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CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES AND DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS | 6 Months Ended
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May 31, 2018
CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES AND DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS [Text Block] |
9. | CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES AND DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS
| a) | Unsecured Convertible Debentures
On August 6, 2014, the Company issued CAD $1,549,000 ($1,398,342) face value 12% convertible debentures with a term to August 6, 2017 (the “Maturity Date”). On December 7, 2016, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement to sell $1,500,000 of 10% senior secured convertible debentures, convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, in a private placement. The sale of the secured notes was closed on December 7, 2016. A condition to the sale of the secured notes was the exchange of at least 80% in principal amount of the Company’s outstanding 12% Unsecured Debentures, which mature on August 6, 2017 (the “Unsecured Debentures”) for an equal principal amount of Subordinate Secured Debentures. Concurrent with the sale of the Secured Notes, CAD$1,363,000 ($1,015,026) of the Company’s outstanding Unsecured Debentures, which represented approximately 88% of the outstanding Unsecured Debentures, were exchanged for an equal principal amount of the Subordinate Secured Debentures. Unsecured convertible debentures
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Unsecured |
|  |  | Unsecured |  |  | Deferred |  |  | convertible |
|  |  | convertible |  |  | financing |  |  | debenture |
|  |  | debentures |  |  | costs |  |  | (Net) |
|  |  | $ |  |  | $ |  |  | $ |
| Balance as of November 30, 2016 |  | (1,153,540 | ) |  | 35,769 |  |  | (1,117,771 | )
| Exchanged for subordinate secured debentures |  | 1,015,026 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,015,026 |
| Amortization of deferred financing costs |  | - |  |  | (35,769 | ) |  | (35,769 | )
| Repayment of unsecured convertible debentures |  | 66,640 |  |  | - |  |  | 66,640 |
| Conversion of unsecured convertible debentures to equity |  | 39,159 |  |  | - |  |  | 39,159 |
| Foreign currency translation |  | (7,642 | ) |  | - |  |  | (7,642 | )
| Balance as of November 30, 2017 |  | (40,357 | ) |  | - |  |  | (40,357 | )
| Repayment of unsecured convertible debentures |  | 40,357 |  |  | - |  |  | 40,357 |
| Balance as of May 31, 2018 |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
On August 6, 2017, the Company repaid CAD $84,000 ($66,640) of the convertible debentures and the remaining convertible debenture holders for $40,357 executed agreements for forbearance of their debt with a new repayment date of February 16, 2018. In February 2018, the Company repaid the convertible debt for $40,357 along with accrued interest. During the six- month period ended May 31, 2018, the Company recorded interest expense of $1,035.
| b) | Long-term Series B Secured Convertible Debentures $943,261
Series B secured convertible debentures The CAD$1,363,000 ($1,015,026) of Series B Secured Convertible Debentures (Subordinate Secured Debentures) were issued pursuant to the Trust Indenture agreement dated December 7, 2016 (the “Indenture”) in exchange for the Unsecured Debentures in equal principal amount and an additional CAD$36,000 ($26,809) of Series B Secured Convertible Debentures were issued pursuant to the Indenture in payment of accrued interest. These debentures mature on June 6, 2019 and bear interest at 12% per annum, payable semi-annually. The debentures are secured by all the assets of the Company. The principal amount, plus accrued interest, may be converted at the option of the holder at any time during the term to maturity into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $0.24 (CAD $0.31) per share subject to anti-dilution protection with a minimum conversion price of $0.13 (CAD $0.10) and for capital reorganization events. The debentures also embody certain traditional default provisions that are linked to credit or interest risks, such as bankruptcy proceedings, liquidation events and corporate existence. The Company has concluded that the embedded conversion option is not indexed to its stock because it did not pass all eight conditions of equity classification provided in ASC 815. Therefore, the embedded conversion option is subject to classification in the financial statements in liabilities at fair value both at inception and subsequently pursuant to ASC 480-10-25-14. The Company has evaluated the terms and conditions of the debentures under the guidance of ASC 815. Because the economic characteristics and risks of the equity-linked conversion options are not clearly and closely related to a debt-type host, the conversion features require classification and measurement as derivative financial instruments. The other embedded derivative features (down-round protection) were also not considered clearly and closely related to the host debt instruments. Further, these features individually were not afforded the exemption normally available to derivatives indexed to a company’s own stock. Accordingly, the evaluation resulted in the conclusion that this compound derivative financial instrument requires bifurcation and liability classification, at fair value. The compound derivative financial instrument consists of (i) the embedded conversion features and the (ii) down-round protection features. Current standards contemplate that the classification of financial instruments requires evaluation at each report date. The following table reflects the allocation of the purchase on December 7, 2016:
| Secured Convertible Notes |  | Face Value |
| (CAD $1,399,000) | $ | 1,041,835 |
| Proceeds |  | 1,041,835 |
| Compound embedded derivative |  | (285,612 | )
| Carrying value | $ | 756,223 |
The carrying value of these debentures at May 31, 2018 is CAD $1,223,108 ($943,261) and at November 30, 2017 was CAD $1,149,563 ($892,176). Discounts (premiums) on the convertible notes arise from (i) the allocation of basis to other instruments issued in the transaction, (ii) fees paid directly to the creditor and (iii) initial recognition at fair value, which is lower than face value. Discounts (premiums) are amortized through charges (credits) to interest expense over the term of the debt agreement. Amortization of debt discounts (premiums) amounted to CAD $73,545 ($58,111) during the six- month period ended May 31, 2018 (May 31, 2017 – CAD $207,166 ($155,271)). During the six- month period ended May 31, 2018, the Company recorded interest expense $66,144 (May 31, 2017 - $71,918). Derivative Liabilities The carrying value of the Compound Embedded Derivative Liability is reflected on the balance sheet, with changes in the carrying value being recorded as change in fair value of derivative liabilities on the statement of operations. The components of the compound embedded derivative as of November 30, 2017 are:
|  |  | Indexed |  |  |  |
| Financings giving rise to derivative financial instruments |  | Shares |  |  | Fair Value |
| Series B Convertible Secured Debentures December 7, 2016 |  | 8,044,853 |  | $ | 539,860 |
|  |  | 8,044,853 |  | $ | 539,860 |
The components of the compound embedded derivative as of May 31, 2018 are:
|  |  | Indexed |  |  |  |
| Financings giving rise to derivative financial instruments |  | Shares |  |  | Fair Value |
| Series B Convertible Secured Debentures December 7, 2016 |  | 8,044,853 |  | $ | 596,635 |
|  |  | 8,044,853 |  | $ | 596,635 |
The following table summarizes the effects on the gain (loss) associated with changes in the fair values of the derivative financial instruments by type of financing for the year ended November 30, 2017 and six- month period ended May 31, 2018:
| Financings giving rise to derivative financial instruments and the income effects: |  |  |
| Compound embedded derivatives: |  |  |
| Series B Convertible Secured Debentures |  |  |
| December 7, 2016 | $ | (285,612 | )
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |  | (239,802 | )
| Foreign currency translation loss |  | (14,446 | )
| Balance as of November 30, 2017 | $ | (539,860 | )
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |  | (61,349 | )
| Foreign currency translation gain |  | 4,574 |
| Balance as of May 31, 2018 | $ | (596,635 | )
Fair Value Considerations GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. As presented in the tables below, this hierarchy consists of three broad levels:
| Level 1 valuations : | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
| Level 2 valuations : | Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and model- derived valuations whose inputs or significant value drivers are observable.
| Level 3 valuations : | Significant inputs to valuation model are unobservable.
The Company follows the provisions of ASC 820 with respect to the financial instruments. As required by ASC 820, assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to their fair value measurement. Our derivative financial instruments which are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis under of ASC 815 as of May 31, 2018 are all measured at estimated fair value using Level 2 and 3 inputs. The features embedded in the debentures were combined into one compound embedded derivative that were fair valued using the income valuation technique using the Lattice valuation model. The following table sets forth the inputs for each significant assumption:
|  |  | May 31, 2018 |  |  | November 30, 2017 |  |  | December 7, 2016 |
| Derivative financial instruments | $ | 596,635 |  | $ | 539,860 |  | $ | 285,612 |
| Conversion price | $ | 0.13 |  | $ | 0.13 |  | $ | 0.24 |
| Volatility |  | 67% |  |  | 106% |  |  | 82% |
| Remaining term (years) |  | 1.02 |  |  | 1.52 |  |  | 2.50 |
| Risk free rate |  | 2.50% |  |  | 1.78% |  |  | 1.10% |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 470 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564 + Details
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