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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Summary of Carrying Amount and Fair Value of Ambac's Financial Assets and Liabilities

The following table sets forth the carrying amount and fair value of Ambac’s financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, including the level within the fair value hierarchy at which fair value measurements are categorized. As required by ASC Topic 820, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

 

     Carrying
Amount
    Total Fair
Value
    Fair Value Measurements Categorized as:  
       Level 1      Level 2     Level 3  

December 31, 2012

           

Financial assets:

           

Fixed income securities:

           

Municipal obligations

   $ 1,814,730      $ 1,814,730      $ —         $ 1,814,730      $ —     

Corporate obligations

     1,112,174        1,112,174        —           1,108,518        3,656   

Foreign obligations

     70,112        70,112        —           70,112        —     

U.S. government obligations

     127,283        127,283        127,283         —          —     

U.S. agency obligations

     82,535        82,535        —           82,535        —     

Residential mortgage-backed securities

     1,455,582        1,455,582        —           1,455,582        —     

Collateralized debt obligations

     33,342        33,342        —           26,860        6,482   

Other asset-backed securities

     706,637        706,637        —           656,373        50,264   

Short term investments

     661,658        661,658        657,886         3,772        —     

Other investments

     100        100        —           —          100   

Fixed income securities, pledged as collateral:

           

U.S. government obligations

     265,779        265,779        265,779         —          —     

Residential mortgage-backed securities

     —          —          —           —          —     

Cash

     43,837        43,837        43,837         —          —     

Restricted cash

     —          —          —           —          —     

Loans

     9,203        7,387        —           —          7,387   

Derivative assets:

           

Interest rate swaps—asset position

     46,752        46,752        —           46,752        —     

Interest rate swaps—liability position

     —          —          —           —          —     

Future contracts

     1,253        1,253        1,253        —          —     

Other assets

     14,557        14,557        —           —          14,557   

Variable interest entity assets:

           

Fixed income securities:

           

Corporate obligations

     2,261,294        2,261,294        —           —          2,261,294   

Restricted cash

     2,290        2,290        2,290         —          —     

Loans

     15,568,711        15,560,051        —           200,978        15,359,073   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total financial assets

   $ 24,277,829      $ 24,267,353      $ 1,098,328       $ 5,466,212      $ 17,702,813   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial liabilities:

           

Obligations under investment and repurchase agreements

   $ 362,017      $ 361,905      $ —         $ —        $ 361,905   

Liabilities subject to compromise

     1,622,189        434,823        —           434,823        —     

Long term debt, including accrued interest

     377,524        801,277        —           —          801,277   

Derivative liabilities:

           

Credit derivatives

     213,585        213,585        —           —          213,585   

Interest rate swaps—asset position

     (151,365     (151,365     —           (151,365     —     

Interest rate swaps—liability position

     390,774        390,774        —           282,022        108,752   

Future contracts

     —          —          —           —          —     

Currency swaps

     —          —          —           —          —     

Other contracts

     220        220        —           220        —     

Liabilities for net financial guarantees written

     7,074,808        3,091,257        —           —          3,091,257   

Variable interest entity liabilities:

           

Long-term debt

     15,436,008        15,414,233        —           12,457,732        2,956,501   

Derivative liabilities:

           

Interest rate swaps—liability position

     2,131,315        2,131,315        —           2,131,315        —     

Currency swaps—asset position

     —          —          —           —          —     

Currency swaps—liability position

     90,466        90,466        —           90,466        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total financial liabilities

   $ 27,547,541      $ 22,778,490      $ —         $ 15,245,213      $ 7,533,277   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

     Carrying
Amount
    Total Fair
Value
    Fair Value Measurements Categorized as:  
       Level 1      Level 2     Level 3  

December 31, 2011

           

Financial assets:

           

Fixed income securities:

           

Municipal obligations

   $ 2,002,999      $ 2,002,999      $ —         $ 2,002,999      $ —     

Corporate obligations

     1,127,500        1,127,500        —           1,119,570        7,930   

Foreign obligations

     94,795        94,795        —           94,795        —     

U.S. government obligations

     111,562        111,562        111,562         —          —     

U.S. agency obligations

     86,871        86,871        —           85,647        1,224   

Residential mortgage-backed securities

     1,412,517        1,412,517        —           1,412,517        —     

Collateralized debt obligations

     46,237        46,237        —           33,755        12,482   

Other asset-backed securities

     947,808        947,808        —           871,922        75,886   

Short term investments

     783,071        783,071        769,204         13,867        —     

Other investments

     100        100        —           —          100   

Fixed income securities, pledged as collateral:

           

U.S. government obligations

     260,802        260,802        260,802         —          —     

Residential mortgage-backed securities

     2,728        2,728        —           2,728        —     

Cash

     15,999        15,999        15,999         —          —     

Restricted cash

     2,500        2,500        2,500         —          —     

Loans

     18,996        16,934        —           —          16,934   

Derivative assets:

           

Interest rate swaps—asset position

     411,652        411,652        —           260,851        150,801   

Interest rate swaps—liability position

     (242,500     (242,500     —           (53     (242,447

Future contracts

     —          —          —           —          —     

Call options on long-term debt

     6,055        6,055        —           —          6,055   

Other assets

     16,779        16,779        —           —          16,779   

Variable interest entity assets:

           

Fixed income securities:

           

Corporate obligations

     2,199,338        2,199,338        —           —          2,199,338   

Restricted cash

     2,140        2,140        2,140         —          —     

Loans

     14,329,515        14,309,134        —           182,140        14,126,994   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total financial assets

   $ 23,637,464      $ 23,615,021      $ 1,162,207       $ 6,080,738      $ 16,372,076   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Financial liabilities:

           

Obligations under investment and repurchase agreements

   $ 546,546      $ 549,043      $ —         $ —        $ 549,043   

Liabilities subject to compromise

     1,622,189        112,233        —           112,233        —     

Long term debt, including accrued interest

     391,372        562,043        —           —          562,043   

Derivative liabilities:

           

Credit derivatives

     190,653        190,653        —           —          190,653   

Interest rate swaps—asset position

     (30,859     (30,859     —           —          (30,859

Interest rate swaps—liability position

     251,303        251,303        —           9,913        241,390   

Futures contracts

     627        627        627         —          —     

Currency swaps

     2,423        2,423        —           2,423        —     

Other contracts

     361        361        —           361        —     

Liabilities for net financial guarantees written

     7,547,288        2,642,795        —           —          2,642,795   

Variable interest entity liabilities:

           

Long-term debt

     14,288,540        14,255,452        —           12,320,810        1,934,642   

Derivative liabilities:

           

Interest rate swaps—liability position

     2,023,974        2,023,974        —           2,023,974        —     

Currency swaps—asset position

     (27,779     (27,779     —           (27,779     —     

Currency swaps—liability position

     90,857        90,857        —           90,857        —     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total financial liabilities

   $ 26,897,495      $ 20,623,126      $ 627       $ 14,532,792      $ 6,089,707   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
Information about Valuation Inputs for Fixed Income Securities Classified as Level 3

Significant inputs for the interest only strips valuation at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 include the following weighted averages:

December 31, 2012

 

  a. Coupon rate: 0.345%

 

  b. Maturity: 21.14 years

 

  c. Yield: 6.08%

December 31, 2011

 

  a. Coupon rate: 0.60%

 

  b. Maturity: 21.44 years

 

  c. Yield: 7.20%

U.S. agency obligations: These notes are secured by separate lease rental agreements with the U.S. Government acting through the General Services Administration. There were no U.S. agency obligations classified as Level 3 at December 31, 2012. The fair value of such securities classified as Level 3 was $1,224 at December 31, 2011. Fair value was calculated using a discounted cash flow approach with the yield based on comparable U.S. agency securities. Significant inputs for the valuation at December 31, 2011 include the following weighted averages:

December 31, 2011

 

  a. Coupon rate: 6.91%

 

  b. Maturity: 1.33 years

 

  c. Yield: 2.13%

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDO”): Securities are floating rate senior notes where the underlying securities of the CDO consist of subordinated bank perpetual preferred securities. The fair value of such securities classified as Level 3 was $6,482 and $12,482 at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Fair value was calculated using a discounted cash flow approach with expected future cash flows discounted using a yield curve consistent with the security type and rating. Significant inputs for the valuation at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 include the following weighted averages:

 

December 31, 2012

 

  a. Coupon rate: 1.05%

 

  b. Maturity: 1.51 years

 

  c. Yield: 5.92%

December 31, 2011

 

  a. Coupon rate: 0.86%

 

  b. Maturity: 1.55 years

 

  c. Yield: 11.79%

Other asset-backed securities: These securities are floating rate investment grade notes collateralized by various asset types. The fair value of such securities classified as Level 3 was $50,264 and $75,886 at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Fair value was calculated using a discounted cash flow approach with expected future cash flows discounted using a yield curve consistent with the security type and rating. Significant inputs for the valuation at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 include the following weighted averages:

December 31, 2012

 

  a. Coupon rate: 0.71%

 

  b. Maturity: 7.86 years

 

  c. Yield: 7.50%

December 31, 2011

 

  a. Coupon rate: 1.41%

 

  b. Maturity: 3.00 years

 

  c. Yield: 4.50%

European ABS transactions: The fair value of such obligations classified as Level 3 was $2,956,501 and $1,934,642 at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Fair values were calculated by using a discounted cash flow approach. The discount rates used were based on the rates implied from the third party quoted values (Level 2) for comparable notes from the same securitization. Significant inputs for the valuation at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 include the following weighted averages:

 

December 31, 2012

 

  a. Coupon rate: 1.64%

 

  b. Maturity: 12.34 years

 

  c. Yield: 4.02%

December 31, 2011

 

  a. Coupon rate: 1.56%

 

  b. Maturity: 11.99 years

 

  c. Yield: 3.90%
Summary of Information about Described Model Inputs Used to Determine Fair Value of Each Class of Credit Derivatives

 Information about the above described model inputs used to determine the fair value of each class of credit derivatives as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 is summarized below:

As of December 31, 2012

 

     CLOs     Other(1)  

Notional outstanding

   $ 6,155,767      $ 3,701,387   

Weighted average reference obligation price

     96.5        86.9   

Weighted average life (WAL) in years

     2.2        4.2   

Weighted average credit rating

     AA-        A   

Weighted average relative change ratio

     34.4     38.2

CVA percentage

     55     55

Fair value of derivative liabilities

   $ (34,645   $ (116,086

As of December 31, 2011

 

     CLOs     Other(1)  

Notional outstanding

   $ 8,228,577      $ 4,099,766   

Weighted average reference obligation price

     92.5        84.3   

Weighted average life (WAL) in years

     2.7        4.7   

Weighted average credit rating

     AA-        A   

Weighted average relative change ratio

     34.4     38.5

CVA percentage

     75     75

Fair value of derivative liabilities

   $ (54,320   $ (86,526

 

(1) Excludes contracts for which fair values are based on credit derivative quotes rather than reference obligation quotes. Such contracts have a combined notional outstanding of $1,424,623, WAL of 7.9 years and liability fair value of ($62,854) as of December 31, 2012. Other inputs to the valuation of these transactions at December 31, 2012 include weighted average quotes of 10% of notional, weighted average rating of A and Ambac CVA percentage of 55%. As of December 31, 2011, these contracts had a combined notional outstanding of $1,838,269, WAL of 9.0 years and liability fair value of ($49,807). Other inputs to the valuation of these transactions at December 31, 2011 include weighted average quotes of 11% of notional, weighted average rating of A+ and Ambac CVA percentage of 75%.
Summary of Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Category

the gains and losses presented below include changes in the fair value related to both observable and unobservable inputs.

 

Level-3 financial assets and liabilities accounted for at fair value

 

                      VIE Assets and Liabilities        

2012

  Investments     Other
assets
    Derivatives     Investments     Loans     Derivatives     Long-term
debt
    Total  

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 97,522      $ 16,779      $ (486,775   $ 2,199,338      $ 14,126,994      $ —        $ (1,934,642   $ 14,019,216   

Additions of VIEs consolidated

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Total gains/(losses) realized and unrealized:

               

Included in earnings

    (3     (2,222     21,076        (41,289     952,463        —          (208,678     721,347   

Included in other comprehensive income

    7,485        —          —          103,245        637,954        —          (98,311     650,373   

Purchases

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Issuances

    —          —          —          —          —          —          (162,460     (162,460

Sales

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     

Settlements

    (97,206     —          (48,886     —          (358,338     —          64,781        (439,649

Transfers in Level 3

    58,905        —          —          —          —          —          (1,875,121     (1,816,216

Transfers out of Level 3

    (6,301     —          192,248       —          —          —          1,257,930        1,443,877   

Deconsolidation of VIEs

    —          —          —          —          —          —          —          —     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, end of period

  $ 60,402      $ 14,557      $ (322,337   $ 2,261,294      $ 15,359,073      $ —        $ (2,956,501   $ 14,416,488   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The amount of total gains/(losses) included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

  $ —        $ (2,222   $ (113,836   $ (41,289   $ 952,944      $ —        $ (208,678   $ 587,983   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

                      VIE Assets and Liabilities        

2011

  Investments     Other
assets
    Derivatives     Investments     Loans     Derivatives     Long-term
debt
    Total  

Balance, beginning of period

  $ 199,172      $ 17,909      $ (195,933   $ 1,904,361      $ 15,800,918      $ 4,511      $ (1,856,366   $ 15,874,572   

Additions of VIEs consolidated

    —         —         —         —         —         —         (350,624     (350,624

Total gains/(losses) realized and unrealized:

               

Included in earnings

    (3,467     (1,130     (335,633     311,842        664,823        (4,511     (118,048     513,876   

Included in other comprehensive income

    (124     —         —         (16,865     (14,881     —         11,240        (20,630

Purchases

    —         —         —         —         —         —         —         —    

Issuances

    —         —         —         —         —         —         —         —    

Sales

    (16,600     —         —         —         —         —         —         (16,600

Settlements

    (6,446     —         44,791        —         (428,899     —         35,241        (355,313

Transfers in Level 3

    469        —         —         —         —         —         (905,664     (905,195

Transfers out of Level 3

    (75,482     —         —         —         —         —         955,636        880,154   

Deconsolidation of VIEs

    —         —         —         —         (1,894,967     —         293,943        (1,601,024
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, end of period

  $ 97,522      $ 16,779      $ (486,775   $ 2,199,338      $ 14,126,994      $ —       $ (1,934,642   $ 14,019,216   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The amount of total gains/(losses) included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

  $ —       $ (1,130   $ (340,674   $ 311,842      $ 664,823      $ (4,511   $ (118,063   $ 512,287   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

The tables below provide roll-forward information by class of investments and derivatives measured using significant unobservable inputs. This information is provided for the year ended December 31, 2012 as required by amendments to ASC Topic 820 effective January 1, 2011.

Level-3 Investments by class

 

Year ended December 31, 2012

   Collateralized
Debt
Obligations
    Other Asset
Backed
Securities
    Corporate
Obligations
    U.S. Agency
Obligations
    Total
Investments
 

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 12,482      $ 75,886      $ 7,930      $ 1,224      $ 97,522   

Total gains/(losses) realized and unrealized:

          

Included in earnings

     (5     —         4        (2     (3

Included in other comprehensive income

     646        7,051        (203     (9     7,485   

Purchases

     —          —         —         —         —    

Issuances

     —          —         —         —         —    

Sales

     —          —         —         —         —     

Settlements

     (6,641     (85,741     (4,075 )     (749     (97,206

Transfers in Level 3

     —          53,068       5,837       —          58,905   

Transfers out of Level 3

     —          —          (5,837 )     (464 )     (6,301
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, end of period

   $ 6,482      $ 50,264      $ 3,656      $ —        $ 60,402   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The amount of total gains/(losses) included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

   $ —       $ —       $ —       $ —       $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Level-3 Investments by class

 

Year ended December 31, 2011

   Collateralized
Debt
Obligations
    Other Asset
Backed
Securities
    Corporate
Obligations
    U.S.  Agency
Obligations
    Total
Investments
 

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 30,433      $ 159,473      $ 8,069      $ 1,197      $ 199,172   

Total gains/(losses) realized and unrealized:

          

Included in earnings

     (3,286     —         (177     (4     (3,467

Included in other comprehensive income

     6,454        (6,612     38        (4     (124

Purchases

     —         —         —         —         —    

Issuances

     —         —         —         —         —    

Sales

     (16,600     —         —         —         (16,600

Settlements

     (4,519     (1,493     —         (434     (6,446

Transfers in Level 3

     —         —         —         469        469   

Transfers out of Level 3

     —         (75,482     —         —         (75,482
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, end of period

   $ 12,482      $ 75,886      $ 7,930      $ 1,224      $ 97,522   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The amount of total gains/(losses) included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

   $ —       $ —       $ —       $ —       $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Level-3 Derivatives by class

 

Year ended December 31, 2012

   Interest Rate
Swaps
    Credit
Derivatives
    Call Options
on  Long-term
debt
    Total
Derivatives
 

Balance, beginning of period

   $ (302,177   $ (190,653   $ 6,055     $ (486,775

Additions of VIEs consolidated

        

Total gains/(losses) realized and unrealized:

        

Included in earnings

     (70,415     (9,219     100,710        21,076   

Included in other comprehensive income

     —         —         —         —    

Purchases

     —         —         —         —    

Issuances

     —         —         —         —    

Sales

     —         —         —         —    

Settlements

     71,592        (13,713     (106,765     (48,886

Transfers in Level 3

     —         —         —         —    

Transfers out of Level 3

     192,248        —         —         192,248  

Deconsolidation of VIEs

     —         —         —         —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, end of period

   $ (108,752   $ (213,585   $ —       $ (322,337
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The amount of total gains/(losses) included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

   $ (78,505   $ (35,331   $ —       $ (113,836
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Level-3 Derivatives by class

 

Year ended December 31, 2011

   Interest Rate
Swaps
    Credit
Derivatives
    Call Options
on  Long-term
debt
     Total
Derivatives
 

Balance, beginning of period

   $ 25,751      $ (221,684   $ —         $ (195,933

Additions of VIEs consolidated

         

Total gains/(losses) realized and unrealized:

         

Included in earnings

     (389,720     48,032        6,055         (335,633

Included in other comprehensive income

     —         —         —          —    

Purchases

     —         —         —          —    

Issuances

     —         —         —          —    

Sales

     —         —         —          —    

Settlements

     61,792        (17,001     —           44,791   

Transfers in Level 3

     —         —         —          —    

Transfers out of Level 3

     —         —         —          —    

Deconsolidation of VIEs

     —         —         —          —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Balance, end of period

   $ (302,177   $ (190,653   $ 6,055      $ (486,775
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

The amount of total gains/(losses) included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

   $ (356,354   $ 9,625      $ 6,055      $ (340,674
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 
Summary of Gains and Losses (Realized and Unrealized) Relating to Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Included in Earnings

Gains and losses (realized and unrealized) relating to Level 3 assets and liabilities included in earnings for years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 are reported as follows:

 

     Net
investment
income
    Realized
gains or
(losses) and
other
settlements
on credit
derivative
contracts
     Unrealized
gains or
(losses) on
credit
derivative
contracts
    Derivative
products
revenues
(interest rate
swaps)
    Income
(loss)  on

variable
interest
entities
     Other
income
 

2012

              

Total gains or losses included in earnings for the period

   $ (3   $ 13,713       $ (22,932   $ (70,415   $ 702,496       $ 98,488   

Changes in unrealized gains or losses relating to the assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

     —         —          (35,331     (78,505     702,977         (2,222

2011

              

Total gains or losses included in earnings for the period

   $ (3,467   $ 17,001       $ 31,031      $ (389,720   $ 854,106       $ 4,925   

Changes in unrealized gains or losses relating to the assets and liabilities still held at the reporting date

     —         —          9,625        (356,354     854,091         4,925