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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
Or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

| Delaware |  | 001-34927 |  | 57-6218917 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (Commission file number) |  | (I.R.S. employer identification number) |

COMPASS GROUP DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS LLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

| Delaware |  | 001-34926 |  | 20-3812051 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (Commission file number) |  | (I.R.S. employer identification number) |

301 Riverside Avenue, Second Floor, Westport, CT 06880
(203) 221-1703
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series A Preferred Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI PR A |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series B Preferred Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI PR B |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series C Preferred Shares representing beneficial interests in Compass Diversified Holdings |  | CODI PR C |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

| Large accelerated filer |  | x |  | Accelerated filer |  | ¨ | Non-accelerated filer |  | ¨ |
| Smaller reporting company |  | ☐ |  | Emerging growth company |  | ☐ |  |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ý
As of April 26, 2024, there we re 75,384,052 Tr ust common shares of Compass Diversified Holdings outstanding.

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
For the period ended March 31, 2024
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  |  |  | Page Number
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS |  | 4
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |  |
ITEM 1. |  | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) |  |
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS |  | 5
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS |  | 6
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME |  | 7
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  | 8
|  | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS |  | 9
|  | NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |  | 11
ITEM 2. |  | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |  | 38
ITEM 3. |  | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |  | 64
ITEM 4. |  | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |  | 64
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |  | 65
ITEM 1. |  | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |  | 65
ITEM 1A. |  | RISK FACTORS |  | 65
ITEM 6. |  | EXHIBITS |  | 66
SIGNATURES |  |  | 68

2

NOTE TO READER
In reading this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, references to:
•the “Trust” and “Holdings” refer to Compass Diversified Holdings;
•the “LLC” refer to Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC;
•the "Company" refer to Compass Diversified Holdings and Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC, collectively;
•“businesses”, “operating segments”, “subsidiaries” and “reporting units” all refer to, collectively, the businesses controlled by the Company;
•the “Manager” refer to Compass Group Management LLC (“CGM”);
•the "Trust Agreement" refer to the Third Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust dated as of August 3, 2021;
•the "2022 Credit Facility" refer to the third amended and restated credit agreement entered into on July 12, 2022 among the LLC, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and letter of credit issuer (the "agent")
•the "2022 Revolving Credit Facility" refers to the $600 million in revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit provided by the 2022 Credit Facility that matures in 2027;
•the "2022 Term Loan" refer to the $400 million term loan provided by the 2022 Credit Facility;
•the "LLC Agreement" refer to the Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company dated as of August 3, 2021, as further amended; and
•"we," "us" and "our" refer to the Trust, the Company and the businesses together.
3

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, contains both historical and forward-looking statements. We may, in some cases, use words such as "project," "predict," "believe," "anticipate," "plan," "expect," "estimate," "intend," "should," "would," "could," "potentially," "may," or other words that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes to identify these forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical or current fact are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws. Forward looking statements include, among other things, (i) statements as to our future performance or liquidity, such as expectations for our results of operation, net income, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted earnings, and ability to make quarterly distributions and (ii) our plans, strategies and objectives for future operations, including our business outlook and planned capital expenditures. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed or incorporated by reference in our filings with the SEC, including, but not limited to, those described under the section entitled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 28, 2024, as such factors may be updated from time to time in our filings with the SEC. Many of these risks and uncertainties are beyond our control. Important factors that could cause our actual results, performance and achievements to differ materially from those estimates or projections contained in our forward-looking statements include, among other things:
•changes in general economic, political or business conditions or economic, political or demographic trends in the United States and other countries in which we have a presence, including changes in interest rates and inflation;
•disruption in the global supply chain, labor shortages and high labor costs;
•difficulties and delays in integrating, or business disruptions following, acquisitions or an inability to fully realize cost savings and other benefit related thereto;
•our ability to successfully operate our subsidiary businesses on a combined basis, and to effectively integrate and improve future acquisitions;
•our ability to maintain our credit facilities or incur additional borrowings on terms we deem attractive;
•our ability to remove CGM and CGM’s right to resign;
•our organizational structure, which may limit our ability to meet our dividend and distribution policy;
•our ability to service and comply with the terms of our indebtedness;
•our ability to make distributions in the future to our shareholders;
•our ability to pay the management fee and profit allocation if and when due;
•our ability to make and finance future acquisitions;
•our ability to implement our acquisition and management strategies;
•the legal and regulatory environment in which our subsidiaries operate;
•trends in the industries in which our subsidiaries operate;
•future changes in laws or regulations (including the interpretation of these laws and regulations by regulatory authorities);
•risks associated with possible disruption in operations or the economy generally due to terrorism or natural disaster or social, civil or political unrest;
•environmental risks affecting the business or operations of our subsidiaries;
•our and CGM’s ability to retain or replace qualified employees of our subsidiaries and CGM;
•the impact of the tax reclassifications of the Trust;
•costs and effects of legal and administrative proceedings, settlements, investigations and claims; and
•extraordinary or force majeure events affecting the business or operations of our subsidiary businesses.
Our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities could differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. Additional risks of which we are not currently aware or which we currently deem immaterial could also cause our actual results to differ.
In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. The forward-looking events discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
4

PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

|  | March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
(in thousands) |  | (Unaudited) |  |
Assets |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 64,715 |  |  | $ | 450,477 |
Accounts receivable, net |  | 338,310 |  |  | 318,241 |
Inventories, net |  | 788,809 |  |  | 740,387 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 126,764 |  |  | 94,715 |
Total current assets |  | 1,318,598 |  |  | 1,603,820 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | 191,869 |  |  | 192,562 |
Goodwill |  | 1,023,024 |  |  | 901,428 |
Intangible assets, net |  | 1,145,439 |  |  | 923,905 |
Other non-current assets |  | 186,099 |  |  | 195,266 |
Total assets |  | $ | 3,865,029 |  |  | $ | 3,816,981 |
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 82,371 |  |  | $ | 93,412 |
Accrued expenses |  | 175,702 |  |  | 157,456 |
Due to related parties (refer to Note P) |  | 17,202 |  |  | 16,025 |
Current portion, long-term debt |  | 10,000 |  |  | 10,000 |
Other current liabilities |  | 37,681 |  |  | 35,465 |
Total current liabilities |  | 322,956 |  |  | 312,358 |
Deferred income taxes |  | 139,861 |  |  | 120,131 |
Long-term debt |  | 1,705,982 |  |  | 1,661,879 |
Other non-current liabilities |  | 202,019 |  |  | 203,232 |
Total liabilities |  | 2,370,818 |  |  | 2,297,600 |
Commitments and contingencies (refer to Note O) |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |
Trust preferred shares, 50,000 authorized; 12,634 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and 12,600 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Series A preferred shares, no par value; 4,008 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and 4,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  | 96,600 |  |  | 96,417 |
Series B preferred shares, no par value; 4,004 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and and 4,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  | 96,593 |  |  | 96,504 |
Series C preferred shares, no par value; 4,623 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and 4,600 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  | 111,552 |  |  | 110,997 |
Trust common shares, no par value, 500,000 authorized; 75,807 shares issued and 75,324 shares outstanding at March 31, 2024 and 75,753 issued and 75,270 outstanding at December 31, 2023 |  | 1,282,521 |  |  | 1,281,303 |
Treasury shares, at cost |  | (9,339) |  |  | (9,339) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (1,961) |  |  | 111 |
Accumulated deficit |  | (324,695) |  |  | (249,243) |
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to Holdings |  | 1,251,271 |  |  | 1,326,750 |
Noncontrolling interest |  | 242,940 |  |  | 192,631 |
Total stockholders’ equity |  | 1,494,211 |  |  | 1,519,381 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 3,865,029 |  |  | $ | 3,816,981 |

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

|  | Three months ended March 31, |  |
(in thousands, except per share data) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
Net revenues |  | $ | 524,290 |  |  | $ | 483,933 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of revenues |  | 282,463 |  |  | 278,869 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | 241,827 |  |  | 205,064 |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expense |  | 150,714 |  |  | 130,264 |  |  |  |  |
Management fees |  | 18,067 |  |  | 16,270 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization expense |  | 26,288 |  |  | 23,973 |  |  |  |  |
Impairment expense |  | 8,182 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | 38,576 |  |  | 34,557 |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net |  | (23,575) |  |  | (26,180) |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of debt issuance costs |  | (1,005) |  |  | (1,005) |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense), net |  | (2,874) |  |  | 1,160 |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes |  | 11,122 |  |  | 8,532 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes |  | 8,686 |  |  | 6,920 |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations |  | 2,436 |  |  | 1,612 |  |  |  |  |
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |  |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of income taxes |  | 3,345 |  |  | 97,989 |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | 5,781 |  |  | 109,601 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | 7,429 |  |  | 4,171 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | — |  |  | 33 |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (1,648) |  |  | $ | 105,397 |  |  |  |  |
Amounts attributable to Holdings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss from continuing operations |  | $ | (4,993) |  |  | $ | (2,559) |  |  |  |  |
Income from discontinued operations, net of income tax |  | — |  |  | 9,967 |  |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of income tax |  | 3,345 |  |  | 97,989 |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (1,648) |  |  | $ | 105,397 |  |  |  |  |
Basic income (loss) per common share attributable to Holdings (refer to Note J) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Continuing operations |  | $ | (0.89) |  |  | $ | (0.19) |  |  |  |  |
Discontinued operations |  | 0.04 |  |  | 1.48 |  |  |  |  |
Basic income (loss) per common share attributable to Holdings (refer to Note J) |  | $ | (0.85) |  |  | $ | 1.29 |  |  |  |  |
Basic weighted average number of shares of common shares outstanding |  | 75,274 |  |  | 72,178 |  |  |  |  |
Cash distributions declared per Trust common share (refer to Note J) |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  |  |  |

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)

|  | Three months ended March 31, |  |
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 5,781 |  |  | $ | 109,601 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | (1,239) |  |  | 1,246 |  |  |  |  |
Pension benefit liability, net |  | (833) |  |  | (524) |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (2,072) |  |  | 722 |  |  |  |  |
Total comprehensive income, net of tax |  | $ | 3,709 |  |  | $ | 110,323 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | 7,429 |  |  | 4,204 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | (56) |  |  | 20 |  |  |  |  |
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings, net of tax |  | $ | (3,664) |  |  | $ | 106,099 |  |  |  |  |

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
7

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)

(in thousands) | Trust Preferred Shares |  | Trust Common Shares |  |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Holdings |  | Non- Controlling Interest |  | Non- Controlling Interest Attributable to Disc. Ops. |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
| Series A |  | Series B |  | Series C |  |  | Treasury Shares |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance — January 1, 2023 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,207,044 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (372,906) |  |  | $ | (1,136) |  |  | $ | 1,136,920 |  |  | $ | 203,464 |  |  | $ | 21,578 |  |  | $ | 1,361,962 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 105,397 |  |  | — |  |  | 105,397 |  |  | 4,171 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 109,601 |
Total comprehensive income, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 722 |  |  | 722 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 722 |
Issuance of Trust common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (48) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (48) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (48) |
Purchase of Trust common shares for treasury | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,954) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,954) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,954) |
Option activity attributable to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,641 |  |  | 1,377 |  |  | 3,018 |
Effect of subsidiary stock option exercise | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (848) |  |  | — |  |  | (848) |
Disposition of ACI | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,729) |  |  | (1,729) |
Distributions paid - Trust Common Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,051) |  |  | — |  |  | (18,051) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,051) |
Distributions paid - Trust Preferred Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |
Balance — March 31, 2023 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,206,996 |  |  | $ | (3,954) |  |  | $ | (291,605) |  |  | $ | (414) |  |  | $ | 1,214,941 |  |  | $ | 208,433 |  |  | $ | 21,259 |  |  | $ | 1,444,633 |
Balance — January 1, 2024 | $ | 96,417 |  |  | $ | 96,504 |  |  | $ | 110,997 |  |  | $ | 1,281,303 |  |  | $ | (9,339) |  |  | $ | (249,243) |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | 1,326,750 |  |  | $ | 192,631 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,519,381 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,648) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,648) |  |  | 7,429 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,781 |
Total comprehensive loss, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,072) |  |  | (2,072) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,072) |
Issuance of Trust common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,218 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,218 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,218 |
Issuance of Trust preferred shares | 183 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 555 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 827 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 827 |
Option activity attributable to noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,330 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,330 |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,510) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,510) |
Reclassification of noncontrolling shareholder interest to liability | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (614) |  |  | — |  |  | (614) |
Acquisition of THP | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 41,674 |  |  | — |  |  | 41,674 |
Distributions paid - Allocation Interests (refer to Note J) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (48,941) |  |  | — |  |  | (48,941) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (48,941) |
Distributions paid - Trust Common Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,818) |  |  | — |  |  | (18,818) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,818) |
Distributions paid - Trust Preferred Shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,045) |
Balance — March 31, 2024 | $ | 96,600 |  |  | $ | 96,593 |  |  | $ | 111,552 |  |  | $ | 1,282,521 |  |  | $ | (9,339) |  |  | $ | (324,695) |  |  | $ | (1,961) |  |  | $ | 1,251,271 |  |  | $ | 242,940 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,494,211 |

8

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
| Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 5,781 |  |  | $ | 109,601 |
Income from discontinued operations | — |  |  | 10,000 |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations | 3,345 |  |  | 97,989 |
Income from continuing operations | 2,436 |  |  | 1,612 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation expense | 10,892 |  |  | 11,155 |
Amortization expense - intangibles | 26,288 |  |  | 23,973 |
Amortization expense - inventory step-up | 2,826 |  |  | 1,175 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,005 |  |  | 1,005 |
Impairment expense | 8,182 |  |  | — |
Noncontrolling stockholder stock based compensation | 4,330 |  |  | 1,641 |
Provision for receivable and inventory reserves | (812) |  |  | (1,224) |
Deferred taxes | (7,921) |  |  | (6,351) |
Other | 427 |  |  | 390 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (4,427) |  |  | 5,623 |
Inventories | (30,606) |  |  | (46,799) |
Other current and non-current assets | 2,622 |  |  | 3,024 |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (28,443) |  |  | 1,260 |
Cash used in operating activities - continuing operations | (13,201) |  |  | (3,516) |
Cash provided by operating activities - discontinued operations | — |  |  | 19,061 |
Cash provided by (used in) provided by operating activities | (13,201) |  |  | 15,545 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (379,524) |  |  | — |
Purchases of property and equipment | (7,747) |  |  | (14,897) |
Proceeds from sale of businesses | 3,345 |  |  | 103,042 |
Other investing activities | 1,448 |  |  | (303) |
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities - continuing operations | (382,478) |  |  | 87,842 |
Cash provided by investing activities - discontinued operations | — |  |  | 66,882 |
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (382,478) |  |  | 154,724 |

9

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
| Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds and expenses from issuance of Trust common shares, net | 1,218 |  |  | (48) |
Proceeds and expenses from issuance of Trust preferred shares, net | 827 |  |  | — |
Purchase of treasury shares, net | — |  |  | (3,954) |
Borrowings under credit facility | 100,000 |  |  | 76,000 |
Repayments under credit facility | (54,000) |  |  | (223,000) |
Principal payments - term loan | (2,500) |  |  | (2,500) |
Distributions paid - common shares | (18,818) |  |  | (18,051) |
Distributions paid - preferred shares | (6,045) |  |  | (6,045) |
Distributions paid - allocation interests | (48,941) |  |  | — |
Net proceeds provided by noncontrolling shareholders | — |  |  | 5 |
Net proceeds provided by noncontrolling shareholders - acquisitions | 41,674 |  |  | — |
Purchase of noncontrolling interest | (2,510) |  |  | (848) |
Other | — |  |  | (5) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 10,905 |  |  | (178,446) |
Foreign currency impact on cash | (989) |  |  | 562 |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (385,763) |  |  | (7,615) |
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period (1) | 450,478 |  |  | 61,271 |
Cash and cash equivalents — end of period (2) | $ | 64,715 |  |  | $ | 53,656 |

(1) Includes cash from discontinued operations of $4.7 million at January 1, 2023.
(2) Includes cash from discontinued operations of $3.8 million at March 31, 2023.
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
10

COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
March 31, 2024
Note A - Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
Compass Diversified Holdings, a Delaware statutory trust (the "Trust") and Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the "LLC"), were formed to acquire and manage a group of small and middle-market businesses headquartered in North America. Collectively, Compass Diversified Holdings and Compass Group Diversified Holdings, LLC are referred to as the "Company". In accordance with the Third Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of August 3, 2021 (as amended and restated, the "Trust Agreement"), the Trust is sole owner of 100% of the Trust Interests (as defined in the Company’s Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, dated as of August 3, 2021 (as amended and restated, the "LLC Agreement")) of the LLC and, pursuant to the LLC Agreement, the LLC has, outstanding, the identical number of Trust Interests as the number of outstanding common shares of the Trust. The LLC is the operating entity with a board of directors and other corporate governance responsibilities, similar to that of a Delaware corporation.
The LLC is a controlling owner of ten businesses, or operating segments, at March 31, 2024. The segments are as follows: 5.11 Acquisition Corp. ("5.11"), Boa Holdings Inc. ("BOA"), The Ergo Baby Carrier, Inc. ("Ergobaby"), Lugano Holdings, Inc. ("Lugano Diamonds" or "Lugano"), Relentless Topco, Inc. ("PrimaLoft"), THP Topco, Inc. ("The Honey Pot Co." or "THP"), CBCP Products, LLC ("Velocity Outdoor" or "Velocity"), AMTAC Holdings LLC ("Arnold"), FFI Compass, Inc. ("Altor Solutions" or "Altor"), and SternoCandleLamp Holdings, Inc. ("Sterno"). The segments are referred to interchangeably as “businesses”, “operating segments” or “subsidiaries” throughout the financial statements. Refer to Note E - "Operating Segment Data" for further discussion of the operating segments. Compass Group Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability Company ("CGM" or the "Manager"), manages the day to day operations of the LLC and oversees the management and operations of our businesses pursuant to a management services agreement (the "Management Services Agreement" or "MSA").
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements for the three month periods ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management, contain all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements. Such adjustments consist solely of normal recurring items. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any subsequent interim period. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP" or "GAAP") and presented as permitted by Form 10-Q and do not contain certain information included in the annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes of the Company. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Trust and the Company, as well as the businesses acquired as of their respective acquisition date. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Discontinued operating entities are reflected as discontinued operations in the Company's results of operations and statements of financial position.
Discontinued Operations
The Company completed the sale of Wheelhouse Holdings, Inc. ("Marucci") during the fourth quarter of 2023 and Compass AC Holdings, Inc. ("Advanced Circuits or "ACI") during the first quarter of 2023. The results of operations of Marucci and ACI are reported as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Refer to Note C - "Discontinued Operations" for additional information. Unless otherwise indicated, the disclosures accompanying the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the Company's continuing operations.
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Seasonality
Earnings of certain of our operating segments are seasonal in nature due to various recurring events, holidays and seasonal weather patterns, as well as the timing of our acquisitions during a given year. Historically, the third and fourth quarter have produced the highest net sales in our fiscal year, however, due to various acquisitions in the last three years, there is generally less seasonality in our net sales on a consolidated basis than there has been historically.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This guidance will require, among other things, the following: (i) enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") and included in a segment's reported measure of profit or loss; (ii) disclosure of the amount and description of the composition of other segment items, as defined in ASU 2023-07, by reportable segment; and (iii) reporting the disclosures about each reportable segment's profit or loss and assets on an annual and interim basis. The guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this ASU will have when adopted and anticipates the ASU will likely result in additional disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This guidance will require, among other things, the following for public business entities: (i) enhanced disclosures of specific categories of reconciling items included in the rate reconciliation, as well as additional information for any of these items meeting certain qualitative and quantitative thresholds; (ii) disclosure of the judgment used in categorizing them if not otherwise evident; and (iii) enhanced disclosures for income taxes paid, which includes federal, state, and foreign taxes, as well as for individual jurisdictions over a certain quantitative threshold. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 eliminate the requirement to disclose the nature and estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change in unrecognized tax benefits for the 12 months after the balance sheet date. The guidance will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this ASU will have when adopted and anticipates the ASU will likely result in additional disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note B — Acquisitions
The acquisitions of our businesses are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting. For each platform acquisition, the Company typically structures the transaction so that a newly created holding company acquires 100% of the equity interests in the acquired business. The entirety of the purchase consideration is paid by the newly created holding company to the selling shareholders. The total purchase consideration is the amount paid to the selling shareholders and we will, from time to time, allow the selling shareholder to reinvest a portion of their proceeds alongside the Company at the same price per share, into the holding company that acquires the target business. Once the acquisition is complete, the selling shareholders no longer hold equity interests in the acquired company, but rather hold noncontrolling interest in the holding company that acquired the target business. Because the selling shareholders are investing in the transaction alongside the Company at the same price per share as the Company and are not retaining their existing equity in the acquired business, the Company includes the amount provided by noncontrolling shareholders in the total purchase consideration.
A component of our acquisition financing strategy that we utilize in acquiring the businesses we own and manage is to provide both equity capital and debt capital, raised at the parent level, typically through our existing credit facility. The debt capital is in the form of “intercompany loans” made by the LLC to the newly created holding company and the acquired business and are due from the newly created holding company and the acquired business, and payable to the LLC by the newly created holding company and the acquired business. The selling shareholders of the acquired businesses are not a party to the intercompany loan agreements nor do they have any obligation to repay the intercompany loans. These intercompany loans eliminate in consolidation and are not reflected on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
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Acquisition of The Honey Pot Co.
On January 31, 2024 (the "Closing Date"), the LLC, through its newly formed acquisition subsidiaries, THP Topco, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“THP Topco”) and THP Intermediate, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“THP Buyer”), acquired The Honey Pot Company Holdings, LLC (“THP”) and certain of its affiliated entities pursuant to a Merger and Stock Purchase Agreement (the “THP Purchase Agreement”) dated January 14, 2024 by and among THP Buyer, THP, VMG Honey Pot Blocker, Inc. (“Blocker I”), NVB1, Inc. (“Blocker II”), VMG Tax-Exempt IV, L.P., New Voices Fund, LP, THP Merger Sub, LLC (“THP Merger Sub”), VMG Honey Pot Holdings, LLC, as the Sellers’ Representative, and certain remaining equity holders of THP. Pursuant to the THP Purchase Agreement, subsequent to certain internal reorganizations, THP Buyer acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity of Blocker I and Blocker II and, thereafter, THP Merger Sub merged with and into THP (the “THP Merger”), with THP surviving such that the separate existence of THP Merger Sub ceased, with THP surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned, indirect subsidiary of the THP Topco. THP is the parent company of The Honey Pot Company (DE), LLC (“The Honey Pot Co.”).
The Company paid a purchase price of approximately $380 million, before working capital and certain other adjustments, at the Closing (the “THP Purchase Price”). The Company funded the THP Purchase Price with cash on hand. Certain minority equity holders of THP executed agreements pursuant to which they contributed a portion of their THP equity (the “Rollover Equity”) to THP Topco in exchange for THP Topco common stock. THP Topco contributed the Rollover Equity to THP Buyer. Certain other members of The Honey Pot Co. management team also contributed cash in exchange for equity in THP Topco. The Company directly owns approximately 85% of THP Topco, which in turn indirectly owns all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of THP and The Honey Pot Co. Concurrent with the Closing, the Company provided a credit facility to THP Buyer, THP and The Honey Pot Co., as borrowers (the “THP Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which a secured revolving loan commitment and secured term loans were made available to Buyer, THP and The Honey Pot Co. (collectively, the “Borrowers”). The initial amount outstanding under these facilities on the Closing Date was approximately $110 million.
The Honey Pot Co. is a feminine care brand that offers an extensive range of holistic wellness products across feminine hygiene, menstrual, consumer health, and sexual wellness categories. The Honey Pot Co.’s mission is to educate, support, and provide consumers around the world with the tools and resources that promote menstrual health and vaginal wellness.
The results of operations of The Honey Pot Co. have been included in the consolidated results of operations since the date of acquisition. The Honey Pot Co.'s results of operations are reported as a separate operating segment as a branded consumer business. The table below provides the recording of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition.
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(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  | Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
Purchase Consideration |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 380,121 |
Fair value of identifiable assets acquired: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 4,076 |
Accounts receivable (1) |  |  |  |  |  | 16,361 |
Inventory |  |  |  |  |  | 18,986 |
Property, plant and equipment |  |  |  |  |  | 1,888 |
Intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  | 247,000 |
Other current and noncurrent assets |  |  |  |  |  | 3,958 |
Total identifiable assets |  |  |  |  |  | 292,269 |
Fair value of liabilities assumed: |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  | 10,957 |
Other liabilities |  |  |  |  |  | 1,480 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  |  |  | 27,846 |
Total liabilities |  |  |  |  |  | 40,283 |
Net identifiable assets acquired |  |  |  |  |  | 251,986 |
Goodwill |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 128,135 |

Acquisition consideration |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase price |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 380,000 |
Estimated cash acquired |  |  |  |  |  | 4,375 |
Net working capital adjustment |  |  |  |  |  | (3,126) |
Other adjustments |  |  |  |  |  | (1,128) |
Total purchase consideration |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 380,121 |

(1) The fair value of accounts receivable approximates book value acquired.
The preliminary allocation presented above is based upon management's estimate of the fair values using valuation techniques including income, cost and market approaches. In estimating the fair value of the identifiable acquired assets and assumed liabilities, the fair value estimates are based on, but not limited to, expected future revenue and cash flows, expected future growth rates and estimated discount rates. Current and noncurrent assets, property, plant and equipment and current and other liabilities are estimated at their historical carrying values, which approximates fair value. Inventory is recognized at fair value, with finished goods stated at selling price less an estimated cost to sell. Property, plant and equipment will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over the remaining useful lives of the assets. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable net assets and represents the future economic benefits expected to arise from other intangible assets acquired that do not qualify for separate recognition, including assembled workforce and non-contractual relationships, as well as expected future synergies. The goodwill of $128.1 million reflects the strategic fit of The Honey Pot Co. in the Company's branded consumer business and is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The purchase price of The Honey Pot Co. is expected to be finalized in the second quarter of 2024.
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The intangible assets recorded related to The Honey Pot Co. acquisition are as follows (in thousands):

Intangible Assets |  | Fair Value |  | Estimated Useful Lives
Tradename |  | $ | 225,000 |  |  | 18 years
Customer relationships |  | 22,000 |  |  | 13 years
|  | $ | 247,000 |  |  |

The tradename was considered the primary intangible asset and was valued at $225.0 million using a multi-period excess earnings method. The customer relationships were valued at $22.0 million using a multi period excess earnings method. The multi period excess earnings method assumes an asset has value to the extent that it enables its owners to earn a return in excess of the other assets utilized in the business.
Unaudited pro forma information
The following unaudited pro forma data for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 gives effect to the acquisition of The Honey Pot Co., as described above, and the dispositions of ACI and Marucci, as if these transaction had been completed as of January 1, 2023. The pro forma data gives effect to historical operating results with adjustments to interest expense, amortization expense, management fees and related tax effects. The information is provided for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have occurred if the transaction had been consummated on the date indicated, nor is it necessarily indicative of future operating results of the consolidated companies, and should not be construed as representing results for any future period.

|  | Three months ended |  | Three months ended
(in thousands, except per share data) |  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023
Net sales |  | $ | 534,961 |  |  | $ | 515,811 |
Gross profit |  | $ | 248,161 |  |  | $ | 224,014 |
Operating income |  | $ | 39,816 |  |  | $ | 39,450 |
Net income from continuing operations |  | $ | 3,156 |  |  | $ | 4,890 |
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (4,512) |  |  | $ | (25) |
Basic and fully diluted net loss per share attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (0.87) |  |  | $ | (0.15) |

Note C — Discontinued Operations
Sale of Marucci
On November 1, 2023, the LLC, solely in its capacity as the representative of the holders of stock and options of Marucci, a majority owned subsidiary of the LLC, entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger with Fox Factory, Inc. (“Marucci Purchaser”), Marucci Merger Sub, Inc. (“Marucci Merger Sub”) and Wheelhouse, pursuant to which Marucci Purchaser agreed to acquire all of the issued and outstanding securities of Wheelhouse, the parent company of the operating entity, Marucci Sports, LLC, through a merger of Marucci Merger Sub with and into Wheelhouse, with Wheelhouse surviving the merger and becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Marucci Purchaser. On November 14, 2023, the parties completed the Merger. The sale price of Wheelhouse was based on an enterprise value of $572 million, subject to certain adjustments based on matters such as transaction tax benefits, transaction expenses of Wheelhouse, the net working capital and cash and debt balances of Wheelhouse at the time of the closing. After the allocation of the sales price to Wheelhouse non-controlling equity holders and the payment of transaction expenses, CODI received approximately $484.0 million of total proceeds at closing of which $87.3 million related to the repayment of intercompany loans with the Company. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain on sale of Marucci of $241.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2023. In the first quarter of 2024, the LLC received a net working capital settlement of approximately $3.3 million related to Marucci, which was recognized as an additional gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations. The proceeds from the Marucci sale were used to pay down outstanding debt under the Company’s 2022 Credit Facility, as well as, to fund a subsequent acquisition by Company.
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Summarized results of operations of Marucci for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):

| Three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales | $ | 58,295 |
Gross profit | $ | 32,767 |
Operating income | $ | 14,340 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes (1) | $ | 14,307 |
Provision for income taxes | $ | 2,916 |
Income from discontinued operations (1) | $ | 11,391 |

(1) The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 excludes $2.4 million of intercompany interest expense.
Sale of Advanced Circuits
On January 10, 2023, the LLC, solely in its capacity as the representative of the holders of stock and options of Compass AC Holdings, Inc., a majority owned subsidiary of the LLC, entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger with APCT Inc. (“ACI Purchaser”), Circuit Merger Sub, Inc. (“ACI Merger Sub”) and Advanced Circuits, pursuant to which ACI Purchaser agreed to acquire all of the issued and outstanding securities of Advanced Circuits, the parent company of the operating entity, Advanced Circuits, Inc., through a merger of ACI Merger Sub with and into Advanced Circuits, with Advanced Circuits surviving the merger and becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of ACI Purchaser (the “ACI Merger”). The ACI Merger was completed on February 14, 2023. The sale price of Advanced Circuits was based on an enterprise value of $220 million, subject to certain adjustments based on matters such as the working capital and cash and debt balances of Advanced Circuits at the time of the closing. After the allocation of the sales price to Advanced Circuits non-controlling equity holders and the payment of transaction expenses, the Company received approximately $170.9 million of total proceeds at closing, of which $66.9 million related to the repayment of intercompany loans with the Company. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain on sale of $106.9 million on the sale of Advanced Circuits in the year ended December 31, 2023.
Summarized results of operations of ACI for the period of January 1, 2023 through the date of disposition are as follows (in thousands):

| For the period January 1, 2023 through disposition
Net sales | $ | 8,829 |
Gross profit | $ | 3,663 |
Operating income | $ | 1,058 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes (1) | $ | (2,464) |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | $ | (1,073) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (1) | $ | (1,391) |

(1) The results of operations for the period from January 1, 2023 through disposition excludes $1.4 million of intercompany interest expense.
Note D — Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these goods or services, and excludes any sales incentives or taxes collected from customers which are subsequently remitted to government authorities.
Disaggregated Revenue - The Company disaggregates revenue by strategic business unit and by geography for each strategic business unit which are categories that depict how the nature, amount and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The disaggregation in the tables below reflects where revenue is earned based on the shipping address of our customers unless otherwise noted. This disaggregation also represents how the Company evaluates its financial performance, as well as how the Company communicates its
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financial performance to the investors and other users of its financial statements. Each strategic business unit represents the Company’s reportable segments and offers different products and services.
The following tables provide disaggregation of revenue by reportable segment geography for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

Three months ended March 31, 2024
| United States |  | Mexico |  | Europe |  | Asia Pacific |  | Other International |  | Total
5.11 | $ | 96,170 |  |  | $ | 7,499 |  |  | $ | 8,092 |  |  | $ | 4,064 |  |  | $ | 9,149 |  |  | $ | 124,974 |
BOA (1) | 12,561 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 17,050 |  |  | 13,169 |  |  | 114 |  |  | 42,903 |
Ergobaby | 9,134 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 5,915 |  |  | 4,042 |  |  | 2,116 |  |  | 21,218 |
Lugano | 102,389 |  |  | 158 |  |  | — |  |  | 492 |  |  | — |  |  | 103,039 |
PrimaLoft (1) | 101 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,196 |  |  | 21,118 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 22,541 |
The Honey Pot Co. | 20,078 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 87 |  |  | 20,165 |
Velocity Outdoor | 26,185 |  |  | 381 |  |  | 527 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 2,637 |  |  | 29,899 |
Altor | 46,544 |  |  | 6,860 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 53,404 |
Arnold | 27,933 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 11,004 |  |  | 1,431 |  |  | 828 |  |  | 41,287 |
Sterno | 62,486 |  |  | — |  |  | 584 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,789 |  |  | 64,860 |
| $ | 403,581 |  |  | $ | 15,009 |  |  | $ | 44,368 |  |  | $ | 44,486 |  |  | $ | 16,846 |  |  | $ | 524,290 |

Three months ended March 31, 2023
| United States |  | Mexico |  | Europe |  | Asia Pacific |  | Other International |  | Total
5.11 | $ | 98,527 |  |  | $ | 6,040 |  |  | $ | 6,607 |  |  | $ | 4,183 |  |  | $ | 9,095 |  |  | $ | 124,452 |
BOA (1) | 11,299 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 14,652 |  |  | 11,696 |  |  | 333 |  |  | 37,986 |
Ergobaby | 8,829 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,865 |  |  | 4,534 |  |  | 2,190 |  |  | 22,418 |
Lugano | 63,887 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 63,887 |
PrimaLoft (1) | 172 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 1,033 |  |  | 23,110 |  |  | 175 |  |  | 24,529 |
Velocity Outdoor | 29,892 |  |  | 284 |  |  | 1,340 |  |  | 129 |  |  | 2,395 |  |  | 34,040 |
Altor | 53,462 |  |  | 8,050 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 61,512 |
Arnold | 26,649 |  |  | 122 |  |  | 10,983 |  |  | 1,411 |  |  | 925 |  |  | 40,090 |
Sterno | 71,588 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,247 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,184 |  |  | 75,019 |
| $ | 364,305 |  |  | $ | 14,541 |  |  | $ | 42,727 |  |  | $ | 45,063 |  |  | $ | 17,297 |  |  | $ | 483,933 |

(1)For BOA and PrimaLoft, revenue reflects the location of the Brand Partners of each business.
Note E — Operating Segment Data
At March 31, 2024, the Company had ten reportable operating segments. Each operating segment represents a platform acquisition. The Company’s operating segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services. While each is actively managed by the Company, they are managed separately because each business requires different technology and marketing strategies. A description of each of the reportable segments and the types of products from which each segment derives its revenues is as follows:
•5.11 is a leading provider of purpose-built technical apparel and gear for law enforcement, firefighters, EMS, and military special operations as well as outdoor and adventure enthusiasts. 5.11 is a brand known for innovation and authenticity, and works directly with end users to create purpose-built apparel and gear designed to enhance the safety, accuracy, speed and performance of tactical professionals and enthusiasts worldwide. Headquartered in Costa Mesa, California, 5.11 operates sales offices and distribution centers globally, and 5.11 products are widely distributed in uniform stores, military exchanges, outdoor retail stores, its own retail stores and on 511tactical.com.
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•BOA, creator of the revolutionary, award-winning, patented BOA Fit System, partners with market-leading brands to make the best gear even better. Delivering fit solutions purpose-built for performance, the BOA Fit System is featured in footwear across snow sports, cycling, outdoor, athletic, workwear as well as performance headwear and bracing. The system consists of three integral parts: a micro-adjustable dial, high-tensile lightweight laces, and low friction lace guides creating a superior alternative to laces, buckles, Velcro, and other traditional closure mechanisms. Each unique BOA configuration is designed with brand partners to deliver superior fit and performance for athletes, is engineered to perform in the toughest conditions and is backed by The BOA Lifetime Guarantee. BOA is headquartered in Denver, Colorado and has offices in Austria, Greater China, South Korea, and Japan.
•Ergobaby, headquartered in Torrance, California, is a designer, marketer and distributor of wearable baby carriers and accessories, blankets and swaddlers, nursing pillows, strollers, bouncers and related products. Ergobaby primarily sells its Ergobaby and Baby Tula branded products through brick-and-mortar retailers, national chain stores, online retailers, its own websites and distributors and derives more than 50% of its sales from outside of the United States.
•Lugano Diamonds is a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of high-end, one-of-a-kind jewelry sought after by some of the world’s most discerning clientele. Lugano conducts sales via its own retail salons as well as pop-up showrooms at Lugano-hosted or sponsored events in partnership with influential organizations in the equestrian, art and philanthropic community. Lugano is headquartered in Newport Beach, California.
•PrimaLoft is a leading provider of branded, high-performance synthetic insulation and materials used primarily in consumer outerwear, and accessories. The portfolio of PrimaLoft synthetic insulations offers products that can both mimic natural down aesthetics and provide the freedom to design garments ranging from stylish puffers to lightweight performance apparel. PrimaLoft insulations also offer superior economics to the brand partner and enable better sustainability characteristics through the use of recycled, low-carbon inputs. PrimaLoft is headquartered in Latham, New York.
•The Honey Pot Co. is a leading “better-for-you” feminine care brand, powered by plant-derived ingredients and clinically tested formulas. Founded in 2012 by CEO Beatrice Dixon, The Honey Pot Co. is rooted in the belief that all products should be made with healthy and efficacious ingredients that are kind to and safe for skin. The company offers an extensive range of holistic wellness products across the feminine hygiene, menstrual, personal care, and sexual wellness categories. The Honey Pot Co.'s mission is to educate, support, and provide consumers around the world with tools and resources that promote menstrual health and vaginal wellness. Their products can be found in more than 33,000 stores across the U.S. through mass merchants, drug and grocery retail chains, and online. The Honey Pot Co. is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.
•Velocity Outdoor is a leading designer, manufacturer, and marketer of airguns, archery products, laser aiming devices, hunting apparel and related accessories. Velocity Outdoor offers its products under the Crosman, Benjamin, LaserMax, Ravin, CenterPoint and King's Camo brands that are available through national retail chains, mass merchants, dealer and distributor networks. The airgun product category consists of air rifles, air pistols and a range of accessories including targets, holsters and cases. Velocity Outdoor's other primary product categories are archery, with products including CenterPoint and Ravin crossbows, consumables, which includes steel and plastic BBs, lead pellets and CO2 cartridges, lasers for firearms, and airsoft products. The apparel category offers high-performance, feature rich hunting and casual apparel of uncompromised quality utilizing King’s own proprietary camo patterns. Velocity Outdoor is headquartered in Bloomfield, New York.
•Altor Solutions is a designer and manufacturer of custom molded protective foam solutions and original equipment manufacturer components made from expanded polystyrene and expanded polypropylene. Altor provides products to a variety of end markets, including appliances and electronics, pharmaceuticals, health and wellness, automotive, building and other products. Altor is headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and operates 15 molding and fabricating facilities across North America.
•Arnold is a global solutions provider and manufacturer of engineered solutions for a wide range of specialty applications and end-markets, including aerospace and defense, general industrial, motorsport/transportation, oil and gas, medical, energy, reprographics and advertising specialties. Arnold engineers solutions for and produces high performance permanent magnets (PMAG), stators, rotors and full electric motors ("Ramco"), precision foil products (Precision Thin Metals or "PTM"), and flexible magnets (Flexmag™) that are mission critical in motors, generators, sensors and other systems and components. Based on its long-term relationships, Arnold has built a diverse and blue-chip customer base totaling more than 2,000 customers and
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leading systems-integrators worldwide with a focus on North America, Europe, and Asia. Arnold has built a preferred rare earth supply chain and has leading rare earth and other permanent magnet production capabilities. Arnold is headquartered in Rochester, New York.
•Sterno is a leading manufacturer and marketer of portable food warming systems, creative indoor and outdoor lighting, and home fragrance solutions for the consumer markets. Sterno also manufactures creative indoor and outdoor lighting and home fragrance solutions for consumer markets. Sterno offers a broad range of wick and gel chafing systems, butane stoves and accessories, liquid and traditional wax candles, catering equipment and lamps through Sterno Products, as well as scented wax cubes, warmer products, outdoor lighting and essential oils used for home decor and fragrance systems through Rimports. Sterno is headquartered in Plano, Texas.
The tabular information that follows shows data for each of the operating segments reconciled to amounts reflected in the consolidated financial statements. The operations of each of the operating segments are included in consolidated operating results as of their date of acquisition. Segment profit is determined based on internal performance measures used by the Manager to assess the performance of each business. Corporate consists of corporate overhead and management fees that are not allocated to any of the Company's reportable segments. There were no significant inter-segment transactions.
Summary of Operating Segments

Net Revenues | Three months ended March 31, |  |
(in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
5.11 | $ | 124,974 |  |  | $ | 124,452 |  |  |  |  |
BOA | 42,903 |  |  | 37,986 |  |  |  |  |
Ergobaby | 21,218 |  |  | 22,418 |  |  |  |  |
Lugano | 103,039 |  |  | 63,887 |  |  |  |  |
PrimaLoft | 22,541 |  |  | 24,529 |  |  |  |  |
The Honey Pot Co. | 20,165 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Velocity Outdoor | 29,899 |  |  | 34,040 |  |  |  |  |
Altor Solutions | 53,404 |  |  | 61,512 |  |  |  |  |
Arnold | 41,287 |  |  | 40,090 |  |  |  |  |
Sterno | 64,860 |  |  | 75,019 |  |  |  |  |
Total segment revenue | 524,290 |  |  | 483,933 |  |  |  |  |
Corporate | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total consolidated revenues | $ | 524,290 |  |  | $ | 483,933 |  |  |  |  |

19

Segment Profit (Loss) | Three months ended March 31, |  |
(in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
5.11 | $ | 8,167 |  |  | $ | 7,670 |  |  |  |  |
BOA | 9,656 |  |  | 7,951 |  |  |  |  |
Ergobaby | (998) |  |  | 388 |  |  |  |  |
Lugano | 39,317 |  |  | 19,776 |  |  |  |  |
PrimaLoft | 3,300 |  |  | 5,021 |  |  |  |  |
The Honey Pot Co. | (2,650) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Velocity Outdoor | (12,424) |  |  | (3,276) |  |  |  |  |
Altor Solutions | 6,628 |  |  | 6,934 |  |  |  |  |
Arnold | 4,172 |  |  | 5,038 |  |  |  |  |
Sterno | 4,785 |  |  | 4,493 |  |  |  |  |
Total segment operating income | 59,953 |  |  | 53,995 |  |  |  |  |
Corporate (1) | (21,377) |  |  | (19,438) |  |  |  |  |
Total consolidated operating income | 38,576 |  |  | 34,557 |  |  |  |  |
Reconciliation of segment operating income (loss) to consolidated income from continuing operations before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | (23,575) |  |  | (26,180) |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | (1,005) |  |  | (1,005) |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense), net | (2,874) |  |  | 1,160 |  |  |  |  |
Total consolidated income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 11,122 |  |  | $ | 8,532 |  |  |  |  |

(1) Corporate operating loss is comprised of management fees paid to CGM and corporate overhead expenses.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense | Three months ended March 31, |  |
(in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
5.11 | $ | 5,799 |  |  | $ | 6,377 |  |  |  |  |
BOA | 5,237 |  |  | 5,636 |  |  |  |  |
Ergobaby | 2,160 |  |  | 2,014 |  |  |  |  |
Lugano | 2,115 |  |  | 2,718 |  |  |  |  |
PrimaLoft | 5,248 |  |  | 5,278 |  |  |  |  |
The Honey Pot Co. | 5,087 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Velocity Outdoor | 3,271 |  |  | 3,284 |  |  |  |  |
Altor Solutions | 4,023 |  |  | 4,104 |  |  |  |  |
Arnold | 2,145 |  |  | 1,978 |  |  |  |  |
Sterno | 4,921 |  |  | 4,914 |  |  |  |  |
Total | 40,006 |  |  | 36,303 |  |  |  |  |
Reconciliation of segment to consolidated total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,005 |  |  | 1,005 |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated total | $ | 41,011 |  |  | $ | 37,308 |  |  |  |  |

20

| Accounts Receivable |  | Identifiable Assets
| March 31, |  | December 31, |  | March 31, |  | December 31,
(in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 (1) |  | 2023 (1)
5.11 | $ | 51,512 |  |  | $ | 50,452 |  |  | $ | 377,402 |  |  | $ | 398,050 |
BOA | 3,153 |  |  | 1,368 |  |  | 241,695 |  |  | 243,243 |
Ergobaby | 11,832 |  |  | 12,018 |  |  | 73,031 |  |  | 73,660 |
Lugano | 136,345 |  |  | 124,776 |  |  | 591,460 |  |  | 510,484 |
PrimaLoft | 1,876 |  |  | 1,381 |  |  | 282,067 |  |  | 288,212 |
The Honey Pot Co. | 18,010 |  |  | — |  |  | 273,419 |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 20,904 |  |  | 24,458 |  |  | 202,480 |  |  | 207,609 |
Altor Solutions | 35,914 |  |  | 35,232 |  |  | 176,065 |  |  | 186,683 |
Arnold | 28,298 |  |  | 25,977 |  |  | 108,968 |  |  | 110,883 |
Sterno | 40,882 |  |  | 51,740 |  |  | 168,938 |  |  | 174,166 |
Sales allowance accounts | (10,416) |  |  | (9,161) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | 338,310 |  |  | 318,241 |  |  | 2,495,525 |  |  | 2,192,990 |
Reconciliation of segment to consolidated totals: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate and other identifiable assets | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,170 |  |  | 404,322 |
Total | $ | 338,310 |  |  | $ | 318,241 |  |  | $ | 2,503,695 |  |  | $ | 2,597,312 |

(1)Does not include accounts receivable balances per schedule above or goodwill balances - refer to Note G - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets".
Note F — Property, Plant and Equipment and Inventory
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is comprised of the following at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Machinery and equipment | $ | 241,161 |  |  | $ | 238,168 |
Furniture, fixtures and other | 70,492 |  |  | 67,652 |
Leasehold improvements | 97,212 |  |  | 95,530 |
Buildings and land | 12,812 |  |  | 12,816 |
Construction in process | 15,525 |  |  | 15,197 |
| 437,202 |  |  | 429,363 |
Less: accumulated depreciation | (245,333) |  |  | (236,801) |
Total | $ | 191,869 |  |  | $ | 192,562 |

Depreciation expense was $10.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $11.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
21

Inventory
Inventory is comprised of the following at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Raw materials | $ | 87,499 |  |  | $ | 97,209 |
Work-in-process | 39,306 |  |  | 25,516 |
Finished goods | 690,033 |  |  | 646,406 |
Less: obsolescence reserve | (28,029) |  |  | (28,744) |
Total | $ | 788,809 |  |  | $ | 740,387 |

Note G — Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
As a result of acquisitions of various businesses, the Company has significant intangible assets on its balance sheet that include goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles. The Company’s goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles are tested and reviewed for impairment annually as of March 31st or more frequently if facts and circumstances warrant by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. Each of the Company’s businesses represent a reporting unit.
Goodwill
Annual Impairment Testing
The Company uses a qualitative approach to test goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform quantitative goodwill impairment testing.
2024 Annual Impairment Testing
For our annual impairment testing at March 31, 2024, we performed a qualitative assessment of our reporting units. The results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it was more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each of our reporting units except Velocity exceeded their carrying value. Based on our analysis, we determined that the Velocity operating segment required quantitative testing because we could not conclude that the fair value of this reporting unit significantly exceeded the carrying value based on qualitative factors alone. We performed a quantitative test of Velocity and the results of the testing indicated that the fair value of Velocity did not exceed the carrying value, resulting in goodwill impairment expense of $8.2 million as of March 31, 2024.
2023 Annual Impairment Testing
The Company determined that the Velocity reporting unit required additional quantitative testing because we could not conclude that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value based on qualitative factors alone. For the reporting units that were tested only on a qualitative basis for the 2023 annual impairment testing, the results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it is more likely than not that the fair value exceeded the carrying value of these reporting units.
The quantitative test of Velocity was performed using an income approach to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. The discount rate used in the income approa ch was 15% and the results of the quantitative impairment testing indicated that the fair value of the Velocity reporting unit exceeded the carrying value by 21%.
Interim Impairment Testing
2023 Interim Impairment Testing
PrimaLoft - The Company performed an interim impairment test of goodwill at PrimaLoft as of December 31, 2023. As a result of operating results that were below forecast amounts that were used as the basis for the purchase price allocation performed when PrimaLoft was acquired as well as the failure of certain financial covenants in the intercompany credit agreement as of December 31, 2023, the Company determined that a triggering event had occurred. The Company performed the quantitative impairment test using both an income approach and a market approach. The prospective information used in the income approach considers macroeconomic data, industry and reporting unit specific facts and circumstances and is our best estimate of operational results and cash flows for the
22

PrimaLoft reporting unit as of the date of our impairment testing. The discount rate used in the income approach was 11.3%. The results of the quantitative impairment testing indicated that the fair value of the PrimaLoft reporting unit did not exceed its carrying value, resulting in goodwill impairment expense of $57.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2023.
Velocity Outdoor - The Company performed interim quantitative impairment testing of goodwill at Velocity at August 31, 2023. As a result of operating results that were below the forecast that we used in the quantitative impairment test of Velocity Outdoor at March 31, 2023, the Company determined that a triggering event had occurred at Velocity in the third quarter of 2023 and performed an interim impairment test as of August 31, 2023. The Company used an income approach for the impairment test, whereby we estimate the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimate of revenue growth rates and operating margins, and take into consideration industry and market conditions as well as company specific economic factors. The Company used a weighted average cost of capital of 17% in the income approach. The discount rate used was based on the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business specific characteristics and Velocity's ability to execute on projected cash flows. Based on the results of the impairment test, the fair value of Velocity did not exceed its carrying value. The Company recorded goodwill impairment of $31.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2023.
The following is a summary of the net carrying amount of goodwill at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, is as follows (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Goodwill - gross carrying amount | $ | 1,198,903 |  |  | $ | 1,069,125 |
Accumulated impairment losses (1) | (175,879) |  |  | (167,697) |
Goodwill - net carrying amount | $ | 1,023,024 |  |  | $ | 901,428 |

(1) Includes accumulated goodwill impairment expense of $20.6 million recorded at Ergobaby, $72.7 million at Velocity, $24.9 million at Arnold and $57.8 million at PrimaLoft. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded $8.2 million of goodwill impairment expense at Velocity. In the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded $31.6 million of goodwill impairment expense at Velocity and $57.8 million of goodwill impairment expense at PrimaLoft.
23

The following is a reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2024 by operating segment (in thousands):

|  | Balance at January 1, 2024 |  | Acquisitions/Measurement Period Adjustments |  | Goodwill Impairment |  |  |  |  |  | Balance at March 31, 2024
5.11 |  | $ | 92,966 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 92,966 |
BOA |  | 254,153 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 254,153 |
Ergobaby |  | 41,521 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 41,521 |
Lugano |  | 86,337 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 86,337 |
PrimaLoft |  | 232,536 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 232,536 |
The Honey Pot Co. |  | — |  |  | 128,135 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 128,135 |
Velocity Outdoor |  | 8,182 |  |  | — |  |  | (8,182) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Altor |  | 91,130 |  |  | 1,643 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 92,773 |
Arnold |  | 39,267 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 39,267 |
Sterno |  | 55,336 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55,336 |
Total |  | $ | 901,428 |  |  | $ | 129,778 |  |  | $ | (8,182) |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,023,024 |

Long lived assets
Annual indefinite lived impairment testing
The Company used a qualitative approach to test indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of an indefinite lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform quantitative impairment testing. The Company evaluated the qualitative factors of each indefinite lived intangible asset in connection with the annual impairment testing for 2024 and 2023. Results of the qualitative analysis indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units that maintain indefinite lived intangible assets exceeded the carrying value.
Other intangible assets are comprised of the following at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
| Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount
Customer relationships | $ | 794,624 |  |  | $ | (309,206) |  |  | $ | 485,418 |  |  | $ | 772,423 |  |  | $ | (294,628) |  |  | $ | 477,795 |
Technology and patents | 203,503 |  |  | (69,776) |  |  | 133,727 |  |  | 202,898 |  |  | (66,035) |  |  | 136,863 |
Trade names, subject to amortization | 600,525 |  |  | (132,506) |  |  | 468,019 |  |  | 375,507 |  |  | (124,648) |  |  | 250,859 |
Non-compete agreements | 4,638 |  |  | (4,145) |  |  | 493 |  |  | 4,638 |  |  | (4,082) |  |  | 556 |
Other contractual intangible assets | 1,960 |  |  | (1,643) |  |  | 317 |  |  | 1,960 |  |  | (1,593) |  |  | 367 |
Total | 1,605,250 |  |  | (517,276) |  |  | 1,087,974 |  |  | 1,357,426 |  |  | (490,986) |  |  | 866,440 |
Trade names, not subject to amortization | 56,965 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,965 |  |  | 56,965 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,965 |
In-process research and development (1) | 500 |  |  | — |  |  | 500 |  |  | 500 |  |  | — |  |  | 500 |
Total intangibles, net | $ | 1,662,715 |  |  | $ | (517,276) |  |  | $ | 1,145,439 |  |  | $ | 1,414,891 |  |  | $ | (490,986) |  |  | $ | 923,905 |

(1) In-process research and development is considered indefinite lived until the underlying technology becomes viable, at which point the intangible asset will be amortized over the expected useful life.
Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $26.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $24.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
24

Estimated charges to amortization expense of intangible assets for the remainder of 2024 and the next four years, is as follows (in thousands):

2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  |  |
$ | 81,376 |  |  | $ | 103,304 |  |  | $ | 97,005 |  |  | $ | 86,271 |  |  | $ | 84,140 |  |  |  |

Note H — Warranties
The Company’s Ergobaby, BOA and Velocity Outdoor operating segments estimate their exposure to warranty claims based on both current and historical product sales data and warranty costs incurred. The Company assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability quarterly and adjusts the amount as necessary. Warranty liability is included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. A reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of the Company’s warranty liability for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows (in thousands):

Warranty liability | Three months ended March 31, 2024 |  | Year ended December 31, 2023
Beginning balance | $ | 1,375 |  |  | $ | 1,530 |
Provision for warranties issued during the period | 1,026 |  |  | 3,489 |
Fulfillment of warranty obligations | (626) |  |  | (3,644) |
Ending balance | $ | 1,775 |  |  | $ | 1,375 |

Note I — Debt
2022 Credit Facility
On July 12, 2022, the LLC entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "2022 Credit Facility") to amend and restate the 2021 Credit Facility. The 2022 Credit Facility provides for revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit ("the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit") up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million ("the 2022 Revolving Loan Commitment") and a $400 million term loan (the “2022 Term Loan”). The 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly payments ranging from $2.5 million to $7.5 million, commencing September 30, 2022, with a final payment of all remaining principal and interest due on July 12, 2027, which is the 2022 Term Loan’s maturity date. All amounts outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit will become due on July 12, 2027, which is the termination date of the 2022 Revolving Loan Commitment. The 2022 Credit Facility also permits the LLC, prior to the applicable maturity date, to increase the Revolving Loan Commitment and/or obtain additional term loans in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. On the closing date for the 2022 Credit Facility, the 2022 Term Loan was advanced in full and the initial borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit were $115 million. We used the initial proceeds from the 2022 Credit Facility to pay all amounts outstanding under the 2021 Credit Facility, pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the 2022 Credit Facility and fund the acquisition of PrimaLoft.
The LLC may borrow, prepay and reborrow principal under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility from time to time during its term. Advances under the 2022 Revolving Line of Credit can be either term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") loans or base rate loans. Term SOFR revolving loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof for each interest period at a rate per annum based on the applicable SOFR as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or a successor administrator), as adjusted, plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50%, based on the ratio of consolidated net indebtedness to adjusted consolidated earnings before interest expense, tax expense, and depreciation and amortization expenses for such period (the “Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio”). Base rate revolving loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof at a rate per annum equal to the highest of (i) Federal Funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the “prime rate”, and (iii) the applicable SOFR plus 1.0% (the “Base Rate”), plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50%, based on the Company's Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio.
25

Advances under the 2022 Term Loan can be either term SOFR loans or base rate loans. The 2022 Term Loan was advanced in full on the closing date for the 2022 Credit Facility as a Term SOFR loan with an interest period of one month. On the last day of an interest period, Term SOFR loans may be converted to Term SOFR loans of a different interest period or to Base Rate loans. Term SOFR term loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof for each interest period at a rate per annum based on the Term SOFR for such interest period plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50%, based on the Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio. Base rate term loans bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof from the applicable borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50%, based on the Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio.
Under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, an aggregate amount of up to $100 million in letters of credit may be issued, as well as swing line loans of up to $25 million outstanding at one time. The issuance of such letters of credit and the making of any swing line loan would reduce the amount available under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility.
Net availability under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility was approximately $551.6 million at March 31, 2024. Letters of credit outstanding at March 31, 2024 totaled approximately $2.5 million. At March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants as defined in the 2022 Credit Facility.
The 2022 Revolving Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets of the Company, including all of its equity interests in, and loans to, its subsidiaries.
Senior Notes
2032 Senior Notes
On November 17, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $300 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.000% Senior Notes due 2032 (the “2032 Notes” or "2032 Senior Notes") offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2032 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of November 17, 2021 (the “2032 Notes Indenture”), between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”). The 2032 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.000% per annum and will mature on January 15, 2032. Interest on the 2032 Notes is payable in cash on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on July 15, 2022.
The proceeds from the sale of the 2032 Notes was used to repay a portion of our debt outstanding under the 2021 Revolving Credit Facility.
2029 Senior Notes
On March 23, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $1,000 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.250% Senior Notes due 2029 (the "2029 Notes" or "2029 Senior Notes") offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of March 23, 2021 (the “2029 Notes Indenture”), between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the "Trustee"). The 2029 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.250% per annum and will mature on April 15, 2029. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable in cash on April 15th and October 15th of each year. The first interest payment date on the 2029 Senior Notes was October 15, 2021. The 2029 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company and are not guaranteed by our subsidiaries.
26

The following table provides the Company’s outstanding long-term debt and effective interest rates at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
| Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount |  | Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount
2029 Senior Notes | 5.25 | % |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | 5.25 | % |  | $ | 1,000,000 |
2032 Senior Notes | 5.00 | % |  | 300,000 |  |  | 5.00 | % |  | 300,000 |
2022 Term Loan | 7.59 | % |  | 382,500 |  |  | 7.50 | % |  | 385,000 |
2022 Revolving Credit Facility | 8.16 | % |  | 46,000 |  |  | — | % |  | — |
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | (12,518) |  |  |  |  | (13,121) |
Total debt |  |  | $ | 1,715,982 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,671,879 |
Less: Current Portion, term loan facilities |  |  | (10,000) |  |  |  |  | (10,000) |
Long-term debt |  |  | $ | 1,705,982 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,661,879 |

Annual maturities of the Company's debt obligations are as follows (in thousands):

2024 |  | $ | 10,000 |
2025 |  | 15,000 |
2026 |  | 25,000 |
2027 |  | 378,500 |
2028 |  | — |
2029 and thereafter |  | 1,300,000 |
|  | $ | 1,728,500 |

The Senior Notes consisted of the following carrying value and estimated fair value (in thousands):

|  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value Hierarchy Level |  | March 31, 2024
|  | Maturity Date |  | Rate |  |  | Carrying Value |  | Fair Value
2032 Senior Notes |  | January 15, 2032 |  | 5.000 | % |  | 2 |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  | $ | 267,000 |
2029 Senior Notes |  | April 15, 2029 |  | 5.250 | % |  | 2 |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 947,500 |

Debt Issuance Costs
Deferred debt issuance costs represent the costs associated with the issuance of the Company's financing arrangements. Since the Company can borrow, repay and reborrow principal under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, the debt issuance costs associated with the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility have been classified as other non-current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. The debt issuance costs associated with the 2022 Term Loan and Senior Notes are classified as a reduction of long-term debt in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
27

The following table summarizes debt issuance costs at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, and the balance sheet classification in each of the periods presented (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Deferred debt issuance costs | $ | 32,526 |  |  | $ | 32,526 |
Accumulated amortization | (14,783) |  |  | (13,779) |
Deferred debt issuance costs, net | $ | 17,743 |  |  | $ | 18,747 |
Balance sheet classification: |  |  |
Other noncurrent assets | $ | 5,225 |  |  | $ | 5,626 |
Long-term debt | 12,518 |  |  | 13,121 |
| $ | 17,743 |  |  | $ | 18,747 |

Note J — Stockholders’ Equity
Trust Common Shares
The Trust is authorized to issue 500,000,000 Trust common shares and the LLC is authorized to issue a corresponding number of LLC interests. The Company will at all times have the identical number of LLC interests outstanding as Trust shares. Each Trust share represents an undivided beneficial interest in the Trust, and each Trust share is entitled to one vote per share on any matter with respect to which members of the LLC are entitled to vote.
Private Placement
On December 15, 2023, the Company completed the sale of 3,550,000 common shares in a private placement to Allspring Special Small Cap Value Fund for consideration per share equal to $21.18 per share, or an aggregate sale price of approximately $75.2 million. In connection with the issuance of the shares, we paid a commission equal to 1% of the aggregate sales price, or approximately $0.8 million. The sale of the common shares was made pursuant to a subscription agreement pursuant to which the buyer agreed not to dispose of the common shares for a period of six months following the date of the private placement.
At-the-market equity offering program - common shares
On September 7, 2021, the Company filed a prospectus supplement pursuant to which the Company may, but has no obligation to, issue and sell up to $500 million common shares of the Trust in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company. Actual sales will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by us from time to time, including, market conditions, the trading price of Trust common shares and determinations by us regarding appropriate sources of funding.
In connection with this offering, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “Common Sales Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (each a “Sales Agent” and, collectively, the “Sales Agents”). The Common Sales Agreement provides that the Company may offer and sell Trust common shares from time to time through the Sales Agents up to $500 million, in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company. Pursuant to the Common Sales Agreement, the shares may be offered and sold through each Sales Agent, acting separately, in ordinary brokers’ transactions, to or through a market maker, on or through the New York Stock Exchange or any other market venue where the securities may be traded, in the over-the-counter market, in privately negotiated transactions, in transactions that are deemed to be “at the market offerings” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act or through a combination of any such methods of sale.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company sold 53,932 Trust common shares under the Common Sales Agreement. For the same period, the Company received total net proceeds of approximately $1.3 million from these sales, and incurred approximately $0.2 million in commissions paid to the Sales Agents.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no sales of Trust common shares under the Common Sales Agreement as the at-the-market program is not active when the share repurchase program is active.
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The Company incurred approxima tely $0.4 million and $0.1 million in tot al costs related to the ATM programs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Share repurchase program
In January 2023, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing the Company to repurchase, through December 31, 2023, up to $50 million of its outstanding common shares.
The Company repurchased 210,000 shares for approximately $4.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The share repurchase program expired on December 31, 2023.
Trust Preferred Shares
The Trust is authorized to issue up to 50,000,000 Trust preferred shares and the Company is authorized to issue a corresponding number of Trust interests.
At-the-market equity offering program - preferred shares
On March 20, 2024, the Company filed a prospectus supplement pursuant to which the Company may, but has no obligation to, issue and sell up to $100 million of the Trust’s 7.250% Series A Preferred Shares (the “Series A Preferred Shares”), 7.875% Series B Preferred Shares (the “Series B Preferred Shares”), and 7.875% Series C Preferred Shares (the “Series C Preferred Shares” and together with the Series A Preferred Shares, the Series B Preferred Shares, and the Series C Preferred Shares, the “Preferred Shares”), each representing beneficial interests in the Trust.
In connection with this offering, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “Preferred Sales Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (“B. Riley”), pursuant to which CODI may sell from time to time, through B. Riley acting as sales agent and/or principal (the “Sales Agent”). The Preferred Sales Agreement provides that the Company may offer and sell Trust preferred shares from time to time through the Sales Agent up to $100 million, in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company.
The following table reflects the activity in the preferred share ATM program during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands, except share data):

|  | Number of Shares Sold |  | Net Proceeds |  | Commissions Paid
Series A Preferred Shares |  | 7,557 |  |  | $ | 186 |  |  | $ | 4 |
Series B Preferred Shares |  | 3,660 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 2 |
Series C Preferred Shares |  | 22,631 |  |  | 558 |  |  | 11 |
Total |  | 33,848 |  |  | $ | 836 |  |  | $ | 17 |

Series C Preferred Shares
On November 20, 2019, the Trust issued 4,000,000 7.875% Series C Preferred Shares (the "Series C Preferred Shares") with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, and on December 2, 2019, the Trust issued 600,000 of the Series C Preferred Shares which were sold pursuant to an option to purchase additional shares by the underwriters. Total proceeds from the issuance of the Series C Preferred Shares were $115.0 million, or $111.0 million net of underwriters' discount and issuance costs. Distributions on the Series C Preferred Shares will be payable quarterly in arrears, when and as declared by the Company's board of directors on January 30, April 30, July 30, and October 30 of each year, beginning on January 30, 2020, at a rate per annum of 7.875%. Distributions on the Series C Preferred Shares are cumulative and at March 31, 2024, $1.5 million of Series C distributions are accumulated and unpaid. Unless full cumulative distributions on the Series C Preferred Shares have been or contemporaneously are declared and set apart for payment of the Series C Preferred Shares for all past distribution periods, no distribution may be declared or paid for payment on the Trust common shares. The Series C Preferred Shares are not convertible into Trust common shares and have no voting rights, except in limited circumstances as provided for in the share designation for the Series C Preferred Shares. The Series C Preferred Shares may be redeemed at the Company's option, in whole or in part, at any time after January 30, 2025, at a price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid distributions (thereon whether authorized or declared) to, but excluding, the redemption date. Holders of Series C Preferred Shares will have no right to require the redemption of the Series C Preferred Shares and there is no maturity date.
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Series B Preferred Shares
On March 13, 2018, the Trust issued 4,000,000 7.875% Series B Preferred Shares (the "Series B Preferred Shares") with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $100.0 million, or $96.5 million net of underwriters' discount and issuance costs. Distributions on the Series B Preferred Shares are payable quarterly in arrears, when and as declared by the Company's board of directors on January 30, April 30, July 30, and October 30 of each year, beginning on July 30, 2018, at a rate per annum of 7.875%. Holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to receive cumulative cash distributions (i) from and including the date of issuance to, but excluding, April 30, 2028 a rate equal to7.875% per annum and (ii) from and including April 30, 2028, at a floating rate equal to the applicable successor to three-month LIBOR (as determined by a calculation agent) plus a spread of 4.985% per annum. Subsequent to April 30, 2028, the distribution rate will be reset quarterly. At March 31, 2024, $1.3 million of Series B distributions are accumulated and unpaid. Unless full cumulative distributions on the Series B Preferred Shares have been or contemporaneously are declared and set apart for payment of the Series B Preferred Shares for all past distribution periods, no distribution may be declared or paid for payment on the Trust common shares. The Series B Preferred Shares are not convertible into Trust common shares and have no voting rights, except in limited circumstances as provided for in the share designation for the Series B Preferred Shares. The Series B Preferred Shares may be redeemed at the Company's option, in whole or in part, at any time after April 30, 2028, at a price of $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid distributions (thereon whether authorized or declared) to, but excluding, the redemption date. Holders of Series B Preferred Shares will have no right to require the redemption of the Series B Preferred Shares and there is no maturity date.
Series A Preferred Shares
On June 28, 2017, the Trust issued 4,000,000 7.250% Series A Preferred Shares (the "Series A Preferred Shares") with a liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $100.0 million, or $96.4 million net of underwriters' discount and issuance costs. When, and if declared by the Company's board of directors, distribution on the Series A Preferred Shares will be payable quarterly on January 30, April 30, July 30, and October 30 of each year, beginning on October 30, 2017, at a rate per annum of 7.250%. Distributions on the Series A Preferred Shares are discretionary and non-cumulative. The Company has no obligation to pay distributions for a quarterly distribution period if the board of directors does not declare the distribution before the scheduled record of date for the period, whether or not distributions are paid for any subsequent distribution periods with respect to the Series A Preferred Shares, or the Trust common shares. If the Company's board of directors does not declare a distribution for the Series A Preferred Shares for a quarterly distribution period, during the remainder of that quarterly distribution period the Company cannot declare or pay distributions on the Trust common shares. The Series A Preferred Shares are not convertible into Trust common shares and have no voting rights, except in limited circumstances as provided for in the share designation for the Series A Preferred Shares.
Allocation Interests
The Allocation Interests represent the original equity interest in the Company. The holders of the Allocation Interests ("Holders"), through Sostratus LLC, are entitled to receive distributions pursuant to a profit allocation formula upon the occurrence of certain events. The distributions of the profit allocation is paid upon the occurrence of the sale of a material amount of capital stock or assets of one of the Company’s businesses ("Sale Event") or, at the option of the Holders, at each five-year anniversary date of the acquisition of one of the Company’s businesses ("Holding Event"). The Company records distributions of the profit allocation to the Holders upon occurrence of a Sale Event or Holding Event as dividends declared on Allocation Interests to stockholders’ equity when they are approved by the Company’s board of directors.
Sale Event
The sale of Marucci in November 2023 represented a Sale Event and the Company's board of director's approved a distribution of $48.9 million in the f irst quarter of 2024. This distribution was paid to the Holders of the Allocation Interests in February 2024.
The sale of Advanced Circuits in February 2023 represented a Sale Event and the Company's board of director's approved a distribution of $24.4 million in the second quarter of 2023. In addition, the Company's board of directors approved a distribution of $2.1 million related to various sale proceeds received related to previous Sale Events. These distributions were paid to the Holders of the Allocation Interests in April 2023.
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Reconciliation of net income (loss) available to common shares of Holdings
The following table reconciles net income (loss) attributable to Holdings to net income (loss) attributable to the common shares of Holdings (in thousands):

|  | Three months ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to Holdings |  | $ | (4,993) |  |  | $ | (2,559) |  |  |  |  |
Less: Distributions paid - Allocation Interests |  | 48,941 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Less: Distributions paid - Preferred Shares |  | 6,045 |  |  | 6,045 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Accrued distributions - Preferred Shares |  | 2,878 |  |  | 2,869 |  |  |  |  |
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | (62,857) |  |  | $ | (11,473) |  |  |  |  |

Earnings per share
The Company calculates basic and diluted earnings per share using the two-class method which requires the Company to allocate to participating securities that have rights to earnings that otherwise would have been available only to Trust shareholders as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. The Allocation Interests are considered participating securities that contain participating rights to receive profit allocations upon the occurrence of a Holding Event or Sale Event. The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 reflects the incremental increase during the period in the profit allocation distribution to Holders related to Holding Events.
Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 attributable to the common shares of Holdings is calculated as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

|  | Three months ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | (62,857) |  |  | $ | (11,473) |  |  |  |  |
Less: Effect of contribution based profit - Holding Event |  | 4,046 |  |  | 2,212 |  |  |  |  |
Net loss from continuing operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | (66,903) |  |  | $ | (13,685) |  |  |  |  |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to Holdings |  | $ | 3,345 |  |  | $ | 107,956 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Effect of contribution based profit - Holding Event |  | — |  |  | 1,381 |  |  |  |  |
Income from discontinued operations attributable to common shares of Holdings |  | $ | 3,345 |  |  | $ | 106,575 |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |  | 75,274 |  |  | 72,178 |  |  |  |  |
Basic and fully diluted income (loss) per common share attributable to Holdings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Continuing operations |  | $ | (0.89) |  |  | $ | (0.19) |  |  |  |  |
Discontinued operations |  | 0.04 |  |  | 1.48 |  |  |  |  |
|  | $ | (0.85) |  |  | $ | 1.29 |  |  |  |  |

Distributions
The following table summarizes information related to our quarterly cash distributions on our Trust common and preferred shares (in thousands, except per share data):

Period |  | Cash Distribution per Share |  | Total Cash Distributions |  | Record Date |  | Payment Date
Trust Common Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
January 1, 2024 - March 31, 2024 (1) |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 18,846 |  |  | April 18, 2024 |  | April 25, 2024

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October 1, 2023 - December 31, 2023 |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 18,818 |  |  | January 18, 2024 |  | January 25, 2024
July 1, 2023 - September 30, 2023 |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 17,955 |  |  | October 19, 2023 |  | October 26, 2023
April 1, 2023 - June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 17,974 |  |  | July 20, 2023 |  | July 27, 2023
January 1, 2023 - March 31, 2023 |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 17,987 |  |  | April 20, 2023 |  | April 27, 2023
Series A Preferred Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
January 30, 2024 - April 29, 2024 (1) |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,822 |  |  | April 15, 2024 |  | April 30, 2024
October 30, 2023 - January 29, 2024 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | January 15, 2024 |  | January 30, 2024
July 30, 2023 - October 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | October 15, 2023 |  | October 30, 2023
April 30, 2023 - July 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | July 15, 2023 |  | July 30, 2023
January 30, 2023 - April 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | April 15, 2023 |  | April 30, 2023
October 30, 2022 - January 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.453125 |  |  | $ | 1,813 |  |  | January 15, 2023 |  | January 30, 2023
Series B Preferred Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
January 30, 2024 - April 29, 2024 (1) |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,983 |  |  | April 15, 2024 |  | April 30, 2024
October 30, 2023 - January 29, 2024 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | January 15, 2024 |  | January 30, 2024
July 30, 2023 - October 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | October 15, 2023 |  | October 30, 2023
April 30, 2023 - July 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | July 15, 2023 |  | July 30, 2023
January 30, 2023 - April 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | April 15, 2023 |  | April 30, 2023
October 30, 2022 - January 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 1,969 |  |  | January 15, 2023 |  | January 30, 2023
Series C Preferred Shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
January 30, 2024 - April 29, 2024 (1) |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,295 |  |  | April 15, 2024 |  | April 30, 2024
October 30, 2023 - January 29, 2024 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | January 15, 2024 |  | January 30, 2024
July 30, 2023 - October 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | October 15, 2023 |  | October 30, 2023
April 30, 2023 - July 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | July 15, 2023 |  | July 30, 2023
January 30, 2023 - April 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | April 15, 2023 |  | April 30, 2023
October 30, 2022 - January 29, 2023 |  | $ | 0.4921875 |  |  | $ | 2,264 |  |  | January 15, 2023 |  | January 30, 2023

(1) This distribution was declared on April 4, 2024.
Note K — Noncontrolling Interest
Noncontrolling interest represents the portion of the Company’s majority owned subsidiaries' net income (loss) and equity that is owned by noncontrolling shareholders. The following tables reflect the LLC’s ownership percentage of its majority owned operating segments and related noncontrolling interest balances as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
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| % Ownership (1) March 31, 2024 |  | % Ownership (1) December 31, 2023
| Primary |  | Fully Diluted |  | Primary |  | Fully Diluted
5.11 | 97.6 |  |  | 87.0 |  |  | 97.2 |  |  | 88.9 |
BOA | 91.8 |  |  | 82.9 |  |  | 91.8 |  |  | 83.2 |
Ergobaby | 81.6 |  |  | 72.8 |  |  | 81.6 |  |  | 72.8 |
Lugano | 59.9 |  |  | 54.7 |  |  | 59.9 |  |  | 55.5 |
PrimaLoft | 90.7 |  |  | 83.1 |  |  | 90.7 |  |  | 83.1 |
The Honey Pot Co. | 84.8 |  |  | 77.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 99.4 |  |  | 87.7 |  |  | 99.4 |  |  | 87.7 |
Altor | 99.3 |  |  | 89.8 |  |  | 99.3 |  |  | 89.8 |
Arnold | 98.0 |  |  | 85.8 |  |  | 98.0 |  |  | 85.5 |
Sterno | 99.4 |  |  | 87.5 |  |  | 99.4 |  |  | 87.6 |

(1) The principal difference between primary and diluted percentages of our operating segments is due to stock option issuances of operating segment stock to management of the respective businesses.

| Noncontrolling Interest Balances
(in thousands) | March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
5.11 | $ | 13,468 |  |  | $ | 15,350 |
BOA | 9,407 |  |  | 8,316 |
Ergobaby | 16,679 |  |  | 16,756 |
Lugano | 114,033 |  |  | 105,425 |
PrimaLoft | 31,294 |  |  | 30,736 |
The Honey Pot Co. | 41,290 |  |  | — |
Velocity Outdoor | 6,863 |  |  | 6,770 |
Altor | 5,611 |  |  | 5,354 |
Arnold | 1,743 |  |  | 1,707 |
Sterno | 2,452 |  |  | 2,117 |
Allocation Interests | 100 |  |  | 100 |
| $ | 242,940 |  |  | $ | 192,631 |

Note L — Fair Value Measurement
There were no assets or liabilities measured on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.
Reconciliations of the change in the carrying value of the Level 3 fair value measurements from January 1, 2023 through March 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):

| Level 3
Balance at January 1, 2023 | $ | (1,442) |
Termination of put option of noncontrolling shareholder - 5.11 (1) | 142 |
Adjustment to contingent consideration - King's Camo (2) | 25 |
Payment of contingent consideration - King's Camo (2) | 1,275 |
Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | — |
Balance at March 31, 2024 | $ | — |

(1)Represented a put option issued to a noncontrolling shareholder in connection with the 5.11 acquisition. The put option was terminated during the period ended March 31, 2023.
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(2)Velocity entered into a contingent consideration in connection with their purchase of King's Camo in July 2022. The purchase price of King's Camo included a potential earn-out if King's Camo achieved certain financial metrics. The payment of the earn-out occurred in April 2023.
Valuation Techniques
The Company has not changed its valuation techniques in measuring the fair value of any of its other financial assets and liabilities during the period. For details of the Company’s fair value measurement policies under the fair value hierarchy, refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
The following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Refer to "Note G - Goodwill and Intangible Assets", for a description of the valuation techniques used to determine fair value of the assets measured on a non-recurring basis in the table below.

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Expense
| Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2023 |  | Thee months ended
(in thousands) | Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | March 31, 2024
Goodwill - Velocity | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,182 |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Expense
| Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023 |  | Year ended
(in thousands) | Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | December 31, 2023
Goodwill - Velocity | $ | 8,182 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 8,182 |  |  | $ | 31,590 |
Goodwill - PrimaLoft | $ | 232,536 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 232,536 |  |  | $ | 57,810 |

Note M — Income taxes
The Company estimates its annual effective tax rate each fiscal quarter and applies that estimated rate to its interim pre-tax earnings. In this regard, the Company reflects the full year’s estimated tax impact of certain unusual or infrequently occurring items and the effects of changes in tax laws or rates in the interim period in which they occur. The Company's parent, the Trust, is subject to entity-level U.S. federal, state and local corporate income taxes on the Company's earnings that flow through to the Trust.
The computation of the annual estimated effective tax rate for each interim period requires certain assumptions, estimates, and significant judgment, including with respect to the projected operating income for the year, projections of income earned and taxes incurred in various jurisdictions, permanent and temporary differences and the likelihood of recovering deferred tax assets. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision for income taxes may change as new events occur, as additional information is obtained, as our tax structure changes or as the tax laws change. Certain foreign operations are subject to foreign income taxation under existing provisions of the laws of those jurisdictions.
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The reconciliation between the Federal Statutory Rate and the effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:

| Three months ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
United States Federal Statutory Rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
State income taxes (net of Federal benefits) | 13.1 |  |  | 0.1 |
Foreign income taxes | 9.6 |  |  | 20.2 |
Impact of subsidiary employee stock options | 1.7 |  |  | (2.3) |
Non-deductible acquisition costs | 3.0 |  |  | — |
Utilization of tax credits | (20.6) |  |  | (4.0) |
Non-recognition of various carryforwards at subsidiaries | 35.5 |  |  | 30.6 |
United States tax on foreign income | (0.9) |  |  | 10.1 |
Impairment expense | 13.4 |  |  | — |
Other | 2.3 |  |  | 5.4 |
Effective income tax rate | 78.1 | % |  | 81.1 | %

Note N — Defined Benefit Plan
In connection with the acquisition of Arnold, the company has a defined benefit plan covering substantially all of Arnold’s employees at its Lupfig, Switzerland location. The benefits are based on years of service and the employees’ highest average compensation during the specific period.
The unfunded liability of $3.3 million is recognized in the consolidated balance sheet as a component of other non-current liabilities at March 31, 2024. Net periodic benefit cost consists of the following for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

| Three months ended March 31, |  |
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
Service cost | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 90 |  |  |  |  |
Interest cost | 60 |  |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Expected return on plan assets | (49) |  |  | (54) |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of unrecognized loss | — |  |  | (9) |  |  |  |  |
Effect of curtailment | (11) |  |  | (13) |  |  |  |  |
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  |  |  |

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, per the terms of the pension agreement, Arnold contributed $0.1 million to the plan. For the remainder of 2024, the expected contribution to the plan will be approximately $0.4 million.
The plan assets are pooled with assets of other participating employers and are not separable; therefore, the fair values of the pension plan assets at March 31, 2024 were considered Level 3.
Note O - Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are involved in various claims and legal proceedings. While the ultimate resolution of these matters has yet to be determined, the Company does not believe that any unfavorable outcomes will have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Leases
The Company and its subsidiaries lease office and manufacturing facilities, computer equipment and software under various arrangements. Certain of the leases are subject to escalation clauses and renewal periods. The Company
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and its subsidiaries recognize lease expense, including predetermined fixed escalations, on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease including reasonably assured renewal periods from the time that the Company and its subsidiaries control the leased property. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Certain of our subsidiaries have leases that contain both fixed rent costs and variable rent costs based on achievement of certain operating metrics. The variable lease expense was not a material component of our total lease expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company recognized $11.4 million and $11.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively, in expense related to operating leases in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The maturities of lease liabilities at March 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):

2024 (excluding three months ended March 31, 2024) |  | $ | 34,423 |
2025 |  | 44,058 |
2026 |  | 43,102 |
2027 |  | 38,084 |
2028 |  | 29,754 |
Thereafter |  | 76,407 |
Total undiscounted lease payments |  | $ | 265,828 |
Less: Interest |  | 65,351 |
Present value of lease liabilities |  | $ | 200,477 |

The calculated amount of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are impacted by the length of the lease term and discount rate used to present value the minimum lease payments. The Company's lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the company's discretion. In general, it is not reasonably certain that lease renewals will be exercised at lease commencement and therefore lease renewals are not included in the lease term. As the discount rate is rarely determinable, the Company utilizes the incremental borrowing rate of the subsidiary entering into the lease arrangement, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term as adjusted for any country specific risk.
The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all of our operating leases were as follows:

Lease Term and Discount Rate |  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) |  | 6.54 |  | 6.42
Weighted-average discount rate |  | 8.61 | % |  | 7.85 | %

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

|  | Line Item in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | Other non-current assets |  | $ | 174,085 |  |  | $ | 177,581 |
Current portion, operating lease liabilities |  | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 30,424 |  |  | $ | 29,228 |
Operating lease liabilities |  | Other non-current liabilities |  | $ | 170,053 |  |  | $ | 173,586 |

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three months ended March 31, 2024 |  | Three months ended March 31, 2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  | $ | 10,703 |  |  | $ | 10,161 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  | $ | 3,140 |  |  | $ | 17,882 |

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Note P — Related Party Transactions
Management Services Agreement
The LLC entered into the Management Services Agreement ("MSA") with CGM effective May 16, 2006, as amended. Our Chief Executive Officer is a partner of CGM. The MSA provides for, among other things, CGM to perform services for the LLC in exchange for a management fee paid quarterly and equal to 0.5% of the LLC's adjusted net assets, as defined in the MSA.
During 2022, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for the period through June 30, 2023 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to PrimaLoft, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee at March 31, and June 30, 2023 than would normally have been due. At March 31, 2022, CGM entered into a waiver to exclude cash balances held at the LLC from the calculation of the management fee.
Integration Services Agreements
Integration service fees are included in selling, general and administrative expense on the subsidiaries' statement of operations in the period in which they are incurred. Under the Integration Services Agreement ("ISA"), CGM provides services for new platform acquisitions to, amongst other things, assist the management at the acquired entities in establishing a corporate governance program, implement compliance and reporting requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and align the acquired entity's policies and procedures with our other subsidiaries.
The Honey Pot Co., which was acquired in January 2024, entered into an ISA with CGM whereby The Honey Pot Co. will pay CGM a total integration services fee of $3.5 million, payable quarterly over a twelve-month period beginning June 30, 2024.
PrimaLoft, which was acquired in July 2022, entered into an ISA with CGM whereby PrimaLoft paid CGM an integration services fee of $4.8 million quarterly over the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2023.
The Company and its businesses have the following significant related party transactions
5.11
Related Party Vendor Purchases - 5.11 purchases inventory from a vendor who is a related party to 5.11 through one of the executive officers of 5.11 via the executive's 40% ownership interest in the vendor. 5.11 purchased approximately $0.4 million and $0.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively in inventory from the vendor.
BOA
Recapitalization - In December 2023, the Company completed a recapitalization of BOA whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany credit agreement with BOA (the "BOA Credit Agreement"). The BOA Credit Agreement was amended to provide for additional term loan borrowings of $165.9 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC received a distribution of $131.0 million related to their ownership of the outstanding shares of BOA on the date of the distribution. Noncontrolling shareholders received a distribution of $11.7 million, and the remaining amount of the recapitalization was used to repurchase shares owned by employees after the exercise of fully vested employee stock options, and to pay a bonus to employees who held phantom stock options and were not eligible to participate in the distribution to noncontrolling shareholders. BOA recorded compensation expense of $3.1 million related to the bonus paid to employees as part of the recapitalization.
Related Party Vendor Purchases - A contract manufacturer used by BOA as the primary supplier of molded injection parts is a noncontrolling shareholder of BOA. BOA purchased approxim ately $10.6 million and $9.7 million from this supplier during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.
Note Q — Subsequent Event
On April 30, 2024, Velocity Outdoor entered into a stock purchase agreement to sell Crosman Corporation ("Crosman"), their airgun product division, to Daisy Manufacturing Company, for an enterprise value of approximately $63 million. The Company expects to record a loss on the sale of Crosman in the quarter ending June 30, 2024. Velocity received net proceeds of approximately $58.5 million related to the sale of Crosman, which was used to repay amounts outstanding under their intercompany credit agreement.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Item 2 contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Our actual results, performance, prospects or opportunities could differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. Additional risks of which we are not currently aware or which we currently deem immaterial could also cause our actual results to differ, including those discussed in the section entitled "Forward-Looking Statements" included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as those risk factors discussed in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
Compass Diversified Holdings ("Holdings", or the "Trust") was incorporated in Delaware on November 18, 2005. Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC (the "LLC") was also formed on November 18, 2005. Holdings and the LLC (collectively, the "Company") were formed to acquire and manage a group of small and middle-market businesses headquartered in North America. The LLC is a controlling owner of ten businesses, or operating segments, at March 31, 2024. The segments are as follows: 5.11 Acquisition Corp. ("5.11"), Boa Holdings Inc. ("BOA"), The Ergo Baby Carrier, Inc. ("Ergobaby"), Lugano Holdings, Inc. ("Lugano Diamonds" or "Lugano"), Relentless Topco, Inc. ("PrimaLoft"), THP Topco, Inc. ("The Honey Pot Co." or "THP"), CBCP Products, LLC ("Velocity Outdoor" or "Velocity"), AMTAC Holdings LLC ("Arnold"), FFI Compass, Inc. ("Altor Solutions" or "Altor"), and SternoCandleLamp Holdings, Inc. ("Sterno").
We acquired our existing businesses (segments) that we own at March 31, 2024 as follows:

|  |  |  | Ownership Interest - March 31, 2024
Business |  | Acquisition Date |  | Primary |  | Diluted
Ergobaby |  | September 16, 2010 |  | 81.6% |  | 72.8%
Arnold |  | March 5, 2012 |  | 98.0% |  | 85.8%
Sterno |  | October 10, 2014 |  | 99.4% |  | 87.5%
5.11 |  | August 31, 2016 |  | 97.6% |  | 87.0%
Velocity Outdoor |  | June 2, 2017 |  | 99.4% |  | 87.7%
Altor Solutions |  | February 15, 2018 |  | 99.3% |  | 89.8%
BOA |  | October 16, 2020 |  | 91.8% |  | 82.9%
Lugano |  | September 3, 2021 |  | 59.9% |  | 54.7%
PrimaLoft |  | July 12, 2022 |  | 90.7% |  | 83.1%
The Honey Pot Co. |  | January 31, 2024 |  | 84.8% |  | 77.4%

We categorize our subsidiary businesses into two separate groups of businesses: (i) branded consumer businesses, and (ii) industrial businesses. Branded consumer businesses are characterized as those businesses that we believe capitalize on a valuable brand name in their respective market sector. We believe that our branded consumer businesses are leaders in their particular product category. Industrial businesses are characterized as those businesses that focus on manufacturing and selling particular products and industrial services within a specific market sector. We believe that our industrial businesses are leaders in their specific market sector. We recently announced the launch of our healthcare effort as our third grouping of companies. We believe healthcare has multiple attractive, high-growth segments with strong industry tailwinds, is an acyclical vertical that we expect will bring diversification and stability to the current group of companies, and has strong alignment with the Company’s existing subsidiary priorities.
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The following is an overview of each of our subsidiary businesses:
Branded Consumer
5.11 - 5.11 is a leading provider of purpose-built technical apparel and gear for law enforcement, firefighters, EMS, and military special operations as well as outdoor and adventure enthusiasts. 5.11 is a brand known for innovation and authenticity, and works directly with end users to create purpose-built apparel and gear designed to enhance the safety, accuracy, speed and performance of tactical professionals and enthusiasts worldwide. Headquartered in Costa Mesa, California, 5.11 operates sales offices and distribution centers globally, and 5.11 products are widely distributed in uniform stores, military exchanges, outdoor retail stores, its own retail stores and on 511tactical.com.
BOA - creator of the revolutionary, award-winning, patented BOA Fit System, partners with market-leading brands to make the best gear even better. Delivering fit solutions purpose-built for performance, the BOA Fit System is featured in footwear across snow sports, cycling, outdoor, athletic, workwear as well as performance headwear and bracing. The system consists of three integral parts: a micro-adjustable dial, high-tensile lightweight laces, and low friction lace guides creating a superior alternative to laces, buckles, Velcro, and other traditional closure mechanisms. Each unique BOA configuration is designed with brand partners to deliver superior fit and performance for athletes, is engineered to perform in the toughest conditions and is backed by The BOA Lifetime Guarantee. BOA is headquartered in Denver, Colorado and has offices in Austria, Greater China, South Korea, and Japan.
Ergobaby - headquartered in Torrance, California, Ergobaby is a designer, marketer and distributor of wearable baby carriers and accessories, blankets and swaddlers, nursing pillows, strollers, bouncers and related products. Ergobaby primarily sells its Ergobaby and Baby Tula branded products through brick-and-mortar retailers, national chain stores, online retailers, its own websites and distributors and derives more than 50% of its sales from outside of the United States.
Lugano - Lugano is a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of high-end, one-of-a-kind jewelry sought after by some of the world’s most discerning clientele. Lugano conducts sales via its own retail salons as well as pop-up showrooms at Lugano-hosted or sponsored events in partnership with influential organizations in the equestrian, art and philanthropic community. Lugano is headquartered in Newport Beach, California.
PrimaLoft - PrimaLoft is a leading provider of branded, high-performance synthetic insulation and materials used primarily in consumer outerwear, and accessories. The portfolio of PrimaLoft synthetic insulations offers products that can both mimic natural down aesthetics and provide the freedom to design garments ranging from stylish puffers to lightweight performance apparel. PrimaLoft insulations also offer superior economics to the brand partner and enable better sustainability characteristics through the use of recycled, low-carbon inputs. PrimaLoft is headquartered in Latham, New York.
The Honey Pot Co.- The Honey Pot Co. is a leading “better-for-you” feminine care brand, powered by plant-derived ingredients and clinically tested formulas. Founded in 2012 by CEO Beatrice Dixon, The Honey Pot Co. is rooted in the belief that all products should be made with healthy and efficacious ingredients that are kind to and safe for skin. The company offers an extensive range of holistic wellness products across the feminine hygiene, menstrual, personal care, and sexual wellness categories. The Honey Pot Co.'s mission is to educate, support, and provide consumers around the world with tools and resources that promote menstrual health and vaginal wellness. Their products can be found in more than 33,000 stores across the U.S. through mass merchants, drug and grocery retail chains, and online. The Honey Pot Co. is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.
Velocity Outdoor - is a leading designer, manufacturer, and marketer of airguns, archery products, laser aiming devices, hunting apparel and related accessories. Velocity Outdoor offers its products under the Crosman, Benjamin, LaserMax, Ravin, CenterPoint and King's Camo brands that are available through national retail chains, mass merchants, dealer and distributor networks. The airgun product category consists of air rifles, air pistols and a range of accessories including targets, holsters and cases. Velocity Outdoor's other primary product categories are archery, with products including CenterPoint and Ravin crossbows, consumables, which includes steel and plastic BBs, lead pellets and CO2 cartridges, lasers for firearms, and airsoft products. The apparel category offers high-performance, feature rich hunting and casual apparel of uncompromised quality utilizing King’s own proprietary camo patterns. Velocity Outdoor is headquartered in Bloomfield, New York.
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Industrial
Altor Solutions - Altor Solutions is a designer and manufacturer of custom molded protective foam solutions and original equipment manufacturer components made from expanded polystyrene and expanded polypropylene. Altor provides products to a variety of end markets, including appliances and electronics, pharmaceuticals, health and wellness, automotive, building and other products. Altor is headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and operates 15 molding and fabricating facilities across North America.
Arnold - Arnold is a global solutions provider and manufacturer of engineered solutions for a wide range of specialty applications and end-markets, including aerospace and defense, general industrial, motorsport/transportation, oil and gas, medical, energy, reprographics and advertising specialties. Arnold engineers solutions for and produces high performance permanent magnets (PMAG), stators, rotors and full electric motors ("Ramco"), precision foil products (Precision Thin Metals or "PTM"), and flexible magnets (Flexmag™) that are mission critical in motors, generators, sensors and other systems and components. Based on its long-term relationships, Arnold has built a diverse and blue-chip customer base totaling more than 2,000 customers and leading systems-integrators worldwide with a focus on North America, Europe, and Asia. Arnold has built a preferred rare earth supply chain and has leading rare earth and other permanent magnet production capabilities. Arnold is headquartered in Rochester, New York.
Sterno - Sterno is a leading manufacturer and marketer of portable food warming systems, creative indoor and outdoor lighting, and home fragrance solutions for the consumer markets. Sterno also manufactures creative indoor and outdoor lighting and home fragrance solutions for consumer markets. Sterno offers a broad range of wick and gel chafing systems, butane stoves and accessories, liquid and traditional wax candles, catering equipment and lamps through Sterno Products, as well as scented wax cubes, warmer products, outdoor lighting and essential oils used for home decor and fragrance systems through Rimports. Sterno is headquartered in Plano, Texas.
While our subsidiary businesses have different growth opportunities and potential rates of growth, we actively manage each of our subsidiary businesses to increase the value of, and cash generated by, each business through various initiatives, including making selective capital investments to expand geographic reach, increase capacity or reduce manufacturing costs of our subsidiary businesses; improving and expanding existing sales and marketing programs; and assisting in the acquisition and integration of complementary businesses.
Significant Trends Impacting Our Subsidiary Businesses
Macroeconomic Trends
The macroeconomic environment remains dynamic as global macroeconomic trends, including inflationary pressures and higher interest rates, are impacting consumer spending behavior. We expect changing market conditions and continued inflationary pressures to continue to impact consumer spendin g, particularly for discretionary items purchased by low and middle income consumers, even as overall consumer sentiment among other income brackets appears to be improving going into 2024. While overall inflation increased at a slower pace domestically in 2023, prices remain significantly elevated as compared to the pre-COVID-19 environment, and inflation rates remain above central banks' targets. We continue to experience modest inflationary cost increases in our materials and rising labor costs, particularly at our businesses where hourly employees comprise a larger part of the workforce. We expect that low unemployment rates and increasing wage and benefit costs will have an impact on margins at our businesses in 2024. Certain locales that our businesses operate in have also significantly increased the minimum wage over the past two years with more increases scheduled in coming years, which adds additional wage pressure to the rates we pay hourly workers in these locales.
Our lead-times for inventory have stabilized, which we expect will allow for more accurate forecasting in 2024. Several of our consumer brand businesses experienced a decrease in net revenues in 2023 resulting from higher than anticipated end market inventory levels due to supply chain normalization and a corresponding inventory ordering surge experienced in 2022. Transportation costs have also decreased from a peak, but global geopolitical threats that arose in the latter half of 2023 continue to pressure both fuel and freight costs. Accordingly, our liquidity and financial results could be impacted in ways that we are not able to predict today.
Despite the negative trends noted above, the diversification of our businesses, concentration in the North American market and actions we have taken over the last few years to improve the overall composition of our subsidiary companies and to reduce our cost of capital have positioned us, we believe, to continue to execute on our strategy during 2024 from a position of strength.
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Business Outlook
The Company anticipates that the areas of focus for 2024, which are generally applicable to each of our businesses, include:
•Pursuing sales growth through a combination of new product development, increasing distribution, new customer acquisitions and international expansion;
•Driving free cash flow through increased net income and effective working capital management, enabling continued investment in our businesses;
•Raising prices, when appropriate, on our goods due to rising input costs to preserve operating margins;
•Taking market share, where possible, in each of our niche market leading companies, generally at the expense of less well capitalized competitors;
•Striving for excellence in supply chain management, manufacturing and technological capabilities;
•Continuing to pursue expense reduction and cost savings in lower margin business lines or in response to lower production volume; and
•Continuing to grow through disciplined, strategic acquisitions and rigorous integration processes.
Recent Events
Acquisition of The Honey Pot Co.
On January 31, 2024 (the "Closing Date"), the LLC, through its newly formed acquisition subsidiaries, THP Topco, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“THP Topco”) and THP Intermediate, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“THP Buyer”), acquired The Honey Pot Company Holdings, LLC (“THP”) and certain of its affiliated entities pursuant to a Merger and Stock Purchase Agreement (the “THP Purchase Agreement”) dated January 14, 2024 by and among THP Buyer, THP, VMG Honey Pot Blocker, Inc. (“Blocker I”), NVB1, Inc. (“Blocker II”), VMG Tax-Exempt IV, L.P., New Voices Fund, LP, THP Merger Sub, LLC (“THP Merger Sub”), VMG Honey Pot Holdings, LLC, as the Sellers’ Representative, and certain remaining equity holders of THP. Pursuant to the THP Purchase Agreement, subsequent to certain internal reorganizations, THP Buyer acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity of Blocker I and Blocker II and, thereafter, THP Merger Sub merged with and into THP (the “THP Merger”), with THP surviving such that the separate existence of THP Merger Sub ceased, with THP surviving the THP Merger as a wholly-owned, indirect subsidiary of the THP Topco. THP is the parent company of The Honey Pot Company (DE), LLC (“The Honey Pot Co.”).
The Company purchased The Honey Pot for a total enterprise value of $380 million, before working capital and certain other adjustments (the “THP Purchase Price”). The Company funded the THP Purchase Price with cash on hand. Certain minority equity holders of THP executed agreements pursuant to which they contributed a portion of their THP equity (the “THP Rollover Equity”) to THP Topco in exchange for THP Topco common stock. THP Topco contributed the THP Rollover Equity to THP Buyer. Certain other members of The Honey Pot Co. management team also contributed cash in exchange for equity in THP Topco. The Company directly owns approximately 85% of THP Topco, which in turn indirectly owns all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of THP and The Honey Pot Co. Concurrent with the Closing, the Company provided a credit facility to THP Buyer, THP and The Honey Pot Co., as borrowers (the “THP Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which a secured revolving loan commitment and secured term loans were made available to Buyer, THP and The Honey Pot Co. (collectively, the “Borrowers”). The initial amount outstanding under these facilities on the Closing Date was approxima tely $110 million.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
"U.S. GAAP" or "GAAP" refer to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. A non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of historical or future performance, financial position or cash flow that excludes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that effectively exclude amounts, included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in our financial statements, and vice versa for measures that include amounts, or are subject to adjustments that effectively include amounts, that are excluded from the most directly comparable measure as calculated and presented.
See “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further discussion of our non-GAAP financial measures and related reconciliations.
Results of Operations
The following discussion reflects a comparison of the historical results of operations of our consolidated business for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, and components of the results of operations as well
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as those components presented as a percent of net revenues, for each of our subsidiary businesses on a stand-alone basis.
In the following results of operations, we provide (i) our actual Consolidated Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, which includes the historical results of operations of each of our businesses (operating segments) from the date of acquisition in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP" or "US GAAP), and (ii) comparative historical components of the results of operations for each of our businesses on a stand-alone basis for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, where all periods presented include relevant pro forma adjustments for pre-acquisition periods and explanations where applicable. For the acquisition of The Honey Pot Co. in January 2024, the pro forma results of operations for The Honey Pot Co. business segment has been prepared as if we purchased this business on January 1, 2023. We believe this is the most meaningful comparison for the operating results of acquired business segments. The following results of operations at each of our businesses are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full year.
All dollar amounts in the financial tables are presented in thousands. References in the financial tables to percentage changes that are not meaningful are denoted by "NM."
Results of Operations - Consolidated
The following table sets forth our unaudited results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

| Three months ended |  |
(in thousands) | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net revenues | $ | 524,290 |  |  | $ | 483,933 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of revenues | 282,463 |  |  | 278,869 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 241,827 |  |  | 205,064 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expense | 150,714 |  |  | 130,264 |  |  |  |  |
Fees to manager | 18,067 |  |  | 16,270 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles | 26,288 |  |  | 23,973 |  |  |  |  |
Impairment expense | 8,182 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Operating income | 38,576 |  |  | 34,557 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (23,575) |  |  | (26,180) |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of debt issuance costs | (1,005) |  |  | (1,005) |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense) | (2,874) |  |  | 1,160 |  |  |  |  |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 11,122 |  |  | 8,532 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes | 8,686 |  |  | 6,920 |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 2,436 |  |  | $ | 1,612 |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net revenues
Consolidated net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by approximately $40.4 million, or 8.3%, compared to the corresponding period in 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to 2023, we saw notable increases in net revenues at BOA ($4.9 million increase) and Lugano ($39.2 million increase), offset by decreases in net revenue at Velocity Outdoor ($4.1 million decrease), Altor Solutions ($8.1 million decrease) and Sterno ($10.2 million decrease). The Honey Pot Co., which we acquired on January 31, 2024, contributed $20.2 million in net revenues in the first quarter of 2024. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segments" for a more detailed analysis of net revenues by subsidiary business segment.
We do not generate any revenues apart from those generated by our subsidiaries. We may generate interest income on the investment of available funds, but expect such earnings to be minimal. We make loans from the Company to our subsidiary businesses and also hold equity interests in those businesses. Cash flows coming to the Trust and the LLC are the result of interest payments on those loans, amortization of those loans and additional principal payments on those loans. However, on a consolidated basis, these items will be eliminated.
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Cost of revenues
On a consolidated basis, cost of revenues increased approximately $3.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023. We saw notable increases in cost of revenues at BOA ($1.5 million increase) and Lugano ($12.5 million increase) that correlates with the increase in net revenue in the first quarter of 2024. We saw notable decreases in cost of revenues at Velocity ($2.6 million decrease), Altor ($7.6 million decrease), and Sterno ($11.3 million decrease) that corresponded to the decrease in net revenue noted above. The Honey Pot Co. had cost of sales of $11.6 million in the first quarter of 2024 post-acquisition. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues was approximately 46.1% in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to 42.4% in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2023 is driven by the mix of products sold, with increases in net revenue at our higher margin businesses, particularly Lugano. Our branded consumer businesses had gross profit as a percentage of net revenues of 53.8% in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to 52.0% in the first quarter of 2023, while our industrial businesses had gross profit as a percentage of net revenues of 28.6% in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to 25.7% in the first quarter of 2023. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segment s" for a more detailed analysis of gross profit by subsidiary business segment.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Consolidated selling, general and administrative expense increased approximately $20.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the corresponding period in 2023. We saw increases in selling, general and administrative expenses at several of our consumer brands due to increased investment in marketing and headcount, increases in employee compensation and increases in fulfillment costs. We saw notable increase in selling, general and administrative expenses at BOA ($1.7 million of the increase), Ergobaby ($1.3 million of the increase) and Lugano ($7.1 million of the increase). The Honey Pot Co. had selling, general and administrative expense of $8.9 million in the first quarter of 2024 post-acquisition, of which $3.5 million was transaction costs associated with the acquisition. Refer to "Results of Operations - Business Segments" for a more detailed analysis of selling, general and administrative expense by subsidiary business segment. At the corporate level, general and administrative expense was $4.9 million in the first quarter of 2024 and $4.8 million in the first quarter of 2023, an increase of $0.1 million.
Fees to manager
Pursuant to the Management Services Agreement ("MSA"), we pay CGM a quarterly management fee equal to 0.5% (2.0% annually) of our consolidated adjusted net assets. We accrue for the management fee on a quarterly basis. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we incurred approximately $18.1 million in management fees as compared to $16.3 million in fees in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in management fees is primarily attributable to our acquisition of The Honey Pot Co. in January 2024.
CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for a period through June 30, 2023 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to PrimaLoft, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee paid in the first quarter of 2023 than would have normally been due. PrimaLoft was acquired in July 2022.
Amortization expense
Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased $2.3 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 as a result of the amortization expense associated with the intangibles that were recognized in conjunction with the purchase price allocation for The Honey Pot Co., which was acquired in January 2024.
Impairment expense
In connection with our annual goodwill impairment test, we tested the goodwill at the Velocity reporting unit quantitatively. The impairment test resulted in Velocity recording impairment expense of $8.2 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2024.
Interest expense
We recorded interest expense totaling $23.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $26.2 million for the comparable period in 2023, a decrease of $2.6 million. We received $1.8 million in interest income on our cash balances at the LLC during the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to the proceeds from our sale of Marucci. The remaining decrease in interest expense in the current quarter reflects the lower average amount
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outstanding under our revolving credit facility in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023. There was an average of $29 million outstanding on the revolving credit facility in the first quarter of 2024 and $107 million outstanding in the first quarter of 2023. The amount outstanding on the revolving credit facility in the last year was impacted by the timing of our dispositions and acquisitions in the past year, with the proceeds from the sale of Advanced Circuits in February 2023 used to pay down outstanding balances on the facility, and the proceeds from the sale of Marucci in November 2023 used to pay for the acquisition of The Honey Pot Co. rather than using the availability under the facility.
Other income (expense)
For the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we recorded $2.9 million in other expense as compared to $1.2 million in other income in the quarter ended March 31, 2023, a decrease of $4.0 million. Other incom e (expense) typically reflects the movement in foreign currency at our subsidiary businesses with international operations, gains or (losses) realized on the sale of property, plant and equipment, and expenses incurred or income earned that are not considered a part of our operations. In the quarter ended March 31, 2024, the other expense reflects a loss on an equity method investment at Altor Solutions.
Income taxes
We had an income tax provision of $8.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to an income tax provision of $6.9 million during the same period in 2023, an increase of $1.8 million. Our effective tax rate in the quarter ended March 31, 2024 was 78.1%, compared to an effective income tax rate of 81.1% during the same period in 2023. Our tax rate is affected by recurring items, such as tax rates in foreign jurisdictions and the relative amounts of income we earn in those jurisdictions. It is also affected by discrete items that may occur in any given year but are not consistent from year to year. In addition to state income taxes, the items with the most significant impact on the difference between our statutory U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% percent and our effective income tax rate in 2024 was the limitations on the net operating loss carryforwards and utilization of tax credits at our subsidiaries and the impairment expense recognized at Velocity in the first quarter of 2024.
Results of Operations - Business Segments
Branded Consumer Businesses
5.11

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 124,974 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 124,452 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 65,927 |  |  | 52.8 | % |  | $ | 64,943 |  |  | 52.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 55,339 |  |  | 44.3 | % |  | $ | 54,831 |  |  | 44.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 8,167 |  |  | 6.5 | % |  | $ | 7,670 |  |  | 6.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $125.0 million as compared to net sales of $124.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $0.5 million, or 0.4%. This increase was driven largely by a $2.7 million increase in international sales growth from strong demand, which was partially offset by a $1.1 million decrease in direct-to-consumer sales, and a $0.8 million decrease in domestic wholesale sales due to decreased inventory availability.
Gross profit
Gross profit was $65.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to $64.9 million i n the three months ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $1.0 million. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 52.8% in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to 52.2% in the first quarter of 2023. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was favorably impacted by decreased product costs.
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Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $55.3 million, or 44.3% of net sales compared to $54.8 million, or 44.1% of net sales for the comparable period in 2023. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense was largely driven by the costs associated with additional retail stores and increased headcount from March 31, 2023, which was offset by a decrease in outside service and bonus related expenses.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $8.2 million, an increase of $0.5 million when compared to segment operating income of $7.7 million for the same period in 2023, based on the factors described above.
BOA

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 42,903 |  |  | 100.0% |  | $ | 37,986 |  |  | 100.0% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 26,215 |  |  | 61.1% |  | $ | 22,791 |  |  | 60.0% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 12,381 |  |  | 28.9% |  | $ | 10,660 |  |  | 28.1% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 9,656 |  |  | 22.5% |  | $ | 7,951 |  |  | 20.9% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $42.9 million as compared to net sales of $38.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $4.9 million, or 12.9%. The increase was reflected across key industries including Cycling, Athletic, Workwear and Snow Sports. The increase in sales was a result of the improvement of end market inventory levels, coupled with market share gains in many of our key industries.
Gross profit
Gross profit was $26.2 million i n the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to $22.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $3.4 million. Gross Profit as a percentage of net sales was 61.1% in the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to 60.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales was driven by manufacturing overhead leverage, reduced freight and warranty costs as well as product mix.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $12.4 million, or 28.9% of net sales compared to $10.7 million, or 28.1% of net sales for the comparable period in 2023. The increase in selling, general, and administrative expense is primarily due to increased employee costs related to BOA’s bonus plan and equity program.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $9.7 million, an increase of $1.7 million when compared to segment operating income of $8.0 million for the same period in 2023, based on the factors described above.
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Ergobaby

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 21,218 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 22,418 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 13,958 |  |  | 65.8 | % |  | $ | 14,115 |  |  | 63.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 12,991 |  |  | 61.2 | % |  | $ | 11,737 |  |  | 52.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income (loss) |  | $ | (998) |  |  | (4.7) | % |  | $ | 388 |  |  | 1.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $21.2 million, a decrease of $1.2 million, or 5.4%, compared to the same period in 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, international sales were approximately $12.1 million, representing a decrease of $1.5 million over the corresponding period in 2023, primarily as a res ult o f timing of Asia-Pacific distributor orders and an European warehouse transition during March causing delayed shipments. Domestic sales were $9.1 million in the first quarter of 2024, reflecting an increase of $0.3 million compared to the corresponding period in 2023. The increase in domestic sales was primarily due to increases from online channels across brands.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 65.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to 63.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of sales was du e to shifts in channel mix and reduced costs.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense increased $1.3 million quarter over quarter, with expense of $13.0 million, or 61.2% of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to $11.7 million or 52.4% of net sales for the same period of 2023. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense in the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the comparable period in the prior year is due to increased outbound freight, warehousing and marketing expenses, as well as increased legal fees.
Segment operating income (loss)
Ergobaby had segment operating loss of $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, a decrease of $1.4 million compared to the same period in 2023, based on the factors noted above.
Lugano

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 103,039 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 63,887 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 60,904 |  |  | 59.1 | % |  | $ | 34,277 |  |  | 53.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 20,159 |  |  | 19.6 | % |  | $ | 13,073 |  |  | 20.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 39,317 |  |  | 38.2 | % |  | $ | 19,776 |  |  | 31.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 increased approximately $39.2 million, or 61.3%, to $103.0 million, compared to the corresponding quarter ended March 31, 2023. Lugano sells high-end jewelry primarily through retail salons in California, Florida, Texas, Washington D.C., Colorado and Connecticut, and via pop-up showrooms at multiple equestrian, social and charitable functions each year. In the current year period, Lugano has experienced strong same store sales growth as it has invested in building out its inventory as well as its sales, marketing and event staff, while increasing the number of social and charitable functions it has attended. Lugano also opened its
46

Washington D.C. location in March 2023 and its Greenwich, Connecticut location in September 2023, and expects to open more retail locations in the near term to further expand sales opportunities, including a salon in London in the second quarter of 2024.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales totaled approximately 59.1% and 53.7% for the quarters ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively. Lugano has an extensive network of suppliers through which they procure high quality diamonds and gemstones, which make up a significant percentage of the cost of sales. The increase in margins is attributable to pricing and product mix, especially in its higher priced jewelry pieces.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense was $20.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to $13.1 million in selling, general and administrative expense in the three months ended March 31, 2023. Selling, general and administrative expense represented 19.6% of net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 20.5% of net sales for the same period of 2023. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense is primarily due to increased marketing spend and personnel costs, and variable costs that correlate to the increase in revenue. Lugano continues to increase its head count as it invests in additional professionals to support its growth.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income increased during the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $39.3 million, as compared to $19.8 million in the corresponding period in 2023. This increase was a result of the factors noted above.
PrimaLoft

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 22,541 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 24,529 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 14,050 |  |  | 62.3 | % |  | $ | 15,580 |  |  | 63.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 5,297 |  |  | 23.5 | % |  | $ | 5,106 |  |  | 20.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 3,300 |  |  | 14.6 | % |  | $ | 5,021 |  |  | 20.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $22.5 million, a decrease of $2.0 million as compared to net sales of $24.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in net sales in the current quarter versus the quarter ended March 31, 2023 is attributabl e to lower ordering from existing customers due to higher inventory levels that retailers are challenged to normalize with consumer demand, which more than offset new customer wins. We expect that retail ordering will begin to normalize this year which we believe will improve our results in 2024.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 decreased $1.5 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was 62.3%, as compared to gross profit as a percentage of sales of 63.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2023 is due to product margin shift.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $5.3 million, or 23.5% of net sales compared to $5.1 million, or 20.8% of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Selling, general and administrative expense in the prior year quarter included $1.2 million in integration services fees associated with the Company's acquisition of PrimaLoft. The increase in selling, general and administrative expense is due to the increase in headcount as PrimaLoft continues to focus on future growth.
47

Segment operating loss
Segment operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $3.3 million, a decrease of $1.7 million when compared to segment operating income of $5.0 million for the same period in 2023, as a result of the factors noted above.
The Honey Pot Co.
In the following results of operations, we provide comparative pro forma results of operations for The Honey Pot Co. for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 as if we had acquired the business on January 1, 2023. The results of operations that follow include relevant pro-forma adjustments for pre-acquisition periods and explanations where applicable. The operating results for The Honey Pot Co. have been included in the consolidated results of operation from the date of acquisition in January 2024.

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
|  | Proforma |  |  |  | Proforma |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 30,836 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 31,878 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 14,919 |  |  | 48.4 | % |  | $ | 18,950 |  |  | 59.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 11,656 |  |  | 37.8 | % |  | $ | 8,608 |  |  | 27.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating (loss) income |  | $ | (535) |  |  | (1.7) | % |  | $ | 6,544 |  |  | 20.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Pro forma results of operations include the following pro forma adjustments as if we had acquired The Honey Pot Co. on January 1, 2023:
•Incremental stock compensation expense of $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This amount is included in SG&A above and reduces segment operating income.
•Amortization expense associated with the intangible assets recorded in connection with the purchase price allocation for THP of $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and $3.5 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This amount reduces segment operating income.
•Management fees that would have been payable to the Manager during each period. THP will pay a management fee of $1.0 million per year ($0.25 million per quarter) to CGM. This amount reduces segment operating income.
Proforma three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to proforma three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $30.8 million, a decrease of $1.0 million or 3.3% from net sales of $31.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in net sales is primarily due to normalized replenishment levels in the current quarter as compared to larger, pipe fill orders from new customers and doors added in the drug and grocery channels in the first quarter of 2023.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 decreased $4.0 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was 48.4%, as compared to gross profit as a percentage of sales of 59.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Cost of sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2024 includes $2.7 million in amortization of the inventory step-up resulting from the acquisition purchase allocation. Excluding the effect of the step-up amortization, gross profit as a percentage of net sales for the first quarter of 2024 was 57.0%. The decline in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2023 is attributable to channel mix shift and higher fixed costs due to the replacement of 3PL distribution with a larger dedicated distribution center to support future growth and that will benefit from scale efficiencies over time.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $11.7 million, or 37.8% of net sales compared to $8.6 million, or 27.0% of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Selling,
48

general and administrative expense in the current quarter includes $3.5 million in transaction costs associated with the Company's acquisition of The Honey Pot Co.
Segment operating income (loss)
Segment operating loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $0.5 million, a decrease of $7.1 million when compared to segment operating income of $6.5 million for the same period in 2023, as a result of the factors noted above.
Velocity Outdoor

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 29,899 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 34,040 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 6,498 |  |  | 21.7 | % |  | $ | 8,015 |  |  | 23.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 8,219 |  |  | 27.5 | % |  | $ | 8,770 |  |  | 25.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment expense |  | $ | 8,182 |  |  | 27.4 | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating loss |  | $ | (12,424) |  |  | (41.6) | % |  | $ | (3,276) |  |  | (9.6) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $29.9 million, a decrease of $4.1 million or 12.2%, compared to the same period in 2023. The decrease in net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is due to reduced traffic at retail along with continued focus on inventory levels by our customers.
Gross profit
Gross profit for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 decreased $1.5 million as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2023. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased to 21.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to 23.5% in the three months ended March 31, 2023 due to customer mix and reduced absorption of manufacturing costs driven by lower revenue.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $8.2 million, or 27.5% of net sales compared to $8.8 million, or 25.8% of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $0.6 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the prior period but increased as a percentage of net sales due to the decrease in revenue noted above.
Impairment expense
The Velocity reporting unit was tested quantitatively in connection with the company's annual goodwill impairment testing, The impairment test resulted in Velocity recording impairment expense of $8.2 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2024 after the fair value of the reporting unit did not exceed the carrying value.
Segment operating loss
Segment operating loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $12.4 million, an increase of $9.1 million when compared to segment operating loss of $3.3 million for the same period in 2023 based on the factors noted above.
49

Industrial Businesses
Altor Solutions

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 53,404 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 61,512 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 16,173 |  |  | 30.3 | % |  | $ | 16,713 |  |  | 27.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 6,950 |  |  | 13.0 | % |  | $ | 7,182 |  |  | 11.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 6,628 |  |  | 12.4 | % |  | $ | 6,934 |  |  | 11.3 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 were $53.4 million, a decrease of $8.1 million, or 13.2%, compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in net sales during the quarter was due to shifting market conditions of the food delivery and other cold chain markets, which represent one of Altor's largest customer segments.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 30.3% and 27.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in gross profit as a percentage of net sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2024, was primarily due to an improved cost base and raw material savings.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $7.0 million as compared to $7.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, a decrease of $0.2 million. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expense in the first quarter of 2024 was due to lower incentive compensation as a result of the decrease in revenue.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income was $6.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024, a decrease of $0.3 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, based on the factors noted above.
Arnold

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 41,287 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 40,090 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 11,805 |  |  | 28.6 | % |  | $ | 12,041 |  |  | 30.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 6,883 |  |  | 16.7 | % |  | $ | 6,252 |  |  | 15.6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 4,172 |  |  | 10.1 | % |  | $ | 5,038 |  |  | 12.6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were approximately $41.3 million, an increase of $1.2 million compared to the same period in 2023. International sales were $13.4 million in both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and t he three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in net sales is primarily a result of increased demand in several markets including Aerospace and Defense, and Oil and Gas, partially offset by lower demand in the Industrial and Transportation markets.
50

Gross profit
Gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was approximately $11.8 million compared to approximately $12.0 million in the same period of 2023. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased to 28.6% for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 from 30.0% in the quarter ended March 31, 2023 principally d ue to product mix and higher staffing related costs.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense in the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $6.9 million, an increase in expense of approximately $0.6 million compared to $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 due to increases in travel expense and consulting fees during the current quarter. Selling, general and administrative expense was 16.7% of net sales in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 15.6% in the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was approximately $4.2 million, a decrease of $0.9 million when compared to the same period in 2023, as a result of the factors noted above.
Sterno

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Net sales |  | $ | 64,860 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 75,019 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | $ | 17,711 |  |  | 27.3 | % |  | $ | 16,560 |  |  | 22.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SG&A |  | $ | 8,689 |  |  | 13.4 | % |  | $ | 7,830 |  |  | 10.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating income |  | $ | 4,785 |  |  | 7.4 | % |  | $ | 4,493 |  |  | 6.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023
Net sales
Net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were approximately $64.9 million, a decrease of $10.2 million, o r 13.5%, compared to the same period in 2023. The net sales variance reflects lower sales due to changes in consumer discretionary buying behaviors as a result of inflationary pressures.
Gross profit
Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased from 22.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to 27.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in gross profit percentage in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023 was primarily attribut able to favorable direct materials, labor and freight costs across both divisions of the company.
Selling, general and administrative expense
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was approximately $8.7 million as compared to $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $0.9 million reflecting an increase in sales and marketing related salaries and promotional activity for both divisions of the company in the current period. Selling, genera l and administrative expense represented 13.4% of net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 10.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Segment operating income
Segment operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was approximately $4.8 million, an increase of $0.3 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 based on the factors noted above.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
We generate cash primarily from the operations of our subsidiaries, and we have the ability to borrow under our 2022 Credit Facility to fund our operating, investing and financing activities. In January 2023, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing the Company to repurchase, through December 31, 2023, up to $50 million of its outstanding common shar es. In 2021, we filed a prospectus supplement pursuant to which we may, but we have no obligation to, issue and sell up to $500 million of the common shares of the Trust in amounts and at times to be determined by us. In the first quarter of 2024, we filed a prospectus supplement pursuant to which we may, but we have no obligation to, issue and sell up to $100 million of the preferred shares of the Trust in amounts and at times to be determined by us. Actual sales will depend on a variety of factors to be determined by us from time to time, including, market conditions, the trading price of Trust common and preferred shares and determinations by us regarding appropriate sources of funding.
Our liquidity requirements primarily relate to our debt service requirements, payments of our common and preferred share distributions, management fees paid to our Manager, working capital needs and purchase commitments at our subsidiaries. As of March 31, 2024, we had $1,000.0 million of indebtedness associated with our 5.250% 2029 Notes, $300.0 million of indebtedness associated with our 5.000% 2032 Notes, $382.5 million outstanding on our 2022 Term Loan, and $46.0 million outstanding on our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. Only our 2022 Term Loan has required principal payments. Long-term debt liquidity requirements consist of the payment in full of our Notes upon their respective maturity dates, amounts outstanding under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility upon its maturity date, and principal payments under our 2022 Term Loan. The 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly payments ranging from $2.5 million to $7.5 million, commencing September 30, 2022, with a final payment of all remaining principal and interest due on July 12, 2027, which is the 2022 Term Loan’s maturity date. At March 31, 2024, approxim ately 25% of our out standing debt was subject to interest rate changes.
At March 31, 2024, we had approximately $64.7 million of cash and cash equivalents on hand, a decrease of $385.8 million as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023. In November 2023, we sold our Marucci subsidiary, receiving approximately $484.0 million o f total proceeds at closing. A portion of the proceeds from the Marucci sale were used to pay down outstanding debt under the Company’s 2022 Revolving Credit Facility and the remaining amount was held in short term investment and savings accounts at December 31, 2023. On January 31, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of The Honey Pot Co. using cash held on our balance sheet. The majority of our cash is in non-interest bearing checking accounts or invested in short-term money market accounts and is maintained in accordance with the Company’s investment policy, which identifies allowable investments and specifies credit quality standards. Our availability under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility at March 31, 2024 was $551.6 million. The change in cash and cash equivalents for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
Operating Activities:

|  | Three months ended
(in thousands) |  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities |  | $ | (13,201) |  |  | $ | 15,545 |

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, cash flows used in operating activities totaled approximately $13.2 million, which represents a $28.7 million increase in cash use compared to cash provided by operating activities of $15.5 million during the three-month period ended March 31, 2023. Cash used in operating activities for working capital for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $60.9 million, as compared to cash used in operating activities for working capital of $36.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. We typically have a higher usage of cash for working capital in the first half of the year as most of our subsidiaries will build up inventories after the fourth quarter of the prior year. In the prior year, several of our businesses were working through higher levels of inventory that that were increased to combat supply chain issues during 2022 given longer lead times, resulting in lower cash outflows in the first quarter of 2023.
Lugano has used significant cash to build inventory to support its sales growth strategy, with net inventory build of $80 million in the first quarter of 2024 and $27 million in the first quarter of 2023. We expect Lugano to continue to use working capital to support its growth.
52

Investing Activities:

|  | Three months ended
(in thousands) |  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  | $ | (382,478) |  |  | $ | 154,724 |

Cash flows used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 totaled $382.5 million, compared to cash provided by investing activities of $154.7 million in the same period of 2023. In the current year, cash used in investing activities reflects our acquisition of The Honey Pot Co. in January 2024, while in the prior year, investing activities reflects the sale of Advanced Circuits and the proceeds received related to the sale. Capital expenditures spend decreased $7.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, with $7.7 million in capital expenditures in 2024 and $14.9 million in capital expenditures in 2023. The decrease in capital expenditures is primarily due to a lower investment at 5.11 as they reduced the number of retail stores they plan to open in the current year as compared to the prior year. We expect capital expenditures for the full year of 2024 to be between approx imately $50 million to $60 million.
Financing Activities:

|  | Three months ended
(in thousands) |  | March 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2023
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | $ | 10,905 |  |  | $ | (178,446) |

Cash flows provided by financing activities totaled approximately $10.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to cash flows used in financing activities of $178.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Financing activities in the current year reflects $2.0 million in Trust common and preferred shares issued under our at-the-market share offering program while financing activities in the first three months of 2023 reflects $4.0 million on purchases under our share repurchase program. In the current year, we borrowed $46 million, net, against our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, while in the prior year, we used the proceeds from our sale of Advanced Circuits to repay amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility, resulting in net repayments in the first quarter of 2023 of $147 million under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. The current year cash provided by financing activities also reflects the amount of equity investment made by noncontrolling shareholders related to the acquisition of The Honey Pot Co. ($41.7 million). Financing activities in both periods reflect the payment of our common and preferred share distributions, and current period financing cash flows includes the payment of the profit allocation from the sale of Marucci to the Allocation Interest Holders of $48.9 million.
Intercompany Debt
A component of our acquisition financing strategy that we utilize in acquiring the subsidiary businesses we own and manage is to provide both equity capital and debt capital, raised at the parent level through our existing credit facility. Our strategy of providing intercompany debt financing within the capital structure of our subsidiaries allows us the ability to distribute cash to the parent company through monthly interest payments and amortization of the principal on these intercompany loans. Each loan to our subsidiary businesses has a scheduled maturity and each subsidiary business is entitled to repay all or a portion of the principal amount of the outstanding loans, without penalty, prior to maturity. Certain of our subsidiaries have paid down their respective intercompany debt balances through the cash flow generated by these subsidiaries and we have recapitalized, and expect to continue to recapitalize, these subsidiaries in the normal course of our business. The recapitalization process involves funding the intercompany debt using either cash on hand at the parent or our applicable credit facility, and serves the purpose of optimizing the capital structure at our subsidiaries and providing the noncontrolling shareholders with a distribution on their ownership interest in a cash flow positive business.
We will from time to time, amend the intercompany credit agreements to reflect changes in the business or funding needs of our businesses. The following amendments have been made in the time period indicated:
We have made several amendments to the Lugano intercompany credit agreement to allow Lugano to continue to expand their operations and build inventory to support their salon expansion. Amendments were made to the Lugano intercompany credit agreement in the first quarter of 2024, and the second, third and fourth quarter of 2023. We expect to continue to fund Lugano to support their sales growth in the upcoming year.
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In the first quarter of 2024, we amended the PrimaLoft intercompany credit agreement to amend the fixed charge ratio and leverage ratio covenants contained within their intercompany credit agreement.
In the second quarter of 2023, we amended the Velocity intercompany credit agreement to extend the term of the facility and to increase the borrowing availability under the fa cility.
In the fourth quarter of 2023, we amended the Ergo Credit Agreement to permit the fixed charge coverage ratio to remain at the September 30, 2023 level through the period ending December 31, 2024.
In December 2023, we completed a recapitalization at BOA whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany loan agreement with BOA (the "BOA Credit Agreement"). The BOA Credit Agreement was amended to provide for additional term loan borrowings of $165.9 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC received a distribution of $131.0 million related to their ownership of the outstanding shares of BOA on the date of the distribution. Noncontrolling shareholders received a distribution of $11.7 million, and the remaining amount of the recapitalization was used to repurchase employee stock options and to pay a bonus to employees who held phantom stock options and were not eligible to participate in the distribution to noncontrolling shareholders.
All of our subsidiaries except PrimaLoft and Velocity were in compliance with the financial covenants included within their intercompany credit arrangements at March 31, 2024. We issued a waiver to PrimaLoft for the quarters ended December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024 related to their leverage ratio in the intercompany credit agreement. We issued a waiver to Velocity related to the fixed charge and leverage ratios in the intercompany credit agreement for the quarter ended March 31, 2024.
All intercompany loans eliminate in consolidation and are not reflected in the consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2024, we had the following outstanding loans due from each of our subsidiary businesses (in thousands):

Subsidiary |  | Intercompany loan
5.11 |  | $ | 129,671 |
BOA |  | 207,731 |
Ergobaby |  | 83,125 |
Lugano |  | 451,011 |
PrimaLoft |  | 155,700 |
The Honey Pot Co. |  | 108,500 |
Velocity Outdoor |  | 114,850 |
Altor |  | 71,743 |
Arnold |  | 67,697 |
Sterno |  | 115,664 |
Total intercompany debt |  | $ | 1,505,692 |
Corporate and eliminations |  | (1,505,692) |
Total |  | $ | — |

Our primary source of cash is from the receipt of interest and principal on the outstanding loans to our subsidiaries. Accordingly, we are dependent upon the earnings of and cash flow from these businesses, which are available for (i) operating expenses; (ii) payment of principal and interest under our applicable credit facility and interest on our Senior Notes; (iii) payments to CGM due pursuant to the MSA and the LLC Agreement; (iv) cash distributions to our shareholders; and (v) investments in future acquisitions. Payments made under (iii) above are required to be paid before distributions to shareholders and may be significant and exceed the funds held by us, which may require us to dispose of assets or incur debt to fund such expenditures.
Financing Arrangements
2022 Credit Facility
On July 12, 2022, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "2022 Credit Facility") to amend and restate the 2021 Credit Facility. The 2022 Credit Facility provides for revolving loans, swing line loans and letters of credit up to a maximum aggregate amount of $600 million (the "2022 Revolving Credit Facility") and also permits the LLC, prior to the applicable maturity date, to increase the revolving loan commitment and/or obtain
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term loans in an aggregate amount of up to $250 million, subject to certain restrictions and conditions. All amounts outstanding under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility will become due o n July 12, 2027, which is th e maturity date of loans advanced under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. The 2022 Credit Facility also provides for a $400 million term loan (the “2022 Term Loan”). The 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly payments ranging from $2.5 million to $7.5 million, commencing September 30, 2022, with a final payment of all remaining principal and interest due on July 12, 2027, which is the 2022 Term Loan’s maturity date.
We had $551.6 million in net availability under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility at March 31, 2024. The outstanding borrowings under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility include $2.5 million of outstanding letters of credit at March 31, 2024, which are not reflected on our balance sheet.
Senior Notes
2032 Notes
On November 17, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $300 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.000% Senior Notes due 2032 (the "2032 Notes") offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2032 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of November 17, 2021 (the “2032 Notes Indenture”), between the LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The 2032 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.000% per annum and will mature on January 15, 2032. Interest on the 2032 Notes is payable in cash on July 15th and January 15th of each year. The 2032 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the LLC and are not guaranteed by our subsidiaries. The proceeds from the sale of the 2032 Notes were used to repay debt outstanding under the 2021 Credit Facility.
2029 Notes
On March 23, 2021, we consummated the issuance and sale of $1,000 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.250% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) offered pursuant to a private offering to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and to non-U.S. persons under Regulation S under the Securities Act. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of March 23, 2021 (the “2029 Notes Indenture”), between the LLC and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The 2029 Notes bear interest at the rate of 5.250% per annum and will mature on April 15, 2029. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable in cash on April 15th and October 15th of each year. The 2029 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the LLC and are not guaranteed by our subsidiaries.
The following table reflects required and actual financial ratios as of March 31, 2024 included as part of the affirmative covenants in our 2022 Credit Facility.

Description of Required Covenant Ratio |  | Covenant Ratio Requirement |  | Actual Ratio
Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio |  | Greater than or equal to 1.50:1.0 |  | 4.15:1.0
Consolidated Senior Secured Leverage Ratio |  | Less than or equal to 3.50:1.0 |  | 0.89:1.0
Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio |  | Less than or equal to 5.00:1.0 |  | 3.84:1.0

Interest Expense
The components of interest expense and periodic interest charges on outstanding debt are as follows (in thousands):

| Three months ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Interest on credit facilities | $ | 7,985 |  |  | $ | 8,728 |
Interest on Senior Notes | 16,875 |  |  | 16,875 |
Unused fee on Revolving Credit Facility | 551 |  |  | 491 |
Other interest expense | 12 |  |  | 92 |
Interest income | (1,848) |  |  | (6) |
Interest expense, net | $ | 23,575 |  |  | $ | 26,180 |

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The following table provides the effective interest rate of the Company’s outstanding debt at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
| Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount |  | Effective Interest Rate |  | Amount
2029 Senior Notes | 5.25% |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | 5.25% |  | $ | 1,000,000 |
2032 Senior Notes | 5.00% |  | 300,000 |  |  | 5.00% |  | 300,000 |
2022 Term Loan | 7.59% |  | 382,500 |  |  | 7.50% |  | 385,000 |
2022 Revolving Credit Facility | 8.16% |  | 46,000 |  |  | —% |  | — |
Unamortized debt issuance costs |  |  | (12,518) |  |  |  |  | (13,121) |
Total debt outstanding |  |  | $ | 1,715,982 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,671,879 |

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
GAAP or U.S. GAAP refer to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. From time to time we may publicly disclose certain “non-GAAP” financial measures in the course of our investor presentations, earnings releases, earnings conference calls or other venues. A non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of historical or future performance, financial position or cash flow that excludes amounts, or is subject to adjustments that effectively exclude amounts, included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in our financial statements, and vice versa for measures that include amounts, or are subject to adjustments that effectively include amounts, that are excluded from the most directly comparable measure as calculated and presented.
Non-GAAP financial measures are provided as additional information to investors in order to provide them with an alternative method for assessing our financial condition and operating results. These measures are not intended to replace the presentation of financial results in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and may be different from or otherwise inconsistent with non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures supplements other metrics we use to internally evaluate our subsidiary businesses and facilitate the comparison of past and present operations.
The tables below reconcile the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures to Adjusted earnings before Interest, Income Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA") and Adjusted Earnings.
Adjusted EBITDA – EBITDA is calculated as net income (loss) from continuing operations before interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), loss on debt extinguishment, depreciation expense and amortization expense. Amortization expenses consist of amortization of intangibles and debt charges, including debt issuance costs. Adjusted EBITDA is calculated utilizing the same calculation as described in arriving at EBITDA further adjusted by: (i) non-controlling stockholder compensation, which generally consists of non-cash stock option expense; (ii) successful acquisition costs, which consist of transaction costs (legal, accounting, due diligence, etc.) incurred in connection with the successful acquisition of a business expensed during the period in compliance with ASC 805; (iii) impairment charges, which reflect write downs to goodwill or other intangible assets; (iv) changes in the fair value of contingent consideration subsequent to initial purchase accounting, (v) integration service fees, which reflect fees paid by newly acquired companies to the Manager for integration services performed during the first year of ownership; and (vi) items of other income or expense that are material to a subsidiary and non-recurring in nature.
Adjusted Earnings –– Adjusted earnings is calculated as net income (loss) adjusted to include the cost of the distributions to preferred shareholders, and adjusted to exclude the impact of certain costs, expenses, gains and losses and other specified items the exclusion of which management believes provides insight regarding our ongoing operating performance. Depending on the period presented, these adjusted measures exclude the impact of certain of the following items: gains (losses) and income (loss) from discontinued operations, income (loss) from noncontrolling interest, amortization expense, subsidiary stock compensation expense, acquisition-related expenses and items of other income or expense that may be material to a subsidiary and non-recurring in nature.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Earnings are non-GAAP measures used by the Company to assess its performance. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Earnings provide useful information to investors and reflect important financial measures that are used by management in the monthly analysis of our operating results and in preparation of our annual budgets. We believe that investors’ understanding of our performance is enhanced
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by disclosing these performance measures as this presentation allows investors to view the performance of our businesses in a manner similar to the methods used by us and the management of our subsidiary businesses, provides additional insight into our operating results and provides a measure for evaluating targeted businesses for acquisition.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Earnings exclude the effects of items which reflect the impact of long-term investment decisions, rather than the performance of near-term operations. When compared to net income (loss) and net income (loss) from continuing operations, Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EBITDA, respectively, are each limited in that they do not reflect the periodic costs of certain capital assets used in generating revenues of our subsidiary businesses or the non-cash charges associated with impairments, as well as certain cash charges. The presentation of Adjusted Earnings provides insight into our operating results. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Earnings are not meant to be a substitute for GAAP, and may be different from or otherwise inconsistent with non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.
Reconciliation of Net income (loss) from continuing operations to Adjusted EBITDA
The following tables reconcile Adj u sted EBITDA to net income (loss) from continuing operations, which we consider to be the most comparable GAAP financial measure (in thousands):
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Adjusted EBITDA
Three months ended March 31, 2024
| Corporate |  | 5.11 |  | BOA |  | Ergobaby |  | Lugano |  | PrimaLoft |  | THP |  | Velocity Outdoor |  | Altor |  | Arnold |  | Sterno |  | Consolidated
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (5,248) |  |  | $ | 3,400 |  |  | 3,351 |  |  | $ | (1,831) |  |  | $ | 20,204 |  |  | $ | (1,313) |  |  | $ | (3,490) |  |  | $ | (15,973) |  |  | $ | 693 |  |  | $ | 1,651 |  |  | $ | 992 |  |  | $ | 2,436 |
Adjusted for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | — |  |  | 1,203 |  |  | 540 |  |  | (1,310) |  |  | 7,044 |  |  | (80) |  |  | (1,167) |  |  | 579 |  |  | 628 |  |  | 796 |  |  | 453 |  |  | 8,686 |
Interest expense, net | 23,593 |  |  | (3) |  |  | (3) |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | (2) |  |  | (22) |  |  | 44 |  |  | — |  |  | (35) |  |  | — |  |  | 23,575 |
Intercompany interest | (39,938) |  |  | 3,526 |  |  | 5,492 |  |  | 2,123 |  |  | 11,758 |  |  | 4,616 |  |  | 1,996 |  |  | 3,218 |  |  | 2,009 |  |  | 1,700 |  |  | 3,500 |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization | 254 |  |  | 5,873 |  |  | 5,438 |  |  | 2,185 |  |  | 2,347 |  |  | 5,327 |  |  | 5,138 |  |  | 3,276 |  |  | 4,085 |  |  | 2,153 |  |  | 4,935 |  |  | 41,011 |
EBITDA | (21,339) |  |  | 13,999 |  |  | 14,818 |  |  | 1,167 |  |  | 41,356 |  |  | 8,548 |  |  | 2,455 |  |  | (8,856) |  |  | 7,415 |  |  | 6,265 |  |  | 9,880 |  |  | 75,708 |
Other (income) expense | (39) |  |  | (34) |  |  | 75 |  |  | (5) |  |  | 76 |  |  | — |  |  | (17) |  |  | (297) |  |  | 3,236 |  |  | 52 |  |  | (173) |  |  | 2,874 |
Noncontrolling shareholder compensation | — |  |  | 534 |  |  | 1,429 |  |  | 259 |  |  | 504 |  |  | 680 |  |  | 145 |  |  | 194 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 329 |  |  | 4,330 |
Impairment expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,182 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,182 |
Acquisition expenses | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,479 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,479 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 90 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 184 |  |  | 274 |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | (21,378) |  |  | $ | 14,499 |  |  | $ | 16,322 |  |  | $ | 1,421 |  |  | $ | 41,936 |  |  | $ | 9,228 |  |  | $ | 6,152 |  |  | $ | (777) |  |  | $ | 10,903 |  |  | $ | 6,321 |  |  | $ | 10,220 |  |  | $ | 94,847 |

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Adjusted EBITDA
Three months ended March 31, 2023
| Corporate |  | 5.11 |  | BOA |  | Ergobaby |  | Lugano |  | PrimaLoft |  | Velocity Outdoor |  | Altor |  | Arnold |  | Sterno |  | Consolidated
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (14,212) |  |  | $ | 2,150 |  |  | $ | 5,368 |  |  | $ | (1,235) |  |  | $ | 9,968 |  |  | $ | (1,227) |  |  | $ | (4,501) |  |  | $ | 2,701 |  |  | $ | 2,305 |  |  | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | 1,612 |
Adjusted for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | — |  |  | 726 |  |  | 622 |  |  | (551) |  |  | 3,387 |  |  | 1,949 |  |  | (1,455) |  |  | 1,094 |  |  | 1,040 |  |  | 108 |  |  | 6,920 |
Interest expense, net | 26,052 |  |  | (1) |  |  | (2) |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | (2) |  |  | 124 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 26,180 |
Intercompany interest | (31,467) |  |  | 4,799 |  |  | 1,792 |  |  | 2,149 |  |  | 6,284 |  |  | 4,322 |  |  | 3,128 |  |  | 2,874 |  |  | 1,649 |  |  | 4,470 |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization | 316 |  |  | 6,452 |  |  | 5,693 |  |  | 2,039 |  |  | 2,850 |  |  | 5,360 |  |  | 3,387 |  |  | 4,165 |  |  | 2,019 |  |  | 5,027 |  |  | 37,308 |
EBITDA | (19,311) |  |  | 14,126 |  |  | 13,473 |  |  | 2,402 |  |  | 22,493 |  |  | 10,402 |  |  | 683 |  |  | 10,834 |  |  | 7,018 |  |  | 9,900 |  |  | 72,020 |
Other (income) expense | (128) |  |  | (77) |  |  | 114 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (104) |  |  | (675) |  |  | 204 |  |  | (2) |  |  | (492) |  |  | (1,160) |
Noncontrolling shareholder compensation | — |  |  | 252 |  |  | 664 |  |  | 312 |  |  | 395 |  |  | (708) |  |  | 230 |  |  | 316 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 1,641 |
Integration services fee | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,187 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,187 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 432 |  |  | 432 |
Adjusted EBITDA (1) | $ | (19,439) |  |  | $ | 14,301 |  |  | $ | 14,251 |  |  | $ | 2,714 |  |  | $ | 22,888 |  |  | $ | 10,777 |  |  | $ | 238 |  |  | $ | 11,354 |  |  | $ | 7,025 |  |  | $ | 10,011 |  |  | $ | 74,120 |

(1) As a result of the sale of Marucci in November 2023, Adjusted EBITDA does not include $17.7 million that was previously included in the three months ended March 31, 2023.
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Reconciliation of Net income (loss) to Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EBITDA
The following table reconciles Adjusted Earnings to Net income (loss), which we consider the most comparable GAAP financial measure, and Adjusted Earnings to Adjusted EBITDA (in thousands):

|  |  | Three months ended March 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Net income |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,781 |  |  | $ | 109,601 |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of tax |  |  |  |  | 3,345 |  |  | 97,989 |
Net income from continuing operations |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,436 |  |  | $ | 1,612 |
Less: income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  | 7,429 |  |  | 4,171 |
Net loss attributable to Holdings - continuing operations |  |  |  |  | $ | (4,993) |  |  | $ | (2,559) |
Adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distributions paid - preferred shares |  |  |  |  | (6,045) |  |  | (6,045) |
Amortization expense - intangibles and inventory step-up |  |  |  |  | 29,114 |  |  | 25,148 |
Impairment expense |  |  |  |  | 8,182 |  |  | — |
Stock compensation |  |  |  |  | 4,330 |  |  | 1,641 |
Acquisition expenses |  |  |  |  | 3,479 |  |  | — |
Integration Services Fee |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 1,187 |
Other |  |  |  |  | 274 |  |  | 432 |
Adjusted Earnings |  |  |  |  | $ | 34,341 |  |  | $ | 19,804 |
Plus (less): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation expense |  |  |  |  | 10,892 |  |  | 11,155 |
Income tax provision |  |  |  |  | 8,686 |  |  | 6,920 |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  | 23,575 |  |  | 26,180 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs |  |  |  |  | 1,005 |  |  | 1,005 |
Income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  | 7,429 |  |  | 4,171 |
Distributions paid - preferred shares |  |  |  |  | 6,045 |  |  | 6,045 |
Other (income) expense |  |  |  |  | 2,874 |  |  | (1,160) |
Adjusted EBITDA |  |  |  |  | $ | 94,847 |  |  | $ | 74,120 |

Seasonality
Earnings of certain of our operating segments are seasonal in nature due to various recurring events, holidays and seasonal weather patterns, as well as the timing of our acquisitions during a given year. Historically, the third and fourth quarter have produced the highest net sales in our fiscal year, however, due to various acquisitions in the last three years, there is generally less seasonality in our net sales on a consolidated basis than there has been historically.
Related Party Transactions
Management Services Agreement
We entered into the MSA with CGM effective May 16, 2006. The MSA provides for, among other things, CGM to perform services for the LLC in exchange for a management fee paid quarterly and equal to 0.5% of the Company's adjusted net assets, as defined in the MSA. Our Chief Executive Officer is a partner of CGM.
During 2022, CGM entered into a waiver of the MSA for the period through June 30, 2023 to receive a 1% annual management fee related to PrimaLoft, rather than the 2% called for under the MSA, which resulted in a lower management fee at March 31, and June 30, 2023 than would normally have been due.
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For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred the following management fees to CGM, by entity:

| Three months ended March 31, |  |
(in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
5.11 | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  |  |  |
BOA | 250 |  | 250 |  |  |  |  |
Ergobaby | 125 |  | 125 |  |  |  |  |
Lugano | 188 |  | 188 |  |  |  |  |
PrimaLoft | 250 |  | 250 |  |  |  |  |
The Honey Pot Co. | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Velocity | 125 |  | 125 |  |  |  |  |
Altor | 188 |  | 188 |  |  |  |  |
Arnold Magnetics | 125 |  | 125 |  |  |  |  |
Sterno | 125 |  | 125 |  |  |  |  |
Corporate | 16,441 |  |  | 14,644 |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 18,067 |  |  | $ | 16,270 |  |  |  |  |

Integration Services Agreements
Integration services represent fees paid by newly acquired companies to the Manager for integration services performed during the first year of ownership. Under the Integration Services Agreement ("ISA"), CGM provides services for new platform acquisitions to, amongst other things, assist the management at the acquired entities in establishing a corporate governance program, implement compliance and reporting requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and align the acquired entity's policies and procedures with our other subsidiaries. Integration services fees are recorded as selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations.
The Honey Pot Co., which was acquired in January 2024, entered into an ISA with CGM whereby The Honey Pot Co. will pay CGM a total integration services fee of $3.5 million, payable quarterly over a twelve-month period beginning June 30, 2024.
PrimaLoft, which was acquired in July 2022, entered into an ISA with CGM whereby PrimaLoft paid CGM a total integration services fee of $4.8 million, payable quarterly over a twelve-month period ended June 30, 2023.
Allocation Interests
The Allocation Interests represent the original equity interest in the Company. The holders of the Allocation Interests (“Holders”), through Sostratus LLC, are entitled to receive distributions pursuant to a profit allocation formula upon the occurrence of certain events. The distributions of the profit allocation are paid upon the occurrence of the sale of a material amount of capital stock or assets of one of the Company’s businesses (“Sale Event”) or, at the option of the Holders, at each five year anniversary date of the acquisition of one of the Company’s businesses (“Holding Event”). The Company records distributions of the profit allocation to the Holders upon occurrence of a Sale Event or Holding Event as dividends declared on Allocation Interests to stockholders’ equity when they are approved by the Company’s board of directors.
The sale of Advanced Circuits in February 2023 represented a Sale Event and the Company's board of director's approved a distribution of $24.4 million in April 2023, subsequent to the end of the first quarter. In addition, the Company's board of directors approved a distribution of $2.1 million related to various sale proceeds received related to previous Sale Events. These distributions were paid to the Holders of the Allocation Interests in April 2023.
The sale of Marucci in November 2023 represented a Sale Event and the Company's board of director's approved a distribution of $48.9 million in the f irst quarter of 2024. This distribution was paid to the Holders of the Allocation
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Interests in February 2024.
5.11
Related Party Vendor Purchases - 5.11 purchases inventory from a vendor who is a related party to 5.11 through one of the executive officers of 5.11 via the executive's 40% ownership interest in the vendor. 5.11 purchased approximately $0.4 million and $0.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively in inventory from the vendor.
BOA
Recapitalization - In December 2023, the Company completed a recapitalization of BOA whereby the LLC entered into an amendment to the intercompany credit agreement with BOA (the "BOA Credit Agreement"). The BOA Credit Agreement was amended to provide for additional term loan borrowings of $165.9 million to fund a distribution to shareholders. The LLC received a distribution of $131.0 million related to their ownership of the outstanding shares of BOA on the date of the distribution. Noncontrolling shareholders received a distribution of $11.7 million, and the remaining amount of the recapitalization was used to repurchase shares owned by employees after the exercise of fully vested employee stock options, and to pay a bonus to employees who held phantom stock options and were not eligible to participate in the distribution to noncontrolling shareholders. BOA recorded compensation expense of $3.1 million related to the bonus paid to employees as part of the recapitalization.
Related Party Vendor Purchases - A contract manufacturer used by BOA as the primary supplier of molded injection parts is a noncontrolling shareholder of BOA. BOA purchased approxim ately $10.6 million and $9.7 million from this supplier during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, respectively.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no special purpose entities or off-balance sheet arrangements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions and judgments and uncertainties, and potentially could result in materially different results under different conditions. These critical accounting policies and estimates are reviewed periodically by our independent auditors and the audit committee of our board of directors.
Except as set forth below, our critical accounting estimates have not changed materially from those disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on February 28, 2024.
Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Asset Impairment Testing
Goodwill represents the excess amount of the purchase price over the fair value of the assets acquired. Our goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis as of March 31 st, and if current events or circumstances require, on an interim basis. Goodwill is allocated to various reporting units, which are generally an operating segment. Each of our subsidiary businesses represents a reporting unit.
We use a qualitative approach to test goodwill for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the goodwill impairment testing. The qualitative factors we consider include, in part, the general macroeconomic environment, industry and market specific conditions for each reporting unit, financial performance including actual versus planned results and results of relevant prior periods, operating costs and cost impacts, as well as issues or events specific to the reporting unit. If qualitative factors are not sufficient to determine that the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not to exceed its carrying value, we will perform a quantitative test of the reporting unit whereby we estimate the fair value of the reporting unit using an income approach or market approach, or a weighting of the two methods. Under the income approach, we estimate the fair value of our reporting unit based on the present value of future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimate of revenue growth rates and operating margins and take into consideration industry and market conditions as well as company specific economic factors. The discount rate used is based on the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with the business and the uncertainty
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associated with the reporting unit's ability to execute on the projected cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable public companies with operating characteristics that are similar to the reporting unit. When market comparables are not meaningful or available, we estimate the fair value of the reporting unit using only the income approach. The valuation approaches are subject to key judgments and assumptions that are sensitive to change such as judgments and assumptions about appropriate sales growth rates, operating margins, weighted average cost of capital, and comparable company market multiples. When developing these key judgments and assumptions, we consider economic, operational and market conditions that could impact the fair value of the reporting unit. Estimates are inherently uncertain and represent only management’s reasonable expectations regarding future developments. These estimates and the judgments and assumptions upon which the estimates are based will most likely differ from actual future results.
2024 Annual Impairment Testing
For our annual impairment testing at March 31, 2024, we performed a qualitative assessment of our reporting units. The results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it was more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each of our reporting units except Velocity exceeded their carrying value. Based on our analysis, we determined that the Velocity operating segment required quantitative testing because we could not conclude that the fair value of this reporting unit significantly exceeded the carrying value based on qualitative factors alone. We performed a quantitative test of Velocity and the results of the testing indicated that the fair value of Velocity did not exceed the carrying value, resulting in goodwill impairment expense of $8.2 million as of March 31, 2024, which represented the remaining balance of goodwill at Velocity.
2023 Interim goodwill impairment testing
PrimaLoft - The Company performed an interim impairment test of goodwill at PrimaLoft as of December 31, 2023. As a result of operating results that were below forecast amounts that were used as the basis for the purchase price allocation performed when PrimaLoft was acquired as well as the failure of certain financial covenants in the intercompany credit agreement as of December 31, 2023, the Company determined that a triggering event had occurred. The Company performed the quantitative impairment test using both an income approach and a market approach. The prospective information used in the income approach considers macroeconomic data, industry and reporting unit specific facts and circumstances and is our best estimate of operational results and cash flows for the PrimaLoft reporting unit as of the date of our impairment testing. The discount rate used in the income approach was 11.3%. The results of the quantitative impairment testing indicated that the fair value of the PrimaLoft reporting unit did not exceed its carrying value, resulting in goodwill impairment expense of $57.8 million in the year ended December 31, 2023.
Velocity Outdoor - The Company performed interim quantitative impairment testing of goodwill at Velocity at August 31, 2023. As a result of operating results that were below the forecast that we used in the quantitative impairment test of Velocity Outdoor at March 31, 2023, the Company determined that a triggering event had occurred at Velocity in the third quarter of 2023 and performed an interim impairment test as of August 31, 2023. The Company used an income approach for the impairment test, whereby we estimate the fair value of the reporting unit based on the present value of future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on management's estimate of revenue growth rates and operating margins, and take into consideration industry and market conditions as well as company specific economic factors. The Company used a weighted average cost of capital of 17% in the income approach. The discount rate used was based on the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business specific characteristics and Velocity's ability to execute on projected cash flows. Based on the results of the impairment test, the fair value of Velocity did not exceed its carrying value. The Company recorded goodwill impairment of $31.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2023.
2023 Annual Impairment Testing
For our annual impairment testing at March 31, 2023, we performed a qualitative assessment of our reporting units. The results of the qualitative analysis indicated that it was more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each of our reporting units except Velocity exceeded their carrying value. Based on our analysis, we determined that the Velocity operating segment required quantitative testing because we could not conclude that the fair value of this reporting unit significantly exceeded the carrying value based on qualitative factors alone. We performed the quantitative test of Velocity using an income approach to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. In developing the prospective financial information used in the income approach, we considered recent market conditions, taking into consideration the uncertainty associated with the current economic environment. The prospective financial information considers reporting unit specific facts and circumstances and is our best estimate of operational results
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and cash flows for the Velocity reporting unit as of the date of our impairment testing. The discount rate used in the income approach was 15.0%, and the results of the quantitative impairment testing indicated that the fair value of the Velocity reporting unit exceeded the carrying value by approximately 21%. The prospective financial information that is used to determine the fair values of the Velocity reporting unit requires us to make assumptions regarding future operational results including revenue growth rates and gross margins. If we do not achieve the forecasted revenue growth rates and gross margins, the results of the quantitative testing could change, potentially leading to additional testing and impairment at the reporting unit that was tested quantitatively.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
We use a qualitative approach to test indefinite lived intangible assets for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform quantitative impairment testing. Our indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trade names with a carrying value of approximately $57.0 million. The results of the qualitative analysis of our reporting unit's indefinite-lived intangible assets, which we completed as of March 31, 2024, indicated that the fair value of the indefinite lived intangible assets exceeded their carrying value.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note A - "Presentation and Principles of Consolidation" of the condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes to our market risk since December 31, 2023. For a further discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to the section entitled "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" that was disclosed in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on February 28, 2024.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As required by Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") Rule 13a-15(b), the Trust's Regular Trustees and the LLC’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the LLC, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Trust's and the LLC’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)), as of March 31, 2024. Based on that evaluation, the Trust's Regular Trustees and the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the LLC concluded that the Trust's and the LLC’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2024.
There have been no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) during our most recently completed fiscal quarter, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
There have been no material changes to those legal proceedings associated with the Company’s business together with legal proceedings for the businesses discussed in the section entitled "Legal Proceedings" that was disclosed in Part I, Item 3 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the SEC on February 28, 2024.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
The risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 should be considered together with information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 and should not be considered the only risks to which we are exposed. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial also may impair our business, including our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition. We believe there have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit Number |  | Description
3.1 |  | Third Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.2 |  | Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.3 |  | First Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Form 8-K filed on February 14, 2022 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.4 |  | Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series A Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927))
3.5 |  | Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC Trust Interest Designation of Series A Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on June 28, 2017 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.6 |  | Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series B Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.7 |  | Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series B Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on March 13, 2018 (File No. 001-34927)),
3.8 |  | Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series C Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.9 |  | Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series C Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2019 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.10 |  | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series A Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.11 |  | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series B Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.12 |  | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series C Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024(File No. 001-34926)).
3.13 |  | First Amendment to Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series A Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.14 |  | First Amendment to Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series B Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.15 |  | First Amendment to Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series C Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
31.1* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant
31.2* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant

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32.1*+ |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*+ |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
99.1 |  | Merger and Stock Purchase Agreement, dated January 14, 2024, by and among The Honey Pot Company Holdings, LLC, VMG Honey Pot Blocker, Inc., NVB1, Inc., VMG Tax-Exempt IV, L.P., New Voices Fund, LP, THP Intermediate, Inc., THP Merger Sub, LLC, the Sellers’ Representative and certain other equity holders of THP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Form 8-K filed on January 16, 2024).
101.INS* |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  | Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

* | Filed herewith.
+ | In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 1, 2024 | COMPASS DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS
| By: |  | /s/ Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Regular Trustee

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: May 1, 2024 | COMPASS GROUP DIVERSIFIED HOLDINGS LLC
| By: |  | /s/ Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Ryan J. Faulkingham
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number |  | Description
3.1 |  | Third Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.2 |  | Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.3 |  | First Amendment to the Sixth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Form 8-K filed on February 14, 2022 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.4 |  | Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series A Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927))
3.5 |  | Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC Trust Interest Designation of Series A Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on June 28, 2017 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.6 |  | Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series B Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.7 |  | Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series B Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on March 13, 2018 (File No. 001-34927)),
3.8 |  | Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series C Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of the Form 8-K filed on August 4, 2021 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.9 |  | Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series C Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2019 (File No. 001-34927)).
3.10 |  | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series A Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.11 |  | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series B Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.12 |  | First Amendment to Amended and Restated Share Designation of Compass Diversified Holdings with respect to Series C Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024(File No. 001-34926)).
3.13 |  | First Amendment to Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series A Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.14 |  | First Amendment to Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series B Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
3.15 |  | First Amendment to Trust Interest Designation of Compass Group Diversified Holdings LLC with respect to Series C Trust Preferred Interests (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of the Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2024 (File No. 001-34926)).
31.1* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant
31.2* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant
32.1*+ |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

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32.2*+ |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Registrant pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
99.1 |  | Merger and Stock Purchase Agreement, dated January 14, 2024, by and among The Honey Pot Company Holdings, LLC, VMG Honey Pot Blocker, Inc., NVB1, Inc., VMG Tax-Exempt IV, L.P., New Voices Fund, LP, THP Intermediate, Inc., THP Merger Sub, LLC, the Sellers’ Representative and certain other equity holders of THP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of the Form 8-K filed on January 16, 2024).
101.INS* |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE* |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  | Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

* | Filed herewith.
+ | In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

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