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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Flotek Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries it controls. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company does not have investments in any unconsolidated subsidiaries. Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. Cash Management The Company uses a controlled disbursement account for its main cash account. Under this system, outstanding checks can be in excess of the cash balances at the bank before the disbursement account is funded, creating a book overdraft. Book overdrafts on this account are presented as a current liability in accounts payable in the consolidated balance sheets. Restricted Cash The Company’s restricted cash consists of cash that the Company is contractually obligated to maintain in accordance with the terms of its credit card program with a financial institution and as of December 31, 2021 an amount held in escrow of $1.75 million for amounts due under the terms of the legal settlement discussed in Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Accounts receivable arise from product sales and services and are stated at estimated net realizable value. This value incorporates an allowance for doubtful accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on accounts receivable balances. The Company regularly evaluates its accounts receivable to estimate amounts that will not be collected and records the appropriate provision for doubtful accounts as a charge to operating expenses. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a combination of the age of the receivables, individual customer circumstances, credit conditions, and historical write-offs and collections. The Company writes off specific accounts receivable when they are determined to be uncollectible. The recovery of accounts receivable previously written off is recorded as a reduction to the provision for doubtful accounts charged to operating expense. The majority of the Company’s customers are engaged in the energy industry. The cyclical nature of the energy industry may affect customers’ operating performance and cash flows, which directly impact the Company’s ability to collect on outstanding obligations. Additionally, certain customers are located in international areas that are inherently subject to risks of economic, political, and civil instability, which can impact the collectability of receivables. Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows (in thousands):
| Years ended December 31,
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  |
Balance, beginning of year | $ | 1,316 |  |  | $ | 1,527 |  |  |
Charges to provision for doubtful accounts, net of recoveries | (127) |  |  | 652 |  |  |
Write-offs | (530) |  |  | (863) |  |  |
Balance, end of year | $ | 659 |  |  | $ | 1,316 |  |  |
Inventories Inventories consist of raw materials and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost determined using the weighted-average cost method, or net realizable value. Finished goods inventories include raw materials, direct labor and production overhead. The Company periodically reviews inventories on hand and current market conditions to determine if the cost of raw materials and finished goods inventories exceed current market prices and impairs the cost basis of the inventory accordingly. Obsolete inventory or inventory in excess of management’s estimated usage requirement is written down to its net realizable value if those amounts are determined to be less than cost. Write-downs or write-offs of inventory are charged to cost of goods sold. Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. The cost of ordinary maintenance and repair is charged to operating expense, while replacement of critical components and major improvements are capitalized. Depreciation or amortization of property and equipment, including right-of-use assets (“ROU”), is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life as follows:
Buildings and leasehold improvements | 2-30 years
Machinery and equipment | 7-10 years
Furniture and fixtures | 3 years
Land improvements | 20 years
Transportation equipment | 2-5 years
Computer equipment and software | 3-7 years
Property and equipment, including ROU assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable, the Company first compares the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposal of the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset or asset group exceeds the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposal of the asset, the Company will determine the fair value of the asset or asset group. The amount of impairment loss recognized is the excess of the asset or asset group’s carrying amount over its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values, and third party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. Assets to be disposed of are reported as assets held for sale at the lower of the carrying amount or the asset’s fair value less cost to sell and depreciation is ceased. Upon sale or other disposition of an asset, the Company recognizes a gain or loss on disposal measured as the difference between the net carrying amount of the asset and the net proceeds received. Goodwill Goodwill is the excess of cost of an acquired entity over the amounts assigned to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Goodwill is not subject to amortization but is tested for impairment annually on October 1 or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate a potential impairment. When performing the annual impairment test, the Company has the option to assess whether a goodwill impairment exists using either a qualitative or quantitative assessment. The qualitative assessment involves determining whether events or circumstances exist that indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount or if the Company elects not to perform a qualitative assessment, a quantitative impairment test is performed to determine whether goodwill impairment exists at the reporting unit. The quantitative impairment test, used to identify both the existence of impairment and the amount of impairment loss, compares the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. To determine fair value estimates, the Company uses the income approach based on discounted cash flow analyses, combined, when appropriate, with a market-based approach. Under the income approach, the fair value of the reporting unit was determined based on the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at an appropriate risk-adjusted rate. We used our internal forecasts, updated for recent events, to estimate future cash flows with cash flows beyond the specific operating plans estimated using a terminal value calculation, which incorporates historical and forecasted trends, including an estimate of long-term future growth rates, based on our most recent views of the long-term outlook for the reporting unit. We derive our discount rate using a capital asset pricing model and analyzing published rates for industries relevant to the reporting unit to estimate the cost of equity financing. We use discount rates that are commensurate with the risks and uncertainties inherent in the respective business and in our internally developed forecasts. The market-based approach considers valuation comparisons of recent public sale transactions of similar businesses and earnings multiples of publicly traded businesses operating in industries consistent with the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Fair Value Measurements The Company categorizes financial assets and liabilities using a three-tier fair value hierarchy, based on the nature of the inputs used to determine fair value. Inputs refer broadly to assumptions that market participants would use to value an asset or liability and may be observable or unobservable. When determining the fair value of assets and liabilities, the Company uses the most reliable measurement available. See Note 13, “Fair Value Measurements.” Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company recognizes revenue based on a five-step model when all of the following criteria have been met: (i) a contract with a customer exists, (ii) performance obligations have been identified, (iii) the price to the customer has been determined, (iv) the price to the customer has been allocated to the performance obligations, and (v) performance obligations are satisfied. Products and services are sold with fixed or determinable prices. Certain sales include right of return provisions, which are considered when recognizing revenue and deferred accordingly. Deposits and other funds received in advance of delivery are deferred until the transfer of control is complete. The Company applies several practical expedients including: •Sales commissions are expensed as selling, general and administrative expenses when incurred because the amortization period is generally one year or less. •The majority of the Company’s services are short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. As a result the Company does not disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations. •The Company’s payment terms are short-term in nature with settlements of one year or less. As a result the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component. •In most service contracts, the Company has the right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance obligations completed to date and as such the Company recognizes revenue in the amount to which it has a right to invoice. •The Company excludes from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected by the entity from a customer. Such taxes are included in accrued liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet until remitted to the governmental agency. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of goods sold on our consolidated statement of operations. Foreign Currency Translation Financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are prepared using the currency of the primary economic environment of the foreign subsidiaries as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect as of the end of identified reporting periods. Revenue and expense transactions are translated using the average monthly exchange rate for the reporting period. Resultant translation adjustments are recognized as other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity. Comprehensive Loss Comprehensive loss encompasses all changes in stockholders’ equity, except those arising from investments from and distributions to stockholders. The Company’s comprehensive loss includes consolidated net loss and foreign currency translation adjustments. Research and Development Costs Expenditures for research activities relating to product development and improvement are charged to expense as incurred. Income Taxes Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the tax rates expected to be in effect when the differences reverse. Deferred tax assets are also recognized for operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The establishment of a valuation allowance requires significant judgment and is impacted by various estimates. Both positive and negative evidence, as well as the objectivity and verifiability of that evidence, is considered in determining the appropriateness of recording a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as income tax expense. Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation expense, related to stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units, is recognized based on their grant-date fair values. The Company recognizes compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Estimated forfeitures are based on historical experience. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant items subject to estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount and useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets; goodwill, property and equipment and intangible asset impairment assessments; allocation of purchase price in business combinations; stock-based compensation expense; and valuation allowances for accounts receivable, inventories, and deferred tax assets. Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts in the consolidated statement of operations and consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.. In the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company changed its financial statement presentation to report cost of goods sold and gross profit (loss) and eliminated the reporting of operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization) on the consolidated statements of operations to conform to customary industry reporting practices. In connection with this change in presentation, the Company reclassified selling costs of $6.5 million to selling, general and administrative expenses which were previously reported in operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020. The reclassifications and change in presentation of the statements of operations did not impact previously recorded net loss and stockholders’ equity. Business Combinations The Company includes the results of operations of its acquisitions in its consolidated results, prospectively from the date of acquisition. The Company allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interests in the acquired entity generally based on their fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of these assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interests in the acquired entity is recorded as goodwill. The primary items that generate goodwill include the value of the synergies between the acquired company and Flotek and the value of the acquired assembled workforce. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business acquisition and are recognized as expenses as incurred. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). We evaluate the applicability and impact of all authoritative guidance issued by the FASB. Guidance not listed below was assessed and determined to be either not applicable, clarifications of items listed below, immaterial or already adopted by the Company. New Accounting Standards Issued But Not Adopted as of December 31, 2021 The FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.” This standard removes specific exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The pronouncement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted for public companies for periods in which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company evaluated the impact of this standard and determined that there is no impact on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This standard replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects estimates of expected credit losses over their contractual life that are recorded at inception based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The pronouncement is effective for smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard, including subsequent amendments, on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, “Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity.” This standard changes the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models, amends the requirements for a conversion option to be classified in equity and amends diluted earnings per share calculations for certain convertible debt instruments. The pronouncement is effective for smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption allowed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company has adopted this standard on January 1, 2022, and is evaluating the impact of this standard, on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, “Government Assistance (Topic 832); Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance.” This standard provides guidance on disclosures for transactions with a government that are accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy. The pronouncement is effective for fiscals years beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the basis of presentation and significant accounting policies concepts. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS). Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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