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Income taxes - Components of Net Deferred Tax Asset (Liability) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023
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Tax effect of temporary differences related to: |  |
Lease assets | $ 5.2 | $ 5.7
Accrued OPEB costs | 1.9 | 2.1
Accrued pension costs | 14.3 | 26.9
Accrued environmental liabilities | 15.2 | 22.6
Capitalized research and development costs | 6.3 | 4.8
Other deductible differences | 10.1 | 10.7
Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates | 10.1 | 10.5
Tax loss and tax credit carryforwards | 126.6 | 119.6
Valuation allowance | (14.1) | (3.5)
Adjusted gross deferred tax assets | 175.6 | 199.4
Netting of items by tax jurisdiction, assets | (121.8) | (132.4)
Net noncurrent deferred tax asset | 53.8 | 67.0
Tax effect of temporary differences related to: |  |
Property and equipment | (69.1) | (62.9)
Lease liabilities | (5.3) | (5.7)
Other taxable differences | (22.6) | (15.3)
Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates | (56.9) | (54.7)
Unrecognized foreign currency gain | (16.8) |
Tax on unremitted earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries | (8.8) | (10.9)
Adjusted gross deferred tax liabilities | (179.5) | (149.5)
Netting of items by tax jurisdiction, liabilities | (121.8) | (132.4)
Net noncurrent deferred tax liability | $ (57.7) | $ (17.1)

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