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Retirement Benefit Plans | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract] |
Retirement Benefit Plans | RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS (Dollars in Thousands) Arrow sponsors qualified and nonqualified defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans for its employees. Arrow maintains a non-contributory pension plan, which covers substantially all employees. Effective December 1, 2002, all active participants in the qualified defined benefit pension plan were given a one-time irrevocable election to continue participating in the traditional plan design, for which benefits were based on years of service and the participant’s final compensation (as defined), or to begin participating in the new cash balance plan design. All employees who participate in the plan after December 1, 2002 automatically participate in the cash balance plan design. The interest credits under the cash balance plan are based on the 30-year U.S. Treasury rate in effect for November of the prior year with a minimum interest credit of 3.0%. The service credits under the cash balance plan are equal to 6.0% of eligible salaries for employees who become participants on or after January 1, 2003. For employees in the plan prior to January 1, 2003, the service credits are scaled based on the age of the participant, and range from 6.0% to 12.0%. The funding policy is to contribute up to the maximum amount that can be deducted for federal income tax purposes and to make all payments required under ERISA. Arrow also maintains a supplemental non-qualified unfunded retirement plan to provide eligible employees of Arrow and its subsidiaries with benefits in excess of qualified plan limits imposed by federal tax law. Arrow has multiple non-pension postretirement benefit plans. The health care, dental and life insurance plans are contributory, with participants’ contributions adjusted annually. Arrow’s policy is to fund the cost of postretirement benefits based on the current cost of the underlying policies. However, the health care plan provision allows for grandfathered participants to receive automatic increases of Company contributions each year based on the increase in inflation and limited to a maximum of 5%. As of December 31, 2023, Arrow uses the sex-distinct Amount-Weighted Pri-2012 Mortality Tables for employees, healthy retirees and contingent survivors, with mortality improvements projected using Scale MP-2021 on a generational basis for the Pension Plan and the sex-distinct Amount-Weighted White Collar Pri-2012 Mortality Tables for employees, healthy retirees and contingent survivors, with mortality improvements projected using Scale MP-2021 on a generational basis for the Select Executive Retirement Plan. Segment interest rates of 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% were used in determining the present value of a lump sum payment/annuitizing cash balance accounts as of December 31, 2023. Effective January 1, 2021, Glens Falls National amended the Arrow Financial Corporation Employees' Pension Plan. The plan change was adopted January 1, 2021 and the amendment was valued as of December 31, 2020. The plan amendment included the following: Effective January 1, 2021, the benefit payable to or on behalf of each participant: •whose employment with the Employer (or any predecessor Employer, except as noted below) terminated on or before January 1, 2016; •who satisfied the requirements for early, normal, or late retirement as of such termination; •who never participated in the United Vermont Bancorporation Plan and; •who is, or whose beneficiary is, receiving monthly benefit payments from the plan as of January 1, 2021 (including a participant or beneficiary who shall commence receiving benefits from the plan as of January 1, 2021), shall be increased by three percent (3%). The foregoing increase was applied to the monthly benefit actually payable to the participant, or to the participant's beneficiary, as of January 1, 2021, determined after all applicable adjustments, regardless of whether such benefit had been determined under the Company's plan or the plan of a predecessor employer that had been merged into the plan. The plan amendment caused a $351,638 increase in the projected benefit obligation creating a positive service cost which will be amortized over 9.70 years (the average expected future service of active plan participants.) Effective January 1, 2021, Glens Falls National amended the Arrow Financial Corporation Employees' Select Executive Retirement Plan. The plan change was adopted January 1, 2021 and the amendment was valued as of December 31, 2020. The plan amendment provides a special adjustment to the monthly benefit payment for certain retirees. The plan amendment caused a $122,797 increase in the projected benefit obligation creating a positive prior service cost which will be amortized over 12.5 years. Settlement accounting is required when lump sum payments during a fiscal year exceed that fiscal year's Service Cost plus Interest Cost components of the Net Periodic Pension Cost. For 2023, settlement accounting was not required. For 2022, the sum of the Service Cost and Interest Cost was $3.3 million and the 2022 total lump sum payments exceeded that amount. The Plan therefore recognized in the 2022 Net Periodic Pension Cost a portion of the Unamortized Net (Gain)/Loss equal to the ratio of the projected benefit obligation for the participants that received a lump sum to the total projected benefit obligation. As of December 31, 2022, the Unamortized Net Loss prior to reflecting settlement accounting was $7.2 million. The ratio of the projected benefit obligation for participants that received a lump sum to the total projected benefit obligation was 8.06%. The effect of the settlement that was recognized in the 2022 Net Periodic Pension Cost was $577 thousand, which has been fully reflected in the 2022 Net Periodic Cost. The following tables set forth changes in the plans’ benefit obligations (projected benefit obligation for pension benefits and accumulated benefit obligation for postretirement benefits) and changes in the plans’ assets and the funded status of the pension plans and other postretirement benefit plan at December 31: Schedule of Defined Benefit Plan Disclosures
| Employees' Pension Plan |  | Select Executive Retirement Plan |  | Postretirement Benefit Plans
Defined Benefit Plan Funded Status |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value of Plan Assets | $ | 59,199 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Benefit Obligation | 42,914 |  |  | 6,904 |  |  | 6,221 |
Funded Status of Plan | $ | 16,285 |  |  | $ | (6,904) |  |  | $ | (6,221) |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value of Plan Assets | $ | 54,300 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Benefit Obligation | 39,528 |  |  | 6,070 |  |  | 6,482 |
Funded Status of Plan | $ | 14,772 |  |  | $ | (6,070) |  |  | $ | (6,482) |
Change in Benefit Obligation |  |  |  |  |
Benefit Obligation, at January 1, 2023 | $ | 39,528 |  |  | $ | 6,070 |  |  | $ | 6,482 |
Service Cost 1 | 1,593 |  |  | 570 |  |  | 56 |
Interest Cost 2 | 2,099 |  |  | 336 |  |  | 332 |
Plan Participants' Contributions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 459 |
Amendments / Curtailments / Special Termination | 526 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Actuarial Gain (Loss) | 2,125 |  |  | 357 |  |  | (397) |
Benefits Paid | (2,957) |  |  | (429) |  |  | (711) |
Benefit Obligation, at December 31, 2023 | $ | 42,914 |  |  | $ | 6,904 |  |  | $ | 6,221 |
Benefit Obligation, at January 1, 2022 | $ | 45,659 |  |  | $ | 6,455 |  |  | $ | 7,994 |
Service Cost 1 | 1,877 |  |  | 835 |  |  | 90 |
Interest Cost 2 | 1,439 |  |  | 225 |  |  | 248 |
Plan Participants' Contributions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 427 |
Actuarial Loss | (4,555) |  |  | (983) |  |  | (1,571) |
Benefits Paid | (4,892) |  |  | (462) |  |  | (706) |
Benefit Obligation, at December 31, 2022 | $ | 39,528 |  |  | $ | 6,070 |  |  | $ | 6,482 |
Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets |  |  |  |  |
Fair Value of Plan Assets, at January 1, 2023 | $ | 54,300 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Actual Return on Plan Assets | 7,856 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Employer Contributions | — |  |  | 429 |  |  | 252 |
Plan Participants' Contributions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 459 |
Benefits Paid | (2,957) |  |  | (429) |  |  | (711) |
Fair Value of Plan Assets, at December 31, 2023 | $ | 59,199 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Fair Value of Plan Assets, at January 1, 2022 | $ | 68,925 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Actual Return on Plan Assets | (9,733) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Employees' Pension Plan |  | Select Executive Retirement Plan |  | Postretirement Benefit Plans
Employer Contributions | — |  |  | 462 |  |  | 279 |
Plan Participants' Contributions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 427 |
Benefits Paid | (4,892) |  |  | (462) |  |  | (706) |
Fair Value of Plan Assets, at December 31, 2022 | $ | 54,300 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Accumulated Benefit Obligation at December 31, 2023 | $ | 42,900 |  |  | $ | 6,904 |  |  | $ | 6,221 |
Amounts Recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid Pension Asset | $ | 16,285 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Accrued Benefit Liability | — |  |  | (6,904) |  |  | (6,221) |
Net Benefit (Expense) Recognized | $ | 16,285 |  |  | $ | (6,904) |  |  | $ | (6,221) |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid Pension Asset | $ | 14,772 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Accrued Benefit Liability | — |  |  | (6,070) |  |  | (6,482) |
Net Benefit (Expense) Recognized | $ | 14,772 |  |  | $ | (6,070) |  |  | $ | (6,482) |
Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  |  |  |
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Net Unamortized (Gain) Loss Arising During the Period | $ | (2,315) |  |  | $ | 358 |  |  | $ | (397) |
Prior Service Cost | 526 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of Net (Loss) Gain | (118) |  |  | (73) |  |  | 353 |
Amortization of Prior Service Cost | (62) |  |  | (39) |  |  | (104) |
Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income for Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans | $ | (1,969) |  |  | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | (148) |
For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Net Unamortized Loss (Gain) Arising During the Period | $ | 9,492 |  |  | $ | (983) |  |  | $ | (1,571) |
Amortization of Net (Loss) Gain | — |  |  | (212) |  |  | 156 |
Amortization of Prior Service Cost | (78) |  |  | (44) |  |  | (106) |
Settlement Cost | (577) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans | $ | 8,837 |  |  | $ | (1,239) |  |  | $ | (1,521) |
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |
Net Unamortized (Gain) Loss Arising During the Period | $ | (7,826) |  |  | $ | 332 |  |  | $ | (1,239) |
Amortization of Net (Loss) Gain | — |  |  | (178) |  |  | 87 |
Amortization of Prior Service Cost | (78) |  |  | (48) |  |  | (106) |
Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income for Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans | $ | (7,904) |  |  | $ | 106 |  |  | $ | (1,258) |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Net Actuarial Loss (Gain) | $ | 4,141 |  |  | $ | 1,739 |  |  | $ | (2,641) |
Prior Service Cost | 840 |  |  | 330 |  |  | 262 |
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Before Tax | $ | 4,981 |  |  | $ | 2,069 |  |  | $ | (2,379) |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Net Actuarial Loss (Gain) | $ | 6,574 |  |  | $ | 1,453 |  |  | $ | (2,597) |
Prior Service Cost | 376 |  |  | 370 |  |  | 366 |
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Before Tax | $ | 6,950 |  |  | $ | 1,823 |  |  | $ | (2,231) |
| Employees' Pension Plan |  | Select Executive Retirement Plan |  | Postretirement Benefit Plans
Net Periodic Benefit Cost |  |  |  |  |
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Service Cost 1 | $ | 1,593 |  |  | $ | 570 |  |  | $ | 56 |
Interest Cost 2 | 2,099 |  |  | 336 |  |  | 332 |
Expected Return on Plan Assets 2 | (3,416) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2 | 62 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 104 |
Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2 | 118 |  |  | 73 |  |  | (353) |
Net Periodic Benefit Cost | $ | 456 |  |  | $ | 1,018 |  |  | $ | 139 |
For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Service Cost 1 | $ | 1,877 |  |  | $ | 835 |  |  | $ | 90 |
Interest Cost 2 | 1,439 |  |  | 225 |  |  | 248 |
Expected Return on Plan Assets 2 | (4,314) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2 | 77 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 106 |
Amortization of Net Loss 2 | — |  |  | 212 |  |  | (156) |
Settlement Cost 2 | 577 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net Periodic Benefit (Income) Cost | $ | (344) |  |  | $ | 1,316 |  |  | $ | 288 |
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |
Service Cost 1 | $ | 1,934 |  |  | $ | 582 |  |  | $ | 109 |
Interest Cost 2 | 1,365 |  |  | 191 |  |  | 249 |
Expected Return on Plan Assets 2 | (3,780) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2 | 78 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 106 |
Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2 | — |  |  | 178 |  |  | (87) |
Net Periodic Benefit (Income) Cost | $ | (403) |  |  | $ | 999 |  |  | $ | 377 |
Weighted-Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Benefit Obligation |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Discount Rate | 5.52 | % |  | 5.53 | % |  | 5.51 | %
Rate of Compensation Increase | 4.00 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 4.00 | %
Interest Rate Credit for Determining Projected Cash Balance Account | 4.66 | % |  | 4.66 | % |  |
Interest Rates segments to Annuitize Cash Balance Account (Segment 1, Segment 2 and Segment 3, respectively) | 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% |  | 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% |  |
Interest Rates to Convert Annuities to Actuarially Equivalent Lump Sum Amounts (Segment 1, Segment 2 and Segment 3, respectively) | 5.50%,5.76% and 5.83% |  | 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% |  |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Discount Rate | 5.59 | % |  | 5.61 | % |  | 5.62 | %
Rate of Compensation Increase | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | %
Interest Rate Credit for Determining Projected Cash Balance Account | 3.99 | % |  | 3.99 | % |  |
| Employees' Pension Plan |  | Select Executive Retirement Plan |  | Postretirement Benefit Plans
Weighted-Average Assumptions Used in Calculating Net Periodic Benefit Cost |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Discount Rate | 5.59 | % |  | 5.61 | % |  | 5.62 | %
Expected Long-Term Return on Plan Assets | 6.50 | % |  |  |  |
Rate of Compensation Increase | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | %
Interest Rate Credit for Determining Projected Cash Balance Account | 3.99 | % |  | 3.99 | % |  |
Interest Rates to Annuitize Cash Balance Account (Segment 1, Segment 2, and Segment 3, respectively) | 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% |  | 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% |  |
Interest Rates to Convert Annuities to Actuarially Equivalent Lump Sum Amounts (Segment 1, Segment 2 and Segment 3, respectively) | 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% |  | 5.50%, 5.76% and 5.83% |  |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Discount Rate | 3.30 | % |  | 5.61 | % |  | 3.32 | %
Expected Long-Term Return on Plan Assets | 6.50 | % |  |  |  |
Rate of Compensation Increase | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | %
Interest Rate Credit for Determining Projected Cash Balance Account | 3.00 | % |  | 3.99 | % |  |
Interest Rates to Annuitize Cash Balance Account (Segment 1, Segment 2, and Segment 3, respectively) | 5.09%, 5.60% and 5.41% |  | 5.09%, 5.60% and 5.41% |  |
Interest Rates to Convert Annuities to Actuarially Equivalent Lump Sum Amounts (Segment 1, Segment 2 and Segment 3, respectively) | 5.09%, 5.60% and 5.41% |  | 5.09%, 5.60% and 5.41% |  |
December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |
Discount Rate | 3.14 | % |  | 3.19 | % |  | 3.17 | %
Expected Long-Term Return on Plan Assets | 6.50 | % |  |  |  |
Rate of Compensation Increase | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | % |  | 3.50 | %
Interest Rate Credit for Determining Projected Cash Balance Account | 3.00 | % |  | 3.00 | % |  |
Interest Rates to Annuitize Cash Balance Account (Segment 1, Segment 2, and Segment 3, respectively) | 1.02%, 2.72% and 3.08% |  | 1.02%, 2.72% and 3.08% |  |
Interest Rates to Convert Annuities to Actuarially Equivalent Lump Sum Amounts (Segment 1, Segment 2 and Segment 3, respectively) | 1.02%, 2.72% and 3.08% |  | 1.02%, 2.72% and 3.08% |  |
Footnotes: 1.Included in Salaries and Employee Benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income 2.Included in Other Operating Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income Schedule of Defined Benefit Plan Disclosures Information about Defined Benefit Plan Assets - Employees' Pension Plan
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Asset Category | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Total |  | Percent of Total |  | Target Allocation Minimum |  | Target Allocation Maximum
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 15.0 | %
Interest-Bearing Money Market Fund | 1,257 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,257 |  |  | 2.1 | % |  | — | % |  | 15.0 | %
Arrow Common Stock | 5,443 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,443 |  |  | 9.2 | % |  | — | % |  | 10.0 | %
North Country Funds - Equity 2 | 20,012 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,012 |  |  | 33.8 | % |  |  |  |
Other Mutual Funds - Equity | 19,883 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,883 |  |  | 33.6 | % |  |  |  |
Total Equity Funds | 39,895 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 39,895 |  |  | 67.4 | % |  | 55.0 | % |  | 85.0 | %
Other Mutual Funds - Fixed Income | 12,012 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,012 |  |  | 20.3 | % |  |  |  |
Total Fixed Income Funds | 12,012 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,012 |  |  | 20.3 | % |  | 10.0 | % |  | 30.0 | %
Alternative ETF | 592 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 592 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | — | % |  | 20.0 | %
Total | $ | 59,199 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 59,199 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 15.0 | %
Interest-Bearing Money Market Fund | 1,291 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,291 |  |  | 2.4 | % |  | — | % |  | 15.0 | %
Arrow Common Stock 1 | 6,411 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,411 |  |  | 11.8 | % |  | — | % |  | 10.0 | %
North Country Funds - Equity 2 | 20,714 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,714 |  |  | 38.2 | % |  |  |  |
Other Mutual Funds - Equity | 15,059 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,059 |  |  | 27.7 | % |  |  |  |
Total Equity Funds | 35,773 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35,773 |  |  | 65.9 | % |  | 55.0 | % |  | 85.0 | %
North Country Funds - Fixed income 2 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  |  |  |
Other Mutual Funds - Fixed Income | 6,094 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,094 |  |  | 11.2 | % |  |  |  |
Total Fixed Income Funds | 6,094 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,094 |  |  | 11.2 | % |  | 10.0 | % |  | 30.0 | %
Alternative ETF | 4,731 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,731 |  |  | 8.7 | % |  | — | % |  | 20.0 | %
Total | $ | 54,300 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54,300 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  |
Footnotes: 1 Payment for the acquisition of Common Stock was under 10% of the total fair value of the employee's pension plan assets at the time of acquisition. 2 The North Country Funds - Equity and the North Country Funds - Fixed Income are publicly traded mutual funds advised by Arrow's subsidiary, North Country Investment Advisers, Inc. North Country Funds - Fixed Income was liquidated and dissolved in 2022. Schedule of Defined Benefit Plan Disclosures
| Employees' Pension Plan |  | Select Executive Retirement Plan |  | Postretirement Benefit Plans
Expected Future Benefit Payments |  |  |  |  |
2024 | $ | 3,739 |  |  | $ | 701 |  |  | $ | 613 |
2025 | 3,468 |  |  | 682 |  |  | 622 |
2026 | 3,262 |  |  | 653 |  |  | 643 |
2027 | 3,330 |  |  | 654 |  |  | 664 |
2028 | 3,336 |  |  | 623 |  |  | 636 |
2029 - 2033 | 16,545 |  |  | 2,713 |  |  | 2,727 |
Estimated Contributions During 2024 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 701 |  |  | $ | 613 |
Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Health Care Cost Trend Rate Assumed for Next Year |  |  |  |  | 7.75 | %
Rate to which the Cost Trend Rate is Assumed to Decline (the Ultimate Trend Rate) |  |  |  |  | 4.04 | %
Year that the Rate Reaches the Ultimate Trend Rate |  |  |  |  | 2075
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |
Health Care Cost Trend Rate Assumed for Next Year |  |  |  |  | 7.75 | %
Rate to which the Cost Trend Rate is Assumed to Decline (the Ultimate Trend Rate) |  |  |  |  | 4.04 | %
Year that the Rate Reaches the Ultimate Trend Rate |  |  |  |  | 2075
Fair Value of Plan Assets (Defined Benefit Plan): For information on fair value measurements, including descriptions of level 1, 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy and the valuation methods employed by Arrow, see Notes 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and 17, Fair Values, to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value of level 1 financial instruments in the table above are based on unadjusted, quoted market prices from exchanges in active markets. In accordance with ERISA guidelines, the Board authorized the purchase of Arrow common stock up to 10% of the fair market value of the plan's assets at the time of acquisition. Pension Plan Investment Policies and Strategies: The Company maintains a non-contributory pension benefit plan covering substantially all employees for the purpose of rewarding long and loyal service to the Company. The pension assets are held in trust and are invested in a prudent manner for the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to participants. The investment objective is to achieve an inflation-protected rate of return that meets the actuarial assumption which is used for funding purposes. The investment strategy attempts to maximize the investment return on assets at a level of risk deemed appropriate by the Company while complying with ERISA and any applicable regulations and laws. The investment strategy utilizes asset allocation as a principal determinant for establishing the risk/reward profile of the assets. Asset allocation ranges are established, periodically reviewed, and adjusted as funding levels, and participant benefit characteristics change. Active and passive investment management is employed to help enhance the risk/return profile of the assets. The plan’s assets are invested in a diversified portfolio of equity securities comprised of companies with small, mid, and large capitalizations. Both domestic and international equities are allowed to provide further diversification and opportunity for return in potentially higher growth economies with lower correlation of returns. Growth and value styles of investment are employed to increase the diversification and offer varying opportunities for appreciation. The fixed income portion of the plan may be invested in U.S. dollar denominated debt securities that shall be rated within the top four ratings categories by nationally recognized ratings agencies. The fixed income portion will be invested without regard to industry or sector based on analysis of each target security’s structural and repayment features, current pricing and trading opportunities as well as credit quality of the issuer. Individual bonds with ratings that fall below the plan’s rating requirements will be sold only when it is in the best interests of the plan. Hybrid investments, such as convertible bonds, may be used to provide growth characteristics while offering some protection to declining equity markets by having a fixed income component. Alternative investments such as Treasury Inflation Protected Securities, commodities, and REITs may be used to further enhance diversification while offering opportunities for return. In accordance with ERISA guidelines, common stock of the Company may be purchased up to 10% of the fair market value of the plan’s assets at the time of acquisition. Derivative investments are prohibited in the plan. The return on assets assumption was developed through review of historical market returns, historical asset class volatility and correlations, current market conditions, the plan’s past experience, and expectations on potential future market returns. The assumption represents a long-term average view of the performance of the assets in the plan, a return that may or may not be achieved during any one calendar year. The assumption is based on the return of the plan using the historical 15 year return adjusted for the potential for lower than historical returns due to low interest rates. Cash Flows - We were not required to and we did not make any contribution to our qualified pension plan in 2023. Arrow makes contributions for its postretirement benefits in an amount equal to actual expenses for the year.

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