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Business and geographic segments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Business and geographic segments |
Holding Percentage of Subsidiaries | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | % controlled at |
Business segment | ​ | Entity | ​ | December 31, 2024 |
Chemicals |  | Kronos |  | 81% | ​
Component products |  | CompX |  | 87% | ​
Real estate management and development |  | BMI and LandWell |  | 63% - 77% | ​
Segment Operating Performance | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Years ended December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In millions)
Net sales: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Chemicals | ​ | $ | 1,930.2 | ​ | $ | 1,666.5 | ​ | $ | 1,887.1
Component products | ​ |  | 166.6 | ​ |  | 161.3 | ​ |  | 145.9
Real estate management and development | ​ |  | 125.7 | ​ |  | 93.9 | ​ |  | 71.8
Total net sales | ​ | $ | 2,222.5 | ​ | $ | 1,921.7 | ​ | $ | 2,104.8
Cost of sales: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Chemicals | ​ | $ | 1,540.2 | ​ | $ | 1,502.7 | ​ | $ | 1,530.1
Component products | ​ |  | 117.8 | ​ |  | 112.1 | ​ |  | 104.6
Real estate management and development | ​ |  | 74.1 | ​ |  | 61.7 | ​ |  | 45.6
Total cost of sales | ​ | $ | 1,732.1 | ​ | $ | 1,676.5 | ​ | $ | 1,680.3
Gross margin: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Chemicals | ​ | $ | 390.0 | ​ | $ | 163.8 | ​ | $ | 357.0
Component products | ​ |  | 48.8 | ​ |  | 49.2 | ​ |  | 41.3
Real estate management and development | ​ |  | 51.6 | ​ |  | 32.2 | ​ |  | 26.2
Total gross margin | ​ | $ | 490.4 | ​ | $ | 245.2 | ​ | $ | 424.5
Operating income (loss): | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Chemicals | ​ | $ | 174.6 | ​ | $ | (41.1) | ​ | $ | 138.5
Component products | ​ |  | 25.4 | ​ |  | 25.4 | ​ |  | 17.0
Real estate management and development | ​ |  | 39.4 | ​ |  | 49.9 | ​ |  | 55.2
Total operating income | ​ |  | 239.4 | ​ |  | 34.2 | ​ |  | 210.7
General corporate items: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Interest income and other | ​ | ​ | 10.4 | ​ | ​ | 21.3 | ​ | ​ | 22.0
Gain on remeasurement of investment in TiO2 manufacturing joint venture | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 64.5
Insurance recoveries | ​ | ​ | .1 | ​ | ​ | .5 | ​ | ​ | 1.4
Gain on land sales | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 1.5 | ​ | ​ | .5
Other components of net periodic pension and OPEB expense | ​ |  | (13.9) | ​ |  | (11.8) | ​ |  | (2.6)
Changes in market value of Valhi common stock held by subsidiaries | ​ |  | (1.6) | ​ |  | (1.7) | ​ |  | 1.9
General expenses, net | ​ |  | (36.6) | ​ |  | (35.2) | ​ |  | (4.3)
Interest expense | ​ |  | (27.9) | ​ |  | (28.3) | ​ |  | (49.9)
Income (loss) before income taxes | ​ | $ | 169.9 | ​ | $ | (19.5) | ​ | $ | 244.2
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Years ended December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2023 | ​ | 2024
​ | ​ | (In millions)
Depreciation and amortization: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Chemicals | ​ | $ | 53.1 | ​ | $ | 49.9 | ​ | $ | 62.9
Component products | ​ |  | 4.0 | ​ |  | 4.0 | ​ |  | 3.7
Real estate management and development | ​ |  | 1.4 | ​ |  | .2 | ​ |  | .1
Total | ​ | $ | 58.5 | ​ | $ | 54.1 | ​ | $ | 66.7
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capital expenditures: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Chemicals | ​ | $ | 63.2 | ​ | $ | 47.4 | ​ | $ | 29.5
Component products | ​ |  | 3.7 | ​ |  | 1.1 | ​ |  | 1.4
Real estate management and development | ​ |  | .7 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Total | ​ | $ | 67.6 | ​ | $ | 48.5 | ​ | $ | 30.9
Total Assets Held by Business Segments | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In millions)
Total assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Operating segments: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Chemicals | ​ | $ | 2,293.5 | ​ | $ | 2,196.8 | ​ | $ | 2,268.5
Component products | ​ |  | 131.3 | ​ |  | 141.5 | ​ |  | 117.0
Real estate management and development | ​ |  | 219.2 | ​ |  | 200.9 | ​ |  | 216.7
Corporate and eliminations | ​ |  | 191.7 | ​ |  | 197.8 | ​ |  | 198.0
Total | ​ | $ | 2,835.7 | ​ | $ | 2,737.0 | ​ | $ | 2,800.2
Net Sales by Point of Origin and Point of Destination | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Years ended December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024
​ | ​ | (In millions)
Net sales - point of origin: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
United States | ​ | $ | 1,518.9 | ​ | $ | 1,284.4 | ​ | $ | 1,396.1
Germany | ​ |  | 895.4 | ​ |  | 726.4 | ​ |  | 826.6
Canada | ​ |  | 389.4 | ​ |  | 351.0 | ​ |  | 351.5
Norway | ​ |  | 273.5 | ​ |  | 252.1 | ​ |  | 278.6
Belgium | ​ |  | 306.5 | ​ |  | 217.1 | ​ |  | 237.8
Eliminations | ​ |  | (1,161.2) | ​ |  | (909.3) | ​ |  | (985.8)
Total | ​ | $ | 2,222.5 | ​ | $ | 1,921.7 | ​ | $ | 2,104.8
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net sales - point of destination: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
North America | ​ | $ | 985.4 | ​ | $ | 871.0 | ​ | $ | 914.0
Europe | ​ |  | 879.0 | ​ |  | 738.5 | ​ |  | 842.2
Other | ​ |  | 358.1 | ​ |  | 312.2 | ​ |  | 348.6
Total | ​ | $ | 2,222.5 | ​ | $ | 1,921.7 | ​ | $ | 2,104.8
Net Property and Equipment by Segment | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31,
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024
​ |  | (In millions)
Net property and equipment: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
United States | ​ | $ | 45.8 | ​ | $ | 40.0 | ​ | $ | 302.1
Germany | ​ |  | 204.7 | ​ |  | 213.0 | ​ |  | 190.9
Belgium | ​ |  | 101.4 | ​ |  | 98.5 | ​ |  | 88.6
Norway | ​ |  | 83.6 | ​ |  | 83.5 | ​ |  | 73.6
Canada | ​ |  | 88.3 | ​ |  | 82.3 | ​ |  | 68.2
Total | ​ | $ | 523.8 | ​ | $ | 517.3 | ​ | $ | 723.4

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