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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Equity [Abstract]  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Stock-based Compensation
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs, stock options, and ESPP shares for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016, which were allocated as follows (amounts shown in thousands):
201820172016
Cost of revenue $78 $52 $39 
Selling and marketing 2,656 1,577 1,099 
Research and development 1,801 1,028 660 
General and administrative
4,415 2,821 2,281 
Stock-based compensation expense included in expenses
$8,950 $5,478 $4,079 
The fair value calculations for stock-based compensation awards to employees for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016 were based on the following assumptions:
201820172016
Risk-free interest rate 2.04% 1.68% – 1.92% 1.43% – 1.66% 
Expected life (years)
5.155.255.90
Expected volatility 60%  74%  83%  
Expected dividends
— — — 
The expected life of options granted is derived using assumed exercise rates based on historical exercise patterns and vesting terms, and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding. Expected stock price volatility is based upon implied volatility and other factors, including historical volatility. After assessing all available information on either historical volatility, or implied volatility, or both, the Company concluded that a combination of both historical and implied volatility provides the best estimate of expected volatility.
As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $14.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs, stock options, and ESPP shares expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.3 years.
2012 Incentive Plan
In January 2012, the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) adopted the Mitek Systems, Inc. 2012 Incentive Plan (the “2012 Plan”), upon the recommendation of the compensation committee of the Board. On March 10, 2017, the Company’s stockholders approved the amendment and restatement of the 2012 Plan. The total number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2012 Plan is 9,500,000 shares plus that number of shares of Common Stock that would otherwise return to the available pool of unissued shares reserved for awards under its 1999 Stock Option Plan, 2000 Stock Option Plan, 2002 Stock Option Plan, 2006 Stock Option Plan, and 2010 Stock Option Plan (collectively, the “Prior Plans”).  As of September 30, 2018, (i) stock options to purchase 1,776,798 shares of Common Stock, 2,137,338 RSUs, and 2,042,817 Senior Executive Performance RSUs were outstanding under the 2012 Plan, and 2,745,093 shares of Common Stock were reserved for future grants under the 2012 Plan and (ii) stock options to purchase an aggregate of 1,029,566 shares of Common Stock were outstanding under the Prior Plans.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In January 2018, the Board adopted the Mitek ESPP. On March 7, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the ESPP. The total number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance thereunder is 1,000,000 shares. As of September 30, 2018, (i) 60,751 shares have been issued under the ESPP and (ii) 939,249 shares of Common Stock were reserved for future purchases under the ESPP. The Company commenced the initial offering period on April 2, 2018.
The ESPP enables eligible employees to purchase shares of Common Stock at a discount from the market price through payroll deductions, subject to limitations. Eligible employees may elect to participate in the ESPP only during an open enrollment period. The offering period immediately follows the open enrollment window, at which time ESPP contributions are withheld from the participant's regular paycheck. The ESPP provides for a 15% discount on the market value of the stock at the lower of the grant date price (first day of the offering period) and the purchase date price (last day of the offering period). The
Company recognized $0.2 million in stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP during the year ended September 30, 2018.
Director Restricted Stock Unit Plan
In January 2011, the Board adopted the Mitek Systems, Inc. Director Restricted Stock Unit Plan, as amended and restated (the “Director Plan”). On March 10, 2017, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the Director Plan. The total number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance thereunder is 1,500,000 shares. As of September 30, 2018, (i) 442,838 RSUs were outstanding under the Director Plan and (ii) 445,733 shares of Common Stock were reserved for future grants under the Director Plan.
Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Company’s stock option plans during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016: 
Number of
Shares
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in Years)
Outstanding at September 30, 2015 3,647,705 $3.70 7.2
Granted 98,500 $4.51 
Exercised (661,663)$2.67 
Canceled (69,168)$4.51 
Outstanding at September 30, 2016 3,015,374 $3.95 6.4
Granted 147,800 $7.06 
Exercised (235,514)$2.92 
Canceled (81,794)$3.59 
Outstanding at September 30, 2017 2,845,866 $4.21 5.4
Granted 299,397 $8.60 
Exercised (250,823)$2.96 
Canceled (88,076)$5.23 
Outstanding at September 30, 2018 2,806,364 $4.75 4.6
The Company recognized $1.4 million, $1.0 million, and $1.3 million in stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding stock options in the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $1.0 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding stock options expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.5 years.
Aggregate intrinsic value represents the value of the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the fiscal period in excess of the weighted-average exercise price, multiplied by the number of options outstanding and exercisable. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $1.4 million, $1.4 million, and $3.3 million, respectively. The per-share weighted-average fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $4.56, $4.28, and $3.29, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding as of September 30, 2018 and 2017, was $8.7 million and $15.6 million, respectively.
Restricted Stock Units
The following table summarizes RSU activity in the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016:
Number of
Shares
Weighted-
Average
Fair Value
Per Share
Outstanding at September 30, 2015 802,917 $4.49 
Granted 1,536,000 $4.82 
Settled (261,621)$4.77 
Canceled (31,127)$4.19 
Outstanding at September 30, 2016 2,046,169 $4.90 
Granted 1,249,224 $6.61 
Settled (707,174)$4.81 
Canceled (231,198)$4.93 
Outstanding at September 30, 2017 2,357,021 $5.65 
Granted 1,184,906 $8.54 
Settled (745,197)$5.26 
Canceled (216,554)$7.39 
Outstanding at September 30, 2018 2,580,176 $6.92 
 
The cost of RSUs is determined using the fair value of the Company’s Common Stock on the award date, and the compensation expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period. The Company recognized $5.9 million, $4.0 million, and $2.7 million in stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs in the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had approximately $11.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.3 years.
Senior Executive Performance RSUs
There were 2,042,817 Senior Executive Performance RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2018. The Company recognized $1.5 million and $0.4 million in stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding Senior Executive Performance RSUs in the years ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $1.9 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.1 years.
Closing Shares
On June 17, 2015, the Company completed the acquisition of IDchecker NL B.V., a company incorporated under the laws of The Netherlands (“IDC NL”), and ID Checker, Inc., a California corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of IDC NL (“IDC Inc.” and together with IDC NL, “IDchecker”). In connection with the closing of this acquisition, the Company issued to the Sellers 712,790 shares of Common Stock (the "Closing Shares"). Vesting of these shares is subject to the continued employment of the founders of IDchecker and occurs over a period of 27 months (the “Service Period”) from the date of issuance. The cost of the Closing Shares was determined using the fair value of Common Stock on the award date, and the stock-based compensation is recognized ratably over the vesting period. Stock-based compensation expense related to the Closing Shares is recorded within acquisition-related costs and expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss). The Company recognized no stock-based compensation expense related to the Closing Shares in the year ended September 30, 2018. The Company recognized $1.2 million in stock-based compensation expense related to the Closing Shares for each of the years ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.
Earnout Shares
In connection with the acquisition of IDchecker, the Company issued 137,306 shares of Common Stock (the "Earnout Shares") to the Sellers for achievement by IDchecker of certain revenue targets for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2015. Additionally, 81,182 Earnout Shares were earned by the Sellers for achievement by IDchecker of certain revenue targets for the twelve-month period ended September 30, 2016. The Company estimated the fair value of the Earnout Shares using the Monte-Carlo simulation (using the Company’s valuation date stock price, the annual risk-free interest rate, expected volatility,
the probability of reaching the performance targets, and a 10 trading day average stock price). In November 2017, a contingency triggered the immediate vesting of all Earnout Shares, resulting in an acceleration of all stock-based compensation related to the earnout shares. Stock-based compensation expense related to the Earnout Shares is recorded within acquisition-related costs and expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss). The Company recognized $0.4 million, $0.4 million, and $0.3 million in stock-based compensation expense related to the Earnout Shares for the years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.
Rights Agreement
 On October 23, 2018, the Company entered into the Rights Agreement and issued a dividend of one preferred share purchase right (a “Right”) for each share of Common Stock payable on November 2, 2018 to the stockholders of record of such shares on that date. Each Right entitles the registered holder, under certain circumstances, to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth of a share of Series B Junior Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Shares”), of the Company, at a price of $35.00 per one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share represented by a Right (the “Purchase Price”), subject to adjustment. The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in the Rights Agreement.
The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution Date (as defined in the Rights Agreement). Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, will have no rights as a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends.
At any time prior to the time any Person becomes an Acquiring Person (as defined in the Rights Agreement), the Board may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.0001 per Right (the “Redemption Price”). The redemption of the Rights may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with such conditions as the Board in its sole discretion may establish. Immediately upon any redemption of the Rights, the right to exercise the Rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price.
The Rights will expire on the earlier of (i) the close of business on October 22, 2021, (ii) the time at which the Rights are redeemed, (iii) the time at which the Rights are exchanged, and (iv) if the Rights Agreement has not been approved by the stockholders prior to the conclusion of the Company’s 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the close of business on such date.