EX-99.1 2 a20223qearningsreleaseform.htm EXHIBIT 99.1
Exhibit 99.1
KELLY REPORTS
THIRD-QUARTER 2022 EARNINGS
•Q3 revenue down 2.3%; up 0.3% in constant currency
•Q3 operating loss of $21.4 million and loss per share of $0.43 down from a year ago on a non-cash goodwill impairment charge
•Adjusted operating earnings of $9.5 million; up 7% from a year ago or up 21% in constant currency
•Kelly’s Board of Directors approves a $50 million share repurchase plan
TROY, Mich. (November 10, 2022) – Kelly (Nasdaq: KELYA, KELYB), a leading specialty talent solutions provider, today announced results for the third quarter of 2022.
Peter Quigley, president and chief executive officer, announced revenue for the third quarter of 2022 totaled $1.2 billion, a 2.3% decrease, or 0.3% increase in constant currency, compared to the corresponding quarter of 2021. Year-over-year revenue trends were impacted by foreign currency headwinds and the impact of the sale of our Russian operations in July 2022. Year-over-year results in the quarter also reflect the impact of the recent acquisitions of RocketPower, a recruitment process outsourcing firm, and Pediatric Therapeutic Services, a specialty firm providing in-school therapy services.
Kelly reported a loss from operations in the third quarter of 2022 of $21.4 million, compared to earnings of $9.0 million reported in the third quarter of 2021. The loss in the third quarter of 2022 resulted from a $30.7 million goodwill impairment charge related to RocketPower. The charge reflects the impact of increasing economic uncertainty including the sharp decline in hiring in the high-tech industry in which RocketPower specializes, as well as slowing growth in the near-term demand for recruitment process outsourcing more broadly. Excluding the impairment charge, adjusted earnings from operations were $9.5 million compared to $8.9 million in the third quarter of 2021. Earnings improved primarily as a result of structural improvements in the business mix which resulted in higher gross profit.
Loss per share in the third quarter of 2022 was $0.43 compared to earnings per share of $0.87 in the third quarter of 2021. Included in the loss per share in the third quarter of 2022 is a $0.67 per share goodwill impairment charge, net of tax, related to RocketPower, and a $0.01 loss per share, net of tax, related to the completion of the sale of our Russian operations. Included in the third quarter of 2021 earnings per share is a $0.62 gain, net of tax, related to non-cash gains, net of tax, on Persol Holding common shares. On an adjusted basis, earnings per share were $0.25 in the third quarter of 2022, consistent with $0.25 in the corresponding quarter of 2021.
“Kelly’s third-quarter performance demonstrates that our more profitable solutions are in demand and our specialty growth strategy is delivering a higher-margin, higher-value business mix even in the face of heightened uncertainty, rising interest rates, and inflationary pressures,” said Quigley. “We saw solid revenue growth in our SET and Education specialties, and all five operating segments delivered GP rate growth in the quarter. While challenges precipitated the RocketPower goodwill impairment, we remain confident that with diversification and integration this acquisition will bring strategic long-term value to our business. Finally, our planned buyback of Kelly Class A common shares highlights our flexible and balanced capital allocation strategy to maximize the return on capital and complements our organic and inorganic specialty growth strategy."
Kelly also reported that on November 9, its board of directors declared a dividend of $0.075 per share. The dividend is payable on December 7, 2022 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on November 23, 2022.
In conjunction with its third-quarter earnings release, Kelly has published a financial presentation on the Investor Relations page of its public website and will host a conference call at 9 a.m. ET on November 10 to review the results and answer questions. The call may be accessed in one of the following ways:
1

Via the Internet:
Kellyservices.com
Via the Telephone
(877) 692-8955 (toll free) or (234) 720-6979 (caller paid)
Enter access code 5728672
After the prompt, please enter “#”
A recording of the conference call will be available after 2:30 p.m. ET on November 10, 2022, at (866) 207-1041 (toll-free) and (402) 970-0847 (caller-paid). The access code is 8237932#. The recording will also be available at kellyservices.com during this period.
This release contains statements that are forward looking in nature and, accordingly, are subject to risks and uncertainties. These factors include, but are not limited to, changing market and economic conditions, the impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, competitive market pressures including pricing and technology introductions and disruptions, disruption in the labor market and weakened demand for human capital resulting from technological advances, competition law risks, the impact of changes in laws and regulations (including federal, state and international tax laws), unexpected changes in claim trends on workers’ compensation, unemployment, disability and medical benefit plans, or the risk of additional tax liabilities in excess of our estimates, our ability to achieve our business strategy, our ability to successfully develop new service offerings, material changes in demand from or loss of large corporate customers as well as changes in their buying practices, risks particular to doing business with government or government contractors, the risk of damage to our brand, our exposure to risks associated with services outside traditional staffing, including business process outsourcing, services of licensed professionals and services connecting talent to independent work, our increasing dependency on third parties for the execution of critical functions, our ability to effectively implement and manage our information technology strategy, the risks associated with past and future acquisitions, including risk of related impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, risks associated with conducting business in foreign countries, including foreign currency fluctuations, risks associated with violations of anti-corruption, trade protection and other laws and regulations, availability of qualified full-time employees, availability of temporary workers with appropriate skills required by customers, liabilities for employment-related claims and losses, including class action lawsuits and collective actions, our ability to sustain critical business applications through our key data centers, risks arising from failure to preserve the privacy of information entrusted to us or to meet our obligations under global privacy laws, the risk of cyberattacks or other breaches of network or information technology security, our ability to realize value from our tax credit and net operating loss carryforwards, our ability to maintain specified financial covenants in our bank facilities to continue to access credit markets, and other risks, uncertainties and factors discussed in this release and in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Actual results may differ materially from any forward-looking statements contained herein, and we undertake no duty to update any forward-looking statement to conform the statement to actual results or changes in the Company’s expectations.
About Kelly®
Kelly Services, Inc. (Nasdaq: KELYA, KELYB) connects talented people to companies in need of their skills in areas including Science, Engineering, Education, Office, Contact Center, Light Industrial, and more. We’re always thinking about what’s next in the evolving world of work, and we help people ditch the script on old ways of thinking and embrace the value of all workstyles in the workplace. We directly employ more than 350,000 people around the world, and we connect thousands more with work through our global network of talent suppliers and partners in our outsourcing and consulting practice. Revenue in 2021 was $4.9 billion. Visit kellyservices.com and let us help with what’s next for you.
KLYA-FIN
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MEDIA CONTACT: |  |  | ANALYST CONTACT:
Jane Stehney |  |  | James Polehna
(248) 765-6864 |  |  | (248) 244-4586
stehnja@kellyservices.com |  |  | james.polehna@kellyservices.com

2

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
FOR THE 13 WEEKS ENDED OCTOBER 2, 2022 AND OCTOBER 3, 2021
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars except per share data)
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % |  | CC % |
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | Change |
Revenue from services | $ | 1,167.9 |  | $ | 1,195.4 |  | $ | (27.5) |  |  | (2.3) |  | % | 0.3 |  | %
Cost of services |  | 927.3 |  |  | 966.5 |  |  | (39.2) |  |  | (4.0) |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | 240.6 |  |  | 228.9 |  |  | 11.7 |  |  | 5.1 |  |  | 7.6 |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses |  | 231.1 |  |  | 219.9 |  |  | 11.2 |  |  | 5.1 |  |  | 7.1 |  |
Goodwill impairment charge |  | 30.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 30.7 |  |  | NM |  |  |
Loss on disposal |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | NM |  |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | (21.4) |  |  | 9.0 |  |  | (30.4) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Gain on investment in Persol Holdings |  | — |  |  | 35.5 |  |  | (35.5) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Other income (expense), net |  | 0.2 |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 156.6 |  |  |  |
Earnings (loss) before taxes and equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate |  | (21.2) |  |  | 44.2 |  |  | (65.4) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) |  | (5.0) |  |  | 11.1 |  |  | (16.1) |  |  | (144.6) |  |  |  |
Net earnings (loss) before equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate |  | (16.2) |  |  | 33.1 |  |  | (49.3) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate |  | — |  |  | 1.7 |  |  | (1.7) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Net earnings (loss) | $ | (16.2) |  | $ | 34.8 |  | $ | (51.0) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | (0.43) |  | $ | 0.87 |  | $ | (1.30) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | (0.43) |  | $ | 0.87 |  | $ | (1.30) |  |  | NM |  |  |
STATISTICS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Permanent placement revenue (included in revenue from services) | $ | 19.8 |  | $ | 19.7 |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | 0.7 |  | % | 4.4 |  | %
Gross profit rate |  | 20.6 |  | % | 19.2 |  | % | 1.4 |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Conversion rate |  | (8.9) |  | % | 3.9 |  | % | (12.8) |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 19.1 |  | $ | 17.3 |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA margin |  | 1.6 |  | % | 1.4 |  | % | 0.2 |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Effective income tax rate |  | 23.4 |  | % | 25.2 |  | % | (1.8) |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Average number of shares outstanding (millions): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 37.9 |  |  | 39.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Diluted |  | 37.9 |  |  | 39.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

3

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
FOR THE 39 WEEKS ENDED OCTOBER 2, 2022 AND OCTOBER 3, 2021
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars except per share data)
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % |  | CC % |
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |  | Change |
Revenue from services | $ | 3,731.6 |  | $ | 3,659.4 |  | $ | 72.2 |  |  | 2.0 |  | % | 4.0 |  | %
Cost of services |  | 2,970.0 |  |  | 2,986.2 |  |  | (16.2) |  |  | (0.5) |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  | 761.6 |  |  | 673.2 |  |  | 88.4 |  |  | 13.1 |  |  | 15.1 |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses |  | 707.3 |  |  | 639.9 |  |  | 67.4 |  |  | 10.5 |  |  | 12.2 |  |
Goodwill impairment charge |  | 30.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 30.7 |  |  | NM |  |  |
Loss on disposal |  | 18.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 18.7 |  |  | NM |  |  |
Gain on sale of assets |  | (5.3) |  |  | — |  |  | (5.3) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Earnings from operations |  | 10.2 |  |  | 33.3 |  |  | (23.1) |  |  | (69.4) |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on investment in Persol Holdings |  | (67.2) |  |  | 71.8 |  |  | (139.0) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Loss on currency translation from liquidation of subsidiary(1) |  | (20.4) |  |  | — |  |  | (20.4) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Other income (expense), net |  | 1.9 |  |  | (4.0) |  |  | 5.9 |  |  | 148.0 |  |  |  |
Earnings (loss) before taxes and equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate |  | (75.5) |  |  | 101.1 |  |  | (176.6) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) |  | (13.1) |  |  | 19.0 |  |  | (32.1) |  |  | (169.1) |  |  |  |
Net earnings (loss) before equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate |  | (62.4) |  |  | 82.1 |  |  | (144.5) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliate |  | 0.8 |  |  | 2.3 |  |  | (1.5) |  |  | (66.8) |  |  |  |
Net earnings (loss) | $ | (61.6) |  | $ | 84.4 |  | $ | (146.0) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | (1.62) |  | $ | 2.12 |  | $ | (3.74) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | (1.62) |  | $ | 2.12 |  | $ | (3.74) |  |  | NM |  |  |
STATISTICS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Permanent placement revenue (included in revenue from services) | $ | 71.2 |  | $ | 54.3 |  | $ | 16.9 |  |  | 31.2 |  | % | 34.4 |  | %
Gross profit rate |  | 20.4 |  | % | 18.4 |  | % | 2.0 |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Conversion rate |  | 1.3 |  | % | 4.9 |  | % | (3.6) |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 81.5 |  | $ | 56.4 |  | $ | 25.1 |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA margin |  | 2.2 |  | % | 1.5 |  | % | 0.7 |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Effective income tax rate |  | 17.4 |  | % | 18.8 |  | % | (1.4) |  | pts. |  |  |  |
Average number of shares outstanding (millions): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 38.2 |  |  | 39.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Diluted |  | 38.2 |  |  | 39.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) Subsequent to the sale of the Persol Holdings investment, the Company commenced the dissolution process of the Kelly Services Japan subsidiary, which was considered substantially liquidated as of the first quarter-end 2022, resulting in the recognition of the $20.4 million loss on currency translation from liquidation of this subsidiary in the first quarter of 2022.
4

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY SEGMENT
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
|  | Third Quarter
|  |  |  |  |  |  | % |  | CC % |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |
Professional & Industrial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 408.6 |  |  | $ | 452.6 |  |  | (9.7) |  | % | (9.4) |  | %
Gross profit |  | 70.3 |  |  |  | 76.6 |  |  | (8.3) |  |  | (8.0) |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 65.3 |  |  |  | 69.4 |  |  | (6.0) |  |  | (5.8) |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | 5.0 |  |  |  | 7.2 |  |  | (30.7) |  |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 17.2 |  | % |  | 16.9 |  | % | 0.3 |  | pts. |  |
Science, Engineering & Technology |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 321.3 |  |  | $ | 306.2 |  |  | 5.0 |  | % | 5.2 |  | %
Gross profit |  | 76.3 |  |  |  | 68.1 |  |  | 11.9 |  |  | 12.3 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 53.4 |  |  |  | 48.4 |  |  | 10.2 |  |  | 10.4 |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | 22.9 |  |  |  | 19.7 |  |  | 16.2 |  |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 23.7 |  | % |  | 22.3 |  | % | 1.4 |  | pts. |  |
Education |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 104.3 |  |  | $ | 66.6 |  |  | 56.6 |  | % | 56.6 |  | %
Gross profit |  | 16.6 |  |  |  | 10.0 |  |  | 65.4 |  |  | 65.4 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 21.4 |  |  |  | 17.0 |  |  | 25.6 |  |  | 25.6 |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | (4.8) |  |  |  | (7.0) |  |  | 31.8 |  |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 15.9 |  | % |  | 15.1 |  | % | 0.8 |  | pts. |  |
Outsourcing & Consulting |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 118.5 |  |  | $ | 113.4 |  |  | 4.5 |  | % | 5.9 |  | %
Gross profit |  | 44.1 |  |  |  | 37.3 |  |  | 18.6 |  |  | 21.2 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 37.7 |  |  |  | 30.7 |  |  | 23.4 |  |  | 25.6 |  |
Goodwill impairment charge |  | 30.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  | NM |  |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | (24.3) |  |  |  | 6.6 |  |  | NM |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 37.2 |  | % |  | 32.8 |  | % | 4.4 |  | pts. |  |
International |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 215.5 |  |  | $ | 256.8 |  |  | (16.1) |  | % | (5.4) |  | %
Gross profit |  | 33.3 |  |  |  | 36.9 |  |  | (9.6) |  |  | 2.0 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 31.4 |  |  |  | 34.5 |  |  | (9.1) |  |  | 1.5 |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | 2.4 |  |  | (16.9) |  |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 15.5 |  | % |  | 14.4 |  | % | 1.1 |  | pts. |  |

5

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS BY SEGMENT
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
|  | September Year to Date
|  |  |  |  |  |  | % |  | CC % |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |
Professional & Industrial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 1,268.7 |  |  | $ | 1,386.7 |  |  | (8.5) |  | % | (8.3) |  | %
Gross profit |  | 231.2 |  |  |  | 227.7 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 1.7 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 204.1 |  |  |  | 207.8 |  |  | (1.8) |  |  | (1.7) |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | 27.1 |  |  |  | 19.9 |  |  | 36.1 |  |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 18.2 |  | % |  | 16.4 |  | % | 1.8 |  | pts. |  |
Science, Engineering & Technology |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 962.7 |  |  | $ | 859.1 |  |  | 12.1 |  | % | 12.3 |  | %
Gross profit |  | 225.3 |  |  |  | 187.8 |  |  | 19.9 |  |  | 20.2 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 161.4 |  |  |  | 131.0 |  |  | 23.2 |  |  | 23.3 |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | 63.9 |  |  |  | 56.8 |  |  | 12.5 |  |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 23.4 |  | % |  | 21.9 |  | % | 1.5 |  | pts. |  |
Education |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 433.2 |  |  | $ | 284.1 |  |  | 52.5 |  | % | 52.5 |  | %
Gross profit |  | 69.2 |  |  |  | 44.0 |  |  | 57.3 |  |  | 57.3 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 60.4 |  |  |  | 46.5 |  |  | 29.9 |  |  | 29.9 |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | 8.8 |  |  |  | (2.5) |  |  | NM |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 16.0 |  | % |  | 15.5 |  | % | 0.5 |  | pts. |  |
Outsourcing & Consulting |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 352.0 |  |  | $ | 320.0 |  |  | 10.0 |  | % | 11.2 |  | %
Gross profit |  | 127.6 |  |  |  | 103.4 |  |  | 23.5 |  |  | 25.7 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 111.8 |  |  |  | 89.2 |  |  | 25.6 |  |  | 27.3 |  |
Goodwill impairment charge |  | 30.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  | NM |  |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | (14.9) |  |  |  | 14.2 |  |  | NM |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 36.3 |  | % |  | 32.3 |  | % | 4.0 |  | pts. |  |
International |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from services | $ | 715.9 |  |  | $ | 810.1 |  |  | (11.6) |  | % | (3.5) |  | %
Gross profit |  | 108.3 |  |  |  | 110.3 |  |  | (1.8) |  |  | 7.4 |  |
Total SG&A expenses |  | 99.2 |  |  |  | 102.2 |  |  | (3.0) |  |  | 5.4 |  |
Earnings (loss) from operations |  | 9.1 |  |  |  | 8.1 |  |  | 13.4 |  |  |  |
Gross profit rate |  | 15.1 |  | % |  | 13.6 |  | % | 1.5 |  | pts. |  |

6

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
|  | October 2, 2022 |  | January 2, 2022 |  | October 3, 2021 |
Current Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 122.4 |  | $ | 112.7 |  | $ | 43.5 |  |
Trade accounts receivable, less allowances of |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$12.1, $12.6, and $12.3, respectively |  | 1,519.9 |  |  | 1,423.2 |  |  | 1,423.9 |  |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 83.1 |  |  | 52.8 |  |  | 71.0 |  |
Assets held for sale |  | 4.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |
Total current assets |  | 1,730.1 |  |  | 1,588.7 |  |  | 1,538.4 |  |
Noncurrent Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property and equipment, net |  | 24.9 |  |  | 35.3 |  |  | 36.1 |  |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | 67.3 |  |  | 75.8 |  |  | 79.3 |  |
Deferred taxes |  | 300.7 |  |  | 302.8 |  |  | 304.0 |  |
Goodwill, net |  | 161.4 |  |  | 114.8 |  |  | 114.8 |  |
Investment in Persol Holdings |  | — |  |  | 264.3 |  |  | 222.6 |  |
Investment in equity affiliate |  | — |  |  | 123.4 |  |  | 122.0 |  |
Other assets |  | 397.5 |  |  | 389.1 |  |  | 386.3 |  |
Total noncurrent assets |  | 951.8 |  |  | 1,305.5 |  |  | 1,265.1 |  |
Total Assets | $ | 2,681.9 |  | $ | 2,894.2 |  | $ | 2,803.5 |  |
Current Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term borrowings | $ | 0.1 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  | 735.2 |  |  | 687.2 |  |  | 645.2 |  |
Operating lease liabilities |  | 14.4 |  |  | 17.5 |  |  | 18.4 |  |
Accrued payroll and related taxes |  | 321.4 |  |  | 318.4 |  |  | 334.9 |  |
Accrued workers' compensation and other claims |  | 24.4 |  |  | 20.8 |  |  | 21.1 |  |
Income and other taxes |  | 47.5 |  |  | 51.3 |  |  | 58.4 |  |
Total current liabilities |  | 1,143.0 |  |  | 1,095.2 |  |  | 1,078.0 |  |
Noncurrent Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease liabilities |  | 55.6 |  |  | 61.4 |  |  | 64.1 |  |
Accrued payroll and related taxes |  | — |  |  | 57.6 |  |  | 58.2 |  |
Accrued workers' compensation and other claims |  | 43.4 |  |  | 37.0 |  |  | 39.1 |  |
Accrued retirement benefits |  | 172.7 |  |  | 220.0 |  |  | 213.5 |  |
Other long-term liabilities |  | 14.5 |  |  | 86.8 |  |  | 76.5 |  |
Total noncurrent liabilities |  | 286.2 |  |  | 462.8 |  |  | 451.4 |  |
Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock |  | 38.5 |  |  | 40.1 |  |  | 40.1 |  |
Treasury stock |  | (12.4) |  |  | (15.1) |  |  | (15.2) |  |
Paid-in capital |  | 26.6 |  |  | 23.9 |  |  | 23.2 |  |
Earnings invested in the business |  | 1,220.1 |  |  | 1,315.0 |  |  | 1,245.3 |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (20.1) |  |  | (27.7) |  |  | (19.3) |  |
Total stockholders' equity |  | 1,252.7 |  |  | 1,336.2 |  |  | 1,274.1 |  |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | $ | 2,681.9 |  | $ | 2,894.2 |  | $ | 2,803.5 |  |
STATISTICS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Working Capital | $ | 587.1 |  | $ | 493.5 |  | $ | 460.4 |  |
Current Ratio |  | 1.5 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 1.4 |  |
Debt-to-capital % |  | 0.0 |  | % | 0.0 |  | % | 0.0 |  | %
Global Days Sales Outstanding |  | 64 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 63 |  |
Year-to-Date Free Cash Flow | $ | (117.3) |  | $ | 73.8 |  | $ | 23.5 |  |

7

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE 39 WEEKS ENDED OCTOBER 2, 2022 AND OCTOBER 3, 2021
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |
Net earnings (loss) | $ | (61.6) |  | $ | 84.4 |
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash from operating activities: |  |  |  |
Goodwill impairment charge |  | 30.7 |  |  | — |
Deferred income taxes on goodwill impairment charge |  | (5.3) |  |  | — |
Loss on disposal |  | 18.7 |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 24.7 |  |  | 22.0 |
Operating lease asset amortization |  | 14.2 |  |  | 16.0 |
Provision for credit losses and sales allowances |  | 1.7 |  |  | 0.8 |
Stock-based compensation |  | 5.9 |  |  | 4.0 |
(Gain) loss on investment in Persol Holdings |  | 67.2 |  |  | (71.8) |
Loss on currency translation from liquidation of subsidiary |  | 20.4 |  |  | — |
Gain on foreign currency remeasurement |  | (5.5) |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of assets |  | (5.3) |  |  | — |
Equity in net (earnings) loss of PersolKelly Pte. Ltd. |  | (0.8) |  |  | (2.3) |
Other, net |  | 3.5 |  |  | 4.6 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions |  | (220.2) |  |  | (26.7) |
Net cash (used in) from operating activities |  | (111.7) |  |  | 31.0 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | (5.6) |  |  | (7.5) |
Proceeds from sale of assets |  | 4.5 |  |  | — |
Acquisition of companies, net of cash received |  | (143.1) |  |  | (213.0) |
Cash disposed from sale of Russia, net of proceeds |  | (6.0) |  |  | — |
Proceeds from company-owned life insurance |  | 1.5 |  |  | 10.4 |
Proceeds from sale of Persol Holdings investment |  | 196.9 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from sale of equity method investment |  | 119.5 |  |  | — |
Proceeds related to loans with equity affiliate |  | — |  |  | 5.8 |
Proceeds from equity securities |  | — |  |  | 5.0 |
Other investing activities |  | — |  |  | 0.9 |
Net cash from (used in) investing activities |  | 167.7 |  |  | (198.4) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |
Net change in short-term borrowings |  | 0.2 |  |  | (0.2) |
Financing lease payments |  | (1.2) |  |  | (1.3) |
Dividend payments |  | (7.7) |  |  | (2.0) |
Payments of tax withholding for stock awards |  | (0.9) |  |  | (0.6) |
Buyback of common shares |  | (27.2) |  |  | — |
Contingent consideration payments |  | (0.7) |  |  | (1.6) |
Other financing activities |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |
Net cash used in financing activities |  | (37.4) |  |  | (5.7) |
Effect of exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | (7.4) |  |  | (3.9) |
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | 11.2 |  |  | (177.0) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | 119.5 |  |  | 228.1 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 130.7 |  | $ | 51.1 |

8

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
REVENUE FROM SERVICES BY GEOGRAPHY
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
|  | Third Quarter |
|  |  |  |  |  | % |  | CC % |
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |
Americas |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 861.0 |  | $ | 851.7 |  |  | 1.1 |  | % | 1.1 |  | %
Canada |  | 43.3 |  |  | 43.3 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 3.8 |  |
Puerto Rico |  | 28.3 |  |  | 25.5 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  | 10.8 |  |
Mexico |  | 10.9 |  |  | 14.4 |  |  | (24.0) |  |  | (23.3) |  |
Total Americas Region |  | 943.5 |  |  | 934.9 |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | 1.1 |  |
Europe |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Switzerland |  | 55.2 |  |  | 54.5 |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 6.5 |  |
France |  | 45.8 |  |  | 56.3 |  |  | (18.7) |  |  | (4.8) |  |
Portugal |  | 41.9 |  |  | 36.6 |  |  | 14.2 |  |  | 33.8 |  |
Italy |  | 16.4 |  |  | 18.5 |  |  | (10.8) |  |  | 4.5 |  |
United Kingdom |  | 14.2 |  |  | 17.2 |  |  | (17.1) |  |  | (3.1) |  |
Russia |  | 5.0 |  |  | 33.0 |  |  | (85.0) |  |  | (87.9) |  |
Other |  | 35.6 |  |  | 33.7 |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | 25.3 |  |
Total Europe Region |  | 214.1 |  |  | 249.8 |  |  | (14.3) |  |  | (2.8) |  |
Total Asia-Pacific Region |  | 10.3 |  |  | 10.7 |  |  | (3.8) |  |  | 2.9 |  |
Total Kelly Services, Inc. | $ | 1,167.9 |  | $ | 1,195.4 |  |  | (2.3) |  | % | 0.3 |  | %

9

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
REVENUE FROM SERVICES BY GEOGRAPHY
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
|  | September Year to Date |
|  |  |  |  |  | % |  | CC % |
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change |  | Change |
Americas |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 2,746.5 |  | $ | 2,604.8 |  |  | 5.4 |  | % | 5.4 |  | %
Canada |  | 122.7 |  |  | 116.9 |  |  | 5.0 |  |  | 7.8 |  |
Puerto Rico |  | 84.8 |  |  | 76.6 |  |  | 10.7 |  |  | 10.7 |  |
Mexico |  | 32.4 |  |  | 82.1 |  |  | (60.5) |  |  | (60.3) |  |
Total Americas Region |  | 2,986.4 |  |  | 2,880.4 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 3.8 |  |
Europe |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Switzerland |  | 165.5 |  |  | 161.2 |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 7.2 |  |
France |  | 150.8 |  |  | 168.1 |  |  | (10.3) |  |  | 0.8 |  |
Portugal |  | 125.8 |  |  | 120.9 |  |  | 4.0 |  |  | 17.1 |  |
Russia |  | 63.4 |  |  | 99.3 |  |  | (36.2) |  |  | (35.5) |  |
Italy |  | 54.3 |  |  | 56.0 |  |  | (3.0) |  |  | 9.1 |  |
United Kingdom |  | 45.2 |  |  | 51.9 |  |  | (12.8) |  |  | (3.7) |  |
Other |  | 107.6 |  |  | 93.3 |  |  | 15.4 |  |  | 30.8 |  |
Total Europe Region |  | 712.6 |  |  | 750.7 |  |  | (5.1) |  |  | 4.0 |  |
Total Asia-Pacific Region |  | 32.6 |  |  | 28.3 |  |  | 15.2 |  |  | 22.0 |  |
Total Kelly Services, Inc. | $ | 3,731.6 |  | $ | 3,659.4 |  |  | 2.0 |  | % | 4.0 |  | %

10

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |  |
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES |  |
THIRD QUARTER |  |
(UNAUDITED) |  |
(In millions of dollars) |  |
| 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2021 |  |
SG&A Expenses: | As Reported |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Adjusted |  |
Professional & Industrial | $ | 65.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 69.4 |  |  |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 53.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 48.4 |  |  |
Education | 21.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17.0 |  |  |
Outsourcing & Consulting | 37.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30.7 |  |  |
International | 31.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 34.5 |  |  |
Corporate | 21.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20.0 |  |  |
Total Company | $ | 231.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 220.0 |  |  |

| 2022 |  | 2021 |  |
Earnings (loss) from Operations: | As Reported |  |  |  |  |  | Loss on disposal(4) |  | Goodwill impairment charge(5) |  |  |  | Adjusted |  | Adjusted |  |
Professional & Industrial | $ | 5.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 5.0 |  |  | $ | 7.2 |  |  |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 22.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 22.9 |  |  | 19.7 |  |  |
Education | (4.8) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (4.8) |  |  | (7.0) |  |  |
Outsourcing & Consulting | (24.3) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 30.7 |  |  |  |  | 6.4 |  |  | 6.6 |  |  |
International | 1.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | 2.4 |  |  |
Corporate | (21.9) |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (21.9) |  |  | (20.0) |  |  |
Loss on disposal | (0.2) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Total Company | $ | (21.4) |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 30.7 |  |  |  |  | $ | 9.5 |  |  | $ | 8.9 |  |  |

11

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
THIRD QUARTER
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
| 2021
SG&A Expenses: | As Reported |  |  |  |  |  | Restructuring(6) |  | Adjusted
Professional & Industrial | $ | 69.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 69.4 |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 48.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 48.4 |
Education | 17.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 17.0 |
Outsourcing & Consulting | 30.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 30.7 |
International | 34.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 34.5 |
Corporate | 19.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 20.0 |
Total Company | $ | 219.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 220.0 |

| 2021
Earnings (loss) from Operations: | As Reported |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Restructuring(6) |  |  |  | Adjusted
Professional & Industrial | $ | 7.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.2 |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 19.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 19.7 |
Education | (7.0) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (7.0) |
Outsourcing & Consulting | 6.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 6.6 |
International | 2.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 2.4 |
Corporate | (19.9) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.1) |  |  |  |  | (20.0) |
Total Company | $ | 9.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.1) |  |  |  |  | $ | 8.9 |

12

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
SEPTEMBER YEAR TO DATE
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
| 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2021
SG&A Expenses: | As Reported |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Adjusted
Professional & Industrial | $ | 204.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 207.8 |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 161.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 131.0 |
Education | 60.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 46.5 |
Outsourcing & Consulting | 111.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 89.2 |
International | 99.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 102.2 |
Corporate | 70.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 63.3 |
Intersegment | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Company | $ | 707.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 640.0 |

| 2022 |  | 2021
Earnings (loss) from Operations: | As Reported |  |  |  | Gain on sale of assets(3) |  | Loss on disposal(4) |  | Goodwill impairment charge(5) |  |  |  | Adjusted |  | Adjusted
Professional & Industrial | $ | 27.1 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 27.1 |  |  | $ | 19.9 |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 63.9 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 63.9 |  |  | 56.8 |
Education | 8.8 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 8.8 |  |  | (2.5) |
Outsourcing & Consulting | (14.9) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30.7 |  |  |  |  | 15.8 |  |  | 14.2 |
International | 9.1 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 9.1 |  |  | 8.1 |
Corporate | (70.4) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (70.4) |  |  | (63.3) |
Loss on disposal | (18.7) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 18.7 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of assets | 5.3 |  |  |  |  | (5.3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Company | $ | 10.2 |  |  |  |  | $ | (5.3) |  |  | $ | 18.7 |  |  | $ | 30.7 |  |  |  |  | $ | 54.3 |  |  | $ | 33.2 |

13

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
SEPTEMBER YEAR TO DATE
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
| 2021
SG&A Expenses: | As Reported |  |  |  | Restructuring(6) |  | Adjusted
Professional & Industrial | $ | 207.8 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 207.8 |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 131.0 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 131.0 |
Education | 46.5 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 46.5 |
Outsourcing & Consulting | 89.2 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 89.2 |
International | 102.2 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 102.2 |
Corporate | 63.2 |  |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 63.3 |
Total Company | $ | 639.9 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 640.0 |

| 2021
Earnings (loss) from Operations: | As Reported |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Restructuring(6) |  | Adjusted
Professional & Industrial | $ | 19.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19.9 |
Science, Engineering & Technology | 56.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 56.8 |
Education | (2.5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (2.5) |
Outsourcing & Consulting | 14.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 14.2 |
International | 8.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 8.1 |
Corporate | (63.2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (63.3) |
Total Company | $ | 33.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.1) |  |  | $ | 33.2 |

14

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars except per share data)
|  | Third Quarter |  | September Year to Date
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Income tax expense (benefit) |  | $ | (5.0) |  |  | $ | 11.1 |  |  | $ | (13.1) |  |  | $ | 19.0 |
Taxes on investment in Persol Holdings(1) |  | — |  |  | (10.9) |  |  | 18.4 |  |  | (22.0) |
Taxes on foreign currency matters(2) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1.5) |  |  | — |
Taxes on gain on sale of assets(3) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1.3) |  |  | — |
Taxes on loss on disposal(4) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Taxes on goodwill impairment charge(5) |  | 5.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 5.3 |  |  | — |
Taxes on restructuring charges(6) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Adjusted income tax expense (benefit) |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 7.8 |  |  | $ | (3.0) |
|  | Third Quarter |  | September Year to Date
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net earnings (loss) |  | $ | (16.2) |  |  | $ | 34.8 |  |  | $ | (61.6) |  |  | $ | 84.4 |
(Gain) loss on investment in Persol Holdings, net of taxes(1) |  | — |  |  | (24.6) |  |  | 48.8 |  |  | (49.8) |
Loss on foreign currency matters, net of taxes(2) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16.4 |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of assets, net of taxes(3) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4.0) |  |  | — |
Loss on disposal, net of taxes(4) |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 18.7 |  |  | — |
Goodwill impairment charge, net of taxes(5) |  | 25.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 25.4 |  |  | — |
Restructuring charges, net of taxes(6) |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |
Adjusted net earnings |  | $ | 9.4 |  |  | $ | 10.1 |  |  | $ | 43.7 |  |  | $ | 34.5 |
|  | Third Quarter |  | September Year to Date
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
|  | Per Share |  | Per Share
Net earnings (loss) |  | $ | (0.43) |  |  | $ | 0.87 |  |  | $ | (1.62) |  |  | $ | 2.12 |
(Gain) loss on investment in Persol Holdings, net of taxes(1) |  | — |  |  | (0.62) |  |  | 1.28 |  |  | (1.25) |
Loss on foreign currency matters, net of taxes(2) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.43 |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of assets, net of taxes(3) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.10) |  |  | — |
Loss on disposal, net of taxes(4) |  | 0.01 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.49 |  |  | — |
Goodwill impairment charge, net of taxes(5) |  | 0.67 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.67 |  |  | — |
Restructuring charges, net of taxes(6) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Adjusted net earnings |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 1.15 |  |  | $ | 0.86 |

Note: Earnings per share amounts for each quarter are required to be computed independently and may not equal the amounts computed for the total year.
15

KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
(UNAUDITED)
(In millions of dollars)
| Third Quarter |  | September Year to Date
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net earnings (loss) | $ | (16.2) |  |  | $ | 34.8 |  |  | $ | (61.6) |  |  | $ | 84.4 |
Other (income) expense, net(2) | (0.2) |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | (1.9) |  |  | 4.0 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | (5.0) |  |  | 11.1 |  |  | (13.1) |  |  | 19.0 |
Depreciation and amortization | 9.6 |  |  | 8.4 |  |  | 27.2 |  |  | 23.2 |
EBITDA | (11.8) |  |  | 54.6 |  |  | (49.4) |  |  | 130.6 |
Equity in net (earnings) loss of affiliate | — |  |  | (1.7) |  |  | (0.8) |  |  | (2.3) |
(Gain) loss on investment in Persol Holdings(1) | — |  |  | (35.5) |  |  | 67.2 |  |  | (71.8) |
Loss on foreign currency matters(2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20.4 |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of assets(3) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5.3) |  |  | — |
Loss on disposal(4) | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 18.7 |  |  | — |
Goodwill impairment charge(5) | 30.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 30.7 |  |  | — |
Restructuring(6) | — |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 19.1 |  |  | $ | 17.3 |  |  | $ | 81.5 |  |  | $ | 56.4 |
Adjusted EBITDA margin | 1.6 | % |  | 1.4 | % |  | 2.2 | % |  | 1.5 | %

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KELLY SERVICES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
(UNAUDITED)
Management believes that the non-GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) information excluding the 2022 sale of the Persol Holdings investment, the 2022 and 2021 gains and losses on the fair value changes of the investment in Persol Holdings, the 2022 losses on foreign currency matters, the 2022 gains on sale of assets, the 2022 loss on disposal, the 2022 goodwill impairment and the 2021 restructuring adjustments are useful to understand the Company's fiscal 2022 financial performance and increases comparability. Specifically, Management believes that removing the impact of these items allows for a meaningful comparison of current period operating performance with the operating results of prior periods. Management also believes that such measures are used by those analyzing performance of companies in the staffing industry to compare current performance to prior periods and to assess future performance.
Management uses Adjusted EBITDA (adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) and Adjusted EBITDA Margin (percent of total GAAP revenue) which Management believes is useful to compare operating performance compared to prior periods and uses it in conjunction with GAAP measures to assess performance. Our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be consistent with similarly titled measures of other companies and should be used in conjunction with GAAP measurements. Management also uses year-to-date free cash flow (operating cash flows less capital expenditures) to indicate the change in cash balances arising from operating activities, net of working capital needs and expenditures on fixed assets.
These non-GAAP measures may have limitations as analytical tools because they exclude items which can have a material impact on cash flow and earnings per share. As a result, Management considers these measures, along with reported results, when it reviews and evaluates the Company's financial performance. Management believes that these measures provide greater transparency to investors and provide insight into how Management is evaluating the Company's financial performance. Non-GAAP measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.
(1) In 2022, the loss on the investment in Persol Holdings represents the change in fair value up until the date of the sale of the investment on February 15, 2022 as well as the loss on the sale of the investment during the period presented and the related tax benefit. In 2021, the gain on the investment in Persol Holdings represents the change in fair value of the investment during the period presented and the related tax expense.
(2) In 2022, the loss on foreign currency matters includes a $20.4 million loss on currency translation resulting from the substantially complete liquidation of the Company's Japan entity, partially offset by a $5.5 million foreign exchange gain on the Japan entity's USD-denominated cash balance. The foreign exchange gain is included in other (income) expense, net in the EBITDA calculation.
(3) Gain on sale of assets in 2022 is related to the sale of under-utilized real property in the second quarter of 2022 and other real property sold in the first quarter of 2022.
(4) Loss on disposal in 2022 represents the write-off of the net assets of our Russian operations that were sold in the third quarter of 2022.
(5) Goodwill impairment charge in 2022 is the result of an interim impairment test the Company performed related to RocketPower due to a triggering event caused by changes in market conditions.
(6) Restructuring in 2021 represents adjustments to restructuring charges from 2020 relating to the severance costs and lease terminations for the new operating model adopted in the third quarter of 2020.
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