EX-3.6 2 ex36-floteksecondamendedan.htm EX-3.6
Exhibit 3.6
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
BYLAWS
OF
FLOTEK INDUSTRIES, INC.
A Delaware Corporation
ARTICLE I
REGISTERED OFFICE
The registered office of the Corporation required by the Delaware General Corporation Law to be maintained in the State of Delaware, shall be the registered office named in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, or such other office (which need not be a place of business or principal place of business of the Corporation) as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors in the manner provided by law.
ARTICLE II
STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. Place of Meetings. All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at the principal place of business of the Corporation, or at such other place within or without the State of Delaware as shall be specified or fixed in the notices (or waivers of notice) thereof. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of the stockholders not be held at a place, but instead be held solely by means of remote communication in the manner and to the extent permitted by applicable law.
Section 2. Quorum; Adjournment of Meetings. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, present in person or represented by proxy thereat (determined based on the relative number of votes to which each share is entitled with respect to the election of directors), shall constitute a quorum at any such meeting for the transaction of business. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of sufficient stockholders to destroy the quorum. Notwithstanding other provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the chairman of the meeting of stockholders or the holders of a majority of the stock, present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereat, whether or not a quorum is present, shall have the power to adjourn such meeting from time to time, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof and the means of remote communication, if any, are provided in accordance with applicable law. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if subsequent to the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented by proxy, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. If authorized by the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board of Directors may adopt, stockholders and proxy holders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may by means of remote communication, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law: (a) participate in a meeting of stockholders, and (b) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication.
Section 3. Annual Meetings. An annual meeting of the stockholders, for the election of directors to succeed those whose terms expire and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be considered at the meeting, shall be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication, on such date, and at such time as the Board of Directors shall fix and set forth in the notice of the meeting. If the Board of Directors has not fixed a place for the holding of the annual meeting of stockholders in accordance with this Article
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II, Section 3, and has not determined that the annual meeting shall be held by means of remote communication, such annual meeting shall be held at the principal place of business of the Corporation. The Corporation may postpone, reschedule or cancel any annual meeting of stockholders previously scheduled by the Board of Directors.
Section 4. Special Meetings. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, special meetings of the stockholders for any proper purpose or purposes may be called at any time only by the Chairman of the Board (if any), the Board of Directors, or the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The Corporation may postpone, reschedule or cancel any special meeting of stockholders previously scheduled by the Board of Directors.
Section 5. Record Date. For the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing such record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days prior to the date of such meeting. If the Board of Directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination.
If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice of such meeting is given or, if notice is waived in accordance with Article VIII, Section 3 of these Bylaws, the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting of stockholders is held.
If, in accordance with Article II, Section 12 hereof, corporate action without a meeting of stockholders is to be taken, the Board of Directors may fix a record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent in writing to such corporate action, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than ten (10) days subsequent to the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors.
If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office, its principal place of business, or to an officer or to agent of the Corporation having custody of the books in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in connection with any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action (other than one of the purposes addressed in the first paragraph of this Section 5 of this Article II), the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
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Section 6. Notice of Meetings. Written notice stating the place, if any, means of remote communication, if any, day and hour of all meetings and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the date of the meeting, either personally, by mail, or by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law, by or at the direction of the CEO, the Secretary or the officer or person calling the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to have been given when addressed to the stockholder, at his address as it appears on the share transfer records of the Corporation, postage prepaid, and deposited in the United States mail. An affidavit of the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, the transfer agent or another agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
Section 7. Voting List. The Corporation shall prepare and make, no later than the tenth day before each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting or any adjournment thereof, arranged in alphabetical order, with the address of and the number of shares held by each, which list, for a period of ten (10) days ending on the day before the meeting date, shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting: (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list was provided with the notice of the meeting; or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. Except as provided by applicable law, the stock ledger of the Corporation shall be the only evidence as to the identity of those stockholders entitled to examine such voting list or to vote at any meeting of stockholders. Failure to comply with the requirements of this Article II, Section 7 shall not affect the validity of any action taken at such meeting.
Section 8. Proxies. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent, or dissent to a corporate action in writing without a meeting, may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy. Proxies for use at any meeting of stockholders shall be filed with the Secretary, or such other officer as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine by resolution, prior to or at the time of such meeting. All proxies shall be received and taken charge of and all ballots shall be received and canvassed by the secretary of the meeting who shall also decide all questions with respect to the validity of such proxies, the qualification of voters, and the acceptance or rejection of votes, unless an inspector or inspectors shall have been appointed by the chairman of the meeting, in which event such inspector or inspectors shall decide all such questions.
No proxy shall be valid after three (3) years from the date of its execution, unless such proxy provides for a longer period. Each proxy, unless expressly provided therein to be irrevocable and coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power, shall be revocable.
Should a proxy designate two or more persons to act as proxies, unless such instrument shall expressly provide otherwise, a majority of such persons present at any meeting at which their powers thereunder are to be exercised shall have and may exercise all the powers of voting or consent thereby conferred, or if only one be present, then such powers may be exercised by that one; or, if an even number attend and a majority cannot agree on any particular issue, the Corporation shall not be required to recognize such proxy with respect to such issue, if such proxy does not specify how the shares that are the subject of such proxy are to be voted with respect to such issue in such a contingency.
Section 9. Voting; Inspectors; Elections. Unless otherwise required by law or provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, each stockholder shall, on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders, have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote thereon, which is registered in his name on the record date for such meeting. Shares registered in the name of another corporation, domestic or foreign, may be voted by such officer, agent or proxy as the Bylaws (or comparable instrument) of such corporation may prescribe, or in the absence of such provision, as the Board of Directors (or comparable body) of such corporation may determine. Shares registered in the name of a deceased person may be voted by his executor or administrator, either in person or by proxy.
All voting, except as otherwise required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, may be by a voice vote; provided, however, that upon demand by stockholders holding a majority of the stock present in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders, a stock vote shall be taken. Every stock vote shall be taken by written ballot, each of which
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shall state the name of the stockholder or proxy voting and such other information as may be required under the procedure established for the meeting. All elections of directors shall be by stock vote, unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation.
At any meeting at which a vote is taken by ballot, the chairman of such meeting may appoint one or more inspectors, each of whom shall sign an oath or affirmation to faithfully execute, to the best of his ability and with strict impartiality, the duties of inspector at such meeting. Such inspector shall receive the ballots, count the votes and make and sign a certificate of the results thereof. The chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to serve as inspector, provided, however, that no candidate for the office of director shall be appointed as an inspector.
Except as set forth below in this paragraph, the election of directors at any meetings of the stockholders at which directors are to be elected shall be by ballot and, subject to any rights of the holders of any class or series of stock to elect directors separately, each director shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast with respect to the director by stockholders entitled to vote and present in person or represented by proxy. For purposes of the immediately preceding sentence, a majority of the votes cast means that the number of shares voted “for” a director must exceed 50% of the votes cast “for” or “against” with respect to that director, excluding abstentions and broker non-votes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the number of eligible nominees standing for election at any meeting of the stockholders exceeds the number of directors to be elected, the directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at the meeting. If an incumbent director who is nominated for re-election does not receive sufficient votes “for” to be elected, the director shall promptly tender his resignation to the Chairman of the Board following certification of the vote. The Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee of the Board shall make a recommendation to the Board of Directors on whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board shall act on the tendered resignation, taking into account the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee’s recommendation, and publicly disclose (by a press release, a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission or other broadly disseminated means of communication) its decision regarding the tendered resignation within 90 days from the date of the certification of the election results. The Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee in making its recommendation, and the Board in making its decision, may each consider any factors or other information that it considers appropriate and relevant. The director who tenders his resignation should not participate in the recommendation of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee or the decision of the Board with respect to his resignation. If such incumbent director’s resignation is not accepted by the Board, such director shall continue to serve until the next annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation and until his successor is duly elected, or his earlier resignation or removal. If a director’s resignation is accepted by the Board pursuant to this Section, or if a nominee for director is not elected and the nominee is not an incumbent director, then the Board, in its sole discretion, may fill any resulting vacancy pursuant to the provisions of Article III, Section 8 of these Bylaws or may decrease the size of the Board pursuant to the provisions of Article III, Section 1 of these Bylaws.
Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws, any matter, other than the election of directors, shall be determined by a majority of the votes cast by stockholders entitled to vote and present in person or represented by proxy.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, cumulative voting for the election of directors shall be prohibited.
Section 10. Conduct of Meetings. All meetings of the stockholders shall be presided over by the chairman of the meeting, who shall be the Chairman of the Board (if any) of the Corporation, or if he is not present, the CEO of the Corporation, or if neither the Chairman of the Board (if any) nor CEO is present, a chairman elected by the Board at such meeting. The Secretary of the Corporation, if present, shall act as secretary of such meetings, or if he is not present, an Assistant Secretary (if any) shall so act; if neither the Secretary nor an Assistant Secretary (if any) is present, then a secretary shall be appointed by the chairman of the meeting. The chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of discussion, as seem to him in order. Unless the chairman of the meeting shall otherwise determine, the order of business shall be as follows:
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(a)Calling of meeting to order.
(b)Election of a chairman and the appointment of a secretary (if necessary).
(c)Presentation of proof of the due calling of the meeting.
(d)Presentation and examination of proxies and determination of a quorum.
(e)Reports of officers and committees, if any.
(f)The election of directors, if the meeting is an annual meeting or a meeting called for that purpose.
(g)Voting on any other matters up for stockholder consideration.
(h)Unfinished business.
(i)New business.
(j)Adjournment.
Section 11. Treasury Shares. Neither the Corporation nor any other person shall vote, directly or indirectly, at any meeting of stockholders, shares of the Corporation’s own stock owned by the Corporation, shares of the Corporation’s own stock owned by another corporation the majority of the voting stock of which is owned or controlled by the Corporation, and such shares shall not be counted for quorum purposes or in determining the number of outstanding shares.
Section 12. Action by Written Consent. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action permitted or required to be taken at a meeting of stockholders by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of all of the outstanding stock entitled to vote on such action and such consent shall be delivered to the Corporation’s registered office, its principal place of business, or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the books in which the proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Every written consent shall bear the date of signature thereto and no written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within sixty (60) days of the first consent delivered to the Corporation in the manner required by this Article II, Section 12, written consents signed by all of the stockholders entitled to vote on such action are delivered to the Corporation.
Section 13. Notice of Business to be Brought Before a Meeting.
(a)At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (i) specified in a notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (ii) if not specified in a notice of meeting, otherwise brought before the meeting by the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the Board or (iii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder present in person who (A) (1) was a beneficial owner of shares of the Corporation both at the time of giving the notice provided for in this Section 13 and at the time of the meeting, (2) is entitled to vote at the meeting, and (3) has complied with this Section 13 in all applicable respects or (B) properly made such proposal in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (as so amended and inclusive of such rules and regulations, the “Exchange Act”). The foregoing clause (iii) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to propose business to be brought before an annual meeting of the stockholders. The only matters that may be brought before a special meeting of the stockholders are the matters specified in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the person calling the meeting pursuant to Article II, Section 4, and stockholders shall not be permitted to propose business to be brought before a special meeting of the stockholders. For purposes of this Section 13, “present in person” shall mean that the stockholder proposing that the business be brought before the annual meeting of the Corporation, or a qualified representative of such proposing stockholder, appear at such annual meeting. A “qualified representative” of such proposing stockholder shall be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or any other person authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders. Stockholders seeking to nominate persons for election to the
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Board of Directors must comply with Article II, Section 14 and Section 15 and this Section 13 shall not be applicable to nominations except as expressly provided in Article II, Section 14 and Section 15.
(b)Without qualification, for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must (i) provide Timely Notice (as defined below) thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation and (ii) provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 13. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the one-year anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that if the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered, or mailed and received, not later than the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or, if later, the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public disclosure of the date of such annual meeting was first made (such notice within such time periods, “Timely Notice”). In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of Timely Notice as described above.
(c)To be in proper form for purposes of this Section 13, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth:
(i)As to each Proposing Person (as defined below), (A) the name and address of such Proposing Person (including, if applicable, the name and address that appear on the Corporation’s books and records); and (B) the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned of record or beneficially owned (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) by such Proposing Person, except that such Proposing Person shall in all events be deemed to beneficially own any shares of any class or series of the Corporation as to which such Proposing Person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A) and (B) are referred to as “Stockholder Information”);
(ii)As to each Proposing Person, (A) the full notional amount of any securities that, directly or indirectly, underlie any “derivative security” (as such term is defined in Rule 16a-1(c) under the Exchange Act) that constitutes a “call equivalent position” (as such term is defined in Rule 16a-1(b) under the Exchange Act) (“Synthetic Equity Position”) and that is, directly or indirectly, held or maintained by such Proposing Person with respect to any shares of any class or series of shares of the Corporation; provided that, for the purposes of the definition of “Synthetic Equity Position,” the term “derivative security” shall also include any security or instrument that would not otherwise constitute a “derivative security” as a result of any feature that would make any conversion, exercise or similar right or privilege of such security or instrument becoming determinable only at some future date or upon the happening of a future occurrence, in which case the determination of the amount of securities into which such security or instrument would be convertible or exercisable shall be made assuming that such security or instrument is immediately convertible or exercisable at the time of such determination; and, provided, further, that any Proposing Person satisfying the requirements of Rule 13d-1(b)(1) under the Exchange Act (other than a Proposing Person that so satisfies Rule 13d-1(b)(1) under the Exchange Act solely by reason of Rule 13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(E)) shall not be deemed to hold or maintain the notional amount of any securities that underlie a Synthetic Equity Position held by such Proposing Person as a hedge with respect to a bona fide derivatives trade or position of such Proposing Person arising in the ordinary course of such Proposing Person's business as a derivatives dealer, (B) any rights to dividends on the shares of any class or series of shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such Proposing Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (C) any material pending or threatened legal proceeding in which such Proposing Person is a party or material participant involving the Corporation or any of its officers or directors, or any affiliate of the Corporation, (D) any other material relationship between such Proposing Person, on the one hand, and the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation, on the other hand, (E) any direct or indirect material interest in any material contract or agreement of such Proposing Person with the Corporation or any affiliate of the Corporation (including, in any such case, any employment
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agreement, collective bargaining agreement or consulting agreement), (F) a representation that such Proposing Person intends or is part of a group which intends to deliver a proxy statement or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or otherwise solicit proxies from stockholders in support of such proposal and (G) any other information relating to such Proposing Person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies or consents by such Proposing Person in support of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A) through (G) are referred to as “Disclosable Interests”); provided, however, that Disclosable Interests shall not include any such disclosures with respect to the ordinary course business activities of any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a Proposing Person solely as a result of being the stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by these Bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner; and
(iii)As to each item of business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting, (A) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting and any material interest in such business of each Proposing Person, (B) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration), and (C) a reasonably detailed description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings (x) between or among any of the Proposing Persons or (y) between or among any Proposing Person and any other person or entity (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such stockholder; and (D) any other information relating to such item of business that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies in support of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, that the disclosures required by this paragraph (iii) shall not include any disclosures with respect to any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a Proposing Person solely as a result of being the stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by these Bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner.
For purposes of this Section 13, the term “Proposing Person” shall mean (i) the stockholder providing the notice of business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting, (ii) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the notice of the business proposed to be brought before the annual meeting is made, and (iii) any participant (as defined in paragraphs (a)(ii)-(vi) of Instruction 3 to Item 4 of Schedule 14A) with such stockholder in such solicitation.
(d)A Proposing Person shall update and supplement its notice to the Corporation of its intent to propose business at an annual meeting, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section 13 shall be true and correct as of the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed) (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof).
(e)Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at an annual meeting that is not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 13. The presiding officer of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine that the business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 13, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.
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(f)This Section 13 is expressly intended to apply to any business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders other than any proposal made in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act and included in the Corporation’s proxy statement. In addition to the requirements of this Section 13 with respect to any business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting, each Proposing Person shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such business. Nothing in this Section 13 shall be deemed to affect the rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
(g)For purposes of these Bylaws, “public disclosure” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Sections 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
Section 14. Notice of Nominations for Election to the Board of Directors.
(a)Nominations of any person for election to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting or at a special meeting (but only if the election of directors is a matter specified in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the person calling such special meeting) may be made at such meeting only (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, including by any committee or persons authorized to do so by the Board of Directors or these bylaws, or (ii) by a stockholder present in person (A) who was a beneficial owner of shares of the Corporation both at the time of giving the notice provided for in this Section 14 and at the time of the meeting, (B) is entitled to vote at the meeting, and (C) has complied with this Section 14 and Article II, Section 15 as to such notice and nomination. For purposes of this Section 14, “present in person” shall mean that the stockholder making any nominations of a person or persons for election to the Board of Directors, or, if the proposing stockholder is not an individual, a qualified representative of such stockholder, appear at such meeting. A “qualified representative” of such proposing stockholder shall be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or any other person authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders. The foregoing clause (ii) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make any nomination of a person or persons for election to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting or special meeting.
(b)
(i) Without qualification, for a stockholder to make any nomination of a person or persons for election to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting, the stockholder must (1) provide Timely Notice (as defined in Article II, Section 13) thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation, (2) provide the information, agreements and questionnaires with respect to such stockholder and its candidate for nomination as required to be set forth by this Section 14 and Article II, Section 15 and (3) provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 14 and Article II, Section 15.
(ii)Without qualification, if the election of directors is a matter specified in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the person calling a special meeting, then for a stockholder to make any nomination of a person or persons for election to the Board of Directors at a special meeting, the stockholder must (i) provide timely notice thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, (ii) provide the information with respect to such stockholder and its candidate for nomination as required by this Section 14 and Article II, Section 15 and (iii) provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 14 and Article II, Section 15. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice for nominations to be made at a special meeting must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting
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or, if later, the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public disclosure (as defined in Article II, Section 13) of the date of such special meeting was first made.
(iii)In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or special meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
(c)To be in proper form for purposes of this Section 14, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth:
(i)As to each Nominating Person (as defined below), the Stockholder Information (as defined in Article II, Section 13(c)(i), except that for purposes of this Section 14 the term “Nominating Person” shall be substituted for the term “Proposing Person” in all places it appears in Article II, Section 13(c)(i));
(ii)As to each Nominating Person, any Disclosable Interests (as defined in Article II, Section 13(c)(ii), except that for purposes of this Section 14 the term “Nominating Person” shall be substituted for the term “Proposing Person” in all places it appears in Article II, Section 13(c)(ii) and the disclosure with respect to the business to be brought before the meeting in Article II, Section 13(c)(ii) shall be made with respect to the election of directors at the meeting); and
(iii)As to each candidate whom a Nominating Person proposes to nominate for election as a director, (A) all information with respect to such candidate for nomination that would be required to be set forth in a stockholder’s notice pursuant to this Section 14 and Article II, Section 15 if such candidate for nomination were a Nominating Person, (B) all information relating to such candidate for nomination that is required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14(a) under the Exchange Act (including such candidate’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected), (C) a description of any direct or indirect material interest in any material contract or agreement between or among any Nominating Person, on the one hand, and each candidate for nomination or his respective associates or any other participants in such solicitation, on the other hand, including, without limitation, all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 under Regulation S-K if such Nominating Person were the “registrant” for purposes of such rule and the candidate for nomination were a director or executive officer of such registrant (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A) through (C) are referred to as “Nominee Information”), and (D) a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement as provided in Section 15(a).
For purposes of this Section 14, the term “Nominating Person” shall mean (i) the stockholder providing the notice of the nomination proposed to be made at the meeting, (ii) the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the notice of the nomination proposed to be made at the meeting is made, and (iii) any other participant in such solicitation.
(d)A stockholder providing notice of any nomination proposed to be made at a meeting shall further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section 14 shall be true and correct as of the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed) (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof).
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(e)In addition to the requirements of this Section 14 with respect to any nomination proposed to be made at a meeting, each Nominating Person shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such nominations.
Section 15. Additional Requirements For Valid Nomination of Candidates to Serve as Director and, If Elected, to Be Seated as Directors.
(a)To be eligible to be a candidate for election as a director of the Corporation at an annual or special meeting, a candidate must be nominated in the manner prescribed in Article II, Section 14 and the candidate for nomination, whether nominated by the Board of Directors or by a stockholder of record, must have previously delivered (in accordance with the time period prescribed for delivery in a notice to such candidate given by or on behalf of the Board of Directors), to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, (i) a completed written questionnaire (in a form provided by the Corporation) with respect to the background, qualifications, stock ownership and independence of such proposed nominee and (ii) a written representation and agreement (in form provided by the Corporation) that such candidate for nomination (A) is not and, if elected as a director during his term of office, will not become a party to (1) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given and will not give any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such proposed nominee, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) or (2) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such proposed nominee’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such proposed nominee’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B) is not, and will not become a party to, any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation or reimbursement for service as a director that has not been disclosed therein and (C) if elected as a director of the Corporation, will comply with all applicable corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality, stock ownership and trading and other policies and guidelines of the Corporation applicable to directors and in effect during such person’s term in office as a director (and, if requested by any candidate for nomination, the Secretary of the Corporation shall provide to such candidate for nomination all such policies and guidelines then in effect).
(b)The Board of Directors may also require any proposed candidate for nomination as a director to furnish such other information as may reasonably be requested by the Board of Directors in writing prior to the meeting of stockholders at which such candidate’s nomination is to be acted upon in order for the Board of Directors to determine the eligibility of such candidate for nomination to be an independent director of the Corporation in accordance with the Corporation’s Corporate Governance Guidelines.
(c)A candidate for nomination as a director shall further update and supplement the materials delivered pursuant to this Section 15, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided pursuant to this Section 15 shall be true and correct as of the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (or any other office specified by the Corporation in any public announcement) not later than five (5) business days after the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed) (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof).
(d)No candidate shall be eligible for nomination as a director of the Corporation unless such candidate for nomination and the Nominating Person seeking to place such candidate’s name in nomination has complied with Article II, Section 14 and this Section 15, as applicable. The presiding officer at the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine that a nomination was not properly made in accordance with Article II, Section 14 and this Section 15, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare such determination to the meeting, the defective nomination shall be disregarded and any ballots cast for the candidate in question (but in the case of any form of
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ballot listing other qualified nominees, only the ballots case for the nominee in question) shall be void and of no force or effect.
(e)Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no candidate for nomination shall be eligible to be seated as a director of the Corporation unless nominated and elected in accordance with Article II, Section 14 and this Section 15.
ARTICLE III
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 1. Power; Number; Term of Office. The powers of the Corporation shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under, the direction of the Board of Directors.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, the number of directors that shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors (provided that no decrease in the number of directors that would have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director may be made by the Board of Directors). If the Board of Directors does not make such a determination, the number of directors shall be that number set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation as the number of directors constituting the initial Board of Directors. Each director shall hold office for the term for which he is elected and thereafter until his successor shall have been elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, directors need not be stockholders or residents of the State of Delaware.
Section 2. Quorum; Required Vote for Director Action. Unless otherwise required by law or provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a majority of the total number of directors fixed by or in the manner provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at a meeting of the Board of Directors, and the act of a majority of the directors present at such meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.
Section 3. Meetings; Order of Business. The directors may hold their meetings and may have an office and keep the books of the Corporation, except as otherwise provided by law, in such place or places, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine by resolution. At all meetings of the Board of Directors business shall be transacted in such order as shall from time to time be determined by the Chairman of the Board (if any) or in his absence by the CEO (if the CEO is a director) or by resolution of the Board of Directors.
Section 4. First Meeting. In connection with any annual meeting of stockholders at which directors are elected the Board of Directors may, if a quorum is present, hold its first meeting for the transaction of business immediately after and at the place of such annual meeting of the stockholders. Notice of such meeting, at such time and place, shall not be required.
Section 5. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such times and places as shall be designated from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors. Notice of such regular meetings shall not be required.
Section 6. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board (if any), the CEO or, upon written request of a majority of the directors then in office, by the Secretary, in each case on at least twenty-four (24) hours personal, written, telegraphic, cable or wireless notice to each director. Such notice, or any waiver thereof pursuant to Article VIII, Section 3 hereof, need not state this purpose or purposes of such meeting, except as may otherwise be required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
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Section 7. Removal. Any one or more directors or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors for the particular directors being removed.
Section 8. Vacancies; Increases in the Number of Directors. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. If the Certificate of Incorporation entitles the holders of any class or classes of stock or series thereof to elect one (1) or more directors, vacancies and newly created directorships of such class or classes or series may be filled by a majority of the directors elected by such class or classes or series thereof then in office, or by a sole remaining director so elected.
Section 9. Compensation. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation, if any, of directors.
Section 10. Action Without a Meeting; Telephone Conference Meeting. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and any consent may be documented, signed, and delivered in any manner permitted by Section 116 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee. Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote at a meeting, and may be stated as such in any document or instrument filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware.
Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, subject to the requirement for notice of such meetings, members of the Board of Directors, or members of any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting of such Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment, by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in such meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting, except where a person participates in the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
Section 11. Approval or Ratification of Acts or Contracts by Stockholders. The Board of Directors in its discretion may submit any act or contract for approval or ratification at any annual meeting of the stockholders, or at any special meeting of the stockholders called for the purpose of considering any such act or contract, and, unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws, any act or contract that shall be approved or ratified by a majority of the votes cast by stockholders entitled to vote and present in person or represented by proxy at such meeting (provided that a quorum is present), shall be as valid and as binding upon the Corporation and upon all the stockholders as if it had been approved or ratified by every stockholder of the Corporation.
Section 12. Chairman of the Board. The Board of Directors shall annually elect one of its members to be its chair (the “Chairman of the Board”) and shall fill any vacancy in the position of Chairman of the Board at such time and in such manner as the Board of Directors shall determine. The Chairman of the Board (if any) shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors; and he shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors.
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ARTICLE IV
COMMITTEES
Section 1. Designation; Powers. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole board, designate one or more committees, including a Compensation Committee, an Audit Committee, and a Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee, each such committee consisting of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. Any such designated committee, to the extent permitted by applicable law, shall have and may exercise such of the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation as may be provided in such resolution. Any such designated committee may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. In addition, such committee or committees shall have such other powers and limitations of authority as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. The Corporation elects to be governed by Section 141(c)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
Section 2. Procedure; Meetings; Quorum. Any committee designated pursuant to Article IV, Section 1 hereof shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and report the same to the Board of Directors when requested, shall fix its own rules and procedures, and shall meet at such times and at such place or places as may be provided by such rules or procedures, or by resolution of such committee or Board of Directors. At every meeting of any such committee, the presence of a majority of all the members thereof shall constitute a quorum, except as provided in Section 3 of this Article IV, and the affirmative vote of a majority of the members present shall be necessary for the adoption of any resolution.
Section 3. Substitution of Members. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, provided such director meets the applicable requirements for service on such committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of such committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not constituting a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of the absent or disqualified member, provided such director meets the applicable requirements for service on such committee.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. Number, Titles and Term of Office. The officers of the Corporation shall be a CEO, if the Board of Directors so elects, a President, one or more Vice Presidents (any one or more of whom may be designated Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President), if the Board of Directors so elects, a Treasurer, a Secretary and, if the Board of Directors so elects, such other officers as the Board of Directors may from time to time elect or appoint. Each officer shall hold office until his successor shall be duly elected and shall qualify or until his death or until he shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless the Certificate of Incorporation provides otherwise.
Section 2. Salaries. The salaries or other compensation, if any, of the officers and agents of the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors or a committee delegated such authority by the Board of Directors.
Section 3. Removal. Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed, either with or without cause, by the vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors at any regular meeting or at a special meeting called for such purpose, provided the notice for such meeting shall specify that such proposed removal will be considered at the meeting; provided, however, that such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights, if any, of the person so removed. Election or appointment of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contractual rights.
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Section 4. Vacancies. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation may be filled by the Board of Directors.
Section 5. Powers and Duties of the Chief Executive Officer. The CEO shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation. Subject to the control of the Board of Directors, the CEO shall have general executive charge, management and control of the properties, business and operations of the Corporation with all such powers as may be reasonably incident to such responsibilities; he may agree upon and execute all leases, contracts, evidences of indebtedness and other obligations in the name of the Corporation and may sign all certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation subject to any limitations imposed from time to time by the Board of Directors; and he shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors. The CEO will preside at all meetings of the stockholders in absence of a Chairman of the Board.
Section 6. [Reserved.]
Section 7. Powers and Duties of the President. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors or the CEO, the President, if there is such an officer, shall have the authority to agree upon and execute all leases, contracts, evidences of indebtedness and other obligations in the name of the Corporation subject to any limitations imposed from time to time by the Board of Directors and he shall, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board or the CEO or if there be no Chairman of the Board and CEO, preside at all meetings of the stockholders and (if a director) of the Board of Directors; and the President shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors or the CEO.
Section 8. Vice Presidents. Each Vice President shall perform such duties and have such powers as the Board of Directors, the CEO, or the President, if there is such an officer, may from time to time prescribe. In addition, in the absence of the CEO and the President, if there is such an officer, or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, a Vice President designated by the Board of Directors or, in the absence of such designation, the Vice President who is present and who is senior in terms of time as a Vice President of the Corporation, shall perform the duties of the CEO, as the case may be, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the CEO, as the case may be; provided, however, that such Vice President shall not preside at meetings of the Board of Directors unless he is a director.
Section 9. Treasurer. The Treasurer, if there is such an officer, shall have responsibility for the custody and control of all the funds and securities of the Corporation, and he shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the Board of Directors. He shall perform all acts incident to the position of Treasurer, subject to the control of the CEO and the Board of Directors; the Treasurer shall, if required by the Board of Directors, give such bond for the faithful discharge of his duties in such form as the Board of Directors may require.
Section 10. Assistant Treasurers. Each Assistant Treasurer (if any) shall have the usual powers and duties pertaining to his office, together with such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the Treasurer, the CEO or the Board of Directors. The Assistant Treasurers shall exercise the powers of the Treasurer during the Treasurer’s absence or inability or refusal to act.
Section 11. Secretary. The Secretary shall keep the minutes of all meetings of the Board of Directors, committees of directors and of the stockholders in books provided for such purpose; he shall attend to the giving and serving of all notices; he may in the name of the Corporation affix the seal of the Corporation to all contracts of the Corporation and attest thereto; he may sign with the other appointed officers all certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation; he shall have charge of such other books and papers as the Board of Directors may direct, all of which shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any director upon application at the office of the Corporation during business hours; he shall have such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the Board of Directors; and he shall in general perform all acts incident to the office of Secretary, subject to the control of the CEO and the Board of Directors.
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Section 12. Assistant Secretaries. Each Assistant Secretary (if any) shall have the usual powers and duties pertaining to his office, together with such other powers and duties as designated in accordance with these Bylaws and as may be prescribed from time to time by the CEO, the Board of Directors or the Secretary. The Assistant Secretaries shall exercise the powers of the Secretary during the Secretary’s absence or inability or refusal to act.
Section 13. Action with Respect to Securities of Other Companies. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the CEO shall have the power to vote and to otherwise act on behalf of the Corporation, in person or by proxy, at any meeting of security holders of any other corporation, or with respect to any action of security holders thereof, in which this Corporation may hold securities and otherwise to exercise any and all rights and powers which this Corporation may possess by reason of its ownership of securities in such other corporation.
ARTICLE VI
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS
OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS
Section 1. Right to Indemnification. Subject to the limitations and conditions as provided in this Article VI, each person who was or is made a party to or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or investigative (hereinafter a “proceeding”), or any appeal in such a proceeding or any inquiry or investigation that could lead to such a proceeding, by reason of the fact that he, or a person of whom he is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or while a director or officer of the Corporation is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent, or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, sole proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall be indemnified by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide greater indemnification rights than said law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment) against judgments, penalties (including excise and similar taxes and punitive damages), fines, settlements and reasonable expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees) actually incurred by such person in connection with such proceeding, and indemnification under this Article VI shall continue as to a person who has ceased to serve in the capacity which initially entitled such person to indemnity hereunder. The rights granted pursuant to this Article VI shall be deemed contractual rights, and no amendment, modification or repeal of this Article VI shall have the effect of limiting or denying any such rights with respect to actions taken or proceedings arising prior to any such amendment, modification or repeal. It is expressly acknowledged that the indemnification conferred in this Article VI could involve indemnification for negligence of the indemnified party or under theories of strict liability.
Section 2. Advance Payment. The right to indemnification conferred in this Article VI shall include the right to be paid or reimbursed by the Corporation for the reasonable expenses incurred by a person of the type entitled to be indemnified under Article VI, Section 1 hereof who was, is or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a proceeding in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding and without any determination as to the person’s ultimate entitlement to indemnification; provided, however, that the payment of such expenses incurred by any such person in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of a written affirmation by such director or officer of his good faith belief that he has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification under this Article VI and a written undertaking, by or on behalf of such person, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal that such indemnified person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VI or otherwise.
Section 3. Indemnification of Employees and Agents. The Corporation, by adoption of a resolution of the Board of Directors, may indemnify and advance expenses to an employee or agent of the Corporation to the same extent and subject to the same conditions that it is required to indemnify and advance expenses to directors and officers under this Article VI; the Corporation may indemnify and advance expenses to persons who are not or were not directors,
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officers, employees or agents of the Corporation, but who are or were serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, sole proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in such a capacity or arising out of his status as such a person to the same extent that it may indemnify and advance expenses to directors or officers under this Article VI.
Section 4. Appearance as a Witness. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article VI, the Corporation may pay or reimburse expenses incurred by a director or officer in connection with his appearance as a witness or other participation in a proceeding at a time when he is not a named defendant or respondent in the proceeding.
Section 5. Nonexclusivity of Rights. The right to indemnification and advancement and payment of expenses conferred in this Article VI shall not be exclusive of any other right which a director or officer or other person indemnified pursuant to Article VI, Section 3 hereof, may have or hereafter acquire under any law, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, any agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors otherwise.
Section 6. Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any person who is or was serving as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent or similar functionary of another foreign or domestic corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, proprietorship, employee benefit plan, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under this Article VI.
Section 7. Savings Clause. If this Article VI or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any grounds by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify and hold harmless each director, officer or any other person required to be indemnified in accordance with this Article VI as to costs, charges and expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement with respect to any proceeding, to the full extent permitted by any applicable and valid portion of this Article VI to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
ARTICLE VII
CAPITAL STOCK
Section 1. Certificates of Stock. The shares of the capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided, however, that the Board of Directors may determine by resolution that some or all of any or all the classes or series of the Corporation’s stock shall be uncertificated shares that may be evidenced by a book-entry system maintained by the registrar of such stock. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the name of the Corporation by any two authorized officers of the Corporation, including, without limitation, the Chairman of the Board (if any), the CEO, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary and an Assistant Secretary, representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
Section 2. Transfer of Shares. The shares of stock of the Corporation shall only be transferable on the books of the Corporation by the holders thereof in person or by their duly authorized attorneys or legal representatives, and, in the case of certificated shares, upon surrender and cancellation of certificates for a like number of shares (or upon compliance with the provisions of Article VII, Section 5, hereof, if applicable).
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Section 3. Ownership of Shares. The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of capital stock of the Corporation as the owner in fact thereof at that time for purposes of voting such shares, receiving distributions thereon or notices in respect thereof, transferring such shares, exercising rights of dissent, exercising or waiving any preemptive rights, or giving proxies with respect to such shares; and, neither the Corporation nor any of its officers, directors, employees, or agents shall be liable for regarding that person as the owner of those shares at that time for those purposes, regardless of whether or not that person possesses a certificate for those shares.
Section 4. Regulations Regarding Certificates. The Board of Directors shall have the power and authority to make all such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration or the replacement of certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation.
Section 5. Lost, Stolen, Destroyed or Mutilated Certificates. The Board of Directors may determine the conditions upon which a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares may be issued in place of any certificate which is alleged to have been lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated; and may, in its discretion, require the owner of such certificate or his legal representative to give bond, with sufficient surety, to indemnify the Corporation and each transfer agent and registrar against any and all losses or claims which may arise by reason of the issuance of a new certificate or uncertificated shares in the place of the one so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated.
ARTICLE VIII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
Section 1. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be such as established from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 2. Corporate Seal. The Board of Directors may provide a suitable seal containing the name of the Corporation. The Secretary shall have charge of the seal (if any). If and when so directed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, duplicates of the seal may be kept and used by the Treasurer or by the Assistant Secretary or Assistant Treasurer, if any.
Section 3. Notice and Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice is required to be given by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, except with respect to notices of meetings of stockholders (with respect to which the provisions of Article II, Section 6 hereof apply) and except with respect to notices of special meetings of directors (with respect to which the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof apply) said notice shall be deemed to be sufficient if given (i) by telegraphic, cable or wireless transmission or (ii) by deposit of a postage prepaid notice, in the United States mail addressed to the person entitled thereto at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. Such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the day of such transmission or mailing, as the case may be.
Whenever notice is required to be given by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person, including without limitation a director, at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of such meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors, or a committee of directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice, unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
Section 4. Resignations. Any director, member of a committee or officer may resign at any time. Such resignation shall be made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if no time be specified, at the time of its receipt by the CEO or Secretary. The acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary for its effectiveness, unless expressly so provided in the resignation.
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Section 5. Facsimile, Email or Electronic Signatures. In addition to the provisions for the use of facsimile, email or electronic signatures specifically authorized elsewhere in these Bylaws, facsimile, email or electronic signatures of any officer or officers of the Corporation may be used as determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with applicable law.
Section 6. Reliance upon Books, Reports and Records. A member of the Board of Directors, or a member of any committee thereof, shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Corporation and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of its officers or employees, or committees of the Board of Directors, or by any other person as to matters the director reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation, as to the value and amount of the assets, liabilities and/or net profits of the Corporation, or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of surplus or other funds from which dividends might properly be declared and paid, or with which the Corporation’s stock might properly be purchased or redeemed.
Section 7. Forum Selection. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery (the “Chancery Court”) of the State of Delaware (or, in the event that the Chancery Court does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware or other state courts of the State of Delaware) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or to the Corporation’s stockholders, (c) any action arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporate Law or the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws (as either may be amended from time to time), or (d) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of the preceding sentence is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “Foreign Action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to (i) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the preceding sentence and (ii) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder.
Section 8. Gender. All personal pronouns used in these Bylaws shall include the other genders, whether used in the masculine, feminine or neuter gender, and the singular shall include the plural, and vice versa, whenever and as often as may be appropriate.
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENTS
The original or other Bylaws of the Corporation may be adopted, amended or repealed by the incorporators, by the initial directors if they are named in the Certificate of Incorporation, or, before the Corporation has received any payment for any of its stock, by its Board of Directors. After the Corporation has received any payment for any of its stock, the power to adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws shall reside in the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however, the Corporation may, in the Certificate of Incorporation, confer the power to adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws upon the directors. The fact that such power has been so conferred upon the directors, shall not divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit their power to adopt, amend or repeal Bylaws.
Approved: October 11, 2017
Amended: March 11, 2021
Amended: November 6, 2023
Amended: August 6, 2025
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