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Fair Value Measurements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements Trade accounts receivable, short-term borrowings, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and accrued payroll and related taxes approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities of these assets and liabilities. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The following tables present assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of year-end 2023 and 2022 in the consolidated balance sheet by fair value hierarchy level, as described below. Level 1 measurements consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements include quoted prices in markets that are not active or model inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3 measurements include significant unobservable inputs. There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 assets or liabilities in 2023 or 2022.
|  | Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis As of Year-End 2023
Description |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
|  | (In millions of dollars)
Money market funds |  | $ | 42.5 |  |  | $ | 42.5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Total assets at fair value |  | $ | 42.5 |  |  | $ | 42.5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Brazil indemnification |  | $ | (3.0) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3.0) |
Foreign currency forward contract, net |  | (3.6) |  |  | — |  |  | (3.6) |  |  | — |
Total liabilities at fair value |  | $ | (6.6) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3.6) |  |  | $ | (3.0) |
|  | Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis As of Year-End 2022
Description |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
|  | (In millions of dollars)
Money market funds |  | $ | 108.3 |  |  | $ | 108.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Total assets at fair value |  | $ | 108.3 |  |  | $ | 108.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Brazil indemnification |  | $ | (3.4) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3.4) |
Greenwood/Asher earnout |  | (3.3) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3.3) |
Total liabilities at fair value |  | $ | (6.7) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6.7) |
Money market funds represent investments in money market funds that hold government securities, of which $8.0 million as of year-end 2023 and $6.5 million as of year-end 2022 are restricted as to use and are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. The money market funds that are restricted as to use account for the majority of our restricted cash balance and represents cash balances that are required to be maintained to fund disability claims in California. The remaining money market funds as of year-end 2023 and year-end 2022 are included in cash and equivalents in the consolidated balance sheet. The valuations of money market funds are based on quoted market prices of those accounts as of the respective period end. As of year-end 2023, the Company had an indemnification liability totaling $3.0 million with $0.1 million in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and $2.9 million in other long-term liabilities, and $3.4 million at year-end 2022 with $0.3 million in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and $3.1 million in other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet related to the sale of the Brazil operations. As part of the sale, the Company agreed to indemnify the buyer for losses and costs incurred in connection with certain events or occurrences initiated within a six-year period after closing. The aggregate losses for which the Company will provide indemnification will not exceed $8.8 million. The valuation of the indemnification liability was established using a discounted cash flow methodology based on probability weighted-average cash flows discounted by weighted-average cost of capital. The valuation, which represents the fair value, is considered a level 3 liability, and is being measured on a recurring basis. The Company made a $0.4 million payment to settle various indemnification claims in the second quarter of 2023. Additionally, during 2023, the Company recognized an increase of $0.3 million to the indemnification liability related to exchange rate fluctuations in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of earnings. On November 2, 2023, the Company entered into a foreign currency forward contract with a notional amount of €90.0 million which matures at the end of January 2024 to manage the foreign currency risk associated with the sale of our EMEA staffing operations, which was completed on January 2, 2024. This contract is not designated as a hedging instrument; therefore, it is marked-to-market and the changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. The Company's foreign currency forward contract is valued using observable inputs, such as foreign currency exchange rates, and is considered a level 2 liability. The Company recorded an unrealized loss of $3.6 million for the year ended 2023 in unrealized loss on forward contract on the consolidated statements of earnings. As of year-end 2023, the Company has a net liability associated with the forward contract of $3.6 million recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company recorded an earnout liability relating to the 2020 acquisition of Greenwood/Asher, with a remaining liability of $3.3 million at year-end 2022 in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. The initial valuation of the earnout liability was established using a Black Scholes model and represented the fair value and was considered a level 3 liability. During the first quarter of 2023, the Company paid the remaining earnout liability totaling $3.3 million, representing the year two portion of the earnout. In the consolidated statements of cash flows, $1.4 million of the payment is reflected as a financing activity representing the initial fair value of the earnout, with the remainder flowing through operating activities. There is no remaining earnout liability as of year-end 2023. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company paid the year one portion of the earnout totaling $2.3 million. In the consolidated statements of cash flows, $0.7 million is reflected as a financing activity representing the initial fair value of the earnout, with the remainder flowing through operating activities. During 2022, the Company reassessed the value of the earnout liability and determined that it was necessary to record an increase to the liability of $1.0 million. The company recorded an initial earnout liability relating to the 2022 acquisition of RocketPower, totaling $0.6 million, with $0.5 million in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and $0.1 million in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet as of second quarter-end 2022 (see Acquisitions and Dispositions footnote). The initial valuation of the earnout liability was established using a Black Scholes model and represented the fair value and was considered a level 3 liability. In the third quarter of 2022, we reassessed the value and determined that the fair value was zero. There have been no changes to the value as a result of year-end 2023 assessments and there is no related liability as of year-end 2023. The Company recorded an earnout liability relating to the 2020 acquisition of Insight, totaling $1.7 million as of year-end 2020 in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. The valuation of the earnout liability was initially established using a Monte Carlo simulation and represented the fair value and was considered a level 3 liability. During 2021, the Company recognized $0.1 million of expenses related to the earnout liability within SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of earnings. During the third quarter of 2021, the Company paid the earnout totaling $1.8 million. Equity Investments Without Readily Determinable Fair Value On March 1, 2022, the Company sold the majority of its investment in the JV (see Investment in PersolKelly Pte. Ltd. footnote), with the remaining 2.5% interest now being measured using the measurement alternative for equity investments without a readily determinable fair value. The measurement alternative represents cost, less impairment, plus or minus observable price changes. The sale of the shares of the JV represented an observable transaction requiring the Company to calculate the current fair value based on the purchase price of the shares, in which the resulting adjustment was not material. The investment totaled $6.4 million as of year-end 2023, representing total cost plus observable price changes to date. Prior to April 2021, the Company had a minority investment in Business Talent Group, LLC, which was included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. This investment was measured using the measurement alternative for equity investments without a readily determinable fair value as described above. In the second quarter of 2021, BTG entered into a merger agreement which resulted in all of the Company's shares of BTG being automatically cancelled upon approval of the merger and resulted in the receipt of $5.0 million in cash, which was equal to the carrying value and purchase price of the BTG investment. Prior to March 2021, the Company had a minority investment in Kenzie Academy Inc., which was included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. The investment was also measured using the measurement alternative for equity investments without a readily determinable fair value as described above. On March 8, 2021, Kenzie entered into a transaction to sell its assets. As of the date of the sale, the investment had a carrying value of $1.4 million, representing total cost plus observable price changes to date. In the first quarter of 2021, the asset was written down as a result of the sale and the loss of $1.4 million was recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of earnings. Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis In the fourth quarter of 2023, we performed our annual goodwill impairment testing, which included a step one quantitative test for the Softworld and PTS reporting units. As a result of the quantitative assessments, we determined that the estimated fair value of the Softworld and PTS reporting units was more than its carrying value. Additionally, we performed a step zero qualitative analysis for the Education reporting unit to determine whether a further quantitative analysis was necessary and concluded that a step one quantitative analysis was not necessary. As a result of the quantitative and qualitative assessments, the Company determined goodwill related to these reporting units was not impaired as of year-end 2023. During 2022, customers within the high-tech industry vertical, in which RocketPower specializes, reduced or eliminated their full-time hiring, reducing demand for RocketPower's services, and on-going economic uncertainty had more broadly impacted the growth in demand for RPO in the near-term. These changes in market conditions therefore caused a triggering event requiring interim impairment tests for both long-lived assets and goodwill as of third quarter of 2022. Job eliminations in the high-tech industry vertical continued during the fourth quarter of 2022, indicating a broad, sustained reduction in hiring was likely and was expected to last through much of 2023, directly impacting RocketPower and the demand for RocketPower's services in this vertical. These changes in market conditions caused another triggering event requiring interim impairment tests for both long-lived assets and goodwill as of year-end 2022. We performed a long-lived asset recoverability test for RocketPower and determined that undiscounted future cash flows exceeded the carrying amount of the asset group and were recoverable as of third quarter-end and year-end 2022. We performed an interim step one quantitative test for RocketPower’s goodwill and determined that the estimated fair value of the reporting unit no longer exceeded the carrying value as of third quarter-end and year-end 2022. Based on the results of our interim goodwill impairment tests, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $30.7 million in the third quarter of 2022 and we recorded an additional goodwill impairment charge of $10.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 to write off the remaining balance of RocketPower’s goodwill as of year-end, for a total goodwill impairment charge of $41.0 million as of year-end 2022 (see Goodwill and Intangible Assets footnote).

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 + Details
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