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Revenue
 12 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Revenue
Revenue Disaggregated by Service Type

Kelly has five operating segments: Professional & Industrial (“P&I”), Science, Engineering & Technology (“SET”), Education, Outsourcing & Consulting Group ("Outsourcing & Consulting," "OCG") and International. Other than OCG, each segment delivers talent through staffing services, permanent placement or outcome-based services. Our OCG segment delivers talent solutions including managed service provider ("MSP"), payroll process outsourcing ("PPO"), recruitment process outsourcing ("RPO"), and talent advisory services. International also delivers RPO talent solutions within its local markets.

The following table presents our segment revenues disaggregated by service type (in millions of dollars):
December Year to Date
202220212020
Professional & Industrial
Staffing services$1,228.2 $1,402.4 $1,423.3 
Permanent placement28.9 24.7 9.9 
Outcome-based services409.1 410.3 425.2 
Total Professional & Industrial1,666.2 1,837.4 1,858.4 
Science, Engineering & Technology
Staffing services869.0 813.2 751.8 
Permanent placement29.7 24.4 12.5 
Outcome-based services366.7 319.2 254.8 
Total Science, Engineering & Technology1,265.4 1,156.8 1,019.1 
Education
Staffing services627.8 411.5 286.4 
Permanent placement8.4 5.0 0.5 
Total Education636.2 416.5 286.9 
Outsourcing & Consulting
Talent solutions468.0 432.1 363.5 
Total Outsourcing & Consulting468.0 432.1 363.5 
International
Staffing services892.3 1,032.9 971.8 
Permanent placement22.6 21.3 16.8 
Talent solutions17.3 13.6 — 
Total International932.2 1,067.8 988.6 
Total Intersegment(2.6)(0.9)(0.5)
Total Revenue from Services$4,965.4 $4,909.7 $4,516.0 
Revenue Disaggregated by Geography

Our operations are subject to different economic and regulatory environments depending on geographic location. Our P&I and Education segments operate in the Americas region, our SET segment operates in the Americas and Europe regions, and OCG operates in the Americas, Europe and Asia-Pacific regions. The International segment includes Europe and our Brazil and Mexico operations, which are included in the Americas region. Our Russian operations were sold in the third quarter of 2022 and our Brazil operations were sold in August 2020 (see Acquisitions and Dispositions footnote).

The below table presents our revenues disaggregated by geography (in millions of dollars):
December Year to Date
202220212020
Americas
United States$3,671.5 $3,513.4 $3,260.2 
Canada168.2 155.0 122.5 
Puerto Rico112.4 102.1 77.0 
Mexico46.5 92.7 114.4 
Brazil— — 17.0 
Total Americas Region3,998.6 3,863.2 3,591.1 
Europe
Switzerland222.8 222.2 200.4 
France199.4 223.1 198.2 
Portugal169.5 158.2 141.7 
Italy69.3 74.2 58.2 
Russia63.4 132.2 118.5 
United Kingdom57.1 68.3 73.7 
Other143.2 128.8 104.6 
Total Europe Region924.7 1,007.0 895.3 
Total Asia-Pacific Region42.1 39.5 29.6 
Total Kelly Services, Inc.$4,965.4 $4,909.7 $4,516.0 
The below table presents our SET, OCG and International segment revenues disaggregated by geographic region (in millions of dollars):
December Year to Date
202220212020
Science, Engineering & Technology
Americas$1,250.3 $1,149.3 $1,013.7 
Europe15.1 7.5 5.4 
Total Science, Engineering & Technology$1,265.4 $1,156.8 $1,019.1 
Outsourcing & Consulting
Americas$403.3 $369.4 $302.2 
Europe22.6 23.2 31.7 
Asia-Pacific42.1 39.5 29.6 
Total Outsourcing & Consulting$468.0 $432.1 $363.5 
International
Americas$45.2 $91.5 $130.4 
Europe887.0 976.3 858.2 
Total International$932.2 $1,067.8 $988.6 

Deferred Costs

Deferred fulfillment costs, which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet, were $2.7 million as of year-end 2022 and $1.3 million as of 2021. Amortization expense for the deferred costs was $10.1 million for 2022, $20.5 million for 2021 and $21.5 million for 2020. As of year-end 2022, there was no impairment loss in relation to the costs capitalized.