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Basis of Presentation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation Basis of Presentation
References herein to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “Conduent” refer to Conduent Incorporated and its consolidated subsidiaries unless the context suggests otherwise.
Description of Business
As one of the largest diversified business process services companies in the world, Conduent delivers mission-critical solutions and services on behalf of businesses and governments – creating exceptional outcomes for its clients and the millions of people who count on them. Through its dedicated people, processes and technologies, Conduent's services and solutions enhance customer experience, increase efficiencies, reduce costs and improve performance for most Fortune 100 companies and more than 500 government entities.
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) on a basis consistent with reporting interim financial information in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The year-end Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year information to conform to current year presentation. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been made. These adjustments consist of normal recurring items. The interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results of the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The Company has evaluated subsequent events through November 1, 2022 and no material subsequent events were identified.
Use of Estimates
Preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to fair values of financial instruments, goodwill and intangible assets, income taxes and contingent liabilities, among others. The Company bases its estimates on assumptions, both historical and forward looking, that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities.
As of September 30, 2022, the effects of global macroeconomic and geopolitical uncertainty, including COVID-19 pandemic related factors, on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition continue to evolve. As a result, many of the Company's estimates and assumptions continue to require increased judgment and carry a higher degree of variability and volatility. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, the Company's estimates may change materially in the future.
Contingencies and Litigation
The Company is currently involved in various claims and legal proceedings. At least quarterly, it reviews the status of each significant matter and assesses its potential financial exposure considering all available information including, but not limited to, the impact of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel and other updated information and events pertaining to a particular matter. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss. The estimated losses are recorded within Litigation settlements (recoveries), net in the Company's income statement. Significant judgment is required in both the determination of probability and the determination as to whether an exposure is reasonably estimable. Because of uncertainties related to these matters, accruals are based only on the best information available at the time. As additional information becomes available, the Company reassesses the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation and may revise its estimates. These revisions in the estimates of the potential liabilities could have a material impact on the results of operations and financial position. The Company's policy is to expense legal defense costs related to such matters as incurred. These costs are recorded within Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company's income statement. Any insurance recoveries for litigation settlements and defense costs are recorded when such recoveries are deemed probable and collectability is reasonably assured. Such recoveries are recorded in the same financial statement line as the related costs to which the recoveries relate.
Refer to Note 13 – Contingencies and Litigation to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding loss contingencies.
Goodwill
For acquired businesses, the Company records the acquired assets and assumed liabilities based on their relative fair values at the date of acquisitions (commonly referred to as the purchase price allocation). Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid in excess of the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. For the Company’s business acquisitions, the purchase price is allocated to identifiable intangible assets separate from goodwill if they are from contractual or other legal rights, or if they could be separated from the acquired business and sold, transferred, licensed, rented or exchanged.
The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently if an event or change in circumstances indicate the asset may be impaired. Impairment testing for goodwill is done at the reporting unit level.
As of January 1, 2022, the Company underwent an internal reorganization in its Commercial reportable segment resulting in the previous four Commercial operating segments being combined into one single operating segment and reporting unit, led by a single segment manager.
The Company considered the reorganization in the first quarter of 2022 a triggering event and performed an interim qualitative goodwill impairment assessment of the reporting units before and after the reorganization and concluded no impairment existed at the time of the change.
Additionally, as part of the reorganization in the first quarter of 2022, certain clients were reassigned from the Government Services reportable segment to the Commercial reportable segment (refer to Note 4 – Segment Reporting to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information). This change resulted in less than 1% of goodwill being reallocated between the reporting units within the two reportable segments.