notes, and the expensing of the deferred financing costs and bond premium associated with the 2026 Senior Notes.
The following table provides the Company’s debt holdings at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
| Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount |  | Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount
2029 Senior Notes | 5.25 | % |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | 4.89 | % |  | $ | 1,000,000 |
2032 Senior Notes | 5.00 | % |  | 300,000 |  |  | 5.29 | % |  | 300,000 |
2022 Term Loan | 4.56 | % |  | 397,500 |  |  | N/a |  | — |
2022 Revolving Credit Facility | 4.68 | % |  | 113,000 |  |  | N/a |  | — |
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | (16,135) |  |  |  |  | (15,174) |
Total debt |  |  | $ | 1,794,365 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,284,826 |
Less: Current Portion of long-term debt |  |  | (10,000) |  |  |  |  | — |
Long-term debt |  |  | $ | 1,784,365 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,284,826 |

The Senior Notes consisted of the following carrying value and estimated fair value (in thousands):

|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Hierarchy Level |  | September 30, 2022
|  | Maturity Date |  | Rate |  |  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value
2032 Senior Notes |  | January 15, 2032 |  | 5.000 | % |  | 2 |  | 300,000 |  |  | 219,000 |
2029 Senior Notes |  | April 15, 2029 |  | 5.250 | % |  | 2 |  | 1,000,000 |  |  | 787,500 |

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Debt Issuance Costs
Deferred debt issuance costs represent the costs associated with the issuance of the Company's financing arrangements. In connection with the 2032 Senior Notes offering in November 2021, the Company recorded $4.3 million in deferred financing costs. In addition, the Company recorded $12.0 million in deferred financing costs related to the 2029 Senior Notes offering in March 2021. The net deferred financing costs associated with the 2026 Senior Notes were $7.2 million at March 31, 2021, and were expensed on April 1, 2021, the date of the redemption of the 2026 Senior Notes. In connection with entering into the 2022 Credit Facility, the Company recognized $2.5 million in deferred financing costs associated with the 2022 Term Loan, and $2.8 million in deferred financing costs associated with the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. The Company recorded $5.4 million in deferred financing costs in connection with the 2021 Credit Facility. The Company also incurred $0.5 million in loss on debt extinguishment related to the write-off of deferred financing costs associated with the 2021 Credit Facility upon entry into the 2022 Credit Facility.
Since the Company can borrow, repay and reborrow principal under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, the debt issuance costs associated with the 2021 Revolving Credit Facility have been classified as other non-current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. The debt issuance costs associated with the Senior Notes are classified as a reduction of long-term debt in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The following table summarizes unamortized premiums and debt issuance costs at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and the balance sheet classification in each of the periods presented (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Debt issuance costs | $ | 32,526 |  |  | $ | 27,784 |
Accumulated amortization | (8,756) |  |  | (6,021) |
Unamortized debt issuance costs, net | $ | 23,770 |  |  | $ | 21,763 |
Balance sheet classification: |  |  |
Other noncurrent assets | $ | 7,635 |  |  | $ | 6,589 |
Long-term debt | 16,135 |  |  | 15,174 |
| $ | 23,770 |  |  | $ | 21,763 |

Note J — Stockholders’ Equity
Trust Common Shares
The Trust is authorized to issue 500,000,000 Trust common shares and the LLC is authorized to issue a corresponding number of trust interests. The Company will at all times have the identical number of trust interests outstanding as Trust shares. Each Trust share represents an undivided beneficial interest in the Trust, and each Trust share is entitled to one vote per share on any matter with respect to which members of the Company are entitled to vote.
At-The-Market Equity Offering Program
On September 7, 2021, the Company filed a prospectus supplement pursuant to which the Company may, but has no obligation to, issue and sell up to $500 million of common shares of the Trust in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company. Actual sales will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by us from time to time, including, market conditions, the trading price of Trust common shares and determinations by us regarding appropriate sources of funding. The Company incurred approximately $0.1 million in total costs related to the ATM program during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
In connection with this offering, the Trust entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (each a “Sales Agent” and, collectively, the “Sales Agents”). The Sales Agreement provides that the Company may offer and sell Trust common shares from time to time through the Sales Agents up to $500 million, in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company. Pursuant to the Sales Agreement, the shares may be offered and sold through each Sales Agent, acting separately, in ordinary brokers’ transactions, to or through a market maker, on or through the New York Stock Exchange or any other market venue where the securities may be traded, in the over-the-counter market, in
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privately negotiated transactions, in transactions that are deemed to be “at the market offerings” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act or through a combination of any such methods of sale.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company sold 934,906 and 3,464,844 Trust common shares under the Sales Agreement, respectively. During the same periods, the Company received total net proceeds of approximately $21.7 million and $84.0 million, respectively, from these sales and incurred approximately $0.4 million and $1.5 million in commissions payable to the Sales Agents. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company sold 630,108 Trust common shares under the Sales Agreement. For the same period, the Company received total net proceeds of approximately $18.8 million from these sales, and incurred approximately $0.3 million in commissions payable to the Sales Agents.
Trust Preferred Shares
The Trust is authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 Trust preferred shares and the LLC is authorized to issue a corresponding number of trust preferred interests.
Series C Preferred Shares
On November 20, 2019, the Trust issued 4,000,000 7.875% Series C Preferred Shares (the "Series C Preferred Shares") with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, and on December 2, 2019, the Trust issued 600,000 of the Series C Preferred Shares which were sold pursuant to an option to purchase additional shares by the underwriters. Total proceeds from the issuance of the Series C Preferred Shares were $115.0 million, or $111.0 million net of underwriters' discount and issuance costs. Distributions on the Series C Preferred Shares will be payable quarterly in arrears, when and as declared by the Company's board of directors on January 30, April 30, July 30, and October 30 of each year, beginning on January 30, 2020, at a rate per annum of 7.875%. Distributions on the Series C Preferred Shares are cumulative and at September 30, 2022, $1.5 million of Series C distributions are accumulated and unpaid. Unless full cumulative distributions on the Series C Preferred Shares have been or contemporaneously are declared and set apart for payment of the Series C Preferred Shares for all past distribution periods, no distribution may be declared or paid for payment on the Trust common shares. The Series C Preferred Shares are not convertible into Trust common shares and have no voting rights, except in limited circumstances as provided for in the share designation for the Series C Preferred Shares. The Series C Preferred Shares may be redeemed at the Company's option, in whole or in part, at any time after January 30, 2025, at a price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid distributions (thereon whether authorized or declared) to, but excluding, the redemption date. Except in limited circumstances, holders of Series C Preferred Shares will have no right to require the redemption of the Series C Preferred Shares and there is no maturity date.
Series B Preferred Shares
On March 13, 2018, the Trust issued 4,000,000 7.875% Series B Trust Preferred Shares (the "Series B Preferred Shares") with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $100.0 million, or $96.5 million net of underwriters' discount and issuance costs. Distributions on the Series B Preferred Shares will be payable quarterly in arrears, when and as declared by the Company's board of directors on January 30, April 30, July 30, and October 30 of each year, beginning on July 30, 2018, at a rate per annum of 7.875%. Distributions on the Series B Preferred Shares are cumulative and at September 30, 2022, $1.3 million of Series B distributions are accumulated and unpaid. Unless full cumulative distributions on the Series B Preferred Shares have been or contemporaneously are declared and set apart for payment of the Series B Preferred Shares for all past distribution periods, no distribution may be declared or paid for payment on the Trust common shares. The Series B Preferred Shares are not convertible into Trust common shares and have no voting rights, except in limited circumstances as provided for in the share designation for the preferred shares. The Series B Preferred Shares may be redeemed at the Company's option, in whole or in part, at any time after April 30, 2028, at a price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid distributions (thereon whether authorized or declared) to, but excluding, the redemption date. Except in limited circumstances, holders of Series B Preferred Shares will have no right to require the redemption of the Series B Preferred Shares and there is no maturity date.
Series A Preferred Shares
On June 28, 2017, the Trust issued 4,000,000 7.250% Series A Trust Preferred Shares (the "Series A Preferred Shares") with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $100.0 million, or $96.4 million net of underwriters' discount and issuance costs. When, and if declared by the Company's board of directors, distribution on the Series A Preferred Shares will be payable quarterly on January 30, April 30, July 30, and October 30 of each year, beginning on October 30, 2017, at a rate per annum of 7.250%. Distributions on the Series A Preferred Shares are discretionary and non-cumulative. The Company has no obligation to pay distributions for a
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quarterly distribution period if the board of directors does not declare the distribution before the scheduled record of date for the period, whether or not distributions are paid for any subsequent distribution periods with respect to the Series A Preferred Shares, or the Trust common shares. If the Company's board of directors does not declare a distribution for the Series A Preferred Shares for a quarterly distribution period, during the remainder of that quarterly distribution period the Company cannot declare or pay distributions on the Trust common shares. The Series A Preferred Shares became redeemable at the Company's option, in whole or in part, at any time after July 30, 2022, at a price of $25.00 per share, plus any declared and unpaid distributions. Except in limited circumstances, holders of Series A Preferred Shares will have no right to require the redemption of the Series A Preferred Shares and there is no maturity date. The Series A Preferred Shares are not convertible into Trust common shares and have no voting rights, except in limited circumstances as provided for in the share designation for the preferred shares.
Profit Allocation Interests
The Allocation Interests represent the original equity interest in the Company. The holders of the Allocation Interests ("Holders") are entitled to receive distributions pursuant to a profit allocation formula upon the occurrence of certain events. The distributions of the profit allocation are paid upon the occurrence of the sale of a material amount of capital stock or assets of one of the Company’s businesses ("Sale Event") or, at the option of the Holders, at each five-year anniversary date of the acquisition of one of the Company’s businesses ("Holding Event"). The Company records distributions of the profit allocation to the Holders upon occurrence of a Sale Event or Holding Event as distributions declared on Allocation Interests to stockholders’ equity when they are approved by the Company’s board of directors.
Holding Events
The fifteen-year anniversary of ACI occurred in May 2021 which represented a Holding Event. The Company declared and paid a distribution to the Holders of $12.1 million in July 2021. The ten-year anniversary of Liberty occurred in March 2020 and the ten-year anniversary of Ergobaby occurred in September 2020. Both of these represented a Holding Event, and the Holders of the Allocation Interests elected to defer the distribution until after the end of 2020. The profit allocation payment of $3.3 million related to the Liberty Holding Event and the profit allocation payment of $2.0 million related to the Ergobaby Holding Event were both paid in January 2021.
Sale Event
The Sale of Liberty in August 2021 qualified as a Sale Event under the LLC Agreement. During the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company's Board declared a distribution to the Allocation Member of $16.8 million. The distribution was paid in the fourth quarter of 2021.
Reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to common shares of Holdings
The following table reconciles net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Holdings to net income (loss) attributable to the common shares of Holdings (in thousands):

|  | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (3,253) |  |  | $ | 16,519 |  |  | $ | 41,462 |  |  | $ | 12,576 |
Less: Distributions paid - Allocation Interests |  | — |  |  | 12,075 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,289 |
Less: Distributions paid - Preferred Shares |  | 6,045 |  |  | 6,045 |  |  | 18,136 |  |  | 18,136 |
Less: Accrued distributions - Preferred Shares |  | 2,869 |  |  | 2,869 |  |  | 2,869 |  |  | 2,869 |
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | (12,167) |  |  | $ | (4,470) |  |  | $ | 20,457 |  |  | $ | (25,718) |

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Earnings per share
The Company calculates basic and diluted earnings per share using the two-class method which requires the Company to allocate to participating securities that have rights to earnings that otherwise would have been available only to Trust shareholders as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. The Allocation Interests are considered participating securities that contain participating rights to receive profit allocations upon the occurrence of a Holding Event or Sale Event. The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 reflects the incremental increase during the period in the profit allocation distribution to Holders related to Holding Events.
Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 attributable to the common shares of Holdings is calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

|  | Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | (12,167) |  |  | $ | (4,470) |  |  | $ | 20,457 |  |  | $ | (25,718) |
Less: Effect of contribution based profit - Holding Event |  | 4,548 |  |  | 3,779 |  |  | 13,545 |  |  | 4,194 |
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | (16,715) |  |  | $ | (8,249) |  |  | $ | 6,912 |  |  | $ | (29,912) |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | 1,479 |  |  | $ | 71,581 |  |  | $ | 6,893 |  |  | $ | 79,888 |
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |  | 71,910 |  |  | 65,008 |  |  | 70,514 |  |  | 64,936 |
Basic and fully diluted income (loss) per common share attributable to Holdings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Continuing operations |  | $ | (0.23) |  |  | $ | (0.13) |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | (0.46) |
Discontinued operations |  | 0.02 |  |  | 1.10 |  |  | 0.10 |  |  | 1.23 |
|  | $ | (0.21) |  |  | $ | 0.97 |  |  | $ | 0.20 |  |  | $ | 0.77 |

Distributions
The following table summarizes information related to our quarterly cash distributions on our Trust common and preferred shares (in thousands, except per share data):

Period |  | Cash Distribution per Share |  | Total Cash Distributions |  | Record Date |  | Payment Date
Trust Common Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
July 1, 2022 - September 30, 2022 (1) |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 18,051 |  |  | October 20, 2022 |  | October 27, 2022
April 1, 2022 - June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 17,931 |  |  | July 21, 2022 |  | July 28, 2022
January 1, 2022 - March 31, 2022 |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 17,510 |  |  | April 21, 2022 |  | April 28, 2022
October 1, 2021 - December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 17,352 |  |  | January 13, 2022 |  | January 20, 2022
July 1, 2021 - September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 0.36 |  |  | $ | 23,742 |  |  | October 15, 2021 |  | October 22, 2021
August 3, 2021 (2) |  | $ | 0.88 |  |  | $ | 57,112 |  |  | August 31, 2021 |  | September 7, 2021
April 1, 2021 - June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 0.36 |  |  | $ | 23,364 |  |  | July 15, 2021 |  | July 22, 2021
January 1, 2021 - March 31, 2021 |  | $ | 0.36 |  |  | $ | 23,364 |  |  | April 15, 2021 |  | April 22, 2021
October 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 0.36 |  |  | $ | 23,364 |  |  | January 15, 2021 |  | January 22, 2021
Series A Preferred Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
July 30, 2022 - October 29, 2022 (1) |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | October 15, 2022 |  | October 30, 2022
April 30, 2022 - July 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | July 15, 2022 |  | July 30, 2022
January 30, 2022 - April 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | April 15, 2022 |  | April 30, 2022

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October 30, 2021 - January 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | January 15, 2022 |  | January 30, 2022
July 30, 2021 - October 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | October 15, 2021 |  | October 30, 2021
April 30, 2021 - July 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | July 15, 2021 |  | July 30, 2021
January 30, 2021 - April 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | April 15, 2021 |  | April 30, 2021
October 30, 2020 - January 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | January 15, 2021 |  | January 30, 2021
Series B Preferred Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
July 30, 2022 - October 29, 2022 (1) |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | October 15, 2022 |  | October 30, 2022
April 30, 2022 - July 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | July 15, 2022 |  | July 30, 2022
January 30, 2022 - April 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | April 15, 2022 |  | April 30, 2022
October 30, 2021 - January 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | January 15, 2022 |  | January 30, 2022
July 30, 2021 - October 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | October 15, 2021 |  | October 30, 2021
April 30, 2021 - July 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | July 15, 2021 |  | July 30, 2021
January 30, 2021 - April 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | April 15, 2021 |  | April 30, 2021
October 30, 2020 - January 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | January 15, 2021 |  | January 30, 2021
Series C Preferred Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
July 30, 2022 - October 29, 2022 (1) |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | October 15, 2022 |  | October 30, 2022
April 30, 2022 - July 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | July 15, 2022 |  | July 30, 2022
January 30, 2022 - April 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | April 15, 2022 |  | April 30, 2022
October 30, 2021 - January 29, 2022 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | January 15, 2022 |  | January 30, 2022
July 30, 2021 - October 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | October 15, 2021 |  | October 30, 2021
April 30, 2021 - July 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | July 15, 2021 |  | July 30, 2021
January 30, 2021 - April 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | April 15, 2021 |  | April 30, 2021
October 30, 2020 - January 29, 2021 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | January 15, 2021 |  | January 30, 2021

(1) This distribution was declared on October 4, 2022.
(2) On August 3, 2021, in order to offset a portion of the tax liability to the shareholders as a result of the election to cause the Trust to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Company's Board of Directors declared a special cash distribution on the Trust’s common shares. A distribution of $57.1 million was made on August 31, 2021 to Trust common shareholders. Beginning with the quarter ended December 31, 2021, the Company has declared a quarterly distribution of $0.25 per share, which was reduced from $0.36 per share in prior periods to reflect the effect of the Trust being taxed as a corporation.
Note K — Noncontrolling Interest
Noncontrolling interest represents the portion of the Company’s majority owned subsidiary’s net income (loss) and equity that is owned by noncontrolling shareholders. The following tables reflect the LLC’s ownership percentage of its majority owned operating segments and related noncontrolling interest balances as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
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| % Ownership (1) September 30, 2022 |  | % Ownership (1) December 31, 2021
| Primary |  | Fully Diluted |  | Primary |  | Fully Diluted
5.11 | 97.7 |  |  | 88.3 |  |  | 97.6 |  |  | 88.4 |
BOA | 91.8 |  |  | 83.4 |  |  | 91.8 |  |  | 83.8 |
Ergobaby | 81.6 |  |  | 72.8 |  |  | 81.7 |  |  | 72.7 |
Lugano | 59.9 |  |  | 55.4 |  |  | 59.9 |  |  | 58.1 |
Marucci | 91.0 |  |  | 81.9 |  |  | 91.1 |  |  | 82.8 |
PrimaLoft | 90.7 |  |  | 90.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 99.4 |  |  | 87.7 |  |  | 99.3 |  |  | 87.6 |
Advanced Circuits | 71.8 |  |  | 67.6 |  |  | 71.8 |  |  | 67.6 |
Altor | 100.0 |  |  | 86.9 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 91.2 |
Arnold | 98.0 |  |  | 85.5 |  |  | 98.0 |  |  | 85.5 |
Sterno | 99.4 |  |  | 90.8 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 87.1 |

(1) The principal difference between primary and diluted percentages of our operating segments is due to stock option issuances of operating segment stock to management of the respective businesses.

| Noncontrolling Interest Balances
(in thousands) | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
5.11 | $ | 16,718 |  |  | $ | 15,458 |
BOA | 35,562 |  |  | 30,581 |
Ergobaby | 19,006 |  |  | 29,435 |
Lugano | 80,158 |  |  | 70,585 |
Marucci | 19,393 |  |  | 17,175 |
PrimaLoft | 34,983 |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 5,909 |  |  | 5,250 |
Advanced Circuits | 438 |  |  | (2,614) |
Altor | 4,846 |  |  | 3,936 |
Arnold | 1,463 |  |  | 1,284 |
Sterno | 1,842 |  |  | 1,524 |
Allocation Interests | 100 |  |  | 100 |
| $ | 220,418 |  |  | $ | 172,714 |

Note L — Fair Value Measurement
The following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

| Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2022
| Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Put option of noncontrolling shareholders (1) | $ | (142) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (142) |
Contingent consideration - acquisition (2) | (1,600) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,600) |
Total recorded at fair value | $ | (1,742) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1,742) |

(1)Represents put option issued to noncontrolling shareholders in connection with the 5.11 acquisition.
(2) Represents potential earn-out payable as additional purchase price consideration by Velocity in connection with an acquisition.
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| Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021
| Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Put option of noncontrolling shareholders (1) | $ | (151) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (151) |
Contingent consideration - acquisition (2) | (1,350) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,350) |
Total recorded at fair value | $ | (1,501) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1,501) |

(1)Represents a put option issued to a noncontrolling shareholder in connection with the 5.11 acquisition.
(2)Represents potential earn-out payable as additional purchase price consideration by Altor in connection with the acquisition of Polyfoam. The payment of the earn-out occurred on March 31, 2022.
Reconciliations of the change in the carrying value of the Level 3 fair value measurements from January 1, 2021 through September 30, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

| Level 3
Balance at January 1, 2021 | $ | (1,785) |
Termination of put option of noncontrolling shareholder - Liberty | 314 |
Increase in the fair value of put option of noncontrolling shareholder - 5.11 | (30) |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | $ | (1,501) |
Decrease in the fair value of put option of noncontrolling shareholder - 5.11 | 9 |
Payment of contingent consideration - Polyfoam | 1,350 |
Contingent consideration - Velocity acquisition | (1,600) |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | $ | (1,742) |

Valuation Techniques
The Company has not changed its valuation techniques in measuring the fair value of any of its other financial assets and liabilities during the period. For details of the Company’s fair value measurement policies under the fair value hierarchy, refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
There were no assets or liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 or the year ended December 31, 2021.
Note M — Income taxes
Effective September 1, 2021, the LLC’s parent (i.e., the Trust) elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S federal income tax purposes. Prior to September 1, 2021, the Company’s items of income, gain, loss and deduction flowed through to owners of the Trust without being subject to income taxes at the Trust level. Consequently, the Company’s earnings did not reflect a provision for income taxes except those for foreign, state, city and local income taxes incurred at the entity level. From and after September 1, 2021, the Trust will be subject to entity-level U.S. federal, state, and local corporate income taxes on the Company’s earnings that flow through to the Trust. However, the Trust itself will no longer be taxed as a flow through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Trust shareholders will no longer receive Schedule K-1’s, nor will Trust shareholders be allocated any pass through income, loss, deduction, expense, or credit (including “UBIT”) from the Trust.
The Company estimates its annual effective tax rate each fiscal quarter and applies that estimated rate to its interim pre-tax earnings. In this regard, the Company reflects the full year’s estimated tax impact of certain unusual or infrequently occurring items and the effects of changes in tax laws or rates in the interim period in which they occur.
The computation of the annual estimated effective tax rate for each interim period requires certain assumptions, estimates, and significant judgment, including with respect to the projected operating income for the year, projections of income earned and taxes incurred in various jurisdictions, permanent and temporary differences and the likelihood of recovering deferred tax assets. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision for income taxes may change as new events occur, as additional information is obtained, as our tax structure changes or as the
37

tax laws change. Certain foreign operations are subject to foreign income taxation under existing provisions of the laws of those jurisdictions.
The reconciliation between the Federal Statutory Rate and the effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:

| Nine months ended September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021
United States Federal Statutory Rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
State income taxes (net of Federal benefits) | 3.4 |  |  | 5.6 |
Foreign income taxes | 1.6 |  |  | 3.4 |
Expenses of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC representing a pass through to shareholders (1) | — |  |  | 29.3 |
Impact of subsidiary employee stock options | 0.7 |  |  | 0.5 |
Credit utilization | (5.1) |  |  | (5.6) |
Non-recognition of NOL carryforwards | 11.0 |  |  | (0.5) |
Effect of Tax Act | (1.0) |  |  | (1.6) |
Effect of classification of assets held for sale | 9.0 |  |  | — |
Other | 0.4 |  |  | 2.5 |
Effective income tax rate | 41.0 | % |  | 54.6 | %

(1) The effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 included a loss at the Trust, which was taxed as a partnership through August 31, 2021. Beginning September 1, 2021, the Trust is taxed as a corporation.
Note N — Defined Benefit Plan
In connection with the acquisition of Arnold, the company has a defined benefit plan covering substantially all of Arnold’s employees at its Lupfig, Switzerland location. The benefits are based on years of service and the employees’ highest average compensation during the specific period.
The unfunded liability of $0.2 million is recognized in the consolidated balance sheet as a component of other non-current liabilities at September 30, 2022. Net periodic benefit cost consists of the following for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Service cost | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | 103 |  |  | $ | 321 |  |  | $ | 317 |
Interest cost | 10 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 27 |
Expected return on plan assets | (18) |  |  | (18) |  |  | (54) |  |  | (55) |
Amortization of unrecognized loss | (7) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (20) |  |  | (5) |
Effect of curtailment | — |  |  | 23 |  |  | (31) |  |  | 111 |
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | 247 |  |  | $ | 395 |

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, per the terms of the pension agreement, Arnold contributed $0.3 million to the plan. For the remainder of 2022, the expected contribution to the plan will be approximately $0.1 million.
The plan assets are pooled with assets of other participating employers and are not separable; therefore, the fair values of the pension plan assets at September 30, 2022 were considered Level 3.
Note O - Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are involved in various claims and legal proceedings. While the ultimate resolution of these matters has yet to be determined, the Company does not
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believe that any unfavorable outcomes will have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Leases
The Company and its subsidiaries lease manufacturing facilities, warehouses, office facilities, retail stores, equipment and vehicles under various operating arrangements. Certain of the leases are subject to escalation clauses and renewal periods. The Company and its subsidiaries recognize lease expense, including predetermined fixed escalations, on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease including reasonably assured renewal periods from the time that the Company and its subsidiaries control the leased property. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Certain of our subsidiaries have leases that contain both fixed rent costs and variable rent costs based on achievement of certain operating metrics. The variable lease expense was not a material component of our total lease expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. The Company recognized $11.8 million and $33.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $8.2 million and $24.3 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, in expense related to operating leases in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The maturities of lease liabilities at September 30, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

2022 (excluding nine months ended September 30, 2022) |  | $ | 10,371 |
2023 |  | 39,249 |
2024 |  | 34,345 |
2025 |  | 29,815 |
2026 |  | 26,147 |
Thereafter |  | 63,177 |
Total undiscounted lease payments |  | $ | 203,104 |
Less: Interest |  | 39,720 |
Present value of lease liabilities |  | $ | 163,384 |

The calculated amount of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in the table above are impacted by the length of the lease term and discount rate used to present value the minimum lease payments. The Company's lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the company's discretion. In general, it is not reasonably certain that lease renewals will be exercised at lease commencement and therefore lease renewals are not included in the lease term. Regarding the discount rate, lease accounting guidance requires the use of a rate implicit in the lease whenever this rate is readily determinable. As this rate is rarely determinable, the Company utilizes the incremental borrowing rate of the subsidiary entering into the lease arrangement, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term as adjusted for any country specific risk.
The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all of our operating leases were as follows:

Lease Term and Discount Rate |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) |  | 6.05 |  | 5.51
Weighted-average discount rate |  | 7.16 | % |  | 7.62 | %

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

|  | Line Item in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | Other non-current assets |  | $ | 143,754 |  |  | $ | 124,438 |
Current portion, operating lease liabilities |  | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 29,694 |  |  | $ | 27,242 |
Operating lease liabilities |  | Other non-current liabilities |  | $ | 133,690 |  |  | $ | 110,287 |

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Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

|  | Nine months ended September 30, 2022 |  | Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  | $ | 29,805 |  |  | $ | 21,053 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  | $ | 39,811 |  |  | $ | 13,633 |

Note P — Related Party Transactions
Management Services Agreement
The LLC entered into the Management Services Agreement ("MSA") with CGM effective May 16, 2006. The MSA provides for, among other things, CGM to perform services for the LLC in exchange for a management fee paid quarterly and equal to 0.5% of the Company's adjusted net assets, as defined in the MSA. During 2022, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for the period through June 30, 2023 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to PrimaLoft, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee at September 30, 2022 than would normally have been due. At June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, CGM entered into a waiver to exclude cash balances held at the LLC from the calculation of the management fee.
During 2021, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for a period through December 31, 2021 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to BOA, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee paid during 2021 than would have normally been due. In the first quarter of 2021, the LLC and CGM entered into a waiver agreement whereby CGM agreed to waive the portion of the management fee related to the amount of the proceeds deposited with the Trustee that was in excess of the amount payable related to the 2026 Senior Notes at March 31, 2021. Additionally, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA at December 31, 2021 to exclude the cash balances held at the LLC from the calculation of the management fee.
Integration Services Agreements
PrimaLoft, which was acquired in July 2022, entered into an Integration Services Agreement ("ISA") with CGM whereby PrimaLoft will pay CGM an integration services fee of $4.8 million quarterly over a twelve-month period ended June 30, 2023. Lugano, which was acquired in September 2021, entered into an ISA with CGM whereby Lugano will pay CGM an integration services fee of $2.3 million quarterly over a twelve month period as services are rendered, beginning in the quarter ended December 31, 2021. BOA, which was acquired in October 2020, entered into an ISA with CGM whereby BOA paid CGM an integration service fee of $4.4 million quarterly over a twelve month period as services were rendered, beginning in the quarter ended December 31, 2020. Marucci Sports, which was acquired in April 2020, entered into an ISA with CGM. Marucci paid CGM an integration service fee of $2.0 million quarterly over a twelve month period as services were rendered, beginning in the quarter ended September 30, 2020. Integration service fees are included in selling, general and administrative expense on the subsidiaries' statement of operations in the period in which they are incurred. Under the ISAs, CGM provides services for new platform acquisitions to, amongst other things, assist the management at the acquired entities in establishing a corporate governance program, implement compliance and reporting requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and align the acquired entity's policies and procedures with our other subsidiaries.
The Company and its businesses have the following significant related party transactions
5.11
Recapitalization - In August 2021, the Company completed a recapitalization of 5.11 whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany loan agreement with 5.11 (the "5.11 Loan Agreement"). The 5.11 Loan Agreement was amended to provide for additional term loan borrowings of $55.0 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC owned 97.7% of the outstanding shares of 5.11 on the date of the distribution and received $53.7 million. The remaining amount of the distribution was paid to minority shareholders.
Related Party Vendor Purchases - 5.11 purchases inventory from a vendor who is a related party to 5.11 through one of the executive officers of 5.11 via the executive's 40% ownership interest in the vendor. 5.11 purchased approximately $0.3 million and $1.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively in inventory from the vendor.
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BOA
Repurchase of Noncontrolling Interest - In September 2021, BOA repurchased shares of its issued and outstanding common shares from its largest minority shareholder for a total payment of $48.0 million, which BOA financed by borrowing under their intercompany credit facility with the LLC (the "BOA Credit Agreement"). The BOA Credit Agreement was amended to (i) provide for additional term loan borrowings of $38.0 million, and (ii) consent to the repurchase of the shares from the minority shareholder. The transaction was accounted for in accordance with ASC 810 - Consolidation, whereby the carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest was adjusted to reflect the change in the ownership interest in BOA that occurred as a result of the share repurchase. The difference between the fair value of the consideration paid of $48.0 million and the amount by which the noncontrolling interest was adjusted of $39.4 million was recognized in equity attributable to the LLC.
Related Party Vendor Purchases - A contract manufacturer used by BOA as the primary supplier of molded injection parts is a noncontrolling shareholder of BOA. BOA had approxim ately $12.7 million and $43.8 million in purchases from this supplier during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively and $11.2 million and $32.8 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
Ergobaby
Recapitalization - In February 2022, the Company completed a recapitalization of Ergobaby whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany loan agreement with Ergobaby (the "Ergo Loan Agreement"). The Ergo Loan Agreement was amended to provide for additional loan borrowings of $61.5 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC owned 81.6% of the outstanding shares of Ergobaby on the date of the distribution and received $50.2 million. The remaining amount of the distribution was paid to minority shareholders.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Item 2 contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities could differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. Additional risks of which we are not currently aware or which we currently deem immaterial could also cause our actual results to differ, including those discussed in the section entitled "Forward-Looking Statements" included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as those risk factors discussed in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
Compass Diversified Holdings ("Holdings", or the "Trust") was incorporated in Delaware on November 18, 2005. Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC (the "LLC") was also formed on November 18, 2005. Holdings and the LLC (collectively, the "Company") were formed to acquire and manage a group of small and middle-market businesses headquartered in North America. The LLC is a controlling owner of eleven businesses, or operating segments, at September 30, 2022. The segments are as follows: 5.11 Acquisition Corp. ("5.11"), Boa Holdings Inc. ("BOA"), The Ergo Baby Carrier, Inc. ("Ergobaby"), Lugano Holdings, Inc., Inc. ("Lugano Diamonds" or "Lugano"), Marucci Sports, LLC ("Marucci" or "Marucci Sports"), PrimaLoft Technologies Holdings, Inc. ("PrimaLoft), Velocity Outdoor, Inc. ("Velocity Outdoor" or "Velocity"), Compass AC Holdings, Inc. ("ACI" or "Advanced Circuits"), FFI Compass, Inc. ("Altor Solutions" or "Altor" (formerly "Foam Fabricators")), AMT Acquisition Corporation ("Arnold"), and The Sterno Group, LLC ("Sterno").
We acquired our existing businesses (segments) that we own at September 30, 2022 as follows:

|  |  |  | Ownership Interest - September 30, 2022
Business |  | Acquisition Date |  | Primary |  | Diluted
Advanced Circuits |  | May 16, 2006 |  | 71.8% |  | 67.6%
Ergobaby |  | September 16, 2010 |  | 81.6% |  | 72.8%
Arnold |  | March 5, 2012 |  | 98.0% |  | 85.5%
Sterno |  | October 10, 2014 |  | 99.4% |  | 90.8%
5.11 |  | August 31, 2016 |  | 97.7% |  | 88.3%
Velocity Outdoor |  | June 2, 2017 |  | 99.4% |  | 87.7%
Altor Solutions |  | February 15, 2018 |  | 100.0% |  | 86.9%
Marucci Sports |  | April 20, 2020 |  | 91.0% |  | 81.9%
BOA |  | October 16, 2020 |  | 91.8% |  | 83.4%
Lugano |  | September 3, 2021 |  | 59.9% |  | 55.4%
PrimaLoft |  | July 12, 2022 |  | 90.7% |  | 90.7%

We categorize our subsidiary businesses we own into two separate groups of businesses: (i) branded consumer businesses, and (ii) niche industrial businesses. Branded consumer businesses are characterized as those businesses that we believe capitalize on a valuable brand name in their respective market sector. We believe that our branded consumer businesses are leaders in their particular product category. Niche industrial businesses are characterized as those businesses that focus on manufacturing and selling particular products and industrial services within a specific market sector. We believe that our niche industrial businesses are leaders in their specific market sector. We recently announced the launch of our healthcare effort as our third grouping of companies that we will acquire, own and manage. We believe healthcare has multiple attractive, high-growth segments with strong industry tailwinds, is an acyclical vertical that will bring diversification and stability to the current group of companies, and has strong alignment with the Company’s existing subsidiary priorities.
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The following is an overview of each of our subsidiary businesses:
Branded Consumer
5.11 - 5.11 is a leading provider of purpose-built technical apparel and gear for law enforcement, firefighters, EMS, and military special operations as well as outdoor and adventure enthusiasts. 5.11 is a brand known for innovation and authenticity, and works directly with end users to create purpose-built apparel, footwear and gear designed to enhance the safety, accuracy, speed and performance of tactical professionals and enthusiasts worldwide. Headquartered in Irvine, California, 5.11 operates sales offices and distribution centers globally, and 5.11 products are widely distributed in uniform stores, military exchanges, outdoor retail stores, its own retail stores and on 511tactical.com.
BOA - BOA Technology, creator of the revolutionary, award-winning, patented BOA Fit System, partners with market-leading brands to make the best gear even better. Delivering fit solutions purpose-built for performance, the BOA Fit System is featured in footwear across snow sports, cycling, outdoor, athletic, workwear as well as performance headwear and medical bracing. The system consists of three integral parts: a micro-adjustable dial, high-tensile lightweight laces, and low friction lace guides combined with unique configuration applications, which together create a superior alternative to laces, buckles, hook and loop (Velcro), and other traditional closure and fit systems. Each configuration is designed and engineered to deliver superior fit and performance, and is backed by The BOA Lifetime Guarantee. BOA is headquartered in Denver, Colorado and has offices in Austria, Greater China, South Korea, and Japan.
Ergobaby - Headquartered in Torrance, California, is a designer, marketer and distributor of wearable baby carriers and accessories, blankets and swaddlers, nursing pillows, strollers and related products. Ergobaby primarily sells its Ergobaby and Baby Tula branded products through brick-and-mortar retailers, national chain stores, online retailers, its own websites and distributors and derives more than half of its sales from outside the United States.
Lugano - Lugano is a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of high-end, one-of-a-kind jewelry sought after by some of the world’s most discerning clientele. Lugano conducts sales via its own retail salons as well as pop-up showrooms at Lugano-hosted or sponsored events in partnership with influential organizations in the equestrian, art and philanthropic community. Lugano is headquartered in Newport Beach, California.
Marucci Sports - Founded in 2009 and headquartered in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Marucci is a leading designer, manufacturer, and marketer of premium wood and metal baseball bats, fielding gloves, batting gloves, bags, grips, protective gear, sunglasses, on and off-field apparel, and other baseball and softball equipment used by professional and amateur athletes. Marucci also develops retail and sports training facilities, both as a corporate owned entity as well as licensing these facilities as franchises. Marucci products are available through owned websites, their team sales organization, Big Box Retailers, and third party e-commerce & resellers.
PrimaLoft - PrimaLoft Technologies is a leading provider of branded, high-performance synthetic insulation and materials used primarily in consumer outerwear, and accessories. The portfolio of PrimaLoft synthetic insulations offers products that can both mimic natural down aesthetics and provide the freedom to design garments ranging from stylish puffers to lightweight performance apparel. PrimaLoft insulations also offer superior economics to the brand partner and enable better sustainability characteristics through the use of recycled, low-carbon inputs. PrimaLoft is headquartered in Latham, New York.
Velocity Outdoor - A leading designer, manufacturer, and marketer of airguns, archery products, laser aiming devices, hunting apparel and related accessories, Velocity Outdoor offers its products under the highly recognizable Crosman, Benjamin, LaserMax, Ravin and CenterPoint and King's brands that are available through national retail chains, mass merchants, dealer and distributor networks. The airgun product category consists of air rifles, air pistols and a range of accessories including targets, holsters and cases. Velocity Outdoor's other primary product categories are archery, with products including CenterPoint and Ravin crossbows, consumables, which includes steel and plastic BBs, lead pellets and CO2 cartridges, lasers for firearms, and airsoft products. The apparel category offers high-performance, feature rich hunting and casual apparel of uncompromised quality utilizing King’s own proprietary camo patterns.Velocity Outdoor is headquartered in Bloomfield, New York.
Niche Industrial
Advanced Circuits - Advanced Circuits is a provider of small-run, quick-turn and volume production printed circuit boards ("PCBs") to customers throughout the United States. Historically, small-run and quick-turn PCBs have represented approximately 50% - 55% of Advanced Circuits’ gross sales. Small-run and quick-turn PCBs typically
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command higher margins than volume production PCBs given that customers require high levels of responsiveness, technical support and timely delivery of small-run and quick-turn PCBs and are willing to pay a premium for them. Advanced Circuits is able to meet its customers’ demands by manufacturing custom PCBs in as little as 24 hours, while maintaining over 98.0% error-free production rates and real-time customer service and product tracking 24 hours per day. Advanced Circuits is headquartered in Aurora, Colorado.
Altor Solutions - Founded in 1957 and headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona, Altor Solutions is a designer and manufacturer of custom molded protective foam solutions and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) components made from expanded polystyrene (EPS) and expanded polypropylene (EPP). Altor operates 16 molding and fabricating facilities across North America and provides products to a variety of end-markets, including appliances and electronics, pharmaceuticals, health and wellness, automotive, building products and others.
Arnold - Arnold serves a variety of markets including aerospace and defense, general industrial, motorsport/ transportation, oil and gas, medical, energy, reprographics and advertising specialties. Over the course of more than 100 years, Arnold has successfully evolved and adapted our products, technologies, and manufacturing presence to meet the demands of current and emerging markets. Arnold engineers solutions for and produces high performance permanent magnets (PMAG), stators, rotors and full electric motors ("Ramco"), precision foil products (Precision Thin Metals or "PTM"), and flexible magnets (Flexmag™) that are mission critical in motors, generators, sensors and other systems and components. Based on its long-term relationships, Arnold has built a diverse and blue-chip customer base totaling more than 2,000 customers and leading systems-integrators worldwide with a focus on North America, Europe, and Asia. Arnold has built a preferred rare earth supply chain and has leading rare earth and other permanent magnet production capabilities. Arnold is the largest and, we believe, the most technically advanced U.S. solutions provider and manufacturer of engineered magnetic systems. Arnold is headquartered in Rochester, New York.
Sterno - Sterno, headquartered in Corona, California, is the parent company of Sterno LLC ("Sterno Products"), Sterno Home Inc. ("Sterno Home"), and Rimports Inc. ("Rimports"). Sterno is a leading manufacturer and marketer of portable food warming systems, creative indoor and outdoor lighting, and home fragrance solutions for the consumer markets. Sterno offers a broad range of wick and gel chafing systems, butane stoves and accessories, liquid and traditional wax candles, catering equipment and lamps through Sterno Products, flameless candles and outdoor lighting products through Sterno Home, and scented wax cubes and warmer products used for home decor and fragrance systems through Rimports. During 2021, Sterno made the strategic decision to incorporate the product lines of Sterno Home into Rimports.
While our subsidiary businesses have different growth opportunities and potential rates of growth, we actively work with the management teams of each of our subsidiary businesses to increase the value of, and cash generated by, each business through various initiatives, including making selective capital investments to expand geographic reach, increase capacity or reduce manufacturing costs of our subsidiary businesses; improving and expanding existing sales and marketing programs; and assisting in the acquisition and integration of complementary businesses.
Significant Trends Impacting Our Subsidiary Businesses
Macroeconomic Trends
We continue to experience inflationary cost increases in our materials, labor and transportation costs. We expect that these inflationary cost increases will continue but will be partially mitigated by pricing actions implemented in the prior year, as well as those that we have implemented in 2022. However, t here has been, and we expect there could continue to be, a difference between the timing of when these pricing and other actions impact our results of operations and when the impact of cost inflation occurs. We expect changing market conditions and continued inflationary pressures to impact consumer spendin g, particularly for discretionary items purchased by low and middle income consumers. With price pressures unlikely to abate and expected changes in monetary policies, we expect consumer spending to be negatively impacted during the remainder of 2022 and during 2023. We expect continued uncertainty in our business and the global economy due to inflation, changes in consumer spending patterns, and global supply chain disruptions. Accordingly, our liquidity and financial results could be impacted in ways that we are not able to predict today.
Global Supply Chain Trends
The disruption in the global supply chain due to transportation delays and U.S. port congestion continued into the first half of 2022. During the third quarter of 2022 we saw these disruptions and delays begin to moderate
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somewhat. While there has been some improvement we expect to have a negative impact on several of our subsidiary businesses for the remainder of the year. During 2022, several of our companies relied on expensive air freight to import goods to meet customer demand. We are also seeing the availability of raw materials, components and finished goods impacted by the supply chain challenges which has led to shortages of certain materials and led to pressure on revenue growth. In addition, the closure of certain Asian manufacturing facilities as a result of local government quarantine efforts has impacted our ability to import products timely. We have taken actions to build capacity as well as increase our supply chain related resources. Further, in the U.S., the surge in demand along with COVID-19 related labor shortages and rising hourly labor wages, are creating labor shortages and higher labor costs. We expect these cost trends to continue through 2022.
COVID-19 Update
The continued spread of COVID-19 and new variants of the virus around the world continue to present significant risks to our business. The economic and health conditions in the United States and across most of the globe have continued to change since the beginning of the pandemic and the ultimate impact of COVID-19 on our business is dependent on future developments, including the duration of the pandemic, the emergence of variants of the virus and the related length of its impact on the global economy, which are highly uncertain and difficult to accurately predict. The public health situation, global response measures and corresponding impacts on various markets remain fluid and uncertain. The health of our team and various stakeholders is our highest priority, and we have taken multiple steps to provide support and a safe work environment. The Company anticipates that COVID-19 will continue to impact the results of operations, including a potential decrease in gross margins, operating income and Adjusted EBITDA at certain of our subsidiary businesses during the remainder of 2022 and into 2023.
Business Outlook
The Company anticipates that the areas of focus for the remainder of 2022, which are generally applicable to each of our businesses, include:
•Pursuing sales growth through a combination of new product development, increasing distribution, new customer acquisitions and international expansion;
•Raising prices where appropriate on our goods due to rising input costs to preserve operating margins,
•Taking market share, where possible, in each of our niche market leading companies, generally at the expense of less well capitalized competitors;
•Striving for excellence in supply chain management, manufacturing and technological capabilities;
•Continuing to pursue expense reduction and cost savings in lower margin business lines or in response to lower production volume;
•Continuing to pursue growth through disciplined, strategic acquisitions and rigorous integration processes; and
•Working to drive free cash flow through increased net income and effective working capital management, enabling continued investment in our businesses.
Recent Events
Acquisition of PrimaLoft
On July 12, 2022, the LLC, through its newly formed acquisition subsidiary, Relentless Intermediate, Inc. ("PrimaLoft Buyer"), acquired PrimaLoft Technologies Holdings, Inc. (“PrimaLoft”) pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “PrimaLoft Purchase Agreement”), dated June 4, 2022, by and between PrimaLoft Buyer and VP PrimaLoft Holdings, LLC ("PrimaLoft Seller"). The total purchase price, including proceeds from noncontrolling shareholders, was approximately $530 million, before working capital and other customary adjustments. The Company funded the acquisition through a draw on its revolving credit facility and a draw in full on its new $400 million term loan facility.
PrimaLoft, Inc. is a branded, advanced material technology company based in Latham, New York and is a leader in the research and innovative development of high-performance material solutions, specializing in insulations and fabrics. PrimaLoft® insulation was originally developed for the U.S. Army as a water-resistant, synthetic alternative to down. Since 1983, a heritage of proven & tested technologies has built trust across the textile industry, with more than 950 global brands using PrimaLoft products in outdoor, lifestyle, home furnishings, work wear, hunting and military applications. With its Relentlessly Responsible™ mission, PrimaLoft strives to balance innovation, performance and sustainability in the pursuit of a better future.
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2022 Credit Facility
On July 12, 2022, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement to amend and restate the 2021 Credit Facility. The 2022 Credit Facility provides for revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit (the "2022 Revolving Line of Credit") up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million (the "2022 Revolving Loan Commitment") and a $400 million term loan (the “2022 Term Loan”). The 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly payments ranging from $2.5 million to $7.5 million, commencing September 30, 2022, with a final payment of all remaining principal and interest due on July 12, 2027, which is the 2022 Term Loan’s maturity date. All amounts outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit will become due on July 12, 2027, which is the termination date of the 2022 Revolving Loan Commitment. The 2022 Credit Facility also permits the LLC, prior to the applicable maturity date, to increase the 2022 Revolving Loan Commitment and/or obtain additional term loans in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. On the closing date for the 2022 Credit Facility, the 2022 Term Loan was advanced in full and the initial borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit were $115 million. We used the initial proceeds from the 2022 Credit Facility to pay all amounts outstanding under the 2021 Credit Facility, pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the 2022 Credit Facility and fund the acquisition of PrimaLoft.
Advanced Circuits Merger Agreement
On October 13, 2021, the LLC, as the Sellers Representative of the holders of stock and options of Advanced Circuits, a majority owned subsidiary of the LLC, entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "AC Agreement") with Tempo Automation, Inc. (“AC Buyer”), Aspen Acquisition Sub, Inc. (“AC Merger Sub”) and Advanced Circuits, pursuant to which AC Buyer would acquire all of the issued and outstanding securities of Advanced Circuits, the parent company of the operating entity, Advanced Circuits, Inc., through a merger of AC Merger Sub with and into Advanced Circuits, with Advanced Circuits surviving the merger and becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of AC Buyer (the “AC Merger”). The AC Merger was conditioned on, among other things, the closing of a business combination between AC Buyer and a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company (a “SPAC”). In connection with the AC Merger, AC Buyer announced its entry into a definitive merger agreement for a business combination (the “SPAC Transaction”) with a SPAC, ACE Convergence Acquisition Corp. (“ACE”). The AC Agreement also provided that the AC Agreement could be terminated in the event closing of the AC Merger did not occur prior to January 27, 2022 (the "End Date"). A description of the AC Agreement was included in the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company on October 14, 2021. Advanced Circuits was initially classified as held for sale in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2021.
Due to a delay in closing the SPAC Transaction, the AC Merger did not close on or before the End Date. Because of the delay in closing the SPAC Transaction, on July 29, 2022, the LLC and Advanced Circuits provided the notice of termination of the AC Agreement to AC Buyer. No termination penalties were incurred by either party in connection with the termination of the AC Agreement. The termination of the AC Agreement occurred in the third quarter of 2022 and, in accordance with applicable accounting guidance, Advanced Circuits was reclassified to continuing operations beginning in the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
"U.S. GAAP" or "GAAP" refer to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. A non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of historical or future performance, financial position or cash flow that excludes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that effectively exclude amounts, included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in our financial statements, and vice versa for measures that include amounts, or are subject to adjustments that effectively include amounts, that are excluded from the most directly comparable measure as calculated and presented.
See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further discussion of our non-GAAP financial measures and related reconciliations.
Results of Operations
The following discussion reflects a comparison of the historical results of operations of our consolidated business for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021, and components of the results of operations as well as those components presented as a percent of net revenues, for each of our subsidiary businesses on a stand-alone basis.
In the following results of operations, we provide (i) our actual Consolidated Results of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, which includes the historical results of operations of each of our
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subsidiary businesses (operating segments) from the date of acquisition in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("US GAAP), and (ii) comparative historical components of the results of operations for each of our subsidiary businesses on a stand-alone basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, where all periods presented include relevant pro forma adjustments for pre-acquisition periods and explanations where applicable. For the acquisition of Lugano in September 2021 and PrimaLoft in July 2022, the pro forma results of operations for the Lugano and PrimaLoft business segments have been prepared as if we purchased these businesses on January 1, 2021. We believe this is the most meaningful comparison for the operating results of acquired business segments. The following results of operations at each of our subsidiary businesses are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full year.
All dollar amounts in the financial tables are presented in thousands. References in the financial tables to percentage changes that are not meaningful are denoted by "NM."
Results of Operations - Consolidated
The following table sets forth our unaudited results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021:

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
(in thousands) | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net revenues | $ | 597,607 |  |  | $ | 488,158 |  |  | $ | 1,669,123 |  |  | $ | 1,372,266 |
Cost of revenues | 358,291 |  |  | 296,027 |  |  | 996,210 |  |  | 818,307 |
Gross profit | 239,316 |  |  | 192,131 |  |  | 672,913 |  |  | 553,959 |
Selling, general and administrative expense | 148,700 |  |  | 118,818 |  |  | 403,428 |  |  | 337,815 |
Fees to manager | 16,717 |  |  | 12,398 |  |  | 46,304 |  |  | 34,504 |
Amortization of intangibles | 25,152 |  |  | 19,056 |  |  | 67,191 |  |  | 56,502 |
Operating income | 48,747 |  |  | 41,859 |  |  | 155,990 |  |  | 125,138 |
Interest expense | (22,799) |  |  | (13,855) |  |  | (57,737) |  |  | (42,607) |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | (1,004) |  |  | (759) |  |  | (2,735) |  |  | (2,167) |
Loss on debt extinguishment | (534) |  |  | — |  |  | (534) |  |  | (33,305) |
Other income (expense) | (2,141) |  |  | 1,031 |  |  | 606 |  |  | (1,906) |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 22,269 |  |  | 28,276 |  |  | 95,590 |  |  | 45,153 |
Provision for income taxes | 21,163 |  |  | 9,556 |  |  | 39,201 |  |  | 24,662 |
Net income from continuing operations | $ | 1,106 |  |  | $ | 18,720 |  |  | $ | 56,389 |  |  | $ | 20,491 |

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net revenues
Consolidated net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2022 increased by approximately $109.4 million, or 22.4%, compared to the corresponding period in 2021. Our Lugano business, which we acquired in September 2021, contributed $40.3 million in incremental net revenue in the third quarter of 2022, and PrimaLoft, which we acquired in July 2022, contributed $10.7 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 2021, we also saw significant increases in net sales at 5.11 ($15.4 million increase), BOA ($10.5 million increase), Marucci ($17.7 million increase), Arnold ($2.5 million increase), and Altor Solutions ($25.5 million increase), partially offset by a decrease in net revenue at Velocity Outdoor ($1.4 million decrease) and Sterno ($12.2 million decrease). Add-on acquisitions at Marucci (Lizard Skins in October 2021) and Altor (Plymouth Foam in October 2021) contributed to the growth in revenue at these businesses in the third quarter of 2022. Historically, the third and fourth quarters have been seasonably stronger than the first half of the year in earnings for certain of our subsidiary businesses. On a consolidated level, our subsidiary businesses were able to increase revenue in the third quarter of 2022 as compared to the prior year as a result of acquisitions and continued strong performance despite increasing economic uncertainty and inflationary pressure. We expect our fourth quarter 2022 results of operations will be negatively impacted as inflationary pressures continue in the fourth quarter and will reduce
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demand and discretionary consumer spending in certain of our branded consumer and niche industrial businesses. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segments" for a more detailed analysis of net revenues by subsidiary business segment.
We do not generate any revenues apart from those generated by the subsidiary businesses we own and manage. We may generate interest income on the investment of available funds, but we expect such earnings to be minimal. We make loans from the LLC to our subsidiary businesses, and also hold equity interests in those companies. Cash flows coming to the Trust and the LLC are the result of interest payments on those loans, amortization of those loans and dividends on our equity ownership. However, on a consolidated basis, these items will be eliminated.
Cost of revenues
On a consolidated basis, cost of revenues increased approximately $62.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the corresponding period in 2021. Our Lugano business contributed $21.3 million of the increase in cost of revenues for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 and our PrimaLoft business contributed $5.3 million of the increase in cost of revenues for the quarter ended September 30, 2022. We also saw notable increases in cost of revenues at 5.11 ($7.6 million increase), BOA ($4.6 million increase), Marucci ($7.1 million increase), Altor ($21.8 million increase), and Arnold ($0.7 million increase) that correspond to the revenue increases noted above. We also saw a decrease in cost of revenues at Sterno ($9.0 million decrease) that corresponded to the decrease in revenue noted above. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues was approximately 40.0% in the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 39.4% in the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in the quarter ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2021 is primarily attributable to the acquisition of Lugano in September 2021 and the implementation of price increases at most of our subsidiary businesses in response to rising costs. Most of our subsidiary businesses continue to experience increased material, labor and transportation costs. The gross margins at both our branded consumer businesses and our niche industrial businesses have been impa cted by globa l supply chain constraints and inflation that is leading to pressure on revenue and costs. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segment s" for a more detailed analysis of gross profit by subsidiary business segment.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Consolidated selling, general and administrative expense increased approximately $29.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to the corresponding period in 2021. A portion of the increase in selling general and administrative expense in the third quarter of 2022 is due to our Lugano acquisition in September 2021 ($6.6 million of the increase) and our PrimaLoft acquisition in July 2022 ($10.2 million of the increase, of which $5.7 million was attributable to acquisition costs). We also saw increases in selling, general and administrative expenses at Marucci and Altor related to the add-on acquisitions that occurred in the fourth quarter of 2021, as well as increased investment in marketing and headcount at several of our subsidiary businesses with increased revenues. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segments" for a more detailed analysis of selling, general and administrative expense by subsidiary business segment. At the corporate level, general and administrative expense was $3.9 million in the third quarter of 2022 and $3.7 million in the third quarter of 2021.
Fees to manager
Pursuant to the Management Services Agreement ("MSA"), we pay CGM a quarterly management fee equal to 0.5% (2.0% annually) of our consolidated adjusted net assets. We accrue for the management fee on a quarterly basis. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, we incurred approximately $16.7 million in management fees as compared to $12.4 million in fees in the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in Management fees is primarily attributable to our acquisition of PrimaLoft in July 2022. CGM had entered into a waiver of the MSA for a period through December 31, 2021 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to BOA, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee paid in the third quarter of 2021 than would have normally been due. CGM also entered into a waiver of the MSA for a period through June 30, 2023 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to PrimaLoft, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee paid in the third quarter of 2022 than would have normally been due.
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Amortization expense
Amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 increased $6.1 million as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 as a result of the amortization expense associated with the intangibles that were recognized in conjunction with the purchase price allocation for Lugano, which was acquired in September 2021, and PrimaLoft, which was acquired in July 2022.
Interest expense
We recorded interest expense totaling $22.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $13.9 million for the comparable period in 2021, an increase of $8.9 million. The increase in interest expense in the current quarter reflects higher amounts outstanding on our revolving credit facility in the current year, the interest expense associated with our new $400 million 2022 Term Loan that we entered into in July 2022 in connection with our acquisition of PrimaLoft, the interest expense associated with our 2032 Notes entered into in November 2021, and the higher interest rate environment in the current quarter versus the comparable quarter in the prior year.
Other income (expense)
For the quarter ended September 30, 2022, we recorded $2.1 million in other expense as compared to $1.0 million in other income in the quarter ended September 30, 2021, an increase in expense of $3.2 million. Other incom e (expense) typically reflects the movement in foreign currency at our subsidiary businesses with international operations, gains or (losses) realized on the sale of property, plant and equipment, and expenses incurred or income earned that are not considered a part of our operations.
Income taxes
We had an income tax provision of $21.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to an income tax provision of $9.6 million during the same period in 2021, an increase of $11.6 million. Our income before income taxes for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 decreased by approximately $6.0 million as compared to the prior year quarter. On September 1, 2021, the Trust elected to “check-the-box” to have the Trust treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In connection with the classification of Advanced Circuits as held-for sale in the fourth quarter of 2021, the Trust recognized a deferred tax asset of $12.1 million at December 31, 2021. As a result of the reclassification of Advanced Circuits from held-for-sale to continuing operations in the third quarter of 2022, the losses incurred at the Trust subsequent to September 1, 2021 related to the corporate overhead and management fees resulted in the recording of a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset and corresponding income tax expense at September 30, 2022.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net revenues
Consolidated net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased by approximately $296.9 million, or 21.6%, compared to the corresponding period in 2021. Our Lugano business, which we acquired in September 2021, contributed $126.4 million in net revenue in the first nine months of 2022, and our PrimaLoft business, which we acquired in July 2022, contributed $10.7 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we also saw significant increases in net sales at 5.11 ($29.6 million increase), BOA ($46.2 million increase), Marucci ($36.2 million increase), Arnold ($14.4 million increase), and Altor Solutions ($77.0 million increase), partially offset by a decrease in net revenue at Velocity Outdoor ($25.1 million decrease) and Sterno ($17.7 million decrease). Add-on acquisitions at Marucci (Lizard Skins in October 2021), Altor (Plymouth Foam in October 2021) and Arnold (Ramco Motors in March 2021) contributed to the growth in revenue at these businesses during the first nine months of 2022. During the comparable period in 2021, we saw notable increases in revenue at several of our branded consumer businesses as a result of an increased consumer focus on outdoor related brands during the pandemic. Historically, the third and fourth quarters have been seasonably stronger than the first half of the year in earnings for certain of our subsidiary businesses. On a consolidated level, our subsidiary businesses were able to increase revenue in the third quarter of 2022 as compared to the prior year as a result of acquisitions and continued strong performance despite increasing economic uncertainty and inflationary pressure. We expect the fourth quarter of 2022 results of operations will be negatively impacted as inflationary pressures continue in the fourth quarter and will reduce demand and discretionary consumer spending in certain of our branded consumer and niche industrial businesses. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segments" for a more detailed analysis of net revenues by business segment.
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We do not generate any revenues apart from those generated by the subsidiary businesses we own and manage. We may generate interest income on the investment of available funds, but we expect such earnings to be minimal. We make loans from the LLC to our subsidiary businesses, and also hold equity interests in those companies. Cash flows coming to the Trust and the LLC are the result of interest payments on those loans, amortization of those loans and dividends on our equity ownership. However, on a consolidated basis, these items will be eliminated.
Cost of revenues
On a consolidated basis, cost of revenues increased approximately $177.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the corresponding period in 2021. Our Lugano business contributed $64.3 million of the increase in cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. We also saw notable increases in cost of revenues at 5.11 ($13.2 million increase), Marucci ($23.7 million increase), Altor ($64.7 million increase), and Arnold ($8.3 million increase) that correspond to the revenue increases noted above. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues was approximately 40.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 40.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The gross margins at both our branded consumer businesses and our niche industrial businesses have been impa cted by globa l supply chain constraints and inflation that is leading to pressure on revenue and costs. Our subsidiary businesses have implemented price increases in order to offset these rising costs which have positively impacted gross margins in 2022. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segment s" for a more detailed analysis of gross profit by business segment.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Consolidated selling, general and administrative expense increased approximately $65.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to the corresponding period in 2021. A portion of the increase in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is due to our Lugano acquisition in September 2021 ($23.7 million of the increase) and our PrimaLoft acquisition in July 2022 ($10.2 million of the increase, of which $5.7 million was attributable to acquisition costs). We also saw increases in selling, general and administrative expenses at Marucci and Altor related to the add-on acquisitions that occurred in the fourth quarter of 2021, as well as increased investment in marketing and headcount at several of our subsidiary businesses with increased revenues. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segments" for a more detailed analysis of selling, general and administrative expense by subsidiary business segment. At the corporate level, general and administrative expense was $11.0 million in the first nine months of 2022 and $11.7 million in the first nine months of 2021. In the prior year, we incurred additional expense from professional fees at the corporate level related to the Trust's election to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Fees to manager
Pursuant to the Management Services Agreement ("MSA"), we pay CGM a quarterly management fee equal to 0.5% (2.0% annually) of our consolidated adjusted net assets. We accrue for the management fee on a quarterly basis. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we incurred approximately $46.3 million in management fees as compared to $34.5 million in fees in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in Management fees is primarily attributable to our acquisitions of Lugano in September 2021 and PrimaLoft in July 2022, as well as several add-on acquisitions in the fourth quarter of 2021, offset by our sale of Liberty in August 2021. CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for a period through June 30, 2023 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to PrimaLoft, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee paid in the third quarter of 2022 than would have normally been due. CGM also had entered into a waiver of the MSA for a period through December 31, 2021 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to BOA, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee paid in the first half of 2021 than would have normally been due. In the first quarter of 2021, the LLC and CGM entered into a waiver agreement whereby CGM agreed to waive the portion of the management fee related to the amount of the cash proceeds deposited with the Trustee that was in excess of the amount payable related to the 2026 Notes at March 31, 2021. Additionally, CGM had entered into a waiver of the MSA at March 31, 2022 and June 30, 2022 to exclude the cash balances held at the LLC from the calculation of the management fee.
Amortization expense
Amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased $10.7 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as a result of the amortization expense associated with the intangibles that were recognized in conjunction with the purchase price allocation for Lugano, which was acquired in September 2021, and PrimaLoft, which was acquired in July 2022.
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Interest expense
We recorded interest expense totaling $57.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $42.6 million for the comparable period in 2021, an increase of $15.1 million. The increase in interest expense in the current year reflects the higher amount outstanding on our senior notes during the current year after we redeemed $600.0 million of 8.000% 2026 Senior Notes and issued $1000.0 million of 5.250% 2029 Senior Notes in March of 2021, and issued $300.0 million of 5.000% 2032 Senior Notes in November 2021 and higher amounts outstanding on our revolving credit facility in the current year, as well as the interest expense associated with our new $400 million 2022 Term Loan that we entered into in July 2022 in connection with our acquisition of PrimaLoft. Current year interest expense also reflects the higher interest rate environment applicable to the amounts outstanding under our credit facility. While the actual timing and extent of the future increases in interest rates remains unknown, higher long-term interest rates are expected to increase interest expense on the debt outstanding under our 2022 Credit Facility.
Other income (expense)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded $0.6 million in other income as compared to $1.9 million in other expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an increase in income of $2.5 million. Other incom e (expense) typically reflects the movement in foreign currency at our subsidiary businesses with international operations, gains or (losses) realized on the sale of property, plant and equipment, and expenses incurred or income earned that are not considered a part of our operations.
Income taxes
We had an income tax provision of $39.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to an income tax provision of $24.7 million during the same period in 2021. Our income before income taxes in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased $50.4 million as compared to the income before income taxes in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. In the prior year comparable period, we had income from operations before income taxes of $45.2 million, which included a $33.3 million loss on debt extinguishment that we recognized associated with the repayment of our $600 million 2026 Senior Notes. The loss on debt extinguishment was incurred at the Trust, which at the time was taxed as a partnership for income tax purposes and did not impact the income tax provision in the prior year. In the current period, our provision was driven by the acquisitions of Lugano in September 2021, and an increase in earnings at several of our subsidiary businesses during the year, particularly 5.11 and BOA as the tax provision reflects an annual effective tax rate at our subsidiaries, the effect of state and local taxes and the related allocation of income, and the losses at our parent company, which was previously taxed as a partnership. On September 1, 2021, the Trust elected to “check-the-box” to have the Trust treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In connection with the classification of Advanced Circuits as held-for sale in the fourth quarter of 2021, the Trust recognized a deferred tax asset of $12.1 million at December 31, 2021. As a result of the reclassification of Advanced Circuits from held-for-sale to continuing operations in the third quarter of 2022, the losses incurred at the Trust subsequent to September 1, 2021 related to the corporate overhead and management fees resulted in the recording of a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset and corresponding income tax expense at September 30, 2022 .
Results of Operations - Business Segments
Branded Consumer Businesses
5.11

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 126,537 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 111,099 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 350,608 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 321,009 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 67,202 |  |  | 53.1 | % |  | $ | 59,332 |  |  | 53.4 | % |  | $ | 186,487 |  |  | 53.2 | % |  | $ | 170,048 |  |  | 53.0 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 52,669 |  |  | 41.6 | % |  | $ | 46,788 |  |  | 42.1 | % |  | $ | 148,861 |  |  | 42.5 | % |  | $ | 134,773 |  |  | 42.0 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 12,091 |  |  | 9.6 | % |  | $ | 10,088 |  |  | 9.1 | % |  | $ | 30,301 |  |  | 8.6 | % |  | $ | 27,893 |  |  | 8.7 | %

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Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $126.5 million as compared to net sales of $111.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $15.4 million, or 13.9%. This increase is due in part to a $6.9 million, or 14.5%, increase in direct-to-consumer sales largely due to growth in retail store count, as well as an increase in comparable sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to the same period last year. Additionally, the increase in sales was driven by a $4.4 million, or 10.9%, increase in domestic wholesale sales, in part a result of backorder fulfillment and strong demand, as well as an increase of $4.3 million, or 20%, in international channel sales due to inventory availability and strong demand, particularly in Europe and Mexico.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 53.1% in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 53.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit percentage for the three months ended September 30, 2022, was favorably impacted by price increases. The positive impact of the price increase was partially offset by continued increases in inbound ocean and air freight charges during the period due to logistic challenges, which we expect to moderate during the remainder of the year.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $52.7 million, or 41.6% of net sales compared to $46.8 million, or 42.1% of net sales for the comparable period in 2021. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the prior year comparable period was driven by the costs associated with additional retail stores, increased sales and marketing spend to drive digital sales, and increased travel and entertainment spend coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in stock-based compensation due to fewer current year grants, the full vesting of previous years option grants and bonus related expenses.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $12.1 million, an increase of $2.0 million when compared to segment operating income of $10.1 million for the same period in 2021, based on the factors described above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $350.6 million as compared to net sales of $321.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $29.6 million, or 9.2%. This increase is due in part to direct-to-consumer sales growth of $13.1 million, up 9.6%, from the prior year comparable period. Retail sales grew largely due to store count growth, as well as positive growth in same-store sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to the same period last year. Net sales were also positively impacted by a $10.6 million, or 18.3%, increase in international sales due to inventory availability to meet strong demand, a $6.4 million, or 5.5%, increase in domestic wholesale sales growth following the fulfillment of backorders and strong demand, and $2.6 million, or 258%, increase in direct-to-agency sales following the completion of a large agency contract.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 53.2% in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 53.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit percentage was favorably impacted by price increases, which was offset by continued increases in inbound ocean and air freight charges during the period due to logistic challenges. We expect the logistics challenges to mitigate during the remainder of the year.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $148.9 million, or 42.5% of net sales compared to $134.8 million, or 42.0% of net sales for the comparable period in 2021. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the prior year comparable period was driven by the costs associated with additional retail stores,
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increased sales and marketing spend to drive digital sales, and increased travel and entertainment spend coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in variable marketplace expenses based on decreased sales in the wholesale channel, as well as a decrease in stock-based compensation and bonus related expenses.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $30.3 million, an increase of $2.4 million when compared to segment operating income of $27.9 million for the same period in 2021, based on the factors described above.
BOA

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 50,019 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 39,496 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 166,215 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 120,033 |  |  | 100.0%
Gross profit |  | $ | 29,875 |  |  | 59.7% |  | $ | 23,950 |  |  | 60.6% |  | $ | 101,973 |  |  | 61.4% |  | $ | 74,491 |  |  | 62.1%
SG&A |  | $ | 12,725 |  |  | 25.4% |  | $ | 12,696 |  |  | 32.1% |  | $ | 39,223 |  |  | 23.6% |  | $ | 36,450 |  |  | 30.4%
Segment operating income |  | $ | 12,975 |  |  | 25.9% |  | $ | 7,091 |  |  | 18.0% |  | $ | 50,237 |  |  | 30.2% |  | $ | 25,798 |  |  | 21.5%

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $50.0 million as compared to net sales of $39.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $10.5 million, or 26.6%. The increase was reflected across key industries including Snow Sports, Outdoor, Athletic and Workwear. The three factors impacting their growth rates were market share gains, increased consumer participation as well as accelerated production ordering by BOA’s customers due to longer lead times resulting from overall global supply chain constraints.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 59.7% in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 60.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was driven by product mix.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $12.7 million, or 25.4% of net sales compared to $12.7 million, or 32.1% of net sales for the comparable period in 2021. Selling, general, and administrative expense was flat quarter over quarter, with increased employee costs related to incremental headcount and marketing investments offset by $1.1 million in integration services fees paid to CGM that did not recur in the current quarter.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $13.0 million, an increase of $5.9 million when compared to segment operating income of $7.1 million for the same period in 2021, based on the factors described above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $166.2 million as compared to net sales of $120.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $46.2 million, or 38.5%. The increase was reflected across key industries including Snow Sports, Outdoor, Athletic and Workwear. The three factors impacting their growth rates were market share gains, increased consumer participation as well as accelerated production ordering by BOA’s customers due to longer lead times resulting from overall global supply chain constraints.
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Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 61.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 62.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was driven by product mix.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $39.2 million, or 23.6% of net sales compared to $36.5 million, or 30.4% of net sales for the comparable period in 2021. The increase in selling, general, and administrative expense is due to increased employee costs related to BOA's bonus plan, incremental headcount and marketing investments. Selling general and administrative expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 included $3.3 million in integration services fees paid to CGM that did not recur in the current year.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $50.2 million, an increase of $24.4 million when compared to income from operations of $25.8 million for the same period in 2021, based on the factors described above.
Ergobaby

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 21,540 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 19,816 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 68,256 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 69,100 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 13,157 |  |  | 61.1 | % |  | $ | 13,121 |  |  | 66.2 | % |  | $ | 42,129 |  |  | 61.7 | % |  | $ | 45,977 |  |  | 66.5 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 10,576 |  |  | 49.1 | % |  | $ | 10,892 |  |  | 55.0 | % |  | $ | 32,302 |  |  | 47.3 | % |  | $ | 33,869 |  |  | 49.0 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 593 |  |  | 2.8 | % |  | $ | 246 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | $ | 3,866 |  |  | 5.7 | % |  | $ | 5,964 |  |  | 8.6 | %

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $21.5 million, an increase of $1.7 million, or 8.7%, compared to the same period in 2021. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, international sales were approximately $14.6 million, representing an increase of $3.0 million over the corresponding period in 2021, primarily as a res ult of consistent orders to the Asia-Pacific region in 2022 as compared to 2021 when we saw delayed production orders to the region due to COVID-19. Domestic sales were $6.9 million in the third quarter of 2022, reflecting a decrease of $1.3 million compared to the corresponding period in 2021. The decrease in domestic sales was primarily attributable to continued softness in Tula brand sales and a hold on orders to a large domestic retailer.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 61.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to 66.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of sales was du e to shifts in channel mix, product mix, increased material costs as well as the impact of changing foreign exchange rates in the European Union.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $0.3 million quarter over quarter, with expense of $10.6 million, or 49.1% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $10.9 million or 55.0% of net sales for the same period of 2021. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expense in the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the comparable period in the prior year is due to favorable payroll expense.
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Segment operating income
Ergobaby had segment operating income of $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $0.3 million compared to the same period in 2021, based on the factors noted above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $68.3 million, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 1.2%, compared to the same period in 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, international sales were approximately $43.3 million, representing an increase of $0.3 million over the corresponding period in 2021, primarily as a result of the timing of sales to Asia-Pacific distributors and Canada specialty account sales. Domestic sales were $25.0 million in the first nine months of 2022, reflecting a decrease of $1.0 million compared to the corresponding period in 2021. The decrease in domestic sales was primarily attributable to lower Tula e-commerce sales versus the prior year.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 61.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to 66.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of sales was du e to channel mix shifts, increased material costs, increased inbound freight (including air freight) as a result of supply chain shortages, as well as the impact of changing foreign exchange rates in the European Union.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $1.6 million year over year, with expense of $32.3 million, or 47.3% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $33.9 million or 49.0% of net sales for the same period of 2021. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the comparable period in the prior yea r is due to favorable payroll expenses.
Segment operating income
Ergobaby had segment operating income of $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, a decrease of $2.1 million compared to the same period in 2021, based on the factors noted above.
Lugano
In the following results of operations, we provide comparative pro forma results of operations for Lugano for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 as if we had acquired the business on January 1, 2021. The results of operations that follows include relevant pro-forma adjustments for pre-acquisition periods and explanations where applicable. The ope rating results for Lugano have been included in the consolidated results of operation from the date of acquisition in September 2021.

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
|  |  |  |  |  | Pro forma |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Pro forma |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 51,145 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 29,498 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 137,229 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 81,881 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 24,207 |  |  | 47.3 | % |  | $ | 14,196 |  |  | 48.1 | % |  | $ | 67,286 |  |  | 49.0 | % |  | $ | 40,129 |  |  | 49.0 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 10,145 |  |  | 19.8 | % |  | $ | 7,113 |  |  | 24.1 | % |  | $ | 27,208 |  |  | 19.8 | % |  | $ | 14,671 |  |  | 17.9 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 12,635 |  |  | 24.7 | % |  | $ | 6,895 |  |  | 23.4 | % |  | $ | 35,885 |  |  | 26.1 | % |  | $ | 24,895 |  |  | 30.4 | %

Pro forma results of operations include the following pro form adjustments as if we had acquired Lugano January 1, 2021:
•Management fees that would have been payable to the Manager during each period.
55

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to Pro forma three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 increased approximately $21.6 million, or 73.4%, to $51.1 million, compared to the corresponding quarter ended September 30, 2021. Lugano sells high-end jewelry primarily through retail salons in California, Florida, Texas and Colorado, and via pop-up showrooms at multiple equestrian, social and charitable functions each year. In the current year, Lugano has experienced an increase in sales as it has invested in building out its inventory as well as its sales, marketing and event staff, while increasing the number of functions it has attended.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales totaled approximately 47.3% and 48.1% for the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively. In the current quarter, Lugano recorded $1.5 million in amortization of the inventory step-up resulting from the acquisition purchase price allocation. Excluding the effect of the step-up amortization, the gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was 50.3%. Lugano has an extensive network of suppliers through which they procure high quality diamonds and gemstones, which make up a significant percentage of the cost of sales. The uniqueness of the Lugano jewelry can lead to fluctuations in margins from period to period based on what designs are sold during the period.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense was $10.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $7.1 million in selling, general and administrative expense in the three months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense represented 19.8% of net sales in the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 24.1% of net sales for the same period of 2021. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense is primarily due to increased marketing spend and personnel costs. Lugano has increased its head count in the last year as it invests in additional professionals to support its growth.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income increased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 to $12.6 million, as compared to $6.9 million in the corresponding period in 2021. This increase was a result of the factors noted above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to Pro forma nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased approximately $55.3 million, or 67.6%, to $137.2 million, compared to the corresponding nine months ended September 30, 2021. Lugano sells high-end jewelry primarily through retail salons in California, Florida, Texas and Colorado, and via pop-up showrooms at multiple equestrian, social and charitable functions each year. The sales in the first half of the prior year were still impacted by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic which limited the number of events attended by Lugano and led to reduced net sales as compared to the current year. In the current year, Lugano has experienced an increase in sales as it has invested in building out its sales, marketing and event staff and increased the number of functions it has attended.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales totaled approximately 49.0% and 49.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively. In the current year, Lugano recorded $3.9 million in amortization of the inventory step-up resulting from the acquisition purchase price allocation. Excluding the effect of the step-up amortization, the gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 51.8%. Lugano has an extensive network of suppliers through which they procure high quality diamonds and gemstones, which make up a significant percentage of the cost of sales. The uniqueness of the Lugano jewelry can lead to fluctuations in margins from period to period based on what designs are sold during the period.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense was $27.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $14.7 million in selling, general and administrative expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense represented 19.8% of net sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 17.9% of net sales for the same period of 2021. Lugano has increased its head count in
56

the last year as it invests in additional professionals to support its growth, and has expanded its investment in advertising and marketing spend during the current year.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to $35.9 million, as compared to $24.9 million in the corresponding period in 2021. This increase was a result of the factors noted above.
Marucci Sports

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 42,753 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 25,040 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 122,481 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 86,328 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 24,868 |  |  | 58.2 | % |  | $ | 14,226 |  |  | 56.8 | % |  | $ | 60,826 |  |  | 49.7 | % |  | $ | 48,389 |  |  | 56.1 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 14,102 |  |  | 33.0 | % |  | $ | 8,851 |  |  | 35.3 | % |  | $ | 38,935 |  |  | 31.8 | % |  | $ | 27,789 |  |  | 32.2 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 7,692 |  |  | 18.0 | % |  | $ | 3,580 |  |  | 14.3 | % |  | $ | 14,141 |  |  | 11.5 | % |  | $ | 15,267 |  |  | 17.7 | %

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $42.8 million, an increase of $17.7 million as compared to net sales of $25.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net sales was primarily due to Marucci's successful launch of its CatX bat line in August of 2022. Additionally, the increase is attributable to Marucci's acquisition of Lizard Skins in the fourth quarter of 2021, as well as increased customer demand and market share in many of Marucci's key product lines, including aluminum and wood bats, and batting gloves.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 increased $10.6 million as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was 58.2%, as compared to gross profit as a percentage of sales of 56.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2021, was primarily d ue to adjustments to the Lizards Skins inventory purchase price allocation.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $14.1 million, or 33.0% of net sales compared to $8.9 million, or 35.3% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 partially correlates to the increase in net sales, with increases in credit card expenses, royalties, commissions, business development fees, and other variable expenses. Marucci also incurred additional professional fees, personnel costs and marketing expenses in 2022 related to investments supporting growth.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $7.7 million, an increase of $4.1 million when compared to segment operating income of $3.6 million for the same period in 2021, primarily as a result of the factors noted above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $122.5 million, an increase of $36.2 million as compared to net sales of $86.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net sales was due to Marucci's acquisition of Lizard Skins in the fourth quarter of 2021, as well as increased customer
57

demand and market share in many of Marucci's key product lines, including aluminum and wood bats, and batting gloves.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased $12.4 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 49.7%, as compared to gross profit as a percentage of sales of 56.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021, was primarily d ue to increased freight costs during the first half of 2022, as delays in Marucci's supply chain coupled with demand exceeding the company's forecast led to increased use of air freight to meet increased demand from Marucci's customer base.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $38.9 million, or 31.8% of net sales compared to $27.8 million, or 32.2% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 correlates to the increase in net sales, including the Lizards Skins acquisition, with increases in credit card expenses, royalties, commissions, business development fees, and other variable expenses. Marucci has also incurred additional professional fees, personnel costs and marketing expenses in 2022 related to investments supporting growth.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $14.1 million, a decrease of $1.1 million when compared to income from operations of $15.3 million for the same period in 2021, primarily as a result of the factors noted above and an increase in amortization expense related to the Lizard Skins intangibles assets.
PrimaLoft
In the following results of operations, we provide comparative pro forma results of operations for PrimaLoft for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 as if we had acquired the business on January 1, 2021. The results of operations that follows include relevant pro-forma adjustments for pre-acquisition periods and explanations where applicable. The ope rating results for PrimaLoft have been included in the consolidated results of operation from the date of acquisition in July 2022.

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
|  | Pro forma |  |  |  | Pro forma |  |  |  | Pro forma |  |  |  | Pro forma |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 13,031 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 12,906 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 65,897 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 52,388 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 7,194 |  |  | 55.2 | % |  | $ | 8,016 |  |  | 62.1 | % |  | $ | 39,229 |  |  | 59.5 | % |  | $ | 31,472 |  |  | 60.1 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 10,780 |  |  | 82.7 | % |  | $ | 3,786 |  |  | 29.3 | % |  | $ | 18,746 |  |  | 28.4 | % |  | $ | 11,302 |  |  | 21.6 | %
Segment operating income (loss) |  | $ | (7,942) |  |  | (60.9) | % |  | $ | (126) |  |  | (1.0) | % |  | $ | 7,414 |  |  | 11.3 | % |  | $ | 7,101 |  |  | 13.6 | %

Pro forma results of operations include the following pro form adjustments as if we had acquired PrimaLoft January 1, 2021:
•Amortization expense associated with the intangible assets recorded in connection with the purchase price allocation of PrimaLoft of $0.7 million and $8.9 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, and $4.1 million and $12.3 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
•Management fees that would have been payable to the Manager during each period.
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Proforma three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to proforma three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $13.0 million, an increase of $0.1 million as compared to net sales of $12.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 decreased $0.8 million as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was 55.2%, as compared to gross profit as a percentage of sales of 62.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2021. In the current quarter, PrimaLoft recorded $0.6 million in amortization of the inventory step-up resulting from the acquisition purchase price allocation. Excluding the effect of the step-up amortization, the gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was 60.0%. Gross profit as a percentage of sales decreased quarter over quarter primarily due to an increase in input costs ahead of price increases.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $10.8 million, or 82.7% of net sales compared to $3.8 million, or 29.3% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense in the current quarter includes $5.8 million of transaction costs related to the Company's acquisition of PrimaLoft, and $1.1 million in integration services fees.
Segment operating income (loss)
Segment operating loss for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $7.9 million, a decrease of $7.8 million when compared to segment operating loss of $0.1 million for the same period in 2021, primarily as a result of the factors noted above.
Proforma nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to proforma nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $65.9 million, an increase of $13.5 million as compared to net sales of $52.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to market share gains.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased $7.8 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 59.5%, as compared to gross profit as a percentage of sales of 60.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, PrimaLoft recorded $0.6 million in amortization of the inventory step-up resulting from the acquisition purchase price allocation. Excluding the effect of the step-up amortization, the gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was 60.5%.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $18.7 million, or 28.4% of net sales compared to $11.3 million, or 21.6% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, includes $5.8 million of transaction costs related to the Company's acquisition of PrimaLoft, and $1.1 million in integration services fees.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $7.4 million, an increase of $0.3 million when compared to income from operations of $7.1 million for the same period in 2021, primarily as a result of the factors noted above.
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Velocity Outdoor

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 75,482 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 76,901 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 180,774 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 205,891 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 22,314 |  |  | 29.6 | % |  | $ | 25,436 |  |  | 33.1 | % |  | $ | 50,678 |  |  | 28.0 | % |  | $ | 66,553 |  |  | 32.3 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 9,569 |  |  | 12.7 | % |  | $ | 10,123 |  |  | 13.2 | % |  | $ | 24,620 |  |  | 13.6 | % |  | $ | 26,290 |  |  | 12.8 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 10,225 |  |  | 13.5 | % |  | $ | 12,905 |  |  | 16.8 | % |  | $ | 18,721 |  |  | 10.4 | % |  | $ | 33,039 |  |  | 16.0 | %

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $75.5 million, a decrease of $1.4 million or 1.8%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease in net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 is primarily due to inflationary pressures impacting the demand for Airgun products partially offset by new Archery product releases.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 decreased $3.1 million as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased to 29.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 33.1% in the three months ended September 30, 2021 due to increased supply chain costs.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $9.6 million, or 12.7% of net sales compared to $10.1 million, or 13.2% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The decreas e in selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the prior period is driven by volume related expenses along with continued cost management. We continue to invest in consumer marketing.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $10.2 million, a decrease of $2.7 million when compared to segment operating income of $12.9 million for the same period in 2021 based on the factors noted above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $180.8 million, a decrease of $25.1 million or 12.2%, compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease in net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is primarily due to inflationary pressure impacting demand for Airgun products partially offset by the impact of new Archery product releases.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 decreased $15.9 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased to 28.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to 32.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 due to product mix as Velocity sold more legacy products with lower margins versus new models at higher margins along with increased supply chain costs.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $24.6 million, or 13.6% of net sales compared to $26.3 million, or 12.8% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increas e in selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of net sales for the nine months
60

ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the prior period is driven by the decrease in net sales as spending on selling, general and administrative expense was down year-over-year driven by volume related expenses. We continue to invest in consumer marketing.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $18.7 million, a decrease of $14.3 million when compared to segment operating income of $33.0 million for the same period in 2021 based on the factors noted above.
Niche Industrial Businesses
Advanced Circuits

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 21,788 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 23,182 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 67,194 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 67,209 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 9,758 |  |  | 44.8 | % |  | $ | 10,696 |  |  | 46.1 | % |  | $ | 30,782 |  |  | 45.8 | % |  | $ | 30,413 |  |  | 45.3 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 4,660 |  |  | 21.4 | % |  | $ | 3,771 |  |  | 16.3 | % |  | $ | 13,091 |  |  | 19.5 | % |  | $ | 11,399 |  |  | 17.0 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 4,973 |  |  | 22.8 | % |  | $ | 6,791 |  |  | 29.3 | % |  | $ | 17,303 |  |  | 25.8 | % |  | $ | 18,610 |  |  | 27.7 | %

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $21.8 million, a decrease of approximately $1.4 million or 6.0% compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in net sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2021 was d ue primarily to de creased sales in the Quick-Turn Production and Subcontract product lines.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the corresponding period in 2021 (44.8% at September 30, 2022 compared to 46.1% at September 30, 2021) primaril y as a result of sales mix.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense was approximately $4.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2022 and $3.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense represented 21.4% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 16.3% of net sales in the corresponding period in 2021. The selling, general and administrative expense in the current quarter included $0.9 million in transaction costs associated with a potential divestiture of Advanced Circuits that was terminated during the third quarter.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $5.0 million as compared to $6.8 million the three months ended September 30, 2021, a decrease of $1.8 million based on the factors noted above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for both the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were $67.2 million.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 45.8% during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 45.3% in the corresponding period in 2021 primarily as a result of sales mix.
61

Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense was approximately $13.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $11.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense represented 19.5% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 17.0% of net sales in the corresponding period in 2021. The selling, general and administrative expense in the current quarter included $0.9 million in transaction costs associated with a potential divestiture of Advanced Circuits that was terminated during the third quarter.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $17.3 million as compared to $18.6 million the nine months ended September 30, 2021, a decrease of $1.3 million based on the factors noted above.
Altor Solutions

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 69,618 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 44,122 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 199,590 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 122,582 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 15,284 |  |  | 22.0 | % |  | $ | 11,636 |  |  | 26.4 | % |  | $ | 43,246 |  |  | 21.7 | % |  | $ | 30,978 |  |  | 25.3 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 6,127 |  |  | 8.8 | % |  | $ | 4,016 |  |  | 9.1 | % |  | $ | 17,132 |  |  | 8.6 | % |  | $ | 11,222 |  |  | 9.2 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 6,561 |  |  | 9.4 | % |  | $ | 5,380 |  |  | 12.2 | % |  | $ | 18,303 |  |  | 9.2 | % |  | $ | 13,612 |  |  | 11.1 | %

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 were $69.6 million, an increase of $25.5 million, or 57.8%, compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net sales during the quarter was due to the acquisition of Plymouth Foam in October 2021, organic growth in Altor's appliance and cold chain customer sectors, and contractual and general increases in selling prices during the latter half of 2021 and the first half of 2022. Plymouth Foam sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 we re $17.6 million.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 22.0% and 26.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in the quarter ended September 30, 2022, was primarily due to increases in the price of Altor's primary raw material, expanded polystyrene ("EPS") ahead of the timing of contractual price increases for a majority of customers, and increased operating costs, particularly labor, ahead of the timing of contractual price increases for a majority of its customers. We expect gross profit as a percentage of net sales to improve in the near to intermediate term as we have contractual price increases planned and we expect raw material input costs to stabilize.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $6.1 million as compared to $4.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $2.1 million. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense in the third quarter of 2022 was due to the acquisition of Plymouth Foam.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income was $6.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $1.2 million as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021, based on the factors noted above.
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Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $199.6 million, an increase of $77.0 million, or 62.8%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily due to the acquisition of Plymouth Foam in October 2021, organic growth in Altor's appliance and cold chain customer sectors, and contractual and general increases in selling prices during the latter half of 2021 and the first half of 2022. Plymouth Foam sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $49.6 million.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 21.7% and 25.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, was primarily due to increases in the price of Altor's primary raw material, expanded polystyrene ("EPS"), and increased operating costs, particularly labor. We expect gross profit as a percentage of net sales to improve in the near to intermediate term as we have contractual price increases planned and we expect raw material input costs to stabilize.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $17.1 million as compared to $11.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $5.9 million. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was due to the acquisition of Plymouth Foam.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income was $18.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $4.7 million as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021, based on the factors noted above.
Arnold

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 39,377 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 36,852 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 116,319 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 101,893 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 12,742 |  |  | 32.4 | % |  | $ | 10,957 |  |  | 29.7 | % |  | $ | 35,000 |  |  | 30.1 | % |  | $ | 28,892 |  |  | 28.4 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 6,530 |  |  | 16.6 | % |  | $ | 5,410 |  |  | 14.7 | % |  | $ | 18,352 |  |  | 15.8 | % |  | $ | 15,982 |  |  | 15.7 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 5,462 |  |  | 13.9 | % |  | $ | 4,611 |  |  | 12.5 | % |  | $ | 14,075 |  |  | 12.1 | % |  | $ | 10,104 |  |  | 9.9 | %

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were approximately $39.4 million, an increase of $2.5 million compared to the same period in 2021. International sales were $13.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2022 and $10.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net sales is primarily a result of increased demand in several markets including industrial and oil and gas.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $12.7 million compared to approximately $11.0 million in the same period of 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased to 32.4% for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 from 29.7% in the quarter ended September 30, 2021 principally due to increased volume, favorable product mix and improved operational efficiencies.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense in the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $6.5 million, an increase in expense of approximately $1.1 million compared to $5.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense was 16.6% of net sales in the three months
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ended September 30, 2022 and 14.7% in the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in selling general and administrative expense was due primarily to increased staffing related costs and increased travel and commission expenses.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $5.5 million, an increase of $0.9 million when compared to the same period in 2021, as a result of the factors noted above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were approximately $116.3 million, an increase of $14.4 million compared to the same period in 2021. International sales were $36.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $31.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net sales is primarily a result of increased demand in several markets including industrial and transportation, driven in part by the acquisition of Ramco Electric Motors, Inc. in March 2021.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $35.0 million compared to approximately $28.9 million in the same period of 2021. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased to 30.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 from 28.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 principally due to increased volume, favorable product mix and improved operational efficiencies.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $18.4 million, an increase in expense of approximately $2.4 million compared to $16.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Selling, general and administrative expense was 15.8% of net sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 15.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in selling general and administrative expense was due primarily to increased staffing related costs driven in part by the acquisition of Ramco Electric Motors, Inc. in March 2021, and increased travel and commission expenses.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $14.1 million, an increase of $4.0 million when compared to the same period in 2021, as a result of the factors noted above.
Sterno

|  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Net sales |  | $ | 88,636 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 100,827 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 249,745 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 267,398 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Gross profit |  | $ | 14,469 |  |  | 16.3 | % |  | $ | 17,627 |  |  | 17.5 | % |  | $ | 49,066 |  |  | 19.6 | % |  | $ | 53,068 |  |  | 19.8 | %
SG&A |  | $ | 7,417 |  |  | 8.4 | % |  | $ | 9,017 |  |  | 8.9 | % |  | $ | 22,491 |  |  | 9.0 | % |  | $ | 24,840 |  |  | 9.3 | %
Segment operating income |  | $ | 2,795 |  |  | 3.2 | % |  | $ | 4,232 |  |  | 4.2 | % |  | $ | 13,783 |  |  | 5.5 | % |  | $ | 15,094 |  |  | 5.6 | %

Three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to three months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were approximately $88.6 million, a decrease of $12.2 million, o r 12.1%, compared to the same period in 2021. The net sales variance reflects lower sales at Rimports due to changes in consumer discretionary buying behaviors as a result of inflationary pressures, partially offset by strong sales at Sterno with increased spending in travel, entertainment, weddings and conventions.
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Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased from 17.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2021 to 16.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease in gross profit percentage in the third quarter of 2022 as compared to the third quarter of 2021 was primarily attribut able to material cost pressures and higher inventory provision at Rimports, as well as higher freight costs and reduced absorption of overhead costs at Rimports due to lower sales volumes.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $7.4 million as compared to $9.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, a decrease of $1.6 million reflecting lower salaries, bonus, commissions, travel, and marketing programs in the current quarter. Selling, genera l and administrative expense represented 8.4% of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 8.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2021.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $2.8 million, a decrease of $1.4 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 based on the factors noted above.
Nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021
Net sales
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were approximately $249.7 million, a decrease of $17.7 million, o r 6.6%, compared to the same period in 2021. The net sales variance reflects softer sales at Rimports due to change in discretionary consumer buying behaviors due to inflation pressures, partially offset by strong sales at Sterno with increased business travel and conventions.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased from 19.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 to 19.6% for the same period ended September 30, 2022. The decrease in gross profit percentage in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily attributable to increases in raw material costs and freight, and the continuing impact of absorbing overhead on the reduced sales volume at Rimports.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $22.5 million as compared to $24.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, a decrease of $2.3 million reflecting lower salaries and benefits in the current period. Selling, genera l and administrative expense represented 9.0% of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 9.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was approximately $13.8 million, a decrease of $1.3 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 based on the factors noted above.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
We generate cash primarily from the operations of our subsidiaries, and we have the ability to borrow under our 2022 Credit Facility to fund our operating, investing and financing activities. In 2021, we filed a prospectus supplement pursuant to which we may, but we have no obligation to, issue and sell up to $500 million of the common shares of the Trust in amounts and at times to be determined by us. Actual sales will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by us from time to time, including, market conditions, the trading price of Trust common shares and determinations by us regarding appropriate sources of funding.
Our liquidity requirements primarily relate to our debt service requirements, payments of our common and preferred share distributions, management fees paid to our Manager, working capital needs and purchase commitments at our subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2022, we had $1000.0 million of indebtedness associated with our 5.250% 2029 Notes, $300 million of indebtedness associated with our 5.000% 2032 Notes, $397.5 million outstanding on our 2022 Term Loan, and $113.0 million outstanding on our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. Only our 2022 Term Loan has required principal payments. Long-term debt liquidity requirements consist of the payment in full of our Notes upon their respective maturity dates, amounts outstanding under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility upon its maturity date, and principal payments under our 2022 Term Loan. The 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly payments ranging from $2.5 million to $7.5 million, commencing September 30, 2022, with a final payment of all remaining principal and interest due on July 12, 2027, which is the 2022 Term Loan’s maturity date. At September 30, 2022, approximately 30% of our outstanding debt was subject to interest rate changes.
At September 30, 2022, we had approximately $61.3 million of cash and cash equivalents on hand, a decrease of $99.5 million as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. The majority of our cash is in non-interest bearing checking accounts or invested in short-term money market accounts and is maintained in accordance with the Company’s investment policy, which identifies allowable investments and specifies credit quality standards. Our availability under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility at September 30, 2022 was $484.7 million. The change in cash and cash equivalents for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
Operating Activities:

|  | Nine months ended
(in thousands) |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities |  | $ | (39,923) |  |  | $ | 147,148 |

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, cash flows used in operating activities totaled approximately $39.9 million, which represents a $187.1 million decrease compared to cash provided by operating activities of $147.1 million during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021. Cash used in operating activities for working capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $223.2 million, as compared to cash used in operating activities for working capital of $14.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. We typically have a higher usage of cash for working capital in the first half of the year as most of our subsidiaries will build up inventories after the fourth quarter. In the fourth quarter of 2021 and continuing into 2022, several of our subsidiary businesses increased inventory levels to combat supply chain issues given longer lead times. The increase in cash used in operating activities for working capital in 2022 also reflects the acquisition of Lugano in the third quarter of the prior year. Further, Lugano has used significant cash to build inventory to support its sales growth strategy.
Investing Activities:

|  | Nine months ended
(in thousands) |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Cash used in investing activities |  | $ | (598,951) |  |  | $ | (202,429) |

Cash flows used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 totaled $599.0 million, compared to cash used in investing activities of $202.4 million in the same period of 2021. During the third quarter of 2022, we completed our acquisition of PrimaLoft and our Velocity business had a small add-on acquisition. The total amount of cash used for acquisitions in 2022 totaled $564.9 million. In the prior year, our investing activities reflect the acquisition of Lugano in September 2021 and an add-on acquisition at our Arnold subsidiary in March 2021. The total amount of cash used for acquisitions in 2021 totaled $302.1 million. Capital expenditures spend increased $11.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended
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September 30, 2021, with $39.7 million in capital expenditures in 2022 and $28.0 million in capital expenditures in 2021. The increase in capital expenditures is primarily to support the retail store growth at both 5.11 and Lugano. We expect capital expenditures for the full year of 2022 to be approxim ately $50 million to $60 million.
Financing Activities:

|  | Nine months ended
(in thousands) |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Cash provided by financing activities |  | $ | 542,128 |  |  | $ | 54,872 |

Cash flows provided by financing activities totaled approximately $542.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to cash flows provided by financing activities of $54.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. During the current year, we entered into our 2022 Credit Facility which provides for a $400 million term loan. The net amount of cash provided by debt proceeds under our 2022 Credit Facility in 2022, including the 2022 Term Loan and draws on our revolving credit facility, was $510.5 million, most of which was used to fund our acquisition of PrimaLoft in July 2022. During the first quarter of 2021, we completed an offering of $1,000.0 million of our 2029 Senior Notes, and used the proceeds to pay down our 2018 Revolving Credit Facility and pay off the existing 2026 Senior Notes. In September 2021, we filed a prospectus supplement and entered into a Sales Agreement for an At The Market program pursuant to which we may sell common shares of the Trust. We re ceived $83.9 million in net cash proceeds from the sale of Trust common shares under this program in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $18.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Financing activities in both periods reflect the payment of our common and preferred share distributions. Additionally, financing activities in both periods reflect cash received from noncontrolling shareholders related to our acquisition of PrimaLoft in 2022 ($35.3 million in cash proceeds provided by noncontrolling shareholders) and Lugano in 2021 ($68.0 million in cash proceeds provided by noncontrolling shareholders). During the nine m onths ended September 30, 2021, we made a distribution to the Allocation Member of $17.3 million related to the five-year holding event of our Liberty, Ergobaby and Advanced Circuits businesses.
Intercompany Debt
A component of our acquisition financing strategy that we utilize in acquiring the subsidiary businesses we own and manage is to provide both equity capital and debt capital, raised at the parent level through our existing credit facility. Our strategy of providing intercompany debt financing within the capital structure of our subsidiaries allows us the ability to distribute cash to the parent company through monthly interest payments and amortization of the principal on these intercompany loans. Each loan to our subsidiary businesses has a scheduled maturity and each subsidiary business is entitled to repay all or a portion of the principal amount of the outstanding loans, without penalty, prior to maturity. Certain of our subsidiaries have paid down their respective intercompany debt balances through the cash flow generated by these subsidiaries and we have recapitalized, and expect to continue to recapitalize, these subsidiaries in the normal course of our business. The recapitalization process involves funding the intercompany debt using either cash on hand at the parent or our applicable credit facility, and serves the purpose of optimizing the capital structure at our subsidiaries and providing the noncontrolling shareholders with a distribution on their ownership interest in a cash flow positive business.
In February 2022, we completed a recapitalization at Ergobaby whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany loan agreement with Ergobaby (the "Ergobaby Loan Agreement"). The Ergobaby Loan Agreement was amended to provide for additional term loan borrowings of $61.5 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC owned 81.6% of the outstanding shares of Ergobaby on the date of the distribution and received $50.2 million. The remaining amount of the distribution was paid to minority shareholders.
In the first quarter of 2022, we amended the 5.11 and Lugano intercompany credit agreements. The 5.11 amendment increased the capital expenditure allowable under the credit agreement to account for additional growth capital expenditure opportunities primarily related to retail expansion, and amended the financial covenants to reflect the increased allowable expenditure. The Lugano amendment increased the amount available under the revolving credit facility to permit additional investment in inventory, and amended the financial covenants to reflect the increase in the revolving credit facility. We amended the Lugano intercompany credit agreement again in the second quarter of 2022 to increase the amount in available under the revolving credit facility to permit additional investment in inventory, and amended the financial covenants to reflect the increase in the revolving credit facility. We amended the Velocity intercompany credit agreement in the third quarter of 2022 to increase the amount of the
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Velocity term loan to allow for the financing of an add-on acquisition. All of our subsidiaries were in compliance with the financial covenants included within their intercompany credit arrangements at September 30, 2022.
As of September 30, 2022, we had the following outstanding loans due from each of our subsidiary businesses:

(in thousands) |  |
5.11 |  | $ | 179,447 |
BOA |  | 78,945 |
Ergobaby |  | 87,627 |
Lugano |  | 211,811 |
Marucci |  | 101,549 |
PrimaLoft |  | 165,725 |
Velocity Outdoor |  | 139,032 |
Advanced Circuits |  | 72,631 |
Altor |  | 124,587 |
Arnold |  | 68,452 |
Sterno |  | 198,258 |
Total intercompany debt |  | $ | 1,428,064 |
Corporate and eliminations |  | (1,428,064) |
Total |  | $ | — |

Our primary source of cash is from the receipt of interest and principal on the outstanding loans to our subsidiaries. Accordingly, we are dependent upon the earnings of and cash flow from these businesses, which are available for (i) operating expenses; (ii) payment of principal and interest under our applicable credit facility and interest on our Senior Notes; (iii) payments to CGM due pursuant to the MSA and the LLC Agreement; (iv) cash distributions to our shareholders; and (v) investments in future acquisitions. Payments made under (iii) above are required to be paid before distributions to shareholders and may be significant and exceed the funds held by us, which may require us to dispose of assets or incur debt to fund such expenditures.
Financing Arrangements
2022 Credit Facility
On July 12, 2022, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "2022 Credit Facility") to amend and restate the 2021 Credit Facility. The 2022 Credit Facility provides for revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million (the "2022 Revolving Credit Facility") and also permits the LLC, prior to the applicable maturity date, to increase the revolving loan commitment and/or obtain term loans in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. All amounts outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility will become due o n July 12, 2027, which is th e maturity date of loans advanced under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. The 2022 Credit Facility also provides for a $400 million term loan (the “2022 Term Loan”). The 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly payments ranging from $2.5 million to $7.5 million, commencing September 30, 2022, with a final payment of all remaining principal and interest due on July 12, 2027, which is the 2022 Term Loan’s maturity date.
We had $484.7 million in net availability under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility at September 30, 2022. The outstanding borrowings under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility include $2.3 million of outstanding letters of credit at September 30, 2022.
2021 Credit Facility
On March 23, 2021, we entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement to amend and restate the 2018 Credit Facility. The 2021 Credit Facility provided for revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million and also permits the LLC, prior to the applicable maturity date, to increase the revolving loan commitment and/or obtain term loans in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. The Company repaid the outstanding amounts under the 2021 credit facility in the third quarter of 2022 in connection with entering into the 2022 Credit Facility.
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Senior Notes
2032 Notes
On November 17, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $300 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.000% Senior Notes due 2032 (the "2032 Notes") offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2032 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of November 17, 2021 (the “2032 Notes Indenture”), between the LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The 2032 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.000% per annum and will mature on January 15, 2032. Interest on the 2032 Notes is payable in cash on July 15th and January 15th of each year. The 2032 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the LLC and are not guaranteed by our subsidiaries. The proceeds from the sale of the 2032 Notes were used to repay debt outstanding under the 2021 Credit Facility.
2029 Notes
On March 23, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $1,000 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.250% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of March 23, 2021 (the “2029 Notes Indenture”), between the LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The 2029 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.250% per annum and will mature on April 15, 2029. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable in cash on April 15th and October 15th of each year. The 2029 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the LLC and are not guaranteed by our subsidiaries.
The following table reflects required and actual financial ratios as of September 30, 2022 included as part of the affirmative covenants in our 2022 Credit Facility.

Description of Required Covenant Ratio |  | Covenant Ratio Requirement |  | Actual Ratio
Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio |  | Greater than or equal to 1.50:1.0 |  | 3.45:1.0
Consolidated Senior Secured Leverage Ratio |  | Less than or equal to 3.50:1.0 |  | 1.05:1.0
Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio |  | Less than or equal to 5.00:1.0 |  | 3.93:1.0

We have the ability to exercise an option under our 2022 Credit Facility to increase our Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio to 5.75:1.0 within 45 days subsequent to September 30, 2022.
Interest Expense
The components of interest expense and periodic interest charges on outstanding debt are as follows (in thousands):

| Nine months ended September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021
Interest on credit facilities | $ | 5,434 |  |  | $ | 1,920 |
Interest on Senior Notes | 50,625 |  |  | 39,417 |
Unused fee on Revolving Credit Facility | 1,504 |  |  | 1,207 |
Amortization of bond premium | — |  |  | (83) |
Other interest expense | 214 |  |  | 158 |
Interest income | (40) |  |  | (12) |
Interest expense, net | $ | 57,737 |  |  | $ | 42,607 |

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The following table provides the effective interest rate of the Company’s outstanding debt at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
| Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount |  | Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount
2029 Senior Notes | 5.25% |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | 4.89% |  | $ | 1,000,000 |
2032 Senior Notes | 5.00% |  | 300,000 |  |  | 5.29% |  | 300,000 |
2022 Term Loan | 4.56% |  | 397,500 |  |  | N/a |  | — |
2022 Revolving Credit Facility | 4.68% |  | 113,000 |  |  | N/a |  | — |
Unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | (16,135) |  |  |  |  | (15,174) |
Total debt outstanding |  |  | $ | 1,794,365 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,284,826 |

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
GAAP or U.S. GAAP refer to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. From time to time we may publicly disclose certain "non-GAAP" financial measures in the course of our investor presentations, earnings releases, earnings conference calls or other venues. A non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of historical or future performance, financial position or cash flow that excludes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that effectively exclude amounts, included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in our financial statements, and vice versa for measures that include amounts, or are subject to adjustments that effectively include amounts, that are excluded from the most directly comparable measure as calculated and presented.
Non-GAAP financial measures are provided as additional information to investors in order to provide them with an alternative method for assessing our financial condition and operating results. These measures are not intended to replace the presentation of financial results in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and may be different from or otherwise inconsistent with non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures supplements other metrics we use to internally evaluate our subsidiary businesses and facilitate the comparison of past and present operations.
The tables below reconcile the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures to Earnings before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("EBITDA"), Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted Earnings.
Reconciliation of Net income (loss) from continuing operations to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Net income (loss) to Adjusted Earnings
EBITDA – EBITDA is calculated as net income (loss) from continuing operations before interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), loss on debt extinguishment, depreciation expense and amortization expense. Amortization expenses consist of amortization of intangibles and debt charges, including debt issuance costs, discounts, etc.
Adjusted EBITDA – Adjusted EBITDA is calculated utilizing the same calculation as described above in arriving at EBITDA further adjusted by: (i) noncontrolling stockholder compensation, which generally consists of non-cash stock option expense; (ii) successful acquisition costs, which consist of transaction costs (legal, accounting, due diligence, etc.) incurred in connection with the successful acquisition of a business expensed during the period in compliance with ASC 805; (iii) integration service fees, which reflect fees paid by newly acquired companies to the Manager for integration services performed during the first year of ownership; and (iv) items of other income or expense that are material to a subsidiary and non-recurring in nature.
Adjusted Earnings - Adjusted earnings is calculated as net income (loss) adjusted to include the cost of the distributions to preferred shareholders, and adjusted to exclude the impact of certain costs, expenses, gains and losses and other specified items the exclusion of which management believes provides insight regarding our ongoing operating performance. Depending on the period presented, these adjusted measures exclude the impact of certain of the following items: gains (losses) and income (loss) from discontinued operations, income (loss) from noncontrolling interest, amortization expense, subsidiary stock compensation expense, acquisition-related expenses and items of other income or expense that may be material to a subsidiary and non-recurring in nature.
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We believe that EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Earnings provide useful information to investors and reflect important financial measures that are used by management in the monthly analysis of our operating results and in preparation of our annual budgets. We believe that investors’ understanding of our performance is enhanced by disclosing these performance measures as this presentation allows investors to view the performance of our businesses in a manner similar to the methods used by us and the management of our subsidiary businesses, provides additional insight into our operating results and provides a measure for evaluating targeted businesses for acquisition.
We believe that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Earnings provide useful information to investors and reflects important financial measures as they exclude the effects of items which reflect the impact of long-term investment decisions, rather than the performance of near-term operations. When compared to net income (loss) and net income (loss) from continuing operations, Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EBITDA, respectively, are each limited in that they do not reflect the periodic costs of certain capital assets used in generating revenues of our subsidiary businesses or the non-cash charges associated with impairments, as well as certain cash charges. The presentation of Adjusted Earnings provides insight into our operating results and provides a measure for evaluating earnings from continuing operations available to common shareholders. EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Earnings are not meant to be a substitute for GAAP, and may be different from or otherwise inconsistent with non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.
The following tables reconcile EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) from continuing operations, which we consider to be the most comparable GAAP financial measure (in thousands):
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Adjusted EBITDA
Nine months ended September 30, 2022
| Corporate |  | 5.11 |  | BOA |  | Ergobaby |  | Lugano |  | PrimaLoft |  | Marucci Sports |  | Velocity Outdoor |  | ACI |  | Altor |  | Arnold |  | Sterno |  | Consolidated
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (51,431) |  |  | $ | 15,540 |  |  | 37,122 |  |  | $ | (634) |  |  | $ | 21,871 |  |  | $ | (8,492) |  |  | $ | 8,374 |  |  | $ | 7,826 |  |  | $ | 9,510 |  |  | $ | 7,149 |  |  | $ | 7,217 |  |  | $ | 2,337 |  |  | $ | 56,389 |
Adjusted for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes | 12,119 |  |  | 4,999 |  |  | 6,819 |  |  | 432 |  |  | 5,863 |  |  | (3,570) |  |  | 2,821 |  |  | 2,372 |  |  | 2,600 |  |  | 2,907 |  |  | 2,768 |  |  | (929) |  |  | 39,201 |
Interest expense, net | 57,559 |  |  | 12 |  |  | (19) |  |  | 2 |  |  | 12 |  |  | (4) |  |  | 13 |  |  | 142 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |  |  | — |  |  | 57,737 |
Intercompany interest | (71,727) |  |  | 9,501 |  |  | 5,634 |  |  | 4,000 |  |  | 7,841 |  |  | 3,251 |  |  | 4,649 |  |  | 6,987 |  |  | 4,851 |  |  | 7,844 |  |  | 3,947 |  |  | 13,222 |  |  | — |
Loss on debt extinguishment | 534 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 534 |
Depreciation and amortization | 862 |  |  | 16,804 |  |  | 16,345 |  |  | 6,061 |  |  | 8,385 |  |  | 4,194 |  |  | 9,558 |  |  | 9,981 |  |  | 1,634 |  |  | 12,254 |  |  | 6,065 |  |  | 15,272 |  |  | 107,415 |
EBITDA | (52,084) |  |  | 46,856 |  |  | 65,901 |  |  | 9,861 |  |  | 43,972 |  |  | (4,621) |  |  | 25,415 |  |  | 27,308 |  |  | 18,595 |  |  | 30,154 |  |  | 20,017 |  |  | 29,902 |  |  | 261,276 |
Other (income) expense | (73) |  |  | 93 |  |  | 498 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 260 |  |  | (1,829) |  |  | 1,154 |  |  | 251 |  |  | 219 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,185) |  |  | (606) |
Noncontrolling shareholder compensation | — |  |  | 1,210 |  |  | 1,889 |  |  | 1,154 |  |  | 800 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,089 |  |  | 742 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 910 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 647 |  |  | 8,851 |
Acquisition expenses | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,680 |  |  | — |  |  | 222 |  |  | — |  |  | 216 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,118 |
Integration services fee | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,688 |  |  | 1,063 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,751 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,802 |  |  | — |  |  | 853 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,211 |  |  | 4,116 |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (52,157) |  |  | $ | 48,159 |  |  | $ | 68,288 |  |  | $ | 11,269 |  |  | $ | 46,462 |  |  | $ | 2,382 |  |  | $ | 26,477 |  |  | $ | 29,426 |  |  | $ | 20,071 |  |  | $ | 31,499 |  |  | $ | 20,055 |  |  | $ | 30,575 |  |  | $ | 282,506 |

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Adjusted EBITDA
Nine months ended September 30, 2021
| Corporate |  | 5.11 |  | BOA |  | Ergobaby |  | Lugano |  | Marucci Sports |  | Velocity Outdoor |  | ACI |  | Altor |  | Arnold |  | Sterno |  | Consolidated
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (64,717) |  |  | $ | 14,318 |  |  | $ | 16,908 |  |  | $ | 3,071 |  |  | $ | 681 |  |  | $ | 9,485 |  |  | $ | 19,157 |  |  | $ | 10,366 |  |  | $ | 5,892 |  |  | $ | 3,839 |  |  | $ | 1,491 |  |  | $ | 20,491 |
Adjusted for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | — |  |  | 4,857 |  |  | 2,165 |  |  | 1,357 |  |  | 304 |  |  | 2,920 |  |  | 5,381 |  |  | 2,547 |  |  | 2,867 |  |  | 2,062 |  |  | 202 |  |  | 24,662 |
Interest expense, net | 42,464 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 125 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 42,607 |
Intercompany interest | (53,234) |  |  | 8,743 |  |  | 6,320 |  |  | 1,514 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 1,890 |  |  | 5,586 |  |  | 5,484 |  |  | 5,075 |  |  | 4,128 |  |  | 13,946 |  |  | — |
Loss on debt extinguishment | 33,305 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33,305 |
Depreciation and amortization | 642 |  |  | 16,762 |  |  | 15,033 |  |  | 6,377 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 6,377 |  |  | 9,489 |  |  | 1,658 |  |  | 9,022 |  |  | 5,822 |  |  | 16,313 |  |  | 87,565 |
EBITDA | (41,540) |  |  | 44,688 |  |  | 40,426 |  |  | 12,319 |  |  | 1,603 |  |  | 20,677 |  |  | 39,738 |  |  | 20,055 |  |  | 22,856 |  |  | 15,856 |  |  | 31,952 |  |  | 208,630 |
Other (income) expense | (286) |  |  | (302) |  |  | 190 |  |  | — |  |  | 22 |  |  | 881 |  |  | 2,611 |  |  | 123 |  |  | (399) |  |  | (51) |  |  | (883) |  |  | 1,906 |
Noncontrolling shareholder compensation | — |  |  | 1,926 |  |  | 1,655 |  |  | 1,241 |  |  | — |  |  | 826 |  |  | 777 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 770 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 913 |  |  | 8,496 |
Acquisition expenses | 39 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,827 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 310 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,176 |
Integration services fee | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,300 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,300 |
Other | 1,085 |  |  | 273 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (2,300) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 333 |  |  | (609) |
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | $ | (40,702) |  |  | $ | 46,585 |  |  | $ | 45,571 |  |  | $ | 13,560 |  |  | $ | 3,452 |  |  | $ | 23,384 |  |  | $ | 40,826 |  |  | $ | 20,550 |  |  | $ | 23,227 |  |  | $ | 16,131 |  |  | $ | 32,315 |  |  | $ | 224,899 |

(1) As a result of the sale of Liberty Safe in August 2021, Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 does not include $12.7 million in Adjusted EBITDA from Liberty.
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Reconciliation of Net income (loss) to Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EBITDA
The following table reconciles Adjusted Earnings to net income (loss), which we consider to be the most comparable GAAP financial measure, and Adjusted Earnings to Adjusted EBITDA (in thousands):

|  |  | Nine months ended September 30,
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income |  |  |  |  | $ | 63,282 |  |  | $ | 100,901 |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of tax |  |  |  |  | 6,893 |  |  | 72,745 |
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 7,665 |
Net income from continuing operations |  |  |  |  | $ | 56,389 |  |  | $ | 20,491 |
Less: income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  | 14,927 |  |  | 7,915 |
Net income attributable to Holdings - continuing operations |  |  |  |  | $ | 41,462 |  |  | $ | 12,576 |
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distributions paid - preferred shares |  |  |  |  | (18,136) |  |  | (18,136) |
Amortization expense - intangibles and inventory step up |  |  |  |  | 72,092 |  |  | 56,502 |
Loss on debt extinguishment |  |  |  |  | 534 |  |  | 33,305 |
Stock compensation |  |  |  |  | 8,851 |  |  | 8,496 |
Acquisition expenses |  |  |  |  | 6,118 |  |  | 2,176 |
Integration Services Fee |  |  |  |  | 2,750 |  |  | 4,300 |
Held for Sale corporate tax effect |  |  |  |  | 12,119 |  |  | — |
Other |  |  |  |  | 4,116 |  |  | (609) |
Adjusted earnings |  |  |  |  | $ | 129,906 |  |  | $ | 98,610 |
Plus (less): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation expense |  |  |  |  | 32,589 |  |  | 28,896 |
Income tax provision |  |  |  |  | 39,201 |  |  | 24,662 |
Held for Sale corporate tax effect |  |  |  |  | (12,119) |  |  | — |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  | 57,737 |  |  | 42,607 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs |  |  |  |  | 2,735 |  |  | 2,167 |
Income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  | 14,927 |  |  | 7,915 |
Distributions paid - preferred shares |  |  |  |  | 18,136 |  |  | 18,136 |
Other |  |  |  |  | (606) |  |  | 1,906 |
Adjusted EBITDA |  |  |  |  | $ | 282,506 |  |  | $ | 224,899 |

Seasonality
Earnings of certain of our operating segments are seasonal in nature due to various recurring events, holidays and seasonal weather patterns, as well as the timing of our acquisitions during a given year. Historically, the third and fourth quarter produce the highest net sales during our fiscal year.
Related Party Transactions
Management Services Agreement
We entered into the MSA with CGM effective May 16, 2006. The MSA provides for, among other things, CGM to perform services for the LLC in exchange for a management fee paid quarterly and equal to 0.5% of the Company's adjusted net assets, as defined in the MSA.
During 2022, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for the period through June 30, 2023 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to PrimaLoft, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower
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management fee at September 30, 2022 than would normally have been due. At June 30, 2022 and March 31, 2022, CGM entered into a waiver to exclude cash balances held at the LLC from the calculation of the management fee.
During 2021, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for a period through December 31, 2021 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to BOA, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee paid during 2021 than would have normally been due. In the first quarter of 2021, the LLC and CGM entered into a waiver agreement whereby CGM agreed to waive the portion of the management fee related to the amount of the proceeds deposited with the Trustee that was in excess of the amount payable related to the 2026 Senior Notes at March 31, 2021. Additionally, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA at December 31, 2021 to exclude cash balances held at the LLC from the calculation of the management fee.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred the following management fees to CGM, by entity:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
5.11 | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 750 |  |  | $ | 750 |
BOA | 250 |  | 250 |  |  | 750 |  |  | 750 |
Ergobaby | 125 |  | 125 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 375 |
Lugano | 188 |  | 58 |  |  | 563 |  |  | 58 |
Marucci | 125 |  | 125 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 375 |
PrimaLoft | 250 |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | — |
Velocity | 125 |  | 125 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 375 |
Advanced Circuits | 125 |  |  | 125 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 375 |
Altor | 188 |  | 188 |  |  | 563 |  |  | 563 |
Arnold Magnetics | 125 |  | 125 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 375 |
Sterno | 125 |  | 125 |  |  | 375 |  |  | 375 |
Corporate | 14,841 |  |  | 10,902 |  |  | 41,178 |  |  | 30,133 |
| $ | 16,717 |  |  | $ | 12,398 |  |  | $ | 46,304 |  |  | $ | 34,504 |

Integration Services Agreements
PrimaLoft, which was acquired in July 2022, entered into an Integration Services Agreement ("ISA") with CGM whereby PrimaLoft will pay CGM an integration services fee of $4.8 million quarterly over a twelve-month period ended June 30, 2023. Lugano, which was acquired in September 2021, entered into an ISA with CGM whereby Lugano paid CGM an integration services fee of $2.3 million quarterly over a twelve-month period ended September 30, 2022. Under the ISAs, CGM provides services for new platform acquisitions to, amongst other things, assist the management at the acquired entities in establishing a corporate governance program, implement compliance and reporting requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and align the acquired entity's policies and procedures with our other subsidiaries. Integration services fees are recorded as selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
Profit Allocation Payments
The ten-year anniversary of Liberty occurred in March 2020 and the ten-year anniversary of Ergobaby occurred in September 2020. Both of these represented a Holding Event, and the holders of the Allocation Interests elected to defer the distribution until after the end of 2020. The profit allocation payment of $3.3 million related to the Liberty Holding Event and the profit allocation of $2.0 million related to the Ergobaby Holding Event were both paid in January 2021. The fifteen-year anniversary of ACI occurred in May 2021 which represented a Holding Event. The Company's Board declared a distribution of $12.1 million that was paid to the Holders in July 2021. The sale of Liberty in August 2021 represented a Sale Event, and the Company's board declared a profit allocation distribution to Holders of $16.8 million. This distribution was paid in the fourth quarter of 2021.
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5.11
Recapitalization - In August 2021, the Company completed a recapitalization of 5.11 whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany loan agreement with 5.11 (the "5.11 Loan Agreement"). The 5.11 Loan Agreement was amended to provide for additional term loan borrowings of $55.0 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC owned 97.7% of the outstanding shares of 5.11 on the date of the distribution and received $53.7 million. The remaining amount of the distribution was paid to minority shareholders.
Related Party Vendor Purchases - 5.11 purchases inventory from a vendor who is a related party to 5.11 through one of the executive officers of 5.11 via the executive's 40% ownership interest in the vendor. 5.11 purchased approximately $0.3 million and $1.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively in inventory from the vendor.
BOA
Repurchase of Noncontrolling Interest - In September 2021, BOA repurchased shares of its issued and outstanding common shares from its largest minority shareholder for a total payment of $48.0 million, which BOA financed by borrowing under their intercompany credit facility with the LLC (the "BOA Credit Agreement"). The BOA Credit Agreement was amended to (i) provide for additional term loan borrowings of $38.0 million, and (ii) consent to the repurchase of the shares from the minority shareholder. The transaction was accounted for in accordance with ASC 810 - Consolidation, whereby the carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest was adjusted to reflect the change in the ownership interest in BOA that occurred as a result of the share repurchase. The difference between the fair value of the consideration paid of $48.0 million and the amount by which the noncontrolling interest was adjusted of $39.4 million was recognized in equity attributable to the LLC.
Related Party Vendor Purchases - A contract manufacturer used by BOA as the primary supplier of molded injection parts is a noncontrolling shareholder of BOA. BOA had approxim ately $12.7 million and $43.8 million in purchases from this supplier during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively and $11.2 million and $32.8 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.
Ergobaby
Recapitalization - In February 2022, the Company completed a recapitalization of Ergobaby whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany loan agreement with Ergobaby (the "Ergo Loan Agreement"). The Ergo Loan Agreement was amended to provide for additional loan borrowings of $61.5 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC owned 81.6% of the outstanding shares of Ergobaby on the date of the distribution and received $50.2 million. The remaining amount of the distribution was paid to minority shareholders.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no special purpose entities or off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions and judgments and uncertainties, and potentially could result in materially different results under different conditions. These critical accounting policies and estimates are reviewed periodically by our independent auditors and the audit committee of our board of directors.
Except as set forth below, our critical accounting estimates have not changed materially from those disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022.
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Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Asset Impairment Testing
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess amount of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired. Our goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis as of March 31 st, and if current events or circumstances require, on an interim basis. Goodwill is allocated to various reporting units, which are generally an operating segment. Each of our subsidiary businesses represents a reporting unit.
We use a qualitative approach to test goodwill for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the goodwill impairment testing. The qualitative factors we consider include, in part, the general macroeconomic environment, industry and market specific conditions for each reporting unit, financial performance including actual versus planned results and results of relevant prior periods, operating costs and cost impacts, as well as issues or events specific to the reporting unit. If qualitative factors are not sufficient to determine that the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not to exceed its carrying value, we will perform a quantitative test of the reporting unit whereby we estimate the fair value of the reporting unit using an income approach or market approach, or a weighting of the two methods. Under the income approach, we estimate the fair value of our reporting unit based on the present value of future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimate of revenue growth rates and operating margins and take into consideration industry and market conditions as well as company specific economic factors. The discount rate used is based on the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with the business and the uncertainty associated with the reporting unit's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable public companies with operating characteristics that are similar to the reporting unit. When market comparables are not meaningful or available, we estimate the fair value of the reporting unit using only the income approach. The valuation approaches are subject to key judgments and assumptions that are sensitive to change such as judgments and assumptions about appropriate sales growth rates, operating margins, weighted average cost of capital, and comparable company market multiples. When developing these key judgments and assumptions, we consider economic, operational and market conditions that could impact the fair value of the reporting unit. Estimates are inherently uncertain and represent only management’s reasonable expectations regarding future developments. These estimates and the judgments and assumptions upon which the estimates are based will most likely differ from actual future results.
2022 An nual Impairment Testing - For our annual impairment testing at March 31, 2022, we performed a qualitative assessment of our reporting units. The results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it was more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each of our reporting units exceeded their carrying value.
2021 Annual Impairment Testing - For our annual impairment testing at March 31, 2021, we performed a qualitative assessment of our reporting units. The qualitative factors we consider include, in part, the general macroeconomic environment, industry and market specific conditions for each reporting unit, financial performance including actual versus planned results and results of relevant prior periods, operating costs and cost impacts, as well as issues or events specific to the reporting unit. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we also considered how we expected COVID-19 to impact our future operating results and short and long term financial condition as part of our qualitative assessment, including the effects on our end customers, potential short-term supply chain constraints, and the continued restrictions imposed by government and regulatory authorities. The results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it was more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each of our reporting units except Arnold exceeded their carrying value. Based on our analysis, we determined that the Arnold operating segment required quantitative testing because we could not conclude that the fair value of this reporting unit significantly exceeded the carrying value based on qualitative factors alone.
We performed the quantitative tests of Arnold using an income approach to determine the fair value of the reporting units. We do not believe that the market approach results in relevant data points for market multiples or data from comparable companies since most of Arnold's competitors are privately held and do not publish data that can be used in an income approach. In developing the prospective financial information used in the income approach, we considered recent market conditions, taking into consideration the uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic fallout. The prospective financial information considers reporting unit specific facts and circumstances and is our best estimate of operational results and cash flows for the Arnold reporting unit as of the date of our impairment testing. The discount rate used in the income approach was 13.0%, and th e results of the quantitative impairment testing indicated that the fair value of the Arnold reporting unit exceeded the carrying value
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b y approximately 272%. Th e prospective financial information that is used to determine the fair values of the Arnold reporting unit requires us to make assumptions regarding future operational results including revenue growth rates and gross margins. If we do not achieve the forecasted revenue growth rates and gross margins, the results of the quantitative testing could change, potentially leading to additional testing and impairment at the reporting unit that was tested quantitatively.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
We use a qualitative approach to test indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform quantitative impairment testing. Our indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names with a carrying value of approximately $57.0 million. The results of the qualitative analysis of our reporting unit's indefinite-lived intangible assets, which we completed as of March 31, 2022, indicated that the fair value of the indefinite lived intangible assets exceeded their carrying value.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note A - "Presentation and Principles of Consolidation" of the condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes to our market risk since December 31, 2021. For a further discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to the section entitled "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" that was disclosed in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As required by Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") Rule 13a-15(b), the Trust's Regular Trustees and the LLC’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the LLC, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Trust's and the LLC’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)), as of September 30, 2022. Based on that evaluation, the Trust's Regular Trustees and the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the LLC concluded that the Trust's and the LLC’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2022.
There have been no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) during our most recently completed fiscal quarter, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
There have been no material changes to those legal proceedings associated with the Company’s business together with legal proceedings for the businesses discussed in the section entitled "Legal Proceedings" that was disclosed in Part I, Item 3 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the SEC on February 24, 2022.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
The risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 should be considered together with information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 and should not be considered the only risks to which we are exposed. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial also may impair our business, including our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition. We believe there have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit Number |  | Description
10.1 |  | Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among Compass Diversified Holdings LLC, the financial institutions party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., dated as of July 12, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8-K filed on July 13, 2022).
31.1* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant
31.2* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant
32.1*+ |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*+ |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS* |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  | Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

* | Filed herewith.
+ | In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

80

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 3, 2022 | COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
| By: |  | /s/ Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Regular Trustee

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: November 3, 2022 | COMPASS GROUP DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS LLC
| By: |  | /s/ Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

81

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number |  | Description
10.1 |  | Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among Compass Diversified Holdings LLC, the financial institutions party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., dated as of July 12, 2022 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Form 8-K filed on July 13, 2022).
31.1* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant
31.2* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant
32.1*+ |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*+ |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS* |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  | Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

* | Filed herewith.
+ | In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

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