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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Equity [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Expense Related to Stock Options and RSUs
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs, stock options, and ESPP shares for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016, which were allocated as follows (amounts shown in thousands):
201820172016
Cost of revenue $78 $52 $39 
Selling and marketing 2,656 1,577 1,099 
Research and development 1,801 1,028 660 
General and administrative
4,415 2,821 2,281 
Stock-based compensation expense included in expenses
$8,950 $5,478 $4,079 
Fair Value Calculations for Stock-Based Compensation Awards
The fair value calculations for stock-based compensation awards to employees for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016 were based on the following assumptions:
201820172016
Risk-free interest rate 2.04% 1.68% – 1.92% 1.43% – 1.66% 
Expected life (years)
5.155.255.90
Expected volatility 60%  74%  83%  
Expected dividends
— — — 
Stock Option Activity
The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Company’s stock option plans during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016: 
Number of
Shares
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Per Share
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in Years)
Outstanding at September 30, 2015 3,647,705 $3.70 7.2
Granted 98,500 $4.51 
Exercised (661,663)$2.67 
Canceled (69,168)$4.51 
Outstanding at September 30, 2016 3,015,374 $3.95 6.4
Granted 147,800 $7.06 
Exercised (235,514)$2.92 
Canceled (81,794)$3.59 
Outstanding at September 30, 2017 2,845,866 $4.21 5.4
Granted 299,397 $8.60 
Exercised (250,823)$2.96 
Canceled (88,076)$5.23 
Outstanding at September 30, 2018 2,806,364 $4.75 4.6
RSU Activity
Restricted Stock Units
The following table summarizes RSU activity in the fiscal years ended September 30, 2018, 2017, and 2016:
Number of
Shares
Weighted-
Average
Fair Value
Per Share
Outstanding at September 30, 2015 802,917 $4.49 
Granted 1,536,000 $4.82 
Settled (261,621)$4.77 
Canceled (31,127)$4.19 
Outstanding at September 30, 2016 2,046,169 $4.90 
Granted 1,249,224 $6.61 
Settled (707,174)$4.81 
Canceled (231,198)$4.93 
Outstanding at September 30, 2017 2,357,021 $5.65 
Granted 1,184,906 $8.54 
Settled (745,197)$5.26 
Canceled (216,554)$7.39 
Outstanding at September 30, 2018 2,580,176 $6.92