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Derivative Instruments | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2021
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] |
Derivative Instruments | 10. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS The following tables summarize the gross fair values of individual derivative instruments and the impact of legal rights of offset as reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets / Liabilities |  | Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amounts of Assets/ Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amount of Collateral Received / Pledged Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | Net Amount
September 30, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | $ | 78 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 78 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 78 |
Total non-VIE derivative assets | $ | 78 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 78 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 78 |
Derivative Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Credit derivatives | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swaps | 94 |  |  | — |  |  | 93 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 1 |
Total non-VIE derivative liabilities | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Variable Interest Entities Derivative Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Currency swaps | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40 |
Total VIE derivative assets | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40 |
Variable Interest Entities Derivative Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | $ | 1,830 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,830 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,830 |
Total VIE derivative liabilities | $ | 1,830 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,830 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,830 |
December 31, 2020: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 93 |
Total non-VIE derivative assets | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 93 |
Derivative Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | 114 |  |  | — |  |  | 114 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 1 |
Total non-VIE derivative liabilities | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Variable Interest Entities Derivative Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Currency swaps | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41 |
Total VIE derivative assets | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41 |
Variable Interest Entities Derivative Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | $ | 1,835 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,835 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,835 |
Total VIE derivative liabilities | $ | 1,835 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,835 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,835 |
Amounts representing the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral are not offset against fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amounts representing the right to reclaim cash collateral and posted margin, recorded in “Other assets” were $9 and $1 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. There were no amounts held representing an obligation to return cash collateral as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The following tables summarize the location and amount of gains and losses of derivative contracts in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Total Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:
| Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Consolidated Statements of Total Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Total Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Non-VIE derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Credit derivatives | Net gains (losses) on derivative contracts |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1) |
Interest rate swaps | Net gains (losses) on derivative contracts |  | 4 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 14 |  |  | (20) |
Futures contracts | Net gains (losses) on derivative contracts |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | (41) |
Total Non-VIE derivatives |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | 19 |  |  | (61) |
Variable Interest Entities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Currency swaps | Income (loss) on variable interest entities |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | (10) |  |  | 3 |  |  | 7 |
Interest rate swaps | Income (loss) on variable interest entities |  | (88) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (50) |  |  | (177) |
Total Variable Interest Entities |  | (82) |  |  | (14) |  |  | (47) |  |  | (170) |
Total derivative contracts |  |  | $ | (77) |  |  | $ | (7) |  |  | $ | (29) |  |  | $ | (231) |
Credit Derivatives: Credit derivatives, which are privately negotiated contracts, provide the counterparty with credit protection against the occurrence of a specific event such as a payment default or bankruptcy relating to an underlying obligation. Credit derivatives issued are insured by AAC. The outstanding credit derivative transaction at September 30, 2021, does not include ratings-based collateral-posting triggers or otherwise require Ambac to post collateral regardless of Ambac’s ratings or the size of the mark to market exposure to Ambac. Our credit derivatives were written on a “pay-as-you-go” basis. Similar to an insurance policy, pay-as-you-go provides that Ambac pays interest shortfalls on the referenced transaction as they are incurred on each scheduled payment date, but only pays principal shortfalls upon the earlier of (i) the date on which the assets designated to fund the referenced obligation have been disposed of and (ii) the legal final maturity date of the referenced obligation. Ambac maintains internal credit ratings on its guaranteed obligations, including credit derivative contracts, solely to indicate management’s view of the underlying credit quality of the guaranteed obligations. The principal notional outstanding for credit derivative contracts was $244 and $257 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, all of which had internal Ambac ratings of AA in both periods. Interest Rate Derivatives: Ambac, through its subsidiary Ambac Financial Services (“AFS”), uses interest rate swaps, US Treasury futures contracts and other derivatives, to provide a partial economic hedge against the effects of rising interest rates elsewhere in the Company, including on Ambac’s financial guarantee exposures. Additionally, AFS provided interest rate swaps to states, municipalities and their authorities, asset-backed issuers and other entities in connection with their financings. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the notional amounts of AFS’s derivatives are as follows:
|  | Notional
Type of Derivative |  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Interest rate swaps—pay-fixed/receive-variable |  | $ | 1,253 |  |  | $ | 726 |
US Treasury futures contracts—short |  | 470 |  |  | 240 |
Interest rate swaps—receive-fixed/pay-variable |  | 186 |  |  | 195 |
Derivatives of Consolidated Variable Interest Entities Certain VIEs consolidated under the Consolidation Topic of the ASC entered into derivative contracts to meet specified purposes within the securitization structure. The notional for VIE derivatives outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, were as follows:
|  | Notional
Type of VIE Derivative |  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Interest rate swaps—receive-fixed/pay-variable |  | $ | 1,216 |  |  | $ | 1,233 |
Interest rate swaps—pay-fixed/receive-variable |  | 1,083 |  |  | 1,151 |
Currency swaps |  | 279 |  |  | 308 |
Contingent Features in Derivatives Related to Ambac Credit Risk Ambac’s over-the-counter interest rate swaps are centrally cleared when eligible. Certain interest rate swaps remain with professional swap-dealer counterparties and direct customer counterparties. These non-cleared swaps are generally executed under standardized derivative documents including collateral support and master netting agreements. Under these agreements, Ambac is required to post collateral in the event net unrealized losses exceed predetermined threshold levels. Additionally, given that AAC is no longer rated by an independent rating agency, counterparties have the right to terminate the swap positions. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the net liability fair value of derivative instruments with contingent features linked to Ambac’s own credit risk was $93 and $113, respectively, related to which Ambac had posted cash and securities as collateral with a fair value of $110 and $130, respectively. All such ratings-based contingent features have been triggered requiring maximum collateral levels to be posted by Ambac while preserving counterparties’ rights to terminate the contracts. Assuming all such contracts terminated at fair value on September 30, 2021, settlement of collateral balances and net derivative liabilities would result in a net receipt of cash and/or securities by Ambac. If counterparties elect to exercise their right to terminate, the actual termination payment amounts will be determined in accordance with derivative contract terms, which may result in amounts that differ from market values as reported in Ambac’s financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for derivative instruments and hedging activities including, but not limited to, risk management strategies, non-hedging derivative instruments, assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2229140 + Details
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