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Basis of Presentation, Business Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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May 31, 2014
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
BASIS OF PRESENTATION, BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | BASIS OF PRESENTATION, BUSINESS DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 1. Basis of Presentation and Description of Business The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of AngioDynamics, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, RITA Medical Systems, LLC, AngioDynamics UK Limited, AngioDynamics Netherlands B.V., NM Holding Company, Inc. (Navilyst) since May 22, 2012 and Vortex Medical, Inc. since October 15, 2012, and Clinical Devices B.V. since August 15, 2013, (collectively, the “Company”). We design, manufacture and sell a wide range of medical, surgical and diagnostic devices used by professional healthcare providers for vascular access, for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in oncology and surgical settings. Our devices are generally used in minimally invasive, image-guided procedures. Most of our products are intended to be used once and then discarded, or they may be temporarily implanted for short- or long-term use. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Effective June 1, 2012, we consider our business to be a single segment entity – the development, manufacture and sale on a global basis of medical devices for vascular access, surgery, peripheral vascular disease and oncology. Our chief operating decision maker (CEO) evaluates the various global product portfolios on a net sales basis. Executives reporting in to the CEO include those responsible for operations and supply chain management, research and development, sales, franchise marketing and certain corporate functions. The CEO evaluates profitability, investment and cash flow metrics on a consolidated worldwide basis due to shared infrastructure and resources. Prior to fiscal year 2013, our business was organized as two segments: Vascular and Oncology/Surgery, each under the direction of a general manager with direct responsibility for all sales, marketing and product development activities. Regulatory Matters On May 27, 2011, we received a Warning Letter from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") in connection with its inspection of our Queensbury, NY manufacturing facility. In the Warning Letter, FDA cited deficiencies in the response letter we provided FDA pertaining to the inspection that occurred from January 4 to January 13, 2011. The deficiencies related to our internal procedures for medical device reporting, corrections and removals and complaint handling. We responded to the Warning Letter and completed corrective and preventive actions to address the observations noted. In December 2011, we initiated a comprehensive Quality Call to Action Program to review and augment our Quality Management Systems at our Queensbury facility. To accelerate implementation of the program, we engaged a team of external regulatory and quality experts and reallocated a significant number of engineering and product development resources to support this corporate initiative. From inception of the Quality Call to Action Program through fiscal 2014, we have incurred $3.2 million in direct costs associated with the program. On February 10, 2012, we received from FDA a Form 483, List of Investigational Observations, in connection with its inspection of our Queensbury facility from November 14, 2011 to February 10, 2012. The Form 483 contained 12 observations related to, among other things, our CAPA (Corrective and Preventive Action) system, MDR (Medical Device Reporting), complaint investigation, corrections and removals, acceptance criteria and training. Some of the observations contained in the Form 483 were repeat observations from the May 27, 2011 Warning Letter described above. On February 13, 2012, we received from FDA a Form 483 in connection with its inspection of our Fremont facility from January 12, 2012 to February 13, 2012. The Form 483 contained six observations related to, among other things, our CAPA system, design controls, risk management and training. We provided responses to FDA within 15 business days of our receipt of the Form 483s. On September 24, 2012, we received from FDA a Form 483 in connection with its subsequent inspection of our Queensbury, NY facility from September 6 to September 14, and September 19 to September 24. This re-inspection followed our response to the original Form 483 issued by FDA on February 13, 2012. The Form 483 contained 5 observations related to 510(k) decisions, complaint investigations, acceptance criteria, corrective and preventive actions and training. All but one of the observations in the Form 483 related to events that occurred before the date that we had indicated to FDA in our previous responses that our corrective and remediation activities related to our Quality Call to Action would be completed. We provided responses to FDA within 15 business days of our receipt of the Form 483. On February 4, 2014, FDA completed a comprehensive follow-up inspection of our Queensbury facility. The inspection began on January 14, 2014 and resulted in FDA issuing a Form 483 containing one observation. The observation related to the inconsistency of certain complaint investigation elements in certain devices that have hardware and disposable components. The Form 483 observation was annotated to reflect that during the inspection we had corrected the issue, and this correction was verified by the inspector. In addition, we provided a response to FDA within 15 business days of our receipt of the Form 483. We believe that the results of this inspection validate that all of the Quality System and current Good Manufacturing Practice issues raised in the 483s described above have been fully addressed. On March 31, 2014, FDA completed an inspection of our Glens Falls, NY facility. The inspection began on March 17, 2014 and resulted in FDA issuing a form 483 containing 3 observations. The observations were related to 1) inconsistency of a manufacturing product test process used among similar products, 2) a particular verification test of a product, and 3) non-conforming product control procedure. We responded to the FDA within 15 business days of the receipt of the Form 483. During the fourth quarter of our fiscal year ended May 31, 2014, we received Certificate to Foreign Governments (CFGs) from the FDA covering all Vascular Access and Peripheral Vascular products manufactured in our Queensbury facility. We will continue to work closely with FDA to resolve any outstanding issues. Unless the items raised in the previously disclosed Warning Letters and Form 483s are corrected to FDA’s satisfaction or we come to some other arrangement with FDA finally resolving such matters, we may be subject to additional regulatory or legal action, including the issuance of warning letters, injunction, seizure or recall of products, imposition of fines or penalties or operating restrictions on our facilities. Such actions could significantly disrupt our ongoing business and operations and have a material adverse impact on our financial position and operating results. Fiscal Year We report on a fiscal year ending May 31. Cash and Cash Equivalents We consider all unrestricted highly liquid investments purchased with an initial maturity of less than three months to be cash equivalents. We maintain cash and cash equivalent balances with financial institutions in the United States in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Marketable Securities Marketable securities, which are principally government agency bonds, auction rate investments and corporate commercial paper, are classified as “available-for-sale securities” and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from operations and reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of the related tax effects, in stockholders’ equity. Cost is determined using the specific identification method. We hold investments in auction rate securities in order to generate higher than typical money market rate investment returns. Auction rate securities typically are high credit quality, generally achieved with municipal bond insurance. Credit risks are eased by the historical track record of bond insurers, which back a majority of this market. Sell orders for any security traded through an auction process could exceed bids and, in such cases, the auction fails and we may be unable to liquidate our position in the securities in the near term. During fiscal years 2014 and 2013, we had 1.8 million in investments in two auction rate securities issued by New York state and local government authorities that failed auctions. The authorities are current in their interest payments on the securities. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable, principally trade, are generally due within 30 to 90 days and are stated at amounts due from customers, net of an allowance for sales returns and doubtful accounts. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and adjust credit limits based upon payment history and the customer’s current creditworthiness, as determined by a review of their current credit information. We continuously monitor aging reports, collections and payments from customers, and a provision for estimated credit losses is maintained based upon our historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that have been identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our expectations and the provisions established, we cannot guarantee that the same credit loss rates will be experienced in the future. We write off accounts receivable when they are determined to be uncollectible. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (using the first-in, first-out method) or market. Appropriate consideration is given to deterioration, obsolescence and other factors in evaluating net realizable value. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. We evaluate these assets for impairment periodically or as changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events suggest the remaining value is not recoverable. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Renewals and betterments are capitalized. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Intangible assets other than goodwill, indefinite-lived trademarks and acquired IPR&D are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which range between three and twenty years, on either a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit or as revenues are earned from the sales of the related products. We periodically review the estimated useful lives of our intangible assets and review such assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets is not recoverable. Our determination of impairment is based on estimates of future cash flows. If an intangible asset is considered to be impaired, the amount of the impairment will equal the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of the asset. Acquired IPR&D has an indefinite life and is not amortized until completion and development of the project, at which time the IPR&D becomes an amortizable asset. If the related project is not completed in a timely manner or the project is terminated or abandoned, we may have an impairment related to the IPR&D, calculated as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. As of May 31, 2014, we have one IPR&D asset which was acquired as part of the Clinical Devices acquisition with a value of $3.6 million. Our policy defines IPR&D as the value assigned to those projects for which the related products have not received regulatory approval and have no alternative future use. Determining the portion of the purchase price allocated to IPR&D requires us to make significant estimates. The amount of the purchase price allocated to IPR&D is determined by estimating the future cash flows of each project or technology and discounting the net cash flows back to their present values. The discount rate used is determined at the time of measurement in accordance with accepted valuation methods. These methodologies include consideration of the risk of the project not achieving commercial feasibility. At the time of acquisition, we expect that all acquired IPR&D will reach technological feasibility, but there can be no assurance that the commercial viability of these products will actually be achieved. The nature of the efforts to develop the acquired technologies into commercially viable products consists principally of planning, designing, and conducting clinical trials necessary to obtain regulatory approvals. The risks associated with achieving commercialization include, but are not limited to, delay or failure to obtain regulatory approvals to conduct clinical trials, delay or failure to obtain required market clearances, or delays or issues with patent issuance, or validity and litigation. If commercial viability were not achieved, we would likely look to other alternatives to provide these therapies. Goodwill and other intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but rather, are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in each business combination. Goodwill and intangible assets have been recorded at either incurred or allocated cost. Allocated costs were based on respective fair market values at the date of acquisition. We have one intangible asset which has been assigned an indefinite life, the NAMIC trademark that was acquired as part of our acquisition of Navilyst, and is valued at $28.6 million. For goodwill, the impairment test requires a comparison of the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to which the goodwill is assigned to the sum of the carrying value of the assets and liabilities of that unit. If the sum of the carrying value of the assets and liabilities of a reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill is reduced to its implied fair value through an adjustment to the goodwill balance, resulting in an impairment charge. Our determination of impairment is based on estimates of future cash flows. Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue when the following four basic criteria has been met: (i) persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (ii) the price is fixed or determinable; (iii) collectability is reasonably assured; and (iv) product delivery has occurred or services have been rendered. We recognize revenue, net of sales taxes assessed by any governmental authority, as products are shipped, based on shipping terms, and when title and risk of loss passes to customers. We negotiate shipping and credit terms on a customer-by-customer basis and products are shipped at an agreed upon price. All product returns must be pre-approved by us and customers may be subject to a 20% restocking charge. To be accepted, a returned product must be unadulterated, undamaged and have at least twelve months remaining prior to its expiration date. Research and Development Research and development costs, including salaries, consulting fees, building costs, utilities and administrative expenses are related to developing new products, enhancing existing products, validating new and enhanced products, managing clinical, regulatory and medical affairs and our intellectual property and are expensed as incurred. Shipping and Handling Costs Shipping and handling costs, associated with the distribution of finished products to customers, are recorded in costs of goods sold and are recognized when the related finished product is shipped to the customer. Amounts charged to customers for shipping are recorded in net sales. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards for which income tax benefits are expected to be realized in future years. A valuation allowance has been established to reduce deferred tax assets, if it is more likely than not that all, or some portion, of such deferred tax assets will not be realized. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period which includes the enactment date. The deferred tax asset includes net operating losses acquired as part of the acquisitions of Rita, Vortex and Navilyst. These losses could be significantly limited under Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Section 382. An analysis of RITA’s ownership changes as defined in IRC Section 382 shows that approximately $15.8 million (of which $7.1 million had expired as of May 31, 2014) of federal net operating losses will not be utilized due to limitations. In addition, it is estimated that $13.6 million of Rita state net operating losses will expire prior to utilization. An analysis of Vortex’s ownership changes as defined in IRC Section 382 shows that all net operating losses will be utilized prior to expiration. A similar analysis of Navilyst’s ownership changes as defined in IRS Section 382 shows that approximately $17.5 million of federal net operating losses will not be utilized due to limitations. In addition, it is estimated that $13.0 million of Navilyst’s state net operating losses will expire prior to utilization. The gross deferred tax asset related to the net operating losses reflects these limitations. We intend to reinvest indefinitely any of our unrepatriated foreign earnings as of May 31, 2014, therefore, we have not provided for U.S. income taxes on these undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries. If these earnings were distributed, we may be subject to both foreign withholding taxes and U.S. income taxes. Determination of the amount of this unrecognized deferred income tax liability is not practical. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, marketable securities, accounts payable, interest rate swap agreement and contingent earn outs related to the acquisitions of Vortex, Microsulis and Clinical Devices. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, marketable securities and accounts payable approximates fair value due to the immediate or short-term maturities. The interest rate swap agreement has been recorded at its fair value based on a valuation received from an independent third party. Marketable securities, with the exception of one auction rate security, are carried at their fair value as determined by quoted market prices. The contingent earn out has been recorded at fair value using the income approach. Our accounting policy defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This policy establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The policy describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value which are provided in the table below.
Level 1 | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets include bank time deposits, money market funds, mutual funds and U.S. Treasury securities that are traded in an active exchange market.
Level 2 | Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 assets include US government securities and corporate bonds. When quoted market prices are unobservable, we obtain pricing information from an independent pricing vendor. The pricing vendor uses various pricing models for each asset class that are consistent with what other market participants would use. The inputs and assumptions to the model of the pricing vendor are derived from market observable sources including: benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and other market-related data. Since many fixed income securities do not trade on a daily basis, the methodology of the pricing vendor uses available information as applicable such as benchmark curves, benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings, and matrix pricing. The pricing vendor considers all available market observable inputs in determining the evaluation for a security. Thus, certain securities may not be priced using quoted prices, but rather determined from market observable information. These investments are included in Level 2 and primarily comprise our portfolio of corporate and government fixed income securities. Additionally included in Level 2 are interest rate swap agreements which are valued using a mid-market valuation model.
Level 3 | Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. This category currently includes the auction rate securities where independent pricing information was not able to be obtained and the contingent Earn out related to the acquisition of Vortex and Microsulis. Our investments in auction-rate securities were classified as Level 3 as quoted prices were unavailable since these auction rate securities issued by New York state and local government authorities failed auction. Due to limited market information, we utilized a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model to derive an estimate of fair value for all periods presented. The assumptions used in preparing the DCF model included estimates with respect to the amount and timing of future interest and principal payments, forward projections of the interest rate benchmarks, the probability of full repayment of the principal considering the credit quality and guarantees in place, and the rate of return required by investors to own such securities given the current liquidity risk associated with auction-rate securities. The contingent earn outs were valued utilizing a discounted cash flow method as detailed below.
The following tables provide information by level for assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value (in thousands):
| Fair Value Measurements using inputs considered as: |  |
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Fair Value at May 31, 2014
Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 445 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 445 |
Total | 445 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 445 |
Marketable securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. government agency obligations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,809 |  |  | 1,809 |
Total | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,809 |  |  | 1,809 |
Total Financial Assets | 445 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,809 |  |  | 2,254 |
Financial Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap agreements | — |  |  | 555 |  |  | — |  |  | 555 |
Contingent liability for acquisition earn out | — |  |  | — |  |  | 67,421 |  |  | 67,421 |
Total Financial Liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 555 |  |  | $ | 67,421 |  |  | $ | 67,976 |
| Fair Value Measurements using inputs considered as: |  |
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Fair Value at May 31, 2013
Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 114 |
Total | 114 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 114 |
Marketable securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bond securities | — |  |  | 303 |  |  | — |  |  | 303 |
U.S. government agency obligations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,850 |  |  | 1,850 |
Total | — |  |  | 303 |  |  | 1,850 |  |  | 2,153 |
Total Financial Assets | 114 |  |  | 303 |  |  | 1,850 |  |  | 2,267 |
Financial Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap agreements | — |  |  | 522 |  |  | — |  |  | 522 |
Contingent liability for acquisition earn out | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75,049 |  |  | 75,049 |
Total Financial Liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 522 |  |  | $ | 75,049 |  |  | $ | 75,571 |
There were no transfers in and out of Level 1 and 2 measurements for the year ended May 31, 2014. During the year ended May 31, 2013, the Vortex and Microsulis contingent earn outs discussed below were added to Level 3 fair value instruments. The components of Level 3 fair value instruments as of May 31, 2014 are shown below (in thousands):
| Financial Assets |  | Financial Liabilities
| Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
Balance at May 31, 2013 | $ | 1,850 |  |  | $ | 75,049 |
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): |  |  |  |  |
Earnings revaluation gain - Included in earnings | — |  |  | (4,994 | )
Earnings revaluation expense - Included in earnings | — |  |  | 3,276 |
Included in other comprehensive income | (16 | ) |  | — |
Purchases, issuances and settlements | (25 | ) |  | (10,880 | )
Transfers in and/or (out) of Level 3 | — |  |  | — |
Contingent consideration - Clinical Devices | — |  |  | 4,970 |
Balance at May 31, 2014 | $ | 1,809 |  |  | $ | 67,421 |
Contingent Liability for Acquisition Earn Outs Certain of our business combinations involve the potential for the payment of future contingent consideration upon the achievement of certain product development milestones and/or various other favorable operating conditions. Payment of the additional consideration is generally contingent on the acquired company reaching certain performance milestones, including attaining specified revenue levels or achieving product development targets. Contingent consideration is recorded at the estimated fair value of the contingent milestone payments on the acquisition date. The fair value of the contingent milestone consideration is remeasured at the estimated fair value at each reporting period with the change in fair value recognized as income or expense within change in fair value of contingent consideration in the consolidated statements of income. We measure the initial liability and remeasure the liability on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs as defined under authoritative guidance for fair value measurements. Contingent consideration liabilities will be remeasured to fair value each reporting period using projected net sales, discount rates, probabilities of payment and projected payment dates. Projected contingent payment amounts are discounted back to the current period using a discounted cash flow model. Projected net sales are based on our internal projections and extensive analysis of the target market and the sales potential. Increases in projected net sales and probabilities of payment may result in higher fair value measurements in the future. Increases in discount rates and the projected time to payment may result in lower fair value measurements in the future. Increases or decreases in any valuation inputs in isolation may result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement in the future. The recurring Level 3 fair value measurements of the contingent consideration liability related to the Vortex and Microsulis acquisitions include the following significant unobservable inputs ($ in thousands):
| Fair value at May 31, 2014 |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range
Revenue based payments | $ | 64,051 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Discount rate Probability of payment Projected fiscal year of payment |  | 4% - 10% 75% - 100% 2015 - 2022
Milestone based payments | 3,370 |  |  | Discounted cash flow |  | Discount rate Probability of payment Projected fiscal year of payment |  | 16% 75% - 100% 2015
| $ | 67,421 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
At May 31, 2014, the estimated potential amount of undiscounted future contingent consideration that we expect to pay as a result of all completed acquisitions is approximately $78.1 million. The milestones associated with the contingent consideration must be reached in future periods ranging from fiscal years 2015 to 2022 in order for the consideration to be paid. The fair value of contingent milestone payments associated with the acquisitions was remeasured as of May 31, 2014 and $51.1 million was reflected in “Contingent consideration, net of current portion” and $16.3 million was reflected in “Current portion of contingent consideration” on the consolidated balance sheet. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of contingent milestone payments associated with the Vortex, Microsulis and Clinical Devices acquisitions measured at fair value that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):
Balance at May 31, 2013 | $ | 75,049 |
Purchase price contingent consideration | 4,970 |
Contingent payments | (10,880 | )
Earnings revaluation gain | (4,994 | )
Earnings revaluation expense | 3,276 |
Balance at May 31, 2014 | $ | 67,421 |
Derivative Financial Instruments We are exposed to market risk due to changes in interest rates. We periodically enter into certain derivative financial instruments to hedge the underlying economic exposure. The derivative instruments used are floating-to-fixed rate interest rate swaps, which are subject to cash flow hedge accounting treatment. The cash flow hedge was terminated in May 2012 in conjunction with the early payoff of the related debt. We recognized interest expense of $61,000 in fiscal 2012, on the cash flow hedge. In accordance with authoritative guidance on Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging Activities, as amended, our 2002 interest rate swap agreement qualified for hedge accounting under GAAP and the 2006 interest rate swap agreement did not. Both were presented in the consolidated financial statements at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments were either recognized periodically in income or in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) depending on whether the derivative financial instrument qualifies for hedge accounting and, if so, whether it qualifies as a fair value or cash flow hedge. Generally, the changes in the fair value of derivatives accounted for as fair value hedges are recorded in income along with the portions of the changes in the fair value of hedged items that relate to the hedged risks. Changes in the fair value of derivatives accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are effective as hedges, are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Both the 2002 and the 2006 swap agreements were terminated in May 2012 in conjunction with the early payoff of the related debt. In June 2012, we entered in an interest rate swap agreement, with an initial notional amount of $100 million, to limit the effect of variability due to interest rates on the loan. The Swap Agreement, which qualifies for hedge accounting under authoritative guidance, is a contract to exchange floating interest rate payments for fixed interest rate payments of 3.26% of the outstanding balance of the loan over the life of the agreement without the exchange of the underlying notional amounts. Stock-Based Compensation We recognize compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to our employees and directors including employee stock options and employee stock purchases related to our Stock Purchase Plan based on estimated fair values. We recognize compensation expense for our stock awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. The amount of stock-based compensation recognized is based on the value of the portion of awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Guidance requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The term “forfeitures” is distinct from “cancellations” or “expirations” and represents only the unvested portion of the surrendered option. We currently expect, based on an analysis of our historical forfeitures, that approximately 88% of our options will vest annually, and we have therefore applied a 12% annual forfeiture rate in determining the stock-based compensation charge recorded. We will re-evaluate this estimate periodically and adjust the forfeiture rate on a prospective basis as necessary. At the end of the vesting period, the actual stock-based compensation expense recognized will only be for those shares that actually vest. For the fiscal years ended May 31, 2014, May 31, 2013 and May 31, 2012, we used the Black-Scholes option-pricing model (“Black-Scholes”) as our method of valuation and a single option award approach. This fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. The fair value of share based payment awards on the date of the grant as determined by the Black-Scholes model is affected by our stock price as well as other assumptions. These assumptions include, but are not limited to the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, and a risk-free interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on factual data derived from public sources. The expected stock-price volatility and option life assumptions require significant judgment which makes them critical accounting estimates. We utilize our historical volatility when estimating expected stock price volatility. We use yield rates on U.S. Treasury securities for a period approximating the expected term of the award to estimate the risk-free interest rate. The expected term is based on our actual historical experience. The dividend yield is based on the history and expectation of dividend payments. We have not paid dividends in the past nor do we expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. Earnings Per Common Share Basic earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding without consideration of potential common stock. Diluted earnings per share further includes the dilutive effect of potential common stock consisting of stock options, warrants, restricted stock units and shares issuable upon conversion of convertible debt into shares of common stock, provided that the inclusion of such securities is not antidilutive. For the period ended May 31, 2014, options and restricted stock units issued to employees and non-employees to purchase approximately 2.3 million shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per common share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per common share are options and restricted stock units issued to employees and non-employees to purchase approximately 2.9 million shares of common stock at May 31, 2013 as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive compared with options and restricted stock units issued to employees and non-employees to purchase approximately 2.3 million shares of common stock at May 31, 2012. The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the weighted-average number of common shares:
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2012
Basic | 35,135,689 |  |  | 34,817,279 |  |  | 25,382,293 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 304,161 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Diluted | 35,439,850 |  |  | 34,817,279 |  |  | 25,382,293 |
Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates also affect reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Supplier Concentrations We are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers to provide products on a timely basis and on favorable pricing terms. The loss of our principal suppliers or a significant reduction in product availability from these suppliers could have a material adverse effect on us. We believe that our relationships with these suppliers are satisfactory. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2013, the FASB expanded the disclosure requirements related to changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). The new guidance requires disclosure of the amount of income (or loss) reclassified out of AOCI to each respective line item on the statement of operations where net income is presented. The guidance allows disclosure of the reclassification either in the notes to the financial statements or parenthetically on the face of the financial statements. This requirement was effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012 (fourth quarter of our fiscal year 2013). Since the guidance only impacts disclosure requirements, its adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In July 2013, the FASB issued guidance related to the presentation of certain tax information. This new pronouncement provides explicit guidance on the financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, or similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists. This pronouncement was effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2013 (our fiscal year 2015). Since the guidance only impacts presentation requirements, its adoption will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 provides a single, comprehensive accounting model for revenues arising from contracts with customers that supersedes most of the existing revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. Under this model, revenue is recognized at an amount that an entity expects to be entitled to upon transferring control of goods or services to a customer, as opposed to when risks and rewards transfer to a customer under existing revenue recognition guidance. ASU 201-09 is effective for the Company beginning in its fiscal year 2018, and may be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented or through a cumulative adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance in the year of adoption. The Company is currently in the process of evaluation the impact of ASU 2014-09 on its consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure, and significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. May be provided in more than one note to the financial statements, as long as users are provided with an understanding of (1) the significant judgments and assumptions made by an enterprise in determining whether it must consolidate a VIE and/or disclose information about its involvement with a VIE, (2) the nature of restrictions on a consolidated VIE's assets reported by an enterprise in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets, (3) the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprise's involvement with the VIE, and (4) how an enterprise's involvement with the VIE affects the enterprise's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Describes procedure if disclosures are provided in more than one note to the financial statements. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6927468&loc=d3e6003-108592 + Details
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